CN210053806U

CN210053806U - Automatic farming machine

Info

Publication number: CN210053806U
Application number: CN201821909943.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张新杰
Original assignee: Qingdao Agricultural University
Current assignee: Qingdao Agricultural University
Priority date: 2017-12-18
Filing date: 2018-11-20
Publication date: 2020-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 2028-11-20
Also published as: CN109429628A; CN109429627A; CN109429629A; CN109287196A; CN109392373A; CN109429626A; CN209594249U

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic farming machine, include: the automatic seeding device comprises a trailer frame, and a seed storage box and a plurality of automatic seeding modules which are arranged on the trailer frame; the seed storage box is arranged above the automatic sowing modules, and a plurality of discharge holes for conveying seeds to the corresponding automatic sowing modules are formed in the bottom of the seed storage box; the automatic seeding module comprises a sliding frame, an automatic seeder and two soil shifting assemblies, wherein the automatic seeder and the two soil shifting assemblies are arranged on the sliding frame. The planting efficiency and the planting effect are improved.

Description

Automatic farming machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery especially relates to an automatic farming machine.

Background

The planting of agricultural plants is generally carried out manually, while with the spread of mechanized equipment, automated sowing equipment is widely used, for example: potatoes, peanuts, garlic, corns, beans and the like can be sown by adopting automatic sowing equipment. Chinese patent numbers 2012100985697, 2014105842186, 2015204694030 all disclose related sowing apparatus. In the actual use process, the burying thickness of the seeds is uneven, and the survival rate of the seeds is low due to the fact that the top soil layer is thin, so that the planting effect is poor. How to design an automatic farming machine that efficiency of planting and survival rate are high the utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve is: the automatic farming machine is provided, so that the planting efficiency and the planting effect of the automatic farming machine are improved, and the use reliability is improved.

The technical scheme provided by the utility model is, an automatic farming machine, include: the automatic seeding device comprises a trailer frame, and a seed storage box and a plurality of automatic seeding modules which are arranged on the trailer frame; the seed storage box is arranged above the automatic sowing modules, and a plurality of discharge holes for conveying seeds to the corresponding automatic sowing modules are formed in the bottom of the seed storage box; the automatic sowing module comprises a sliding frame, an automatic sowing device and two soil shifting assemblies, wherein the automatic sowing device and the two soil shifting assemblies are arranged on the sliding frame; the lower part of the front end and the lower part of the rear end of the sliding frame are respectively provided with the soil shifting assembly, and the automatic seeder is arranged at the lower part of the middle section of the sliding frame; the soil shifting assembly comprises a base, a hinge four-bar mechanism and a soil shifting plate, the base is arranged on the sliding frame, the hinge four-bar mechanism is installed on the base, and the soil shifting plate is arranged on a connecting rod of the hinge four-bar mechanism; the soil shifting plate in the soil shifting assembly positioned at the front end of the sliding frame is a hoe, the soil shifting direction of the hoe is opposite to the moving direction of the sliding frame, and the hinge four-bar mechanism in the soil shifting assembly positioned at the front end of the sliding frame is a crank-rocker mechanism; in addition, be located the carriage rear end stir in the subassembly stir native board is the soil spade, the soil spade stir the earth direction with the moving direction of carriage is the same.

Furthermore, the automatic seeder comprises a support frame, a feeder, a guide mechanism and a plurality of seeding mechanisms, wherein the support frame is fixed on the sliding frame; the feeding device is positioned below the discharge port and comprises two rotating blocks, the two rotating blocks are oppositely arranged and rotatably mounted on the supporting frame, conical grooves are formed in opposite surfaces of the two rotating blocks, the two conical grooves are combined to form a funnel structure used for receiving seeds conveyed from the discharge port, a downward extending protruding portion is arranged at the bottom of one rotating block and used for being collided by the sowing mechanism to drive the two rotating blocks to rotate, and the feeding device further comprises a synchronizing mechanism used for controlling the two rotating blocks to synchronously and reversely rotate; the guide mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the support frame and comprises an annular guide groove, and the annular guide groove comprises a horizontal guide groove part and a concave guide groove part which is sunken downwards; the seeding mechanism comprises a conveying cylinder, a sliding seat, an earth-entering cone and a guide plate, wherein the sliding seat can slide up and down relative to the conveying cylinder, the sliding seat is also provided with a guide post which is arranged on the annular guide groove in a sliding manner, the earth-entering cone comprises two semi-conical housings which are oppositely arranged, the two semi-conical housings are rotatably arranged on two sides of the sliding seat, the outer wall of each semi-conical housing is also provided with a guide sliding groove which comprises a vertical sliding groove and an arc-shaped sliding groove which are connected together, the guide plate is fixed on the conveying cylinder, the guide plate is provided with two guide blocks, and the guide blocks are inserted into the corresponding guide sliding grooves and used for controlling the two semi-conical housings to open and close; when the two semi-conical housings are in a closed state, the soil entering cone is of a cone-shaped cylinder structure with the lower end closed and the upper end opened, and the lower end of the conveying cylinder is inserted into the cone-shaped cylinder structure; the sliding frame is further provided with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used for driving the conveying cylinder to move around the annular guide groove, and the driving mechanism is further used for driving the crank of the hinge four-bar mechanism to rotate.

Furthermore, a rotatable lead screw is arranged at one end part of the trailer frame, and a motor for driving the lead screw to rotate is also arranged on the trailer frame; the interval adjustment subassembly is including removing seat, hydro-cylinder, initiative thread piece, passive thread piece, initiative rack, passive rack and drive gear, it slides and sets up to remove the seat on the trailer frame, initiative thread piece with passive thread piece relative arrangement and be provided with respectively with lead screw complex thread groove, initiative thread piece passive thread piece with initiative rack slidable sets up remove on the seat, the hydro-cylinder is fixed remove on the seat, the piston rod of hydro-cylinder respectively with initiative thread piece with the initiative rack is connected, passive rack is fixed on the passive thread piece, drive gear presss from both sides initiative rack with between the passive rack, the carriage with correspond remove the seat and connect.

Furthermore, the distance adjusting assembly further comprises a positioning piece, the oil cylinder is a double-end oil cylinder, a piston rod of the double-end oil cylinder is respectively connected with the driving thread block and the driving rack, another piston rod of the double-end oil cylinder is connected with the positioning piece, and a positioning matching part used for positioning the positioning piece is further arranged on the trailer frame.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses an advantage is with positive effect: the utility model provides an automatic farming machine, through the preceding tip at the carriage and the rear end portion set up the subassembly of stirring, through the rotation direction of stirring board in the subassembly of stirring of tip before the control, make the planting groove of certain degree of depth can be dug out to the stirring board of preceding tip on the soil layer, and thus, more be favorable to planting the seed in the soil layer of required degree of depth through automatic disseminator, and is same, the stirring board of rear end portion stirring subassembly can fill out the soil to the planting groove after the seeding, realize automatic grooving and fill out soil, realize improving planting efficiency and planting effect, and improve equipment reliability in utilization.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the automatic farming machine of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an automatic seeding module in an embodiment of the automatic farming machine of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a sowing mechanism in an embodiment of the automatic farming machine of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the feeder and distributor in the embodiment of the automatic farming machine of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the sowing mechanism in the embodiment of the automatic farming machine of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an assembly diagram of the seeding mechanism and the feeder in the embodiment of the automatic farming machine of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the automatic farming machine of the present invention with the sowing mechanism in an open state;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a guide mechanism in an embodiment of the automatic farming machine of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a soil shifting assembly in an embodiment of the automatic farming machine of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the variable speed adjustment assembly in an embodiment of the automatic farming machine of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a first schematic structural view of a spacing adjustment assembly in an embodiment of the automatic farming machine of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a second schematic structural view of the spacing adjustment assembly in the embodiment of the automatic farming machine of the present invention;

fig. 13 is the structure schematic diagram of the electric depth-limiting component in the embodiment of the automatic farming machine of the utility model.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-13, the automatic farming machine of the present embodiment includes: comprises a trailer frame 100, a seed storage box 2 and a plurality of automatic seeding modules 200;

a rotatable screw 7 is arranged at one end of the trailer frame 100, a motor 6 for driving the screw 7 to rotate is further arranged on the trailer frame 100, a plurality of spacing adjusting assemblies 8 matched with the automatic seeding modules 200 are further arranged on the trailer frame 100, and the spacing adjusting assemblies 8 are used for being matched with the screw 7 to drive the automatic seeding modules 200 to move and adjust spacing;

the seed storage box 2 spans the trailer frame 100 and is positioned above the automatic seeding modules 200, the bottom of the seed storage box 2 is provided with a plurality of discharge ports 21 for conveying seeds to the automatic seeding modules 200, and the discharge ports 21 are slidably arranged at the bottom of the seed storage box 2;

automatic seeding module 200 carriage 1, automatic disseminator 3 and two assemblies 4 that dig soil, automatic disseminator 3 and the assembly 4 that dig soil set up on the carriage 1.

Wherein, two group's native subassembly 4 are arranged on carriage 1 from beginning to end, and the group's native subassembly 4 of configuration at carriage 1 front end portion is used for digging a groove operation in advance at the seeding in-process to ensure that the depth of planting of automatic disseminator 3 reaches the settlement requirement, and the group's native subassembly 4 of carriage 1 rear end portion setting can carry out the landfill operation to the planting groove that the seeding is accomplished, in order to cover the seed under the soil layer. Specifically, the soil-shifting assembly 4 comprises a base 41, a hinged four-bar mechanism 42 and a soil-shifting plate 40; the base 41 is mounted on the sliding frame 1, the hinged four-bar mechanism 42 generally comprises a crank 421, a rotating rod 422 and a connecting rod 423 which are connected together, the crank 421 and the rotating rod 422 are connected through the connecting rod 423, the crank 421 and the rotating rod 422 are rotatably mounted on the base 41, and the soil shifting plate 40 is mounted on the connecting rod 423. Wherein, the length of the rotating rod 422 can be set to be the same as the crank 421 or longer than the crank 421 to form a double crank mechanism or a crank rocker mechanism as required. The difference of the functions of digging and filling the grooves of the soil-shifting components 4 arranged in front and back is realized by controlling the different running directions of the soil-shifting components 4, which is specifically explained as follows: the soil shifting direction of the soil shifting plate 40 in the soil shifting assembly 4 positioned at the front end of the sliding frame 1 is opposite to the moving direction of the sliding frame 1, the soil shifting plate 40 is configured as a hoe, the soil shifting direction of the soil shifting plate 40 in the soil shifting assembly 4 positioned at the rear end of the sliding frame 1 is the same as the moving direction of the sliding frame 1, and the soil shifting plate 40 is configured as a soil leveling blade, so that the soil shifting plate 40 in the soil shifting assembly 4 at the front end can stretch into a soil layer and shift out soil backwards to form a planting groove, the soil pile is formed at the rear part of the planting groove by the soil shifting assembly 4 at the front end, and the soil shifting plate 40 in the soil shifting assembly 4 at the rear end can push the soil pile at the rear side of the planting groove into the planting groove again to complete soil filling operation. And the sliding frame 1 is provided with a lifting platform 400, and the base 41 of the earth-moving assembly 4 is arranged on the corresponding lifting platform 400.

The electric depth limiting assembly 5 is arranged in front of the automatic seeder 3 and behind the soil poking assembly 4 at the lower part of the front end of the sliding frame 1. Specifically, electronic depth stop subassembly 5 includes mount pad 50, telescopic machanism 51 and depth wheel 52, mount pad 50 sets up on the trailer frame 100, telescopic machanism 32 is installed on mount pad 50, telescopic machanism 51 is provided with telescopic link 511 that can stretch out and draw back, depth wheel 52 sets up the lower tip of telescopic link 511, be provided with distance sensor 53 on the telescopic machanism 51. Specifically, the controller can control the telescopic mechanism 32 to drive the depth wheel 52 to move up and down according to the depth limiting requirement, and accurate depth limiting control is performed through a signal fed back by the distance sensor 53; meanwhile, the controller adjusts the elevation of the elevation platform 400 according to a signal fed back from the distance sensor 53. The distance sensor 53 may be an ultrasonic sensor, and the telescopic rod 511 is provided with an ultrasonic reflection plate 54 for cooperating with the ultrasonic sensor. In addition, the telescopic mechanism 51 may be a linear electric cylinder; or, the telescopic mechanism 51 includes a motor, a cylinder body, a nut and a screw rod, the screw rod is the telescopic rod, the motor and the cylinder body are fixed on the mounting seat, the nut is rotatably arranged in the cylinder body, the screw rod is slidably arranged in the cylinder body, the screw rod is in threaded connection with the nut, and the motor is used for driving the nut to rotate.

The automatic seeder 3 is used for seeding the seeds stored in the seed storage box 2 into the planting groove dug by the soil-shifting assembly 4, and the automatic seeder 3 comprises a supporting frame 31, a feeder 32, a guide mechanism 33 and a seeding mechanism 34; the support frame 31 is fixed on the sliding frame 1, the feeder 32 is located below the discharge port 21, the feeder 32 includes two rotating blocks 321, the two rotating blocks 321 are oppositely arranged and rotatably mounted on the support frame 31, conical grooves 322 are provided on opposite surfaces of the two rotating blocks 321, the two conical grooves 322 are combined to form a funnel structure for receiving seeds conveyed from the discharge port, a protrusion 323 extending downwards is provided at the bottom of one of the rotating blocks 321, the protrusion 323 is used for being collided by the sowing mechanism 34 to drive the two rotating blocks 321 to rotate, and the feeder 32 further includes a synchronization mechanism for controlling the two rotating blocks 32 to synchronously and reversely rotate; the guide mechanism 33 is disposed at a lower portion of the support frame 31, the guide mechanism 33 includes an annular guide groove 331, and the annular guide groove 331 includes a horizontal guide groove portion and a concave guide groove portion depressed downward; the seeding mechanism 34 comprises a conveying cylinder 341, a sliding seat 342, an earth-entering cone 343 and a guide plate 344, wherein the sliding seat 342 is provided with a through hole (not marked), the conveying cylinder 341 is inserted into the through hole, the sliding seat 342 can slide up and down relative to the conveying cylinder 341, the sliding seat 342 is further provided with a guide post 3421, the guide post 3421 is slidably arranged on the annular guide groove 331, the earth-entering cone 343 comprises two semi-conical housings 3431 which are oppositely arranged, the two semi-conical housings 3431 are rotatably arranged on two sides of the sliding seat 342, the outer wall of the semi-conical housing 3431 is further provided with a guide sliding groove 3432, the guide sliding groove 3432 comprises a vertical sliding groove (not marked) and an arc sliding groove (not marked) which are connected together, the guide plate 344 is fixed on the conveying cylinder 341, the guide plate 344 is provided with two guide blocks 3441, the guide blocks 3441 are inserted into the corresponding guide chutes 3432 to control the opening and closing of the two half-cone housings 3431; wherein, when the two semi-conical housings 3431 are in a closed state, the soil-entering cone 343 forms a conical cylinder structure with a closed lower end and an open upper end, and the lower end of the conveying cylinder 341 is inserted into the conical cylinder structure.

As for the driving mechanism for powering the automatic seeder 3 and the soil-shifting assembly 4, a driving mechanism (not shown) is further provided on the carriage 1, the driving mechanism is used for driving the conveying cylinder 341 to move around the annular guide groove 331, and the driving mechanism is also used for driving the crank 421 to rotate. Specifically, a driving sprocket 351 and a driven sprocket 352 are arranged on the supporting frame 31, a chain is arranged between the driving sprocket 351 and the driven sprocket 352, the conveying cylinders 341 are arranged on the chain, the driving mechanism includes a first motor, the first motor is in transmission connection with the driving sprocket 351, wherein the chain arranged between the driving sprocket 351 and the driven sprocket 352 can adopt a conventional chain structure, the conveying cylinders 341 are mounted on the chain, or a connecting plate 3411 is arranged at the upper end part of the conveying cylinder 341, the connecting plates 3411 between two adjacent conveying cylinders 341 are connected together through a pin shaft, a plurality of the connecting plates 1 are connected end to end in sequence to form a chain structure, the conveying cylinders 341 are connected together through corresponding connecting plates 3411, so that each sowing mechanism 34 is connected in sequence to move synchronously, thereby facilitating the driving mechanism to drive the conveying mechanism to move, the driving sprocket 351 and the driven sprocket 352 are configured to be replaced with rotating wheels disposed at two ends of the supporting frame 31, a plurality of slots for locking the outer wall of the conveying cylinder 341 are disposed on the circumferential surface of the rotating wheels, and the conveying cylinder 341 in the slots is driven to rotate during the rotation of the rotating wheels, so as to synchronously drive all the seeding mechanisms 34 to move. Meanwhile, the driving mechanism includes a second motor, and the crank 421 is driven to rotate by the power output by the second motor.

Specifically, in the actual use process of the automatic farming machine of the embodiment, the trailer frame 100 (moved by the tractor or other agricultural equipment in front of the trailer frame 100) will travel in the farmland through the wheels, during the travel process, the pre-grooving treatment is firstly performed on the land surface through the front soil-shifting assembly 4, the grooving depth of the front soil-shifting assembly 4 is detected by the electric depth-limiting assembly 5, and the lifting platform 400 is controlled to drive the soil-shifting assembly 4 to lift and control the grooving depth; then, when the automatic seeder 3 on the carriage 1 moves to the dug planting groove position, the automatic seeder 3 seeds into the planting groove. In the process of digging the groove, the four-bar linkage 42 of the hinge on the base 41 drives the hoe to move so as to simulate manual hoeing by the hoe to dig the planting groove, thereby realizing the pre-grooving operation; during sowing, the seeds in the seed storage box 2 are conveyed to the feeder 32 in the automatic seeder 3, the seeds are temporarily stored in a funnel structure formed between the two rotating blocks 321, at the same time, the sowing mechanism 34 will move along the circular guide groove 331 to the lower side of the feeder 32 and hit the protrusion 323 to rotate the two rotating blocks 321, the seeds in the feeder 32 will fall down into the delivery cylinder 341, the sowing mechanism 34 continues to move in the annular guide groove 331, the sliding seat 342 is guided by the concave guide groove portion of the annular guide groove 331, so that the soil-entering cone 343 is inserted downwards into the dug planting groove for hole insertion, in the process, the sliding seat 342 is gradually guided out along the concave guide groove portion, the arc-shaped sliding groove of the guide sliding groove 3432 is matched with the guide block 3441 to realize that the two half-cone-shaped housings 3431 which are oppositely arranged are opened, so that the seeds in the conveying cylinder 341 fall into the formed cavities to complete the sowing; after the seeding is finished, the soil leveling blade in the soil shifting assembly 4 at the rear end of the sliding frame 1 pushes the soil pile behind the planting groove into the pit again for soil filling operation. In order to more effectively dig the grooves by the soil-shifting assembly 4 at the front end and more effectively fill the soil by the soil-shifting assembly 4 at the rear end, the soil-shifting plate 40 in the soil-shifting assembly 4 at the front end of the sliding frame 1 forms an inward cambered surface which is sunken towards the inner side, so that the soil below the ground surface can be dug out and pushed to the rear of the planting grooves by the soil-shifting plate 40 with the inward cambered surface when digging the grooves; similarly, the soil shifting plate 40 in the soil shifting assembly 4 at the rear end of the sliding frame 1 forms an outer arc surface which is sunken towards the outer side, and the soil shifting plate 40 through the outer arc surface can effectively disperse soil piles to be filled into the planting groove, so that soil filling operation is completed. In addition, the upper part of the delivery cylinder 341 is further provided with a collision part 3410 for touching the protrusion part 323, and the feeder 32 is further provided with a return spring 320 for driving the turning block 321 to turn and return, and the return spring 320 is arranged between one of the turning block 321 and the support frame 31. After the seeds are sowed, the planting grooves containing the seeds are buried through the soil-shifting assembly 4 at the rear end part, and the land surface is leveled by the leveling roller.

When the seeding distance between the automatic seeding modules 200 needs to be adjusted, the motor 6 drives the screw rod 7 to rotate, the screw rod 7 independently adjusts the automatic seeding modules 200 through the distance adjusting assemblies 8 to move, so as to obtain the required seeding row distance between two adjacent automatic seeding modules 200, wherein the distance adjusting assembly 8 comprises a moving seat 81, an oil cylinder 82, a driving thread block 83, a driven thread block 84, a driving rack 85, a driven rack 86 and a transmission gear 87, the moving seat 81 is slidably arranged on the trailer frame 100, the driving thread block 83 and the driven thread block 84 are oppositely arranged and are respectively provided with a thread groove matched with the screw rod 7, the driving thread block 83, the driven thread block 84 and the driving rack 85 are slidably arranged on the moving seat 81, the oil cylinder 82 is fixed on the moving seat 81, the piston rod of the oil cylinder 82 is respectively connected with the driving thread block 83 and the driving rack 85, the driven rack 86 is fixed on the driven thread block 84, the transmission gear 87 is clamped between the driving rack 85 and the driven rack 86, and the sliding frame 1 is connected with the corresponding moving seat 81. Specifically, in the process of adjusting the spacing, the motor 6 drives the screw 7 to rotate, and because the automatic seeding modules 200 at different positions have different distances to move, the driving thread block 83 and the driven thread block 84 in the spacing adjustment assembly 8 corresponding to the automatic seeding module 200 to be moved are close to each other and in threaded connection with the screw 7, the driving thread block 83 and the driven thread block 84 form a nut structure, so that the screw 7 can be rotated to drive the moving seat 81 to move, so as to drive the automatic seeding module 200 connected with the moving seat 81 to move, and after the automatic seeding module 200 is moved in place, the oil cylinder 82 drives the driving thread block 83 and the driven thread block 84 to be away from each other, so that the driving thread block 83 and the driven thread block 84 are separated from the screw 7, and thus, the corresponding automatic seeding module 200 can be fixed in position. Preferably, in order to position the automatic seeding module 200, the spacing adjustment assembly 8 further comprises a positioning member 88, the oil cylinder 82 is a double-head oil cylinder, a piston rod of the double-head oil cylinder is respectively connected with the driving thread block 83 and the driving rack 85, the other piston rod of the double-ended cylinder is connected to the positioning member 88, and the trailer frame 100 is further provided with a positioning fitting portion (not shown) for positioning the positioning member 88, after the automatic seeding module 200 is moved to the right position, the double-ended cylinder is moved in reverse, so that the active thread block 83 and the passive thread block 84 are separated from each other, and the positioning member 88 is moved to the positioning engagement portion, to position the automated seeding module 200 by the positioning member 88 engaging with the positioning engagement portion, to ensure that the automated seeding module 200 does not move on the trailer frame 100 during the seeding process; the positioning member 88 and the positioning engagement portion are friction plates to be positioned by friction force; or, the positioning element 88 is a positioning pin, the positioning matching part is a positioning hole arranged on the trailer frame, a plurality of positioning holes are distributed on the trailer frame 100 along the extending direction of the screw 7, and the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole to realize positioning. In addition, in order to ensure smooth sliding of the carriage 1, the trailer frame 100 is provided with a plurality of guide bars (not numbered) on which the carriage 1 is slidably provided.

Further, in order to better realize pre-grooving operation to meet different soil conditions and seeding requirements, the soil-shifting assembly 4 at the front end of the sliding frame 1 may be additionally configured with a variable speed adjusting assembly 43, specifically, the soil-shifting assembly 4 further includes a variable speed adjusting assembly 43, the variable speed adjusting assembly 43 includes a power input shaft 431 and an acceleration size adjusting assembly 432, the power input shaft 431 is rotatably mounted on the base 41, the power input shaft 431 is in transmission connection with the crank 421, and the power input shaft 431 is in transmission connection with a second motor; the acceleration size adjusting assembly 432 includes a first mounting frame 4321, a first motor 4322, a lead screw 4323, an eccentric seat 4324, an H-shaped mounting frame 4325, a first rotating arm 4326, a second rotating arm 4327 and a shaft sleeve 4328, wherein the first motor 4322 is disposed on the first mounting frame 4321 and is in transmission connection with the lead screw 4323, the lead screw 4323 is rotatably disposed on the first mounting frame 4321, the eccentric seat 4324 is slidably disposed on the first mounting frame 4321, a threaded hole is formed in the eccentric seat 4324, the lead screw 4323 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, the H-shaped mounting frame 4325 is rotatably disposed on the eccentric seat 4324, the shaft sleeve 4328 is sleeved on the power input shaft 431, one end of the first rotating arm 4326 is disposed on the shaft sleeve 4328, and the other end of the first rotating arm 4326 is slidably disposed in a sliding slot formed by the H-shaped mounting frame 4325, one end of the second rotating arm 4327 is disposed on the power input shaft 431, and the other end of the second rotating arm 4327 is slidably disposed in another sliding groove formed by the H-shaped mounting bracket 4325; the shaft sleeve 4328 is in transmission connection with the crank 421. Specifically, the first motor 4322 drives the lead screw 4323 to rotate, so that the eccentric seat 4324 drives the H-shaped mounting frame 4325 to move, and the rotational axis of the H-shaped mounting frame 4325 is deviated from the axis of the power input shaft 431, and thus the distances between the first rotating arm 4326 and the second rotating arm 4327 and the rotational axis of the H-shaped mounting frame 4325 are changed, the power input shaft 431 drives the second rotating arm 4327 to rotate during the rotation of the power input shaft 431, the second rotating arm 4327 drives the shaft sleeve 4328 to rotate, and the crank 421 is driven to rotate by the shaft sleeve 4328, and since the rotational radii of the ends of the H-shaped mounting frame 4325, which are in contact with the H-shaped mounting frame 4325, are different after the rotational axis of the H-shaped mounting frame 4325 is deviated from the axis of the power input shaft 431, the rotational speeds of the second rotating arm 4327 at different positions are different during the uniform rotation of the power input shaft 431, thereby realize the variable speed rotation of crank 421, at the in-process of ingrowing, can make the rotational speed of crank 421 accelerate to produce the planting groove of impact with soil impact to both sides acquisition required degree of depth through dialling native board 40 to the soil layer. Preferably, for planting depth requirements of different seeds, the speed change position of the soil shifting plate 40 entering the soil layer needs to be adjusted, the variable speed adjusting assembly 43 further includes an angle adjusting assembly 433, the angle adjusting assembly 433 includes a second mounting bracket 4331, a second motor 4332, a worm 4333 and a worm wheel 4334, the second mounting bracket 4331 is fixed on the base 41, a circular hole is provided on the second mounting bracket 4331, the worm wheel 4334 is located in the circular hole, the worm 4333 is engaged with the worm wheel 4334, the second motor 4332 is in transmission connection with the worm 4333, a guide groove 43341 is provided on the worm wheel 4334, the eccentric seat 4324 is slidably disposed in the guide groove 43341, and the first mounting bracket 4321 is fixed on the worm wheel 4334. Specifically, the speed change of the crank 421 can be controlled by controlling the horizontal distance between the axis of the rotating shaft of the H-shaped mounting frame 4325 and the power input shaft 431, and the position of the speed change point of the crank 421 can be adjusted by adjusting the vertical distance between the axis of the rotating shaft of the H-shaped mounting frame 4325 and the power input shaft 431, and the second motor 4332 drives the worm 4333 to rotate so as to rotate the worm 4334, so that the guide groove 43341 is inclined, and the eccentric seat 4324 can control the axis of the rotating shaft of the H-shaped mounting frame 4325 to move in an inclined manner in the moving process so as to adjust the position of the speed change point of the crank 421 to be matched with the position of the soil shifting plate 40. Wherein, because the amount of deflection of the eccentric seat 4324 adjusted by the worm 4333 and the worm wheel 4334 is limited, when the adjustment range is exceeded, the adjustment is required by the following structure: the shaft sleeve 4328 is provided with a detachable first gear 43281, the power input shaft 431 is provided with a rotatable turntable 4329, the turntable 4329 is further provided with a second gear 43291 which is meshed with the first gear 43281, the other end of the first rotary arm 4326 is inserted into the second gear 4329 through a pin, and specifically, in the assembling process, after the initial positions of the shaft sleeve 4328 and the turntable 4329 are adjusted, the first gear 43281 is fixed on the shaft sleeve 4328, and meanwhile, the second gear 43291 is fixed on the turntable 4329, so that the shaft sleeve 4328 and the turntable 4329 are fixedly connected together, and thus, the initial position of the first rotary arm 4326 can be adjusted in a large range to be finely adjusted by the worm gear 334 and the worm 333 within an adjustable range. In addition, the rotatable setting of the upper end of dialling native board 40 can also be provided with the extension spring (not mark) on connecting rod 422 between dialling native board 40 and the connecting rod 422, in the use, if meet the stone and block its when removing, then the extension spring can be pulled to the native board 40 and rotate to avoid dialling native board 40 by the card and cause transmission member's damage.

Further, in order to convey seeds in the feeder 32 in a quantitative manner, a distributor 36 is arranged on the discharge port 21, the distributor 36 includes a base 361, a cell wheel 362 and an upper cover 363, semicircular grooves are respectively formed on the upper surface of the base 361 and the lower surface of the upper cover 363, the upper cover 363 is fixed on the base 361, the two semicircular grooves form a disc-shaped cavity, a connecting hole (not marked) for communicating the discharge port with the semicircular grooves is further formed on the upper surface of the upper cover 363, a discharge port (not marked) for communicating the semicircular grooves is formed on the lower surface of the base 361, and the cell wheel 362 is rotatably mounted on the base 361 and located in the disc-shaped cavity; the base 361 is fixed on the supporting frame 31 and is positioned right above the feeder 32, and the discharge port and the hopper structure are arranged oppositely up and down. In particular, the pockets of the pocket wheel 362 are distributed around its circumference to receive individual seeds, and the pocket wheel 362 rotates within the disc-shaped chamber to prevent the seeds from escaping from the pockets until the pockets of the pocket wheel 362 rotate to the lower discharge port, where the seeds escape from the pockets into the feeder 32. While the two rotating blocks 321 in the feeding device 32 are synchronously rotated in opposite directions, synchronous wheels can be used, and preferably, the synchronous mechanism is a sector-shaped tooth 324 arranged on the rotating blocks 321, and the two sector-shaped teeth 324 are meshed with each other. In addition, for more smoothly guiding the movement of the sowing mechanism 34, the guiding mechanism 33 further comprises an annular enclosure, the inner wall of the annular enclosure is provided with an auxiliary annular guiding groove 332, and the guiding track of the auxiliary annular guiding groove 332 is the same as the guiding track of the annular guiding groove 331. Specifically, the sliding seat 342 is provided with guide posts 3421 on both sides thereof, wherein one guide post 3421 is slidably disposed on the annular guide groove 331, and the other guide post 3421 is slidably disposed on the auxiliary annular guide groove 332.

The utility model discloses an above-mentioned automatic farming machine's application method, include: the automatic farming machine is dragged to move ahead in-process, the moving direction and the speed of carriage and spill guide slot portion seeding mechanism's moving direction are opposite and the speed size is the same, dig out earlier the planting groove on planting the ground at the subassembly of stirring, seeding mechanism rotates the in-process around the annular guide way, seeding mechanism will collide the projecting part of feeding device and make the seed in the feeding device fall into the carriage, and simultaneously, under the guide effect of annular guide way, the sliding seat will drive the income soil awl and insert earlier in the earth of planting the groove then pull out from earth again, and pull out the in-process at the income soil awl, the deflector will control the income soil awl and open the seed completion seeding in the release carriage.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses an advantage is with positive effect: the utility model provides an automatic farming machine, through setting up the subassembly of digging at the front end portion and the rear end portion of carriage, through the rotation direction of the board of digging in the subassembly of digging of control front end portion, make the board of digging of front end portion can dig out the planting groove of certain degree of depth on the soil layer, like this, more be favorable to planting the seed in the soil layer of required degree of depth through automatic disseminator, and is the same, the board of digging of rear end portion subassembly can fill out soil to the planting groove after the seeding, realizes automatic digging and filling out soil; and the sliding seat in the seeding mechanism can drive the awl of burying along the direction of annular guide way and reciprocate, and at the in-process that the awl of burying reciprocated, the guide post cooperates with the direction spout, realizes the switching of the awl of burying, and overall structure form is simple to, utilize the mode of mechanical direction to control the reciprocating and opening and shutting of the awl of burying, can effectual improvement use reliability, realize improving planting efficiency and planting effect, and improve equipment use reliability. Can control the telescopic machanism among the electronic limit for depth subassembly through the controller and remove, in order to realize adjusting limit for depth degree, the controller drives the subassembly of hoeing according to the signal control lift platform of distance sensor feedback and reciprocates, like this, alright with the degree of depth of planting the groove in excavation of control subassembly of hoeing, remove the in-process at the frame, electronic limit for depth subassembly can feed back limit for depth degree signal in real time through distance sensor, thereby can be through the dynamic regulation lift platform of controller with the degree of depth of control planting the groove, furthest's requirement that satisfies the seeding degree of depth uniformity.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.

Claims

1. An automatic farming machine, characterized by comprising: the automatic seeding device comprises a trailer frame, and a seed storage box and a plurality of automatic seeding modules which are arranged on the trailer frame;

the seed storage box is arranged above the automatic sowing modules, and a plurality of discharge holes for conveying seeds to the corresponding automatic sowing modules are formed in the bottom of the seed storage box;

the automatic sowing module comprises a sliding frame, an automatic sowing device and two soil shifting assemblies, wherein the automatic sowing device and the two soil shifting assemblies are arranged on the sliding frame; the lower part of the front end and the lower part of the rear end of the sliding frame are respectively provided with the soil shifting assembly, and the automatic seeder is arranged at the lower part of the middle section of the sliding frame;

the soil shifting assembly comprises a base, a hinge four-bar mechanism and a soil shifting plate, the base is arranged on the sliding frame, the hinge four-bar mechanism is installed on the base, and the soil shifting plate is arranged on a connecting rod of the hinge four-bar mechanism; the soil shifting plate in the soil shifting assembly positioned at the front end of the sliding frame is a hoe, the soil shifting direction of the hoe is opposite to the moving direction of the sliding frame, and the hinge four-bar mechanism in the soil shifting assembly positioned at the front end of the sliding frame is a crank-rocker mechanism; in addition, be located the carriage rear end stir in the subassembly stir native board is the soil spade, the soil spade stir the earth direction with the moving direction of carriage is the same.

2. The automatic agricultural cultivator of claim 1, wherein the automatic seeder comprises a support frame, a feeder, a guide mechanism and a plurality of seeding mechanisms, the support frame is fixed on the carriage; the feeding device is positioned below the discharge port and comprises two rotating blocks, the two rotating blocks are oppositely arranged and rotatably mounted on the supporting frame, conical grooves are formed in opposite surfaces of the two rotating blocks, the two conical grooves are combined to form a funnel structure used for receiving seeds conveyed from the discharge port, a downward extending protruding portion is arranged at the bottom of one rotating block and used for being collided by the sowing mechanism to drive the two rotating blocks to rotate, and the feeding device further comprises a synchronizing mechanism used for controlling the two rotating blocks to synchronously and reversely rotate; the guide mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the support frame and comprises an annular guide groove, and the annular guide groove comprises a horizontal guide groove part and a concave guide groove part which is sunken downwards; the seeding mechanism comprises a conveying cylinder, a sliding seat, an earth-entering cone and a guide plate, wherein the sliding seat can slide up and down relative to the conveying cylinder, the sliding seat is also provided with a guide post which is arranged on the annular guide groove in a sliding manner, the earth-entering cone comprises two semi-conical housings which are oppositely arranged, the two semi-conical housings are rotatably arranged on two sides of the sliding seat, the outer wall of each semi-conical housing is also provided with a guide sliding groove which comprises a vertical sliding groove and an arc-shaped sliding groove which are connected together, the guide plate is fixed on the conveying cylinder, the guide plate is provided with two guide blocks, and the guide blocks are inserted into the corresponding guide sliding grooves and used for controlling the two semi-conical housings to open and close; when the two semi-conical housings are in a closed state, the soil entering cone is of a cone-shaped cylinder structure with the lower end closed and the upper end opened, and the lower end of the conveying cylinder is inserted into the cone-shaped cylinder structure; the sliding frame is further provided with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used for driving the conveying cylinder to move around the annular guide groove, and the driving mechanism is further used for driving the crank of the hinge four-bar mechanism to rotate.

3. The automatic agricultural cultivator of claim 1, wherein a rotatable lead screw is arranged at one end of the trailer frame, and a motor for driving the lead screw to rotate is further arranged on the trailer frame; the interval adjustment subassembly is including removing seat, hydro-cylinder, initiative thread piece, passive thread piece, initiative rack, passive rack and drive gear, it slides and sets up to remove the seat on the trailer frame, initiative thread piece with passive thread piece relative arrangement and be provided with respectively with lead screw complex thread groove, initiative thread piece passive thread piece with initiative rack slidable sets up remove on the seat, the hydro-cylinder is fixed remove on the seat, the piston rod of hydro-cylinder respectively with initiative thread piece with the initiative rack is connected, passive rack is fixed on the passive thread piece, drive gear presss from both sides initiative rack with between the passive rack, the carriage with correspond remove the seat and connect.

4. The automatic agricultural cultivator of claim 3, wherein the spacing adjustment assembly further comprises a positioning member, the oil cylinder is a double-head oil cylinder, a piston rod of the double-head oil cylinder is connected with the driving thread block and the driving rack respectively, another piston rod of the double-head oil cylinder is connected with the positioning member, and the trailer frame is further provided with a positioning matching portion for positioning the positioning member.