CN210030982U

CN210030982U - Ultra-high temperature graphitizing furnace

Info

Publication number: CN210030982U
Application number: CN201920698054.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘永华
Original assignee: Xi'an Furuida Technology Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Furuida Technology Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-15
Filing date: 2019-05-15
Publication date: 2020-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-15

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ultra-temperature graphitizing furnace, including horizontal furnace body shell, the furnace body shell both ends are provided with the furnace nozzle that is used for the carbon fiber business turn over, the horizontal hollow graphite heat-generating body that supplies the carbon fiber to pass that is fixed with in furnace body shell middle part, the one end of graphite heat-generating body be the free end, and the other end of graphite heat-generating body is connected with two and draws electric installation, and outside the outer wall that the tip that draws electric installation runs through furnace body shell one end extended to furnace body shell one end, the tip that draws electric installation was located the furnace nozzle of furnace body shell one end, the tip that draws electric installation with set up in the outside rectifier transformer electricity of furnace body shell and be connected, it has thermal-insulated insulation material to fill between graphite heat-generating. Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the effectual whole airtight problem of damaging with the heat-generating body inflation of equipment of having solved has reached the purpose of continuous use, simultaneously because its simple project organization, the manufacturing cost and the operation maintenance cost greatly reduced who makes this type of equipment.

Description

Ultra-high temperature graphitizing furnace

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a high temperature retort field, especially an ultra-temperature graphitizing furnace.

Background

The graphitizing furnace is a key device for manufacturing graphite fibers, wherein the graphite fibers refer to carbon fibers with carbon content of more than 99 percent and are obtained by graphitizing the carbon fibers at a high temperature of 2200-3000 ℃. Compared with carbon fiber, the graphite fiber has the advantages of high carbon content, high tensile modulus, small expansion coefficient, good thermal stability, stable size and the like. The method is widely applied to the field of artificial satellites and the like used in space environment.

At present, few enterprises capable of manufacturing the ultrahigh-temperature graphitizing furnace adopt an induction heating mode. However, the existing induction type graphitizing furnace has the following disadvantages:

1. the magnetic field generated by the induction coil inductively heats the heating element and the processed material (carbon fiber), so that the temperature of the heating element tested by the infrared instrument is not equal to the temperature of the processed material, namely the temperature of the processed material cannot be accurately measured;

2. because the induction coil is in the form of a water-cooling copper pipe, the induction coil cannot bear high temperature. Therefore, the induction coil can only be arranged on the outer side of the heat-insulating material, and a pair of spear shield bodies which are difficult to solve appears, namely the heat-insulating material is designed to be thicker as well as thicker for achieving the purposes of saving energy and reducing consumption for good heat-insulating performance. However, the farther the induction coil is from the heated object (heating element, material to be processed), the lower the electric efficiency, so the induction heating type graphitization furnace can only balance the two, and cannot give consideration to both.

3. Because the processed material is carbon fiber, volatile substances of the processed material can be deposited and condensed on the outer surface of the induction coil with lower temperature. But it is conductive and will quickly break the insulation on the outer surface of the inductor to form a turn-to-turn short circuit. Rendering the device inoperable.

In summary, there is no continuous induction graphitization furnace that can be operated continuously (fifteen days or more).

At present, there is also a Tamm-type resistance furnace which is a graphitizing furnace in the form of direct electrical heating. Namely, low voltage is directly applied to two ends of the furnace body, so that the heating element passes large current to achieve the heating purpose. See ISBN978-7-122 and 08802-4. The connection problem of the water-cooled electrodes at the two ends of the furnace body and the heating element assembly is as follows: graphite exothermic bodies expand at high temperatures, particularly 2800 c for graphitization. Therefore, the combination of the water-cooled electrode and the end part of the graphite heating tube can meet the requirement of electric conduction (thousands of amperes on large current) and can also enable the heating element to expand. Two structural forms therefore occur: the water-cooled electrode is fixed at the end part of the graphite heating tube and the water-cooled electrode is fixed at the two ends of the furnace body.

The structure that the water-cooling electrode is fixed at the end part of the graphite heating tube can effectively solve the problem that the graphite heating tube can release high-temperature expansion amount, but the end part of the graphite heating tube has high working temperature and cannot be effectively sealed with the end part of the furnace body. Air can enter the furnace, and the heating tube is quickly oxidized and loses efficacy. The continuous operation time is extremely short, the longest is half a month, and the shortest is less than one day. The water-cooled electrodes are fixed at the two ends of the furnace body in an installation mode of interference fit of the water-cooled electrodes and the ends of the graphite heating tubes. Therefore, the requirements on the processing precision, the assembly process and the assembly personnel of the electrode and the graphite are higher. If the assembly is good, the assembly can be continuously used for one month, and if the assembly is not good, the preset working temperature is not reached, the expansion amount cannot be released, so that the graphite heating element is mechanically damaged, broken or arc-struck to damage the water-cooled electrode. And the water-cooled electrode is formed by welding pure copper, so that the manufacturing difficulty is high and the cost is high.

Therefore, there is a need to develop an ultra-high temperature graphitization furnace to solve the above technical problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a solve exist among the prior art not enough, provide a simple structure, maintain convenient, the continuous use cycle long, synthesize the ultra-high temperature graphitization stove that has reduced the manufacturing and the running cost of this type of equipment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model is implemented according to the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an ultra-high temperature graphitizing furnace, includes horizontal furnace body shell, and furnace body shell both ends are provided with the furnace mouth that is used for the carbon fiber business turn over, the furnace body shell middle part transversely is fixed with the hollow graphite heat-generating body that supplies the carbon fiber to pass, and the one end of graphite heat-generating body is the free end, and the other end of graphite heat-generating body is connected with two and draws electric installation, and outside the outer wall that the tip that draws electric installation runs through furnace body shell one end extended to furnace body shell one end, the tip of drawing electric installation was located the furnace mouth of furnace body shell one end, the tip that draws electric installation with set up in the outside rectifier transformer electricity of furnace body shell and be connected, it has thermal-insulated insulation material to.

Further, the electricity leading device comprises an electrode, one end of the electrode is fixed to the other end of the graphite heating body through a nut, the other end of the electrode penetrates through the outer wall of one end of the furnace body shell and then extends into the furnace mouth, an insulating sealing gasket is arranged at the joint of the electrode and the furnace body shell, a water-cooling copper bar is fixed to the outer wall of the other end of the electrode through the nut, and the two water-cooling copper bars are connected with the output end of the rectifier transformer.

Further, a water-cooling jacket is arranged on the furnace wall of the furnace body shell.

Further, the gas seal device sets up a set of pressure equalizing chamber that both ends face and violently manage inside intercommunication about violently managing including connecting violently pipe, the symmetry that the stove mouth tip just supplied the carbon fiber to pass, setting up perpendicularly in the outside intake pipe on pressure equalizing chamber top, outside intake pipe tip links to each other with high-purity nitrogen gas air supply system's gas outlet.

Furthermore, the heat insulation material is supported by a protection pipe sleeved outside the graphite heating body, the bottom of the free end of the graphite heating body is fixed on the inner wall of the bottom of the protection pipe through an insulating support, and the bottoms of the two ends of the protection pipe are fixed through the insulating support fixed on the bottom in the furnace body shell.

Preferably, at least two groups of pressure equalizing cavities are arranged on the transverse tube.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model utilizes the direct current of low-voltage heavy current which is introduced on the graphite heating element, the low-voltage heavy current is generated by a rectifier transformer, the low-voltage heavy current is introduced into the furnace body through the electricity leading device which is positioned at one end of the furnace body and is connected to the graphite heating element to lead the graphite heating element to generate heat, thereby achieving the purpose of generating a 2800 ℃ high-temperature field, the electricity leading device has the advantages of effectively solving the sealing problem of the whole furnace body, and simultaneously has the characteristics of simple structure, reliable use and low manufacturing cost; in addition, because one end of the graphite heating element is connected with the electricity leading device, and the other end is a free end, the unique structural design completely avoids the problem that the graphite heating element can not release and damage the heating element due to the temperature rise expansion stress; the peripheral heat insulation material is supported by the protective tube, so that the effects of good heat insulation and uniform thermal field are achieved.

To summarize, the utility model discloses the effectual whole airtight and heat-generating body inflation of equipment of having solved damages problem has reached the purpose of continuous use, simultaneously because its simple project organization, make the manufacturing cost and the operation maintenance cost greatly reduced of this type of equipment.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the power-on device.

Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a connection structure of the charging device and the rectifier transformer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present embodiment provides an ultra-high temperature graphitization furnace, which includes a horizontal furnace body shell 2, the furnace body shell 2 is made of carbon steel or stainless steel, furnace mouths 6 for the carbon fibers 11 to enter and exit are arranged at two ends of the furnace body shell 2, a hollow graphite heating element 1 for the carbon fibers 11 to pass through is transversely fixed in the middle of the furnace body shell 2, one end of the graphite heating element 1 is a free end, the other end of the graphite heating element 1 is connected with two power-leading devices 4, the end of the power-leading device 4 penetrates through the outer wall of one end of the furnace body shell 2 and extends out of one end of the furnace body shell 2, the end of the power-leading device 4 is located in the furnace mouth 6 at one end of the furnace body shell 2, the end of the power-leading device 4 is electrically connected with a rectifier transformer 12 arranged outside the furnace body shell 2, specifically, the power-leading device 4 includes an electrode 41, the other end of the electrode 41 penetrates through the outer wall of one end of the furnace body shell 2 and then extends into the furnace mouth 6, an insulating sealing gasket 43 is arranged at the joint of the electrode 41 and the furnace body shell 2, a water-cooling copper bar 44 is fixed on the outer wall of the other end of the electrode 41 through a nut 42, and the two water-cooling copper bars 44 are connected with the output end of the rectifier transformer 12; the furnace comprises a furnace body shell 2, a furnace mouth 6 and a graphite heating body 1, wherein a heat insulation material 7 is filled between the outer wall of the graphite heating body 1 and the inner wall of the furnace body shell 2, the heat insulation material 7 is supported by a protection tube 3 sleeved outside the graphite heating body 1, the bottom of the free end of the graphite heating body 1 is fixed on the inner wall of the bottom of the protection tube 3 through an insulation support 5, the bottoms of two ends of the protection tube 3 are fixed through the insulation support 5 fixed on the bottom in the furnace body shell.

In the practical use process, the furnace wall of the furnace body shell 2 is provided with a water-cooling jacket, the water-cooling jacket can be in an outer water-cooling jacket form or an inner water-cooling jacket form, the furnace body shell can be directly assembled according to the prior art, the finished product of the furnace body shell can also be directly purchased, and the water-cooling jacket form is used for cooling the furnace body shell 2.

In the in-service use process, the atmoseal device sets up in a set of pressure-equalizing chamber 9 of violently managing 8 upper and lower both ends face and violently managing 8 inside intercommunication including connecting violently pipe 8, the symmetry that 6 tip of furnace nose and supply carbon fiber 5 to pass, the outside intake pipe 10 that sets up perpendicularly on pressure-equalizing chamber 9 top, and outside intake pipe 10 tip links to each other with the gas outlet of high-purity nitrogen gas air supply system (not drawn in the picture), and the concrete principle is: the high-purity nitrogen gas supply system leads high-purity nitrogen gas into an external gas inlet pipe 10, then the pressure of the high-purity nitrogen gas is balanced through a pressure equalizing cavity 9, then stable airflow is formed and blown downwards perpendicular to a transverse pipe, and an air curtain is formed by blowing the high-purity nitrogen gas upwards and downwards simultaneously, so that the external gas is prevented from entering the furnace body shell 2 through a furnace mouth. Further, in order to make the air seal effect better, the pressure equalizing cavities 9 on the transverse pipes 8 are at least provided with two groups, of course, each pressure equalizing cavity 9 is connected with an external air inlet pipe 10, and thus, a plurality of air curtains can be formed.

When in use, firstly, the carbon fiber 5 sequentially passes through the transverse pipe 8, the furnace mouth 6 and the graphite heating element 1 from one end of the furnace body shell 2 and then passes out of the transverse pipe 8 at the other end, then a high-purity nitrogen gas supply system is started to form an air curtain in an air seal device so as to form a sealing effect, then direct current with low voltage and large current generated by a rectifier transformer is introduced into the furnace body through the electricity leading device at one end of the furnace body shell 2 and is connected to the graphite heating element 1 so as to heat the graphite heating element 1, and the aim of generating a 2800 ℃ high-temperature field is fulfilled; in addition, because one end of the graphite heating element 1 is connected with the electricity leading device, and the other end is a free end, the unique structural design completely avoids the problem that the graphite heating element can not release and damage the heating element due to the temperature rise expansion stress; the peripheral heat insulation material is supported by the protective tube, so that the effects of good heat insulation and uniform thermal field are achieved.

The technical scheme of the utility model is not limited to the restriction of above-mentioned specific embodiment, all according to the utility model discloses a technical scheme makes technical deformation, all falls into within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an ultra-high temperature graphitizing furnace, includes horizontal furnace body shell, and furnace body shell both ends are provided with the furnace mouth that is used for the carbon fiber business turn over, its characterized in that: the carbon fiber heating furnace is characterized in that a hollow graphite heating body for carbon fibers to penetrate through is transversely fixed in the middle of the furnace body shell, one end of the graphite heating body is a free end, the other end of the graphite heating body is connected with two electricity leading devices, the end parts of the electricity leading devices penetrate through the outer wall of one end of the furnace body shell and extend out of one end of the furnace body shell, the end parts of the electricity leading devices are located in a furnace nozzle at one end of the furnace body shell, the end parts of the electricity leading devices are electrically connected with a rectifier transformer arranged outside the furnace body shell, a heat insulation material is filled between the outer wall of the graphite heating body and the.

2. The ultra-high temperature graphitization furnace as recited in claim 1, wherein: the electric conduction device comprises an electrode, one end of the electrode is fixed to the other end of the graphite heating body through a nut, the other end of the electrode penetrates through the outer wall of one end of the furnace body shell and then extends into the furnace mouth, an insulating sealing gasket is arranged at the joint of the electrode and the furnace body shell, a water-cooling copper bar is fixed to the outer wall of the other end of the electrode through the nut, and the two water-cooling copper bars are connected with the output end of the rectifier transformer.

3. The ultra-high temperature graphitization furnace as recited in claim 1, wherein: the furnace wall of the furnace body shell is provided with a water-cooling jacket.

4. The ultra-high temperature graphitization furnace as recited in claim 1, wherein: the gas seal device comprises a transverse pipe connected to the end part of the furnace nozzle and used for carbon fibers to pass through, a set of pressure equalizing cavities symmetrically arranged on the upper end face and the lower end face of the transverse pipe and communicated with the inner part of the transverse pipe, an external air inlet pipe vertically arranged at the top end of the pressure equalizing cavities, and the end part of the external air inlet pipe is connected with the gas outlet of the high-purity nitrogen gas supply system.

5. The ultra-high temperature graphitization furnace as recited in claim 1, wherein: the heat insulation material is supported by a protection tube sleeved outside the graphite heating element, the bottom of the free end of the graphite heating element is fixed on the inner wall of the bottom of the protection tube through an insulation support, and the bottoms of the two ends of the protection tube are fixed through the insulation support fixed on the bottom in the furnace body shell.

6. The ultra-high temperature graphitization furnace as recited in claim 4, wherein: at least two groups of pressure equalizing cavities are arranged on the transverse pipe.