CN210001595U - Structure of continuous graphitizing furnace using carbon raw materials - Google Patents
Structure of continuous graphitizing furnace using carbon raw materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN210001595U CN210001595U CN201920655069.6U CN201920655069U CN210001595U CN 210001595 U CN210001595 U CN 210001595U CN 201920655069 U CN201920655069 U CN 201920655069U CN 210001595 U CN210001595 U CN 210001595U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a continuous graphitizing furnace structure of plain raw materials, this graphitizing furnace chamber are hollow cylinder structure, and the bell is established at the furnace chamber top, are equipped with auxiliary material loading hopper and blast pipe on the bell, and the protection of refractory material inside lining is established on furnace chamber upper portion, and furnace wall cooling water jacket is established to the furnace chamber lower part, and water-cooling disc and auxiliary material row material mechanism are established to the furnace chamber bottom, and refractory material has been built by laying bricks or stones to the bell inboard, puts at the furnace chamber central point and is equipped with graphite crucible, and auxiliary material loading hopper is stretched out on graphite crucible upper portion, and graphite crucible top sets up crucible cover and raw materials loading hopper, and graphite crucible bottom sets up crucible base, product material receiving hopper, product row material mechanism and air-lock valve.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technical measure and a structure which are adopted aiming at the current situation that the graphitization of carbon raw materials needs to reach more than 2800 ℃ and the refractory material can not bear the high temperature of .
Background
At present, three types of vertical furnaces capable of continuously discharging materials are used for high-temperature heat treatment of carbon raw materials in China, types of vertical furnaces are common-temperature electric calcining furnaces using special high-alumina bricks as heat-preservation linings, the heat treatment temperature is 1500-2000 ℃, the second type of vertical furnaces are high-temperature electric calcining furnaces using carbon linings as heat preservation, the heat treatment temperature is 2000-2500 ℃, the two types of furnaces cannot meet the requirement of high-temperature heat treatment of 2800 ℃ needed by complete graphitization of the carbon raw materials, the adopted types of furnaces not only reduce the current efficiency but also have short service life because the carbon linings belong to conductive materials, and the third type of vertical continuous graphitization furnaces is a traditional vertical continuous graphitization furnace, the furnace type raw materials and the heat-preservation materials are not strictly separated, the granularity of the raw materials and the heat-preservation materials is different, but other physicochemical properties are completely , otherwise, the raw materials are possibly polluted by the heat-preservation materials, a small amount of raw materials are possibly contacted with refractory materials to cause pollution, so that the furnace type of the furnace is only suitable for the raw materials with low requirement on product purity.
In order to raise the heat treatment temperature of the carbon raw material, graphitize the carbon raw material, ensure that the raw material is not polluted, reduce energy consumption, improve labor conditions, reduce construction investment and prolong the service life of the furnace, the existing high-temperature heat treatment technology of the carbon raw material and the equipment structure thereof need to be changed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing an continuous graphitizing furnace structures of plain raw materials of charcoal, utilize the built-in graphite crucible of the plain raw materials continuous graphitizing furnace circular telegram of charcoal, make the plain raw materials heating of charcoal in the graphite crucible reach and realize the graphitization more than 2800 ℃, raw materials and auxiliary material all arrange material and feed in succession in respective airtight space simultaneously, avoid plain raw materials of charcoal to be contaminated, and stove and graphite crucible temperature are in basic stable state, thereby can reduce plain raw materials of charcoal and graphite crucible oxidation loss, reduce energy consumption, improve working conditions, make the refractory material inside lining work under lower temperature condition, prolong stove life.
The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the furnace chamber of the graphitization furnace is of a hollow cylinder structure, the top of the furnace chamber is provided with a furnace cover, and the furnace cover is provided with an auxiliary material feeding hopper and an exhaust pipe; the upper part of the furnace chamber is provided with a refractory material lining for protection, the lower part of the furnace chamber is provided with a furnace wall cooling water jacket, and the bottom of the furnace chamber is provided with a water cooling disc and an auxiliary material discharging mechanism; a refractory material is built inside the furnace cover; a graphite crucible is arranged in the center of the furnace chamber, an auxiliary material feeding hopper extends out of the upper part of the graphite crucible, and a crucible gland and a raw material feeding hopper are arranged at the top of the graphite crucible; the bottom of the graphite crucible is provided with a crucible base, a product receiving hopper, a product discharging mechanism and an air locking valve.
Graphite crucible, gland and base are the cylinder, be provided with a plurality of circular passageways along length direction, graphite crucible comprises the multistage, be provided with the graphite gasket between each section graphite crucible, between raw materials loading hopper and the gland, between gland and the crucible top, be provided with insulating pad between crucible bottom and the base and between base and the product hopper, be provided with a plurality of round holes on graphite gasket and the insulating pad, thereby each section crucible, thereby the circular passageway of gland and base aligns with the round hole of graphite gasket and insulating pad and forms raw materials top-down's passageway, the crucible base is provided with the support, the crucible gland outside is provided with straining device, ensure that each section crucible can the in close contact with, reduce contact resistance.
Electrode holders are arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the graphite crucible, power is supplied to the crucible through the electrode holders, and the lower electrode holder is provided with a cooling water jacket. The distance between the raw material hopper and the upper electrode holder is long enough to reduce the oxidation of the graphite crucible and the raw material in the high temperature region through material sealing. The lower part of the graphite crucible is provided with a cooling water jacket which extends out of a furnace bottom water-cooling disc, the crucible base and the product receiving hopper are provided with the cooling water jacket to ensure that products discharged by the product discharging mechanism are fully cooled and are not oxidized by air, an outlet of the product discharging mechanism is provided with an air locking valve to ensure that air does not enter a high-temperature area of the graphite crucible, the graphite crucible in the high-temperature area and the graphite product oxidation are reduced, the product discharging mechanism at the bottom of the graphite crucible is provided with a variable frequency speed regulating device to control the raw material heat treatment time and effectively control the graphite product quality.
An auxiliary material feeding hopper and an exhaust pipe are arranged on the outer side of a graphite crucible on a furnace cover of the graphitization furnace, the lower part of the auxiliary material feeding hopper is connected with the furnace cover of the continuous graphitization furnace, the lower part of the auxiliary material feeding hopper is circular, the diameter of the auxiliary material feeding hopper is smaller than that of the inner wall of the graphitization furnace, a triangular annular exhaust channel is formed around the lower part of the furnace cover by utilizing the natural repose angle of the auxiliary material, the exhaust channel is connected with the exhaust pipe, gaseous substances escaping in the heat treatment process of the carbon auxiliary material are discharged out of the furnace through the. The auxiliary material loading hopper has enough height, reduces the outside air through the material seal and gets into in the stove, avoids the gaseous state material that overflows in the auxiliary material heat treatment process to cause environmental pollution from the auxiliary material loading hopper top discharge stove simultaneously. The lower part of the furnace chamber is provided with a furnace wall cooling water jacket, and the outer side of the graphite crucible below the water jacket is provided with a water-cooling disc and a discharging mechanism, so that the auxiliary material is fully cooled and cooled, and the auxiliary material is prevented from being oxidized when being discharged from the furnace.
Carbon raw materials are added into a raw material feeding hopper, enter a product receiving hopper through a circular channel of a gland, a graphite crucible and a base in sequence, and are discharged outside through a product discharging mechanism and an air locking valve, the graphite crucible is powered on through a clamper at the upper part and the lower part, the graphite crucible is heated and heated by utilizing the resistance characteristic of the graphite crucible, the product discharging mechanism is started in the power on process, the raw materials in the graphite crucible flow from top to bottom, flow through a heating section to be rapidly heated to reach the temperature (such as more than 2800 ℃) required by heat treatment, then are cooled to constant temperature through a cooling section, and are discharged outside through the air locking valve, and the flow rate of the raw materials can be changed by adjusting the rotating speed of the.
Auxiliary materials are added into an auxiliary material feeding hopper and automatically flow into a furnace chamber on the outer side of a graphite crucible by gravity, the auxiliary materials are also heated during power supply of the graphite crucible, a furnace bottom cooling disc discharging mechanism needs to be started, the auxiliary materials in the furnace chamber flow from top to bottom through a heating section and gradually rise to more than 1500 ℃ (wherein the temperature of the auxiliary materials close to the graphite crucible is higher, the temperature of the auxiliary materials far away from the graphite crucible and close to a furnace lining is lower), the auxiliary materials are cooled to constant temperature through the cooling section and then are discharged out of the furnace through a furnace bottom water cooling disc and the auxiliary material discharging mechanism, gaseous substances escaping in the auxiliary material heat treatment process are collected through a furnace top exhaust pipe and then discharged out of the furnace, and the flow rate of the auxiliary materials can be changed by adjusting the rotating.
The utility model discloses utilize built-in big specification multichannel graphite crucible circular telegram, make the plain raw materials rapid heating of carbon in the graphite crucible reach and realize the graphitization more than 2800 ℃, raw materials and auxiliary material all arrange material and feed in succession in respective airtight space simultaneously, avoid the plain raw materials of carbon to be contaminated, stove and graphite crucible temperature are in the stable status, thereby can reduce plain raw materials of carbon and graphite crucible oxidation loss, reduce energy consumption, improve working conditions, make the refractory material inside lining work under lower temperature condition, prolong stove life.
The utility model has the following technical effects that the carbon raw material continuous graphitization furnace can simultaneously produce two products of graphitization and electric forging, the productivity of graphitized products can be greatly improved due to the adoption of the large-scale multichannel graphite crucible, the investment of the furnace can be greatly reduced and the service life of the furnace can be prolonged due to the lower temperature of the furnace wall and the adoption of common refractory materials as the lining, the thermal field in the furnace is stable, compared with the traditional vertical continuous graphitization furnace, the raw materials are subjected to heat treatment in the graphite crucible and are not contacted with heat insulation materials or refractory materials, the pollution can be avoided, compared with the horizontal graphitization furnace, the energy consumption can be reduced by more than half, the fully-closed automatic operation can greatly improve the labor condition and reduce the oxidation loss of carbon materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a graphitization furnace of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a view a-a of fig. 1.
The labels in the figures are: 1-raw material feeding hopper, 2-crucible gland, 3-tensioning device, 4-graphite crucible, 5-upper electrode holder, 6-crucible cooling water jacket, 7-lower electrode holder, 8-crucible base, 9-product receiving hopper, 10-product discharging mechanism, 11-air locking valve, 12-auxiliary material feeding hopper, 13-exhaust pipe, 14-furnace cover, 15-furnace lining, 16-furnace wall cooling water jacket, 17-furnace bottom water-cooled disc, 18-auxiliary material discharging mechanism, 19-insulating gasket and 20-graphite gasket.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of , but not all embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like, shall be understood to mean , such as "connected," which may be fixed, detachable, or physically connected, may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected, may be directly connected, may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may communicate between two elements.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a: as shown in the figures 1 and 2, the furnace chamber of the graphitization furnace is of a hollow cylindrical structure, the top of the furnace chamber is provided with a furnace cover 14, the upper part of the furnace chamber is provided with a refractory material lining 15 for protection, the lower part of the furnace chamber is provided with a furnace wall cooling water jacket 16, the bottom of the furnace chamber is provided with a water cooling disc 17 and an auxiliary material discharging mechanism 18, and the inner side of the furnace cover 14 is. The graphite crucible 4 is arranged at the center of the furnace, the upper part of the graphite crucible extends out of the auxiliary material feeding hopper 12, the crucible gland 2 and the raw material feeding hopper 1 are arranged at the top of the graphite crucible 4, and the crucible base 8, the product receiving hopper 9, the product discharging mechanism 10 and the air locking valve 11 are arranged at the bottom of the graphite crucible 4.
Wherein the graphite crucible 4, the crucible gland 2 and the crucible base 8 are cylinders, a plurality of circular channels are arranged along the length direction, the graphite crucible 4 is composed of a plurality of sections, a graphite gasket 20 is arranged between each section of the graphite crucible 4, a raw material charging hopper 1 and the crucible gland 2, and a crucible gland 2 and the top of the graphite crucible 4, be provided with insulating pad 19 between 4 bottoms of graphite crucible and the crucible base 8 and between crucible base 8 and product receiving hopper 9, be provided with a plurality of round holes on graphite pad 20 and the insulating pad 19, thereby each section graphite crucible 4, the circular passageway of crucible gland 2 and crucible base 8 aligns with the round hole of graphite pad 20 and insulating pad 19 and forms raw materials top-down's passageway, crucible base 8 is provided with the support, crucible gland 2 is provided with straining device 3, ensure that every section graphite crucible 4 can the in close contact with, reduce contact resistance.
The graphite crucible 4 is provided with an upper electrode holder 5 and a lower electrode holder 7 through which the graphite crucible 4 is energized, wherein the lower electrode holder 7 is provided with a cooling water jacket. The distance between the raw material hopper 1 and the upper electrode holder 5 is long enough to reduce the oxidation of the raw material and the graphite crucible 4 in the high temperature region by material sealing. The lower part of the graphite crucible 4 is provided with a crucible cooling water jacket 6 which extends out of a furnace bottom water cooling disc 17, the crucible base 8 and the product receiving hopper 9 are provided with cooling water jackets to ensure that products discharged by the product discharging mechanism 10 are fully cooled and are not oxidized by air, and an outlet of the product discharging mechanism 10 is provided with an air locking valve 11 to ensure that air does not enter a high-temperature area of the graphite crucible 4 and reduce the oxidation of the graphite crucible 4 and graphite products in the high-temperature area.
The product discharging mechanism 10 is provided with a variable frequency speed regulating device to control the heat treatment time of the raw materials and effectively control the quality and the power consumption of graphite products. An auxiliary material feeding hopper 12 and an exhaust pipe 13 are arranged on the outer side of a graphite crucible on a furnace cover 14 of the graphitization furnace, the lower part of the auxiliary material feeding hopper 12 is connected with the furnace cover 14 of the continuous graphitization furnace, the lower part of the auxiliary material feeding hopper 12 is circular, the diameter of the auxiliary material feeding hopper is smaller than that of the inner wall of the graphitization furnace, a triangular annular exhaust channel is formed around the lower part of the furnace cover by utilizing the natural repose angle of the auxiliary material, the exhaust channel is connected with the exhaust pipe 13, gaseous substances escaping in the heat treatment process of the carbon auxiliary material are discharged out of the furnace through the exhaust.
The auxiliary material hopper 12 has a sufficient height, so that the external air entering the furnace is reduced through material sealing, and meanwhile, the gaseous substances escaping in the auxiliary material heat treatment process are prevented from being discharged out of the furnace from the top of the auxiliary material hopper 12 to cause environmental pollution. The lower part of the furnace chamber is provided with a furnace wall cooling water jacket 16, and the outer side of the graphite crucible 4 below the water jacket is provided with a furnace bottom water cooling disc 17 and an auxiliary material discharging mechanism 18, so that the auxiliary material is discharged after being fully cooled and cooled, and is prevented from being oxidized when the auxiliary material is discharged from the furnace.
During production, carbon raw materials are added into a raw material feeding hopper 1, enter a product receiving hopper 9 through a circular channel of a crucible gland 2, a graphite crucible 4 and a crucible base 8 in sequence, and are discharged outside through a product discharging mechanism 10 and an air locking valve 11, the graphite crucible 4 is powered on through an upper electrode holder 5 and a lower electrode holder 7, the graphite crucible 4 is heated and heated by utilizing the resistance characteristic of the graphite crucible 4, in the power supplying process, the product discharging mechanism 10 is started, the raw materials in the graphite crucible 4 flow from top to bottom, pass through a heating section to be rapidly heated to reach the temperature required by heat treatment, such as 2800 ℃ above, then pass through a cooling section to be cooled to constant temperature, and finally are discharged outside through the air locking valve 11, and the flow rate of the raw materials can be changed by adjusting the rotating speed of the product discharging mechanism 10.
Auxiliary materials are added into an auxiliary material feeding hopper 12 and automatically flow into a furnace chamber on the outer side of a graphite crucible 4 by gravity, the auxiliary materials are also heated during the power supply of the graphite crucible 4, an auxiliary material discharging mechanism 18 needs to be started, the auxiliary materials in the furnace chamber flow from top to bottom through a heating section and gradually rise to more than 1500 ℃, the temperature of the auxiliary materials close to the graphite crucible 4 is higher, the temperature of the auxiliary materials far away from the graphite crucible and close to the inner lining of the furnace is lower, the auxiliary materials are cooled to constant temperature through a cooling section and then are discharged out of the furnace through a furnace bottom water-cooling disc 17 and the auxiliary material discharging mechanism 18, gaseous substances escaping in the auxiliary material heat treatment process are collected through a furnace top exhaust pipe 13 and then are discharged out of the furnace, the flow rate of the auxiliary materials can be changed by adjusting.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
- The structure of the continuous graphitization furnace for the carbon raw materials is characterized in that a furnace chamber of the graphitization furnace is of a hollow cylinder structure, a furnace cover (14) is arranged at the top of the furnace chamber, an auxiliary material feeding hopper (12) and an exhaust pipe (13) are arranged on the furnace cover (14), a refractory material lining (15) is arranged at the upper part of the furnace chamber for protection, a furnace wall cooling water jacket (16) is arranged at the lower part of the furnace chamber, a water cooling disc (17) and an auxiliary material discharging mechanism (18) are arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber, a refractory material is built inside the furnace cover (14), a graphite crucible (4) is arranged at the center of the furnace chamber, the auxiliary material feeding hopper (12) extends out of the upper part of the graphite crucible (4), a crucible pressing cover (2) and a raw material feeding hopper (1) are arranged at the top of the graphite crucible (4), and a crucible base.
- 2. A carbon raw material continuous graphitization furnace structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: graphite crucible (4), crucible gland (2) and crucible base (8) are the cylinder structure, graphite crucible (4) are provided with a plurality of circular passageways along length direction.
- 3. A carbon raw material continuous graphitization furnace structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the graphite crucible (4) is composed of a plurality of sections, and a graphite gasket (20) is arranged between each section of the graphite crucible (4); insulating gaskets (19) are arranged between the raw material feeding hopper (1) and the crucible gland (2), between the crucible gland (2) and the top of the graphite crucible (4), between the bottom of the graphite crucible (4) and the crucible base (8) and between the crucible base (8) and the product receiving hopper (9); the graphite gasket (20) and the insulating gasket (19) are provided with a plurality of round holes.
- 4. A carbon raw material continuous graphitization furnace structure as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: thereby the circular passageway of each section graphite crucible (4), crucible gland (2) and crucible base (8) aligns with the round hole of graphite gasket (20) and insulating gasket (19) and forms raw materials top-down's passageway, and crucible base (8) are provided with the support, and crucible gland (2) are provided with straining device (3).
- 5. A carbon raw material continuous graphitization furnace structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the graphite crucible (4) is provided with an upper electrode holder (5) and a lower electrode holder (7), and the graphite crucible (4) is powered through the upper electrode holder (5) and the lower electrode holder (7).
- 6. A carbon raw material continuous graphitization furnace structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the lower part of the graphite crucible (4) is provided with a crucible cooling water jacket (6) and extends out of a furnace bottom water-cooling disc (17), the crucible base (8) and the product receiving hopper (9) are also provided with the crucible cooling water jacket (6), and the air locking valve (11) is arranged at the outlet of the product discharging mechanism (10).
- 7. A carbon raw material continuous graphitization furnace structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the product discharging mechanism (10) is provided with a variable frequency speed regulating device.
- 8. A carbon raw material continuous graphitization furnace structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the auxiliary material feeding hopper (12) is arranged on a furnace cover (14) and is arranged along the outer side of the graphite crucible (4); the auxiliary material charging hopper (12) lower part is connected with bell (14), auxiliary material charging hopper (12) lower part is circular, and its diameter is less than graphitizing furnace's inner wall diameter, utilizes the natural angle of repose of auxiliary material to make bell (14) lower part form triangle-shaped annular exhaust passage around, and exhaust passage links to each other with blast pipe (13), makes the gaseous state material that overflows in the heat treatment process of carbon auxiliary material discharge the stove outside through blast pipe (13), and blast pipe (13) inboard adopts the protection of refractory castable.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920655069.6U CN210001595U (en) | 2019-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | Structure of continuous graphitizing furnace using carbon raw materials |
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| CN201920655069.6U CN210001595U (en) | 2019-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | Structure of continuous graphitizing furnace using carbon raw materials |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110371966A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-10-25 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of carbon raw materials continuous graphitizing furnace construction and method for graphitizing |
| CN113264523A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-17 | 江苏润美新材料有限公司 | Hollow continuous high-temperature graphitizing furnace |
| CN114044514A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-02-15 | 汨罗市鑫祥碳素制品有限公司 | Tail end exhaust type graphite furnace |
| CN116659238A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-08-29 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Box-type graphitizing furnace and production method |
-
2019
- 2019-05-09 CN CN201920655069.6U patent/CN210001595U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110371966A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-10-25 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of carbon raw materials continuous graphitizing furnace construction and method for graphitizing |
| CN113264523A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-17 | 江苏润美新材料有限公司 | Hollow continuous high-temperature graphitizing furnace |
| CN114044514A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-02-15 | 汨罗市鑫祥碳素制品有限公司 | Tail end exhaust type graphite furnace |
| CN116659238A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-08-29 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Box-type graphitizing furnace and production method |
| CN116659238B (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-11-28 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Box-type graphitizing furnace and production method |
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