CN209435883U - A kind of salt-soda soil cultivation of plants structure - Google Patents
A kind of salt-soda soil cultivation of plants structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN209435883U CN209435883U CN201920033449.6U CN201920033449U CN209435883U CN 209435883 U CN209435883 U CN 209435883U CN 201920033449 U CN201920033449 U CN 201920033449U CN 209435883 U CN209435883 U CN 209435883U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of salt-soda soil cultivation of plants structure, and the growing structures include plantation domain, permeability field and isolation permeability field, wherein the planting is in the plantation domain；The permeability field is set in the plantation domain；The isolation permeability field is located at the periphery in the plantation domain in barrel-like structure, so that the plantation domain keeps apart with the saline and alkaline stratum.
Description
Technical field
The utility model provides a kind of salt-soda soil cultivation of plants structure.
Background technique
Coastal region is Chinese society economy area the most active and flourishing, continuous development and people with coastal city
Living standard continuous improvement, the urban afforestation in coastal saline-alkali area and urban landscape woods, which are built, becomes the primary of urban forestry
Task.But the salinization of soil seriously constrains the development of coastal region forestry.Not only salt content is high for coastal saline soil, and
Barren, viscous heavy, hardened, the easy accumulation of salt in the surface soil, physics and chemistry, biological property are poor, along with reasons such as fresh water shortage, degree of mineralization of ground water height, often
Landscape plant is difficult to grow or even Large Scale Death under rule planting patterns.
Seedling Stage, transplanting time are the critical periods of Survival rate of nursery stock.Spring, autumn are the best seasons of the northern area of China afforestation
Section, but the varieties in saline-alkali areas accumulation of salt in the surface soil at this time is strong, meets with high-salt stress when the two seasons being transplanted, being planted, adds
Soil property glues weight, poor permeability etc., and the landscape tree species for keeping transplanted seedling, especially salt tolerance not strong usually cannot normally take root, foliation,
It is even dead, to seriously affect the survival rate of nursery stock.Even if surviving reluctantly in a short time, it also will appear slow growth, obvious
Salt damage symptom phenomena such as.The strong tree species of salt tolerance are directly planted also can occur that slow seedling is slow, it is slow etc. existing to take root because of the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil
As.
Conventional control salt, salt discharge measure such as underground hidden pipe, soil moved in improve the original, impervious barrier, underground drenching layer etc., or advanced machine is needed to set
It is standby, or a large amount of native lapicide's journey is carried out, because the reasons such as at high cost, big to landform requirement height, project amount are difficult to be widely applied.
In face of growing salt-soda soil landscape afforestation demand, it is necessary to explore adaptation to local conditions, quality-high and inexpensive landscape plant
Implantation methods improve the survival rate of landscape tree species.
Utility model content
In order to solve the problems in the existing technology, the utility model provides a kind of salt-soda soil cultivation of plants knot
Structure, the growing structures include plantation domain, permeability field and isolation permeability field, wherein the planting is in the plantation domain
In；The permeability field is set in the plantation domain；The isolation permeability field is located at the periphery in the plantation domain in barrel-like structure,
To which the plantation domain be kept apart with salt-soda soil.Barrel-like structure therein includes but is not limited to cylindrical barrel structure.
In a specific embodiment, the permeability field is distributed in tubular construction in the plantation domain, the infiltration
The center in domain is located at using the plant as starting point, and it is overseas to the plantation that the plant connect the linear extension to be formed with the center
1/3 to 4/5 place of the distance that boundary is formed.Wherein tubular structure include but is not limited to be the shapes such as cylinder or cuboid.
In a specific embodiment, the permeability field in the plantation domain at least provided with three to 12.One
As for according to nursery stock and the size in domain can be planted establish appropriate number of permeability field.
In a specific embodiment, 50% or more of the plant when depth of the permeability field is greater than transplanting collects
The depth of middle distribution root system.
In a specific embodiment, the depth of the permeability field is greater than the depth of the isolation permeability field.
In a specific embodiment, it is described isolation permeability field longitudinal depth and horizontal span independently be 30 to
100 centimetres；It is described isolation permeability field with a thickness of 5 to 10 centimetres.
In a specific embodiment, the salinity for constituting the host material in the plantation domain is not higher than 0.4% cultivation
Matrix.
In a specific embodiment, the host material in the plantation domain includes original soil, mixes the river sand with organic fertilizer, training
Soil, fertile soil are supported, and mixes with organic fertilizer and/or mixes the salinity of soil conditioner not higher than 0.4% and pH value is lower than 8.5
At least one of saline-alkali soil.Wherein " original soil " refers to the alkaline land soil in serike location, in general,
For the considerations of of minimizing cost in the case where not influencing nursery stock survival, when the salinity in salt-soda soil is not higher than 0.4%
When, it can choose the cultivation matrix for using " original soil " as plantation domain.Such as " original soil " can be before serike from saline and alkaline
Excavate the soil dug out when plant species plant hole, the soil being also possible to other than the saline and alkaline intramassif kind of plant hole in ground.It is therein
Compost for example can be the gardening compost of commercially available acquisition.Fertile soil therein for example can be the fertile soil of commercially available acquisition.
Soil conditioner therein is primarily referred to as saline-alkali land soil conditioner, specifically for example can be that can improve salt affected soil physics knot
The material of structure and chemical property, such as can for organic fertilizer, stalk, river sand, desulfurized gypsum, furfural dregs, in wood vinegar at least
One kind also includes with the commodity soil conditioner product being centainly formulated.
In a specific embodiment, it constitutes the host material of the isolation permeability field and constitutes the base of the permeability field
Material independently includes at least one of river sand, sandy soil, zeolite grain, the broken stubble of stalk, aggregate chips and clinker.
In a specific embodiment, the plant is at least one of white thorn, Chinese tamarisk, arrow-leaved oleaster, birch-leaf pear and fructus lycii.
Slight alkaline land refers to that soil total salt content is lower than the soil of 0.3wt%；Moderate saline-alkali soil refers to that soil total salt content is
The soil of 0.3wt% to 0.6wt%；Refer to that soil total salt content is greater than the soil of 0.6wt% heavy salinizedly.Wherein, strand
Area's alkaline land soil salinity is based on sodium chloride.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that
The growing structures of the utility model are simple, construction volume is small, easy to operate, and materials are easy to get and inexpensively, quick, especially
The soil (such as coastal region) of weight is sticked suitable for soil property, can in quick improvement, it is heavy salinized, be particularly suitable for spring, autumn soil
The earth accumulation of salt in the surface soil strong period plants landscape plant.Setting by the way that permeability field is isolated is effectively reduced or even avoids accumulation of salt in the surface soil phenomenon
Generation.For the salt-soda soil for sticking weight simultaneously for soil property, since water is difficult lower infiltration or infiltration rate spy in this soil property
It is not slow, when being very easy to cause root water shortage, especially spring arid and big evaporation capacity, need that water is imported root as early as possible
Region, and the lower infiltration that permeability field exactly also helps watering pours water is isolated, permeability field is especially added, moisture can be further speeded up
Rapid osmotic is to root, to effectively improve the survival rate of nursery stock, establishes plant heavy salinized ground in quickly
Vegetation.But also the effect of the quick desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching can be played.In addition, working as Survival rate of nursery stock and the growth along with many years, the root of nursery stock
Isolation permeability field " bucket bottom " can be penetrated and enter saline and alkaline stratum by tying up on very big probability, in this case, by permeability field
Depth is arranged to be deeper than the depth of isolation permeability field, is beneficial to the nursery stock growth later period and is quickly obtained moisture, so that lasting has
Conducive to the growth of nursery stock.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the side view of salt-soda soil cultivation of plants structure.
Fig. 2 shows that Fig. 1 prolongs the sectional elevation of A-A ' line.
In attached drawing, identical component uses identical appended drawing reference.The attached drawing is not drawn according to the actual ratio.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail, but the utility model embodiment is exemplary only
Illustrate, no matter which does not constitute the restriction to the utility model under any circumstance.
Embodiment 1
Referring to figs. 1 and 2, kind of a plant hole is excavated in saline and alkaline stratum 5, setting isolation is seeped on the basis of kind of plant hole
Saturating domain 1, can be easy to get by materials and cheap river sand is constituted, can also select sandy soil, zeolite grain, the broken stubble of stalk, aggregate chips or
The easy seepage material such as clinker.It can be set to barrel-like structure, such as the hollow rod structure bottom of with.Further, according to wait plant
The size of the size of nursery stock, especially tree root, depth (i.e. longitudinal depth) and the diameter for normally isolating permeability field 1 are (i.e. horizontal
To span) 30 to 100 centimetres can be respectively set to, bottom (" bucket bottom ") thickness (thickness of bottom) can be set to 10 to 30
Centimetre, side wall thickness (can also be referred to as bandwidth) can be set to 5 to 10 centimetres.Such as small sapling, general deep 30 to
50 centimetres, 30 to 50 centimetres of diameter, 10 centimetres of bottom thickness, 5 centimetres of side wall thickness.It is general 50 to 100 lis deep for big sapling
Rice, 50 to 100 centimetres of diameter, 20 to 30 centimetres of bottom thickness, 8 to 10 centimetres of side wall thickness.
For moderate saline-alkali soil of the salinity not higher than 0.4%, it can be filled out in the plantation domain 2 in isolation permeability field 1
Fill the original soil dug out；For heavy salinized ground, salinity can be filled in the plantation domain 2 in isolation permeability field 1 and is lower than
The 0.4% any cultivation matrix for being conducive to plant survival, for example, the periphery of root system of plant can insert slight saline-alkali soil or
No saline and alkaline soil moved in improve the original, fertile soil, compost, is mixed with organic fertilizer and/or mixes soil conditioner the river sand for admixing organic fertilizer
The cultivation matrix that salinity is not higher than 0.4% and pH value is low lower than 8.5 saline-alkali soil or other salinity.
Since the salt-soda soil of some areas also has the characteristics that the glutinous weight of soil property, lower infiltration is difficult to so as to cause watering pours water.Therefore,
It is difficult to overcome the problems, such as to seep under water that permeability field 3 can be arranged in plantation domain 2.The plant that is centrally disposed in of permeability field 3 is arrived
1/3 to 4/5 place for planting the linear distance of the outer boundary in domain 2 allows to the perpendicular column structure in ground and is distributed, setting
Quantity can be determined according to the size in plantation domain 2.For plantation domain 2 is relatively large in diameter, more infiltration can be set
Saturating domain 3, such as be arranged at 8；For lesser for plantation 2 diameter of domain, can be set less permeability field 3, for example, setting 3 to
At 4.The material that wherein permeability field 3 is selected can be river sand cheap and easy to get, aggregate chips, zeolite granular, the broken stubble of stalk or clinker etc.
Easy seepage material.The setting of the permeability field 3 is particularly conducive to the lower infiltration that plantation domain 2 is watering pours water when soil property sticks heavy original soil, because
And be conducive to surviving for transplanted seedling.In addition, it is contemplated that after transplanted seedling survives, as the time gradually grows up, root system will also prick to
Deeper soil, until penetrate isolation permeability field 1 enter saline and alkaline stratum, although the salt tolerant Soiline-alkali plants grown up due to its own
Saline-alkali tolerant characteristic and do not have to especially worry growing way under adverse circumstance, but if still can exist in the salt-soda soil that soil property sticks weight
Moisture is difficult in saline and alkaline stratum lower infiltration, therefore, the depth of permeability field 3 can be extended to the bottom of isolation permeability field 1 hereinafter,
Penetrating isolation permeability field 1 extends to permeability field 3 in saline and alkaline stratum, to guarantee utilization of the subsequent plant to moisture.
For transplanting small sapling, transplanting process approximately as: 50 centimetres of kind plant hole is first dug, in the bottom of kind of plant hole
Nursery stock is put into kind of plant hole by the river sand for first inserting 10 cm thicks, inserts a certain amount of cultivation matrix on seedling root periphery, so
The river sand of 5 to 10 cm thicks is inserted on the outside of cultivation matrix afterwards, to form the isolation permeability field of the husky circle of formation as shown in Figure 2
1, and form the plantation domain 2 in cultivation matrix domain.Nursery stock can be shifted to an earlier date if the economic value of nursery stock is higher or more valuable
It plants and is planted in bag in non-woven fabrics beauty, beauty is directly planted into bag when transplanting afforestation and is put into togerther in kind of plant hole, other operations are the same as aforementioned.
After transplanted plantlet, earth boring auger can be used or tool with the same function gets the hole of tubing string, then in hole
Interior filling river sand, that is, form permeability field 3.
It after transplanting, sprinkles profoundly water 2 to 3 times, when a large amount of blades start stretching, extension, chemical fertilizer is imposed according to plant growing way or sprays leaf
Leaven 2 to 3 times.Rainy season does not need to rewater after arriving.
The method especially suitable in the glutinous weight of soil property, heavy salinized field planting.It can be according to saline and alkaline degree and soil permeability
Property increase and decrease isolation permeability field 1 husky circle thickness and permeability field 3 diameter.Nursery stock afforestation situation small for large scale and high density, can
Plant pit is replaced using kind of planting ditch form, similar isolation permeability field is set in the surrounding of ditch, can be appropriately determined in plantation domain
Or increase the density of permeability field, that is, it is suitably determined or increases the quantity of permeability field.
Embodiment 2
In the saline alkali tolerant plant Technology Park of Binhai New Area in Tianjin, soil salt content 0.4%-0.5%, pH 8.4-8.7, ground
Lower water level 1.5m, the viscous weight of soil property.
Using the method for embodiment 1, it is river sand that the material that permeability field 1 and permeability field 3 use, which is isolated, plants and fills out back in domain 2
The mixture of the original soil dug out and fertile soil (commercially available acquisition) in kind plant hole, the volume ratio of the two are 1:1.Spring transplants life in 2 years
Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' shoot survival percent improves to 40%, 4 year raw shoot survival percent and improves to 80% or more.
Comparative example 1
Salt-soda soil is with embodiment 2: in the saline alkali tolerant plant Technology Park of Binhai New Area in Tianjin, soil salt content 0.4%-
0.5%, pH8.4-8.7, level of ground water 1.5m, the viscous weight of soil property.
Life in 2 years and 4 years raw American red-maples are transplanted using the method directly transplanted, it is all dead.
Embodiment 3
In the forint ecological park of Binhai New Area in Tianjin, soil salt content 0.7-1.0%, pH 8.5-9.0, the content of organic matter
0.8-1.0%, quick-acting nitrogen content 30-80mg/kg, available phosphorus contents 10-15mg/kg, the viscous weight of soil property, poor permeability, when arid
The easy crack of surface soil, depth is up to 3-5cm, and watering or rear earth's surface of raining are with ponding, more days not lower infiltrations.
1 method of Application Example, it is river sand that the material that permeability field 1 and permeability field 3 use, which is isolated, in plantation domain 2 filling with
The marine solonchak of volume ratio 3:2 mixing and fertile soil (commercially available acquisition) are 0.3wt% containing salt content.Plant 1 year raw birch-leaf pear, Chinese holly
Qi, white thorn, arrow-leaved oleaster seedling, the current year survival rate of several plant is respectively 85%-95% or more etc., and plant growth is prosperous
It contains, is healthy and strong, native table is not easy ponding.
Comparative example 2
Salt-soda soil is with embodiment 3: in the forint ecological park of Binhai New Area in Tianjin, soil salt content 0.7-1.0%, pH 8.5-
9.0, the content of organic matter 0.8-1.0%, quick-acting nitrogen content 30-80mg/kg, available phosphorus contents 10-15mg/kg, the viscous weight of soil property seep
Permeability is poor, surface soil easy crack when arid, and depth is up to 3-5cm, and watering or rear earth's surface of raining are with ponding, more days not lower infiltrations.
1 year raw birch-leaf pear, fructus lycii, white thorn, arrow-leaved oleaster seedling are directly planted, the current year survival rate of several plant is respectively 55-70%
It differs, and slow growth.Easily there is apparent salt damage symptom in birch-leaf pear and fructus lycii.In addition, after pouring water or rainy season precipitation more period,
Since soil permeability is poor, native table ponding forms damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging.
Although the application is described referring to specific embodiment, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art
In the case where no real spirit and scope for being detached from the application, the various changes that can carry out.Furthermore, it is possible to this Shen
Main body, spirit and scope please are variously changed to adapt to specific situation, material, material compositions and method.All
These changes are included in the range of claims hereof.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of salt-soda soil cultivation of plants structure, which is characterized in that the growing structures include plantation domain, permeability field and every
From permeability field, wherein the planting is in the plantation domain；The permeability field is set in the plantation domain；The isolation
Permeability field is located at the periphery in the plantation domain in barrel-like structure, so that the plantation domain be kept apart with saline and alkaline stratum.
2. growing structures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the permeability field is distributed in described kind in tubular construction
It plants in domain, the center of the permeability field is located at using the plant as starting point, and the plant connect the straight line to be formed with the center and prolongs
Reach 1/3 to 4/5 place of the distance that the overseas boundary of plantation is formed.
3. growing structures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that at least provided with three to 12 in the plantation domain
Locate the permeability field.
4. growing structures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the depth of the permeability field is greater than described when transplanting
The depth of 50% or more the root system integrated distribution of plant.
5. growing structures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the depth of the permeability field is permeated greater than the isolation
The depth in domain.
6. growing structures according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described isolation permeability field longitudinal depth and laterally across
Degree independently is 30 to 100 centimetres；It is described isolation permeability field with a thickness of 5 to 10 centimetres.
7. growing structures as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that constitute the base in the plantation domain
The salinity of material is not higher than 0.4% cultivation matrix.
8. growing structures according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the host material in the plantation domain includes original soil, mixes
With river sand, compost, the fertile soil of organic fertilizer, and mixes with organic fertilizer and/or mix the salinity of soil conditioner and be not higher than
0.4% and pH value be lower than 8.5 at least one of saline-alkali soil.
9. growing structures as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that constitute the isolation permeability field
Host material and to constitute the host material of the permeability field independently include river sand, sandy soil, zeolite grain, the broken stubble of stalk, aggregate chips
At least one of with clinker.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821683382 | 2018-10-17 | ||
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113068590A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-06 | 中国林业科学研究院 | Method for improving germination rate of plant seeds and survival rate of seedlings in saline-alkali soil in situ |
| CN113491222A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-10-12 | 北京岩土工程勘察院有限公司 | Method for planting plants in arid and salinized severe region |
| CN114711050A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-08 | 西施生态科技股份有限公司 | Planting method and device suitable for alpine plants |
-
2019
- 2019-01-09 CN CN201920033449.6U patent/CN209435883U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113068590A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-06 | 中国林业科学研究院 | Method for improving germination rate of plant seeds and survival rate of seedlings in saline-alkali soil in situ |
| CN113491222A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-10-12 | 北京岩土工程勘察院有限公司 | Method for planting plants in arid and salinized severe region |
| CN114711050A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-08 | 西施生态科技股份有限公司 | Planting method and device suitable for alpine plants |
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