CN207919485U - Groynes, the trapezoidal branch of a river and groynes-pool microhabitat restoration - Google Patents
Groynes, the trapezoidal branch of a river and groynes-pool microhabitat restoration Download PDFInfo
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- CN207919485U CN207919485U CN201721425523.6U CN201721425523U CN207919485U CN 207919485 U CN207919485 U CN 207919485U CN 201721425523 U CN201721425523 U CN 201721425523U CN 207919485 U CN207919485 U CN 207919485U
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Abstract
The utility model is related to groynes, the trapezoidal branch of a river and groynes pool microhabitat restorations, provide firstly it is a kind of with grain size be 10cm 30cm gravel pile up made of groynes, the cross section of the groynes is "-" type or irregular semicircle, and the width of groynes is 20cm 50cm；Groynes includes the abutment, dam body and dam root connected from top to bottom, the abutment is in the period when a river is at its normal level and water surface hold the line or is higher by water surface 2cm 5cm, the lower section of the dam root is equipped with block stone foundation, described piece of stone foundation is built with the block clitter that grain size is 25cm 30cm, 0.5 1m of riverbed is goed deep into block stone foundation, dam root is attached with block stone foundation by concrete, the utility model also each provide a kind of groynes by "-" type based on the trapezoidal branch of a river and the groynes pool microhabitat restoration based on irregular semicircle groynes.Three kinds of structures that the utility model is proposed play shore protection shield beach, provide existence place for river zoobenthos, protect and rebuild the effect of bio-diversity.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to river channel ecology and administers field, is led for the ecological recovery of river habitat and bio-diversity
A kind of domain more particularly to groynes, the trapezoidal branch of a river and groynes-pool microhabitat restoration.
Background technology
Naturally the winding form in river builds various river habitat, is provided naturally for river zoobenthos
Inhabit and protect place.The relationship in biology and habitat is the result of long-term evolution.Biology has the one side for adapting to habitat, and has and change
Make the one side in habitat.Some animals under normal circumstances can be there are many habitat, and the biology in a certain habitat can also capture newly
Habitat.However, there are also environment sensitive type biology, it is particularly violent to the response of habitat change.
Zoobenthos be river ecosystem important biomolecule monoid and river in maintain in substance and energy circulation
Between link.Zoobenthos can control algae density, prevent its great outburst, while abundant food source is also provided for fish.It is strong
The river ecosystem of health has perfect habitat system, so as to maintain higher diversity of benthic macro-invertebrates, stream self-purification ability
By force.
However, due to environmental disruption, river habitat diversification declines or loses, and the zoobenthos as sensitive monoid is difficult to
Existence.Therefore, the utility model provides a kind of groynes, and a kind of trapezoidal branch of a river and a kind of groynes-pool microhabitat restoration, are river bottom
The animal that dwells provides existence place.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of groynes, a kind of trapezoidal branch of a river and a kind of groynes-pool microhabitat restoration,
The river structure of unification is reverted to the health system for possessing complicated habitat, protection and reconstruction bio-diversity, ensures river
The integrality of Ecosystem structure and function restores stream self-purification ability, improves water quality.
The utility model is realized in this way：
A kind of groynes, the groynes are located at nearly riverbank, gravel of the groynes with grain size for 10 cm-30 cm pile up and
At the cross section of the groynes is "-" type or irregular semicircle, and the width of the groynes is 20 cm-50 cm；The fourth
Dam includes the abutment, dam body and dam root connected from top to bottom, and the abutment is in the period when a river is at its normal level and water surface hold the line or is higher by water surface 2cm-
The lower section of 5cm, the dam root are equipped with block stone foundation, and described piece of stone foundation is built with the block clitter that grain size is 25 cm-30 cm,
Riverbed 0.5-1m is goed deep into described piece of stone foundation, and the dam root is attached with block stone foundation by concrete.
Using the groynes of above-mentioned technical proposal, advantage is：By building "-" type or irregular semicircular fourth
Dam, meets support flow, cuts down the flow of water, does not make torrent close to riverbank, to shore protection shield beach, prevents from or mitigate flow rushing seashore
Brush, basis is provided for the existence place of river zoobenthos.
The utility model additionally provides a kind of trapezoidal branch of a river, including groynes as described above, further includes being located at nearly riverbank
The bar shaped branch of a river, connected by multiple groynes between the bar shaped branch of a river and riverbank；The width of the bar shaped branch of a river is 0.5m-
2m, the longitudinal section of the bar shaped branch of a river are trapezoidal, a length of 0.5-1.5m in trapezoidal top, described trapezoidal following a length of
0.8-2m, the height of the bar shaped branch of a river are maintained at the period when a river is at its normal level and are higher by water surface 5cm.
As being further improved for this trapezoidal branch of a river, the bar shaped branch of a river uses grain size for the ruckle of 10 cm-30cm
Product forms, and the bottom of the bar shaped branch of a river is connect by concrete with described piece of stone foundation.
As being further improved for this trapezoidal branch of a river, the width of the groynes is 30cm-50 cm, the cross of the groynes
Section is "-" type, and the distance between described each groynes is 2m.
As being further improved for this trapezoidal branch of a river, the bar shaped branch of a river is 1/4-1/3 river width at a distance from riverbank.
Using the trapezoidal branch of a river of above-mentioned technical proposal, advantage is：Based on groynes, by the bar shaped branch of a river and a word
The connection of type groynes is built into the trapezoidal branch of a river.The trapezoidal branch of a river constructs drop, return water region, increases water body dissolved oxygen amount, improves
The growth machine meeting of large-scale vascular plant builds aquatic vegetation for zoobenthos and enriches habitat.
The utility model additionally provides a kind of groynes-pool microhabitat restoration, including such as the utility model content second segment institute
The groynes stated, the cross section of the groynes are the irregular semicircle of diameter 2m-3m, are set inside the irregular semicircular area
There is the substrate for being laid with structure for the cobblestone of 5cm-10cm with grain size, the thickness of the substrate is 2cm-5cm.
As being further improved for this groynes-pool microhabitat restoration, the substrate gos deep into riverbed 0.5m-1m, the goose
Retain the hole of 1cm-2cm between cobble.
Using groynes-pool microhabitat restoration of above-mentioned technical proposal, advantage is：With irregular semicircular groynes
Based on, by building groynes-pool microhabitat restoration, the shoal-pool structure in reduction nature river meets the shape of natural river course
State requirement, builds diversified Habitat Types, is preyed on for zoobenthos, breeds and hide natural enemy and provide place.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the planar structure schematic diagram of a kind of groynes provided by the utility model, the trapezoidal branch of a river.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of Fig. 1 round frames part.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of a kind of groynes provided by the utility model, the trapezoidal branch of a river.
Fig. 4 is the planar structure schematic diagram of a kind of groynes provided by the utility model, groynes-pool microhabitat restoration.
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view of a kind of groynes provided by the utility model, groynes-pool microhabitat restoration.
Reference numeral：1- groynes, 2- block stone foundations, the 3- bar shaped branches of a river, 4- groynes-pool microhabitat restoration, 5- substrates.
Specific implementation mode
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specifically
Embodiment further illustrates the utility model.
Based on Fig. 1-5 illustrates a kind of groynes, and this groynes of use, the trapezoidal branch of a river of structure（Fig. 1-3）, fourth
Dam-pool microhabitat restoration（Fig. 4-5）.
Embodiment 1
Embodiment 1 provides a kind of groynes, and as shown in Fig. 1,2,4, the groynes 1 is located at nearly riverbank, and the groynes 1 is with grain
Diameter is that the gravel of 10cm-30cm is piled up, and the cross section of the groynes 1 is "-" type（Fig. 1,2）Or it is irregular semicircle（Figure
4）, the width of the groynes 1（W1 in figure）For 20cm-50cm.
The groynes 1 includes abutment, dam body and the dam root connected from top to bottom.
As shown in Fig. 3,5, the abutment is in the period when a river is at its normal level and water surface hold the line or is higher by water surface 2cm-5cm.Under the dam root
Side is equipped with block stone foundation 2, and described piece of stone foundation 2 is built with grain size for the block clitter of 25cm-30cm, and described piece of stone foundation 2 is deep
Enter riverbed 0.5-1m, the dam root is attached with block stone foundation 2 by concrete so that the groynes 1 in riverbed more
It is firm.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2 provides a kind of trapezoidal branch of a river, including groynes described in embodiment 11, further includes at a distance from riverbank（Figure
Middle L1）For the bar shaped branch of a river 3 of 1/4-1/3 river width, connected by multiple groynes 1 between the bar shaped branch of a river 3 and riverbank.
The cross section of the groynes 1 is "-" type, and the width of the groynes 1 is 30 cm-50 cm, the cross of the groynes 1
Section is "-" type, and each groynes 1 is parallel to each other, the distance between described each groynes 1（L2 in figure）For 2m.
The width of the bar shaped branch of a river 3（W2 in figure）Preferably 0.5m-2m, the longitudinal section of the bar shaped branch of a river 3 be it is trapezoidal,
The trapezoidal upper length of side（D1 in figure）For 0.5-1.5m, the trapezoidal lower length of side（D2 in figure）For 0.8-2m, top length
In the lower length of side.The height of the bar shaped branch of a river 3 is maintained at the period when a river is at its normal level and is higher by water surface 5cm.
The bar shaped branch of a river 3 uses grain size to be formed for the gravel buildup of 10cm-30cm, and the bottom of the bar shaped branch of a river 3 is logical
Concrete is crossed to connect with described piece of stone foundation 2.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment 2, embodiment 3 provides a kind of method of the trapezoidal branch of a river of structure.
Trapezoidal branch of a river selection is built in the period when a river is at its normal level, and the small and medium river channel for preferably choosing one section of degeneration is constructed.Structure
Method includes the following steps：
Step 1, it is 1m, length that the depth parallel with riverbank is dug out at nearly riverbank（L3 in figure）For the strip groove of 20-30m
Canal is dug out and bar shaped irrigation canals and ditches "-" type irrigation canals and ditches connected vertically, depth along bar shaped irrigation canals and ditches every 2m（H1 in figure) it is 1m, institute
The other end for stating "-" type irrigation canals and ditches is connect with riverbank.
Step 2, the gabion of the block stone of grain size 25cm-30cm will be filled with（1m3）It is embedded to the bar shaped irrigation canals and ditches and a word dug out
Among type irrigation canals and ditches, as block stone foundation.
Step 3, the trapezoidal branch of a river is built：Along the bar shaped irrigation canals and ditches and "-" type irrigation canals and ditches dug out, grain is piled up in block stone foundation
Diameter is the gravel of 10cm-30cm, is used in combination the position that concrete connects gravel with block stone foundation to bond, is fixed.
Embodiment 4
Embodiment 4 provides a kind of groynes-pool microhabitat restoration 4, including groynes 1, as shown in figure 4, the groynes 1 is transversal
Face is diameter（D in figure）For the irregular semicircle of 2m-3m.
As shown in figure 5, the irregular semicircular area is internally provided with is laid with structure with grain size for the cobblestone of 5cm-10cm
The thickness (H2 in figure) of the substrate 5 built, the substrate 5 is 2cm-5cm.
The substrate 5 gos deep into riverbed 0.5m-1m, and the hole of 1cm-2cm is retained between the cobblestone.Go out convenient for zoobenthos
Enter and is nested using cobble gap.
Embodiment 5
On the basis of embodiment 4, embodiment 5 provides a kind of method of structure groynes-pool microhabitat restoration 4.
The construction step of groynes-pool microhabitat restoration 4 includes：
Step 1, first irregular semicircle is dug out in the riverbed at nearly riverbank（Diameter 2m-3m）, width about 20cm-50cm,
Depth（H3 in figure）The semicircle irrigation canals and ditches of 0.5m-1m.
Step 2, it is the semicircle irrigation canals and ditches of block stone filling of 25cm-30cm with grain size, as block stone foundation.
Step 3, the groynes for piling up width about 30cm with the gravel that grain size is 10 cm-30 cm in block stone foundation, makes groynes
Being maintained at the period when a river is at its normal level is higher by water surface 2cm-5cm, and the dam root of groynes is with block stone foundation with concrete bonding.
Step 4, it is for the cobblestone laying depth of 5cm-10cm with grain size in the irregular half-circle area that groynes surrounds
The substrate of 2cm-5cm, is come in and gone out convenient for zoobenthos to build and is nested using the gap of cobble, retains 1cm-2cm's between cobble
Hole.
It should be noted that groynes, the trapezoidal branch of a river and groynes-the pool microhabitat restoration of the utility model are relatively suitable for medium and small
Type river, large-scale river is due to the depth of water and The turbulent river crashes its way through, and the habitat architecture model of zoobenthos then should not be with this near-nature forest
Mode.The big Ha Noi of the depth of water using gravel, block stone structure, due to build specification accordingly to increase, spent by cost
Then carefully to consider.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model only, is not intended to limit the utility model, all at this
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should be included in the utility model made by within the spirit and principle of utility model
Protection domain within.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of groynes, which is characterized in that the groynes（1）It is piled up for the gravel of 10cm-30cm with grain size, the groynes
（1）Cross section be "-" type or irregular semicircle, the groynes（1）Width be 20cm-50cm；The groynes（1）Packet
The abutment, dam body and dam root connected from top to bottom is included, the abutment is in the period when a river is at its normal level and water surface hold the line or is higher by water surface 2cm-5cm,
The lower section of the dam root is equipped with block stone foundation（2）, described piece of stone foundation（2）It is built for the block clitter of 25cm-30cm with grain size,
Described piece of stone foundation（2）Go deep into riverbed 0.5-1m, the dam root and block stone foundation（2）It is attached by concrete.
2. a kind of trapezoidal branch of a river, which is characterized in that including groynes as described in claim 1（1）, further include the bar shaped branch of a river（3）,
The bar shaped branch of a river（3）Pass through multiple groynes between riverbank（1）Connection；The bar shaped branch of a river（3）Width be 0.5m-2m,
The bar shaped branch of a river（3）Longitudinal section be trapezoidal, a length of 0.5-1.5m in trapezoidal top, it is described trapezoidal following a length of
0.8-2m, the bar shaped branch of a river（3）Height be maintained at the period when a river is at its normal level and be higher by water surface 5cm.
3. the trapezoidal branch of a river according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the bar shaped branch of a river（3）Use grain size for 10cm-
The gravel buildup of 30cm forms, the bar shaped branch of a river（3）Bottom pass through concrete and described piece of stone foundation（2）Connection.
4. the trapezoidal branch of a river according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the groynes（1）Width be 30cm-50cm, institute
State groynes（1）Cross section be "-" type, each groynes（1）The distance between be 2m.
5. the trapezoidal branch of a river according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the bar shaped branch of a river（3）With at a distance from riverbank be 1/
River width.
6. a kind of groynes-pool microhabitat restoration, which is characterized in that the groynes-pool microhabitat restoration（4）Including such as claim
Groynes described in 1（1）, the groynes（1）Cross section be diameter 2m-3m irregular semicircle, the irregular semicircle
Region is internally provided with the substrate for being laid with structure for the cobblestone of 5cm-10cm with grain size（5）, the substrate（5）Thickness be 2cm-
5cm。
7. groynes according to claim 6-pool microhabitat restoration, which is characterized in that the substrate（5）Go deep into riverbed
0.5m-1m retains the hole of 1cm-2cm between the cobblestone.
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| CN201721425523.6U CN207919485U (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | Groynes, the trapezoidal branch of a river and groynes-pool microhabitat restoration |
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| CN201721425523.6U CN207919485U (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | Groynes, the trapezoidal branch of a river and groynes-pool microhabitat restoration |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109577283A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-05 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A kind of artificial ladder pool unit, pool group and its improving the application in natural river habitat |
| CN110644422A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-03 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Ecological reconstruction structure of urban hard river |
| CN111517384A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 苏州他山石环保科技有限公司 | River channel ecological restoration system and restoration method |
| CN114775545A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-07-22 | 浙江省水利河口研究院(浙江省海洋规划设计研究院) | Method for establishing granular-particle type ecological barrage |
-
2017
- 2017-10-31 CN CN201721425523.6U patent/CN207919485U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109577283A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-05 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A kind of artificial ladder pool unit, pool group and its improving the application in natural river habitat |
| CN110644422A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-03 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Ecological reconstruction structure of urban hard river |
| CN111517384A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 苏州他山石环保科技有限公司 | River channel ecological restoration system and restoration method |
| CN114775545A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-07-22 | 浙江省水利河口研究院(浙江省海洋规划设计研究院) | Method for establishing granular-particle type ecological barrage |
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