CN207873762U - Tool changing efficiently machining center - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is related to a kind of tool changing efficiently machining centers, including the spindle box being arranged in rack and rack, the shaft end that main shaft is stretched out from spindle box is provided with the cutter holder of clamping cutter A, swing arm is provided between spindle box and rack, there is the cooperation of the keying pull rod of bayonet and cutter holder in swing arm lower end, swing arm upper end and the folder knife master cam plate that is arranged in rack are against cooperation, and swing arm is pole shape and bending place is hinged on spindle box.The keying backward stick action that wobbling action drives cutter holder is done in swing arm, and cutter holder implements on-off action clamping cutter and is detached from tool magazine or loosens cutter and be placed on tool magazine, and the utility model is not only simple in structure, and responding fast, reliable in action.

Description

Tool changing efficiently machining center

Technical field

It is especially the lathe tool changing technology with tool magazine the utility model is related to automated machine tool.

Background technology

Machining center (Computerized Numerical Control Machine) abbreviation cnc, is by mechanical equipment With the high-efficiency automatic lathe suitable for workpieces processing of digital control system composition.Machining center has tool magazine, has and moves certainly Knife function is the numerically-controlled machine tool to carrying out multistage manufacturing processes after workpiece clamped one time.Machining center is height electromechanical integration Product, after clamping workpiece, digital control system energy control lathe is automatically selected by different processes, replaces cutter, automatic tool preset, changes automatically Become the speed of mainshaft, amount of feeding etc., the working procedures such as brill, boring, milling, hinge, tapping can be continuously finished, thus greatly reduces workpiece dress The aided processes times such as time, measurement and setting for machine are pressed from both sides, more complicated to machining shape, required precision is higher, variety renovation Frequent part has good economic effect.

In the NC machine tools with automatic tool changer with tool magazine, to realize automatic loading and unloading of the cutter on main shaft, main shaft must The automatic clamping mechanism of cutter must be designed with.As tool clamp mechanism, knife is arranged on the vertical drilling and milling of automatic tool changer, boring spindle Folder is positioned with the taper shank of appropriate taper in the taper hole of front-end of spindle, and the tension of blind rivet 1 by being tightened in taper shank tail portion is being bored Kong Zhong.What the clamping opening opening and closing movement of cutter holder was realized by the displacement of the pull rod or trombone slide that are connected with main shaft same core socket joint type, it is existing In technology, the pull rod of the clamping opening opening and closing movement of cutter holder or trombone slide is driven to be controlled by spring, oil or cylinder and piston, oil or gas circuit single The labyrinth that the components such as member are constituted, in conjunction with sensor acquisition position signal integrated treatment, the control together of relevant position arrangement System drives the mechanism that the clamping opening of cutter holder opens and closes complicated, involves great expense；Furthermore the tool magazine for depositing cloth cutter provides a sets of transmission mechanism for oneself It is connected on tool magazine holder, for main shaft when implementing stock removal action, tool magazine is displaced to main shaft and cutter holder side by transmission mechanism, needs Tool magazine is indexed at the corresponding position of cutter holder when tool changing, and tool magazine is usually annular frame, and elastic card arranges annular frame peripheral portion Position, the frame face of annular frame is vertical with main shaft, the tool magazine and tool magazine indexing mechanism of above structure take up space big, tool changing when turn Position region is big, not only increases equipment volume, and but also equipment greatly increases, in addition, above structure necessarily leads to tool changing Inefficiency.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of tool changing efficiently machining center, it is intended to which the opening and closing movement for improving cutter holder is rung The promptness and reliability answered.

To realize that above-mentioned purpose of utility model, the utility model use following technical scheme：A kind of tool changing efficiently adds The spindle box being arranged on work center, including rack and rack is connected with the spindle motor of driving spindle rotation, main shaft on spindle box Case is moved by the direction that the guide rail in tractor drives edge rack limits, and the shaft end that main shaft is stretched out from spindle box is provided with folder Hold the cutter holder of cutter A, it is characterised in that：It is provided with swing arm between spindle box and rack, there be opening for bayonet and cutter holder in swing arm lower end Pull rod cooperation, swing arm upper end and the folder knife master cam plate that is arranged in rack are closed against cooperation, swing arm is pole shape and bending Place is hinged on spindle box.

Above-mentioned technical proposal has the technical effect that following aspect：Tool magazine assembly reaches the position that main shaft implements tool changing Place is set, the keying backward stick action that wobbling action drives cutter holder is done in swing arm, and cutter holder implements on-off action clamping cutter and is detached from tool magazine Or cutter is loosened and is placed on tool magazine, the action of cutter holder relies only on matching for swing arm and the folder knife master cam plate in rack Conjunction can be realized, this simple mechanical structure is not only simple in structure, and responding fast, reliable in action.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1,2,3,4 are the dimensional structure diagrams of the utility model, and wherein Fig. 2,3 are to have dismantled spring 80, are torn open in Fig. 4 Spindle box 20 is unloaded；

Fig. 5 is the side view after having dismantled cutting tool assembly；

Fig. 6 is the dimensional structure diagram at the back side of cutting tool assembly；

Fig. 7 is the stereochemical structure of master cam plate 50；

Fig. 8 is the dimensional structure diagram of the mechanism for opening/closing of cutter holder 31 on main shaft；

Fig. 9 is the dimensional structure diagram of tool changing position state in the utility model；

Figure 10 is the left view of Fig. 9.

Specific implementation mode

In conjunction with Fig. 1,2,3,4, efficiently machining center includes the spindle box 20 being arranged in rack 10 and rack 10 for tool changing, main The spindle motor 21 of the rotation of driving spindle 30 is connected on axle box 20, spindle box 20 is by leading in tractor drives edge rack 10 The direction movement that rail 11 limits, the shaft end that main shaft 30 is stretched out from spindle box 20 is provided with the cutter holder 31 of clamping cutter A, spindle box Swing arm 60 is provided between 20 and rack 10,60 lower end of swing arm has bayonet 63 and the keying pull rod 32 of cutter holder 31 to coordinate, swing arm 60 Upper end and the folder knife master cam plate 70 that is arranged in rack 10 against cooperation, swing arm 60 is pole shape and bending place is hinged on On spindle box 20.When swing arm 60 is rotated around articulated shaft, swing arm 60 is swung with its lower end while 20 synchronizing moving of spindle box, and Drive the opening and closing movement for opening and closing the action of pull rod 32 and implementing cutter holder 31 of cutter holder 31.

In said program, spindle box 20 is driven by the tractor that feed screw nut's sliding block is constituted, nut slider and spindle box 20 are connected, and sliding block coordinates with guide rail 11 simultaneously.

In order to ensure the keying of cutter holder 31, ensures the action moment of swing arm 60 by the way that cam mechanism is arranged, press from both sides knife profiling Lobe plate 70 is the plate of vertical and plate face and main shaft 30 are coplanar, and it is imitative that 30 edges of boards of main shaft are closed on master cam plate 70 Shape cam side 71, the epimere on master cam side 71 is the straight flange parallel with main shaft 30, hypomere is bevel edge, the upper end of bevel edge section and master 30 spacing of axis is close, lower end and 30 spacing of main shaft are remote, and the lower end of straight flange is postponed with the upper end of bevel edge to be connected.

More preferably scheme, which is that the first idler wheel 61 of the master cam side 71 and 60 upper end of swing arm constitutes to roll, matches It closes, swing arm 60 is hinged on by articulated shaft 62 on spindle box 20, and the bayonet 63 of 60 lower end of swing arm is U-shaped, and the prong of bayonet 63, which encloses, to be set Be hinged on the casing 64 being arranged on main shaft 30 and by axis pin 65, first idler wheel 61, articulated shaft 62 and axis pin 65 axis Core is mutually parallel and in horizontal plane.

In said program, swing arm 60 is moved with spindle box 20 and the straight flange of the first idler wheel 61 and the epimere on master cam side 71 When contact, swing arm 60 is rotated around articulated shaft 62, and 60 bayonet 63 of swing arm at this time is in the next state, and cutter holder 31 is in the open state, The preparation state unloaded knife, press from both sides knife can be completed at this time；When cutter A is in the clamp mouth part of cutter holder 31, swing arm 60 is under spindle box 20 When the bevel edge of shifting and the first idler wheel 61 and 71 hypomere of master cam side contacts, swing arm 60 is rotated around articulated shaft 62, at this time swing arm 60 Bayonet 63 is in upper state, and cutter holder 31 is in clamping state clamp-on tool A, and cutting can be completed in spindle box 20 when continuing to move down It feeds.

Due to the requirement of the upper and lower displacement stroke of spindle box 20, simultaneously because the location of folder knife master cam plate 70 It is required that it is at the channel in rack 10, which supplies 22 upper and lower displacement of sliding block being connect with spindle box 20 to be used, sliding block 22 On there is nut to be constituted with lead screw 12 leading screw and nut mechanism moved up and down to drag spindle box 20, so this requires press from both sides knife profiling The lower end that the size of the upper and lower directions of lobe plate 70 should not be too large i.e. folder knife master cam plate 70 should not be too low, and otherwise knife profiling is convex Wheel plate 70 can interfere phenomenon with sliding block 22.In order to avoid the appearance of above-mentioned interference phenomenon, press from both sides under knife master cam plate 70 End position is relatively high, the hypomere lower end of the first idler wheel 61 and master cam side 71 when spindle box 20 moves down into specific location It is separated from each other, for such case once occurring, swing arm 60 will turn to the first idler wheel 61 to the side far from main shaft 30 around articulated shaft 62 To offset, when spindle box 20 moves up, the first idler wheel 61 will be unable to arrive at and be combined with the lower end of 71 hypomere of master cam side Rolling mated condition, i.e. the first idler wheel 61 will be in the location status interfered with master cam side 71, to ensure main shaft 30 feed stroke when being moved down with spindle box 20, while ensureing that first idler wheel 61 and profiling are convex when main shaft 30 is moved up with spindle box 20 Wheel side 71 can also be restored to rolling mated condition, and the utility model provides after the first idler wheel 61 is detached from master cam side 71 still The solution of 60 posture of swing arm, the i.e. back side of swing arm 60 can be kept to have limit bar 23, limit bar 23 to be arranged in spindle box On 20,23 middle part of limit bar is connected with trimming bolt 231, and there is the back side of block 232 and swing arm 60 on the head of trimming bolt 231 Against cooperation, limit spring is equipped between swing arm 60 and spindle box 20, limit spring is being not shown in figure, and limit spring provides bullet Power drives swing arm 60 to be rotated to the place side on block 232 and master cam side 71, the first idler wheel 61 of 60 upper end of swing arm The back side of swing arm 60 and block 232 are against cooperation when being combined with the lower end on master cam side 71.

After said program solves the lower end disengaging on the first idler wheel 61 and master cam side 71, the displacement road of the first idler wheel 61 Diameter be vertical to straight line, first idler wheel 61 and master cam when the first idler wheel 61 rises to the lower end on master cam side 71 Side 71 will have no deviation and be restored to rolling mated condition.

The utility model provides not only the driving mechanism of the keying pull rod 32 of cutter holder 31, additionally provides the quick of tool magazine 40 Indexable scheme, detailed description below.

Tool magazine assembly 40 is whole in cone plate-like, and tool magazine assembly 40 includes peviform knife rest 41, the basin edge of peviform knife rest 41 It is laid with the cutter bayonet 411 of elastic opening shape, in conjunction with Fig. 6, is equipped at the cutter bayonet 411 of lowest order shown in Fig. 6 The ailhead a of cutter A, cutter A upward, the state be just receive cutter or it is standby with regard to cutter wait for the cutter holder 31 of main shaft 30 to be clamped so as to Tool changing, tool magazine holder 42 is disposed at the basin mouth of peviform knife rest 41 and the two constitutes the cooperation rotated around the first revolution shaft core 423 Connection, the first revolution shaft core 423 is perpendicular to the basin bottom of peviform knife rest 41 and is located at basin bottom center, the electricity connected on tool magazine holder 42 Machine is connected with the shaft on peviform knife rest 41, and the shaft core of the shaft constitutes the first revolution shaft core 423, and shaft is not shown in Fig. 6, The axis hole 44 of installation shaft is illustrated only, the first revolution shaft core 423 is overlapped with axis hole 44, tool magazine holder 42 and rack 10 It being hinged by the second articulated shaft 421, the second articulated shaft 421 is arranged with 30 shaft core of main shaft, the first revolution shaft core spacing respectively, second Articulated shaft 421 and 30 shaft core of main shaft, the first revolution shaft core institute coplanar orthogonal, are provided with convex between tool magazine holder 42 and spindle box 20 Mechanism cooperation is taken turns, cam mechanism drives tool magazine assembly 40 to be swung around the second articulated shaft 421, tool magazine assembly when tool magazine assembly 40 is swung At 31 face of cutter holder or deviation position at cutter A on 40 and on main shaft 30.I.e. in the utility model, tool magazine assembly 40 and machine The upper end of frame 10 is articulated and connected, and tool magazine assembly 40 is arranged in suspension type posture close to spindle box 20 and main shaft 30, tool magazine assembly 40 Indexable path is small between tool changing position and tool changing wait for position, and actually tool magazine assembly 40 turns between tool changing position and tool changing wait for position Parallactic angle degree only has 30~40 °, and response is very quick, reliable, and gravity, elastic force and purely mechanic cam mechanism are utilized when indexable It realizes, driven without Electric Traction mechanism, energy-saving effect is notable.

Preferred embodiment is, vertical, 10 top of rack are set along the vertical direction for the rack 10 and guide rail 11 thereon Mounting bracket 13 is set, the suspension end of mounting bracket 13 is arranged hinge hole 133, there is shaft stool 422 on tool magazine holder 42, and second is hinged Axis 421 is arranged on shaft stool 422 and is hingedly rotatably assorted with the composition of hinge hole 133, and shaft stool 422 is on tool magazine assembly 40 The setting of portion edge, 40 lower edges of tool magazine assembly are in free pendulum state, and spring is connected between rack 10 and tool magazine holder 42 80, spring 80, which provides elastic force, drives tool magazine assembly 40 to be rotated to 30 side of main shaft around the second articulated shaft 421.The setting of spring 80 The free pendulum of 40 lower edges of tool magazine assembly is exactly allowed to suffer restraints, it is ensured that cam mechanism is in mated condition, to ensure Tool magazine assembly 40 is in appropriate location.

In order to ensure that the position of tool magazine assembly 40 is appropriate and is reliably connected, as shown in Fig. 2,5, it is preferable that suspension Holder 13 includes two suspension bars 131, and one end of two suspension bars 131 is fixed on 10 top of rack, and the suspension end of two suspension bars 131 connects Be connected to cross bar 132, hinge hole 133 laid on cross bar 132, the unobstructed area up and down that mounting bracket 13 surrounds constitute spindle box 20 and Spindle motor 21 moves access.This ensure that avoiding associated supports component interference spindle box under the hanging state of tool magazine assembly 40 20 and spindle motor 21 move be normally carried out.

In conjunction with Fig. 7,9, the cam mechanism between spindle box 20 and tool magazine assembly 40 include be arranged on spindle box 20 it is imitative Shape lobe plate 50, edges of boards of the master cam plate 50 towards tool magazine assembly 40 are cam profiling side 51, the tool magazine branch of tool magazine assembly 40 Second idler wheel 43 is set on frame 42 and constitutes rolling cooperation, revolution shaft core and 30 axis of main shaft of the second idler wheel 43 with cam profiling side 51 Core, the first revolution shaft core institute coplanar orthogonal.

Specific preferred embodiment is that the cam profiling side 51 of master cam plate 50 includes the song of the straight flange 511 and epimere of hypomere Line side 512, the upper end of straight flange 511 and the lower end of curved side 512 are postponed linking, between straight flange 511 and the second articulated shaft 421 away from From less than the distance between curved side 512 and the second articulated shaft 421, the second articulated shaft when moving on to a high position on master cam plate 50 421 are in the middle and lower sections position of curved side 512.The curved side 512 is from being curvature half from bottom to top with 511 joining place of straight flange Diameter changes from small to big, and the middle epimere of curved side 512 is held substantially flat shape.

In combination with Fig. 1, spring 80 is tension spring, and one end is connected to 43 proximity of the second idler wheel, the other end is connected to machine 10 top of frame, spring 80 are located at the position of 20 outside side of spindle box.Structure shown in figure is the upper end connection of spring 80 In the bearing 132 that two suspension bars, 131 middle part is arranged, the elastic force direction that spring 80 so arranged provides is conducive to drive tool magazine Assembly 40 rotates, and can reduce its length.

In conjunction with Fig. 9, in said program, spring 80 provide elastic force ensure the second idler wheel 43 being arranged on tool magazine holder 42 with it is convex Wheel profiling side 51 contacts always, and when spindle box 20 moves up and down, the two, which is constituted, rolls cooperation, and the second idler wheel 43 connects with straight flange 511 It is tool changing working position when touching, when spindle box 20 moves from top to bottom, the second idler wheel 43 contacts with curved side 512 and from curved side 512 lower ends scroll up, this deflects evacuation for tool magazine assembly 40 to the direction far from main shaft 30, the curved side 512 from 11 joining place of straight flange from bottom to top be radius of curvature change from small to big and, the middle epimere of curved side 512 is held substantially flat shape shape It can ensure that tool magazine assembly 40 was rapidly directed away from main shaft 30 before this, then ensure that the second idler wheel 43 and the middle epimere of curved side 512 connect When touching, 30 feed of main shaft cutting.In 30 normal feed cutting process of main shaft, 41 turns of motor driving peviform knife rest on tool magazine 40 It moves and is in lowest order to the cutter bayonet 411 of no cutter A and connects knife, tool changing process so as to next, be not shown in figure motor and structure At the shaft of the first revolution shaft core 423.

Claims (10)

1. the spindle box (20) that a kind of tool changing is efficiently arranged on machining center, including rack (10) and rack (10), spindle box (20) spindle motor (21) of driving spindle (30) rotation is connected on, spindle box (20) is by tractor drives edge rack (10) On the direction movement that limits of guide rail (11), the shaft end that main shaft (30) stretches out in the spindle box (20) is provided with clamping cutter A's Cutter holder (31), it is characterised in that：Swing arm (60) is provided between spindle box (20) and rack (10), there is bayonet in swing arm (60) lower end (63) coordinate with the keying pull rod of cutter holder (31) (32), swing arm (60) upper end and the folder knife master cam being arranged in rack (10) Plate (70) is against cooperation, and swing arm (60) is pole shape and bending place is hinged on spindle box (20).

2. tool changing according to claim 1 efficiently machining center, it is characterised in that：It is vertical to press from both sides knife master cam plate (70) The plate and plate face and main shaft (30) of formula arrangement are coplanar, and it is master cam that main shaft (30) edges of boards are closed on master cam plate (70) Side (71), the epimere of master cam side (71) is the straight flange parallel with main shaft (30), hypomere is bevel edge, the upper end of bevel edge section and master Axis (30) spacing is close, lower end and main shaft (30) spacing are remote, and the lower end of straight flange is postponed with the upper end of bevel edge to be connected.

3. tool changing according to claim 2 efficiently machining center, it is characterised in that：The master cam side (71) with First idler wheel (61) of swing arm (60) upper end, which is constituted, rolls cooperation, and swing arm (60) is hinged on spindle box (20) by articulated shaft (62) On, the bayonet (63) of swing arm (60) lower end is U-shaped, and the prong of bayonet (63), which encloses, to be set on the casing (64) being arranged on main shaft (30) And be hinged by axis pin (65), the shaft core of first idler wheel (61), articulated shaft (62) and axis pin (65) is mutually parallel and is located at In horizontal plane.

4. tool changing according to claim 3 efficiently machining center, it is characterised in that：There is limiting block at the back side of swing arm (60) Bar (23), limit bar (23) are arranged on spindle box (20), and trimming bolt (231) is connected in the middle part of limit bar (23), micro- The head of bolt (231) is adjusted to have the back side of block (232) and swing arm (60) against cooperation, between swing arm (60) and spindle box (20) Equipped with limit spring, limit spring, which provides elastic force, drives swing arm (60) to be rotated to side where block (232), the swing arm (60) When the first idler wheel (61) of upper end is combined with the lower end of master cam side (71) back side of swing arm (60) and block (232) against with It closes.

5. tool changing according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 efficiently machining center, it is characterised in that：Tool magazine assembly (40) Whole is in cone plate-like, and tool magazine assembly (40) includes peviform knife rest (41), and tool magazine holder is disposed at the basin mouth of peviform knife rest (41) (42) and the two constitutes the mating connection rotated around the first revolution shaft core (423), and the first revolution shaft core (423) is perpendicular to peviform knife The basin bottom of frame (41) and the motor connected on basin bottom center, tool magazine holder (42) and the shaft phase on peviform knife rest (41) Even, the shaft core of the shaft constitutes the first revolution shaft core (423), and tool magazine holder (42) is with rack (10) by the second articulated shaft (421) hinged, respectively with main shaft (30) shaft core, first revolution shaft core (423) spacing arrangement, second cuts with scissors the second articulated shaft (421) Spindle (421) and main shaft (30) shaft core, first revolution shaft core (423) institute coplanar orthogonal, tool magazine holder (42) and spindle box (20) Between be provided with cam mechanism cooperation, cam mechanism drive tool magazine assembly (40) around the second articulated shaft (421) swing, tool magazine assembly (40) cutter A when swinging on tool magazine assembly (40) is at cutter holder (31) face or deviation position on main shaft (30).

6. tool changing according to claim 5 efficiently machining center, it is characterised in that：The rack (10) and thereon Mounting bracket (13), the suspension end of mounting bracket (13) is arranged in vertical, rack (10) top to guide rail (11) along the vertical direction Hinge hole (133) is set, has shaft stool (422), the second articulated shaft (421) to be arranged in shaft stool (422) on tool magazine holder (42) It above and with hinge hole (133) composition is hingedly rotatably assorted, shaft stool (422) is close to tool magazine assembly (40) upper edge along setting, knife Library assembly (40) lower edges are in free pendulum state, and spring (80), bullet are connected between rack (10) and tool magazine holder (42) Spring (80), which provides elastic force, drives tool magazine assembly (40) to be rotated to main shaft (30) side around the second articulated shaft (421).

7. tool changing according to claim 6 efficiently machining center, it is characterised in that：Mounting bracket (13) includes two suspensions One end of bar (131), two suspension bars (131) is fixed at the top of rack (10), and the suspension end of two suspension bars (131) is connected with cross bar (132), hinge hole (133) is laid on cross bar (132), the unobstructed area up and down that mounting bracket (13) surrounds constitutes spindle box (20) And spindle motor (21) moves access.

8. tool changing according to claim 5 efficiently machining center, it is characterised in that：Spindle box (20) and tool magazine assembly (40) cam mechanism between includes the master cam plate (50) being arranged on spindle box (20), and master cam plate (50) is towards knife The edges of boards of library assembly (40) are cam profiling side (51), and the second idler wheel (43) is arranged on the tool magazine holder (42) of tool magazine assembly (40) It is constituted with cam profiling side (51) and rolls cooperation, revolution shaft core and main shaft (30) shaft core, the first rotating shaft of the second idler wheel (43) Core institute coplanar orthogonal.

9. tool changing according to claim 8 efficiently machining center, it is characterised in that：The cam of master cam plate (50) is imitative Shape side (51) includes the straight flange (511) of hypomere and the curved side (512) of epimere, the upper end of straight flange (511) and curved side (512) Lower end is postponed linking, and the distance between straight flange (511) and the second articulated shaft (421) are less than curved side (512) and the second articulated shaft The distance between (421), the second articulated shaft (421) is in curved side (512) when moving on to a high position on master cam plate (50) Lower fragment position, the curved side (512) from be from bottom to top with straight flange (511) joining place radius of curvature change from small to big and, it is bent The middle epimere on line side (512) is held substantially flat shape.

10. tool changing according to claim 9 efficiently machining center, it is characterised in that：Spring (80) is tension spring, one end Be connected to the second idler wheel (43) proximity, the other end is connected to rack (10) top, it is external that spring (80) is located at spindle box (20) At the position of side.