CN207296057U - Double ranks surrender energy dissipating bracing members - Google Patents
Double ranks surrender energy dissipating bracing members Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN207296057U CN207296057U CN201721088018.7U CN201721088018U CN207296057U CN 207296057 U CN207296057 U CN 207296057U CN 201721088018 U CN201721088018 U CN 201721088018U CN 207296057 U CN207296057 U CN 207296057U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- bracing members
- energy dissipating
- buckling
- restrained
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of double rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members, is related to civil structure field of engineering technology.This pair of rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members include support core plate, buckling-restrained sleeve, two connecting nodes, steel sleeve damper, seamless steel pipe;The both ends of support core plate are connected each via a connecting node with frame structure;Surrender constraint sleeve is placed in outside support core plate, and collectively forms supportive body with support core plate;The both ends of supportive body are cased with steel sleeve damper and seamless steel pipe respectively, and the one end for being cased with steel sleeve damper is energy dissipating end, and the other end is fixing end;Steel sleeve damper has two opposites cracked, and offers two rows of vertical lines of rabbet joint respectively, is firm band between the line of rabbet joint.This programme, beneficial effect are:Double ranks surrender energy dissipating bracing members provided by the utility model solve the problems, such as traditional energy dissipating bracing members under small shake or middle shake effect can not earthquake energy, while the damage after this pair of rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members shake is also easy to detect.
Description
Technical field
It the utility model is related to civil structure field of engineering technology, more particularly to a kind of double rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members.
Background technology
In steel-frame structure or concrete frame structure, structure entirety is provided by the rigid connection of bean column node
Anti-side rigidity.Although its manufacture craft is simpler, but to meet design needs, beam, column dimension are often designed to be very big, make
Into the uneconomical of structure entirety.Based on this situation, support is added in frame structure and forms support frame structure, utilize branch
The axially loaded of support, to improve the anti-side rigidity and bearing capacity of structure entirety, than pure frame structure economy have it is larger
Lifting.But general support has the problem of being pressurized easy flexing, after compressive buckling is supported, the surrender not only supported carries
Power fails to be not fully exerted, and structure entirety anti-side rigidity and limit lateral capacity will also die-off, for structure safety very not
Profit.On this basis, there is scholar to propose and have developed buckling restrained brace, buckling-restrained braces structure is formd with this.
Buckling restrained brace solves the problems, such as the easy flexing of common support compression, and hysteresis loop is full, and component also has under geological process
There is sufficient energy dissipation capacity.But buckling restrained brace surrender bearing capacity is larger, and bullet will be kept under less geological process
Property, energy dissipation capacity can not be provided for structure, its energy dissipation capacity can just embody when big shake occurs, and shake the damage of rear support
Hinder the more difficult inspection of degree, sufficient foundation can not be provided to shake the reparation of rear support or replacing.So far, pure frame structure, setting
The defects of frame support structure and buckling-restrained frame support structure of support and buckling restrained brace are all there is being previously mentioned.
The content of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is that:Overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide one kind and be used for steel frame or concrete frame
Double ranks surrender energy dissipating bracing members of frame, it can not only solve the problems, such as common support compressive buckling, and be surrendered with double ranks
Feature, can provide small shake energy dissipation capacity for frame structure, and be easy to shake the detection of the rear support extent of damage.
To realize above-mentioned target, the utility model provides following technical solution:
A kind of double rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members, it is characterised in that:Including support core plate (1), buckling-restrained sleeve (2), two
A connecting node (3), steel sleeve damper (4), seamless steel pipe (5);
It is described surrender constraint sleeve (2) be placed in support core plate (1) outside, to suppress support core plate (1) surrender, and with branch
Support core plate (1) collectively forms the supportive body of this pair of rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members;
The both ends of the supportive body are respectively by supporting core plate (1) to be connected with two connecting nodes (3), and pass through two
Connecting node (3) is connected with frame structure;
The both ends of the supportive body are outer respectively to be cased with steel sleeve damper (4) and seamless steel pipe (5), wherein being cased with steel bushing
One end of pipe damper (4) surrenders the energy dissipating end of energy dissipating bracing members for whole double ranks, and the one end for being cased with seamless steel pipe (5) is whole
The fixing end of double rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members;
The steel sleeve damper (4) and seamless steel pipe (5) are firm with the buckling-restrained steel bushing (2) of the supportive body respectively
Property connection;
The steel sleeve damper (4) has two opposites cracked;Two rows are offered respectively on two opposites cracked
The vertical line of rabbet joint (41), is firm band (42) between the line of rabbet joint (41), and the just band (42) is adjusting bearing capacity and improve consumption
Can ability.
Further, the steel sleeve damper (4) has the sleeve structure being adapted with buckling-restrained sleeve (2), and steel
The size of casing damper (4) is more than the size of buckling-restrained casing (2), and is closely coated at buckling-restrained sleeve (2) outside.
Further, two opposites cracked in the steel sleeve damper (4) are used in the steel bar end (43) for cracking remaining
Fillet welding is rigidly connected with plug welding with buckling-restrained sleeve (2).
Further, the steel sleeve damper (4) passes through end plate (6) and its institute in its one end away from seamless steel pipe (5)
Connecting node (3) in side is rigidly connected.
Further, the seamless steel pipe (5) has the sleeve structure being adapted with buckling-restrained sleeve (2), and seamless steel
The size for managing (5) is more than the size of buckling-restrained casing (2), and is closely coated at buckling-restrained sleeve (2) outside, and buckling-restrained
Sleeve (2) is rigidly connected using angle welding.
Further, the seamless steel pipe (5) passes through end plate (6) and its institute in its one end away from steel sleeve damper (4)
Connecting node (3) in side is rigidly connected.
The above technical scheme that the utility model uses, compared with prior art, for example and without limitation, has following
Beneficial effect:Double rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members provided by the utility model solve traditional energy dissipating bracing members in small shake or middle shake
Effect it is lower can not earthquake energy the problem of, while this pair of rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members shake after damage be also easy to detect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view and top view that double ranks that the utility model embodiment provides surrender energy dissipating bracing members;
Fig. 2 is the longitdinal cross-section diagram that double ranks that the utility model embodiment provides surrender energy dissipating bracing members;
Fig. 3 is the energy consumption face schematic diagram for the steel bushing damper that the utility model embodiment provides;
Fig. 4 is the connection diagram that double ranks that the utility model embodiment provides surrender energy dissipating bracing members and frame structure;
Fig. 5 is that double ranks that the utility model embodiment provides surrender work signal of the energy dissipating bracing members under geological process
Figure.
Description of reference numerals:
Support core plate 1, buckling-restrained sleeve 2, connecting node 3, steel sleeve damper 4, the line of rabbet joint 41, firm band 42, steel bar
End 43, seamless steel pipe 5, end plate 6, ribbed stiffener 7.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and its attached drawing double ranks provided by the utility model are surrendered with the skill of energy dissipating bracing members
Art scheme is described further.With reference to following explanation, will be apparent from feature the advantages of the utility model.
It should be noted that the embodiment of the utility model has preferable implementation, it is not any to the utility model
The restriction of form.The combination of technical characteristic or technical characteristic described in the utility model embodiment is not construed as orphan
Vertical, they can be mutually combined so as to reach superior technique effect.The scope of the utility model preferred embodiment
It can include other realization, and this should be understood by the utility model embodiment person of ordinary skill in the field.
It may be not discussed in detail for technology, method and apparatus known to person of ordinary skill in the relevant, but suitable
In the case of, the technology, method and apparatus should be considered as authorizing part for specification.Institute that is shown here and discussing
Have in example, any occurrence should be construed as merely exemplary, not as restriction.Therefore, exemplary embodiment
Other examples can have different values.
The attached drawing of the utility model uses using very simplified form and non-accurate ratio, only to facilitate,
The purpose of the utility model embodiment is lucidly aided in illustrating, is not to limit the enforceable qualifications of the utility model.Appoint
What modification of structure, the change of proportionate relationship or adjustment of size, is not influencing effect and the institute that the utility model can be generated
Under the purpose that can reach, it should all fall in the range of the revealed technology contents of the utility model can be covered.And this practicality is new
Identical label appeared in each attached drawing of type represents identical feature or component, can be applied in different embodiments.
Embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the utility model provides a kind of for the surrender energy dissipating of double ranks of steel frame or concrete frame
Bracing members.
As shown in Figure 1, this pair of rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members include 2, two support core plate 1, buckling-restrained steel bushing connections
Node 3, steel sleeve damper 4 and seamless steel pipe 5.Wherein, the both ends of core plate 1 are supported each via a connecting node 3 and frame
Frame structure connects, specifically, one end of each connecting node 3 and the end rigid connection (as welded) of support core plate 1, the other end
High strength exploitation is used with frame structure;Surrender constraint sleeve 2 is placed in outside support core plate 1 to suppress to support core plate 1
Surrender, and with supporting core plate 1 to collectively form the supportive body of this pair of rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members;The both ends difference of the supportive body
Steel sleeve damper 4 and seamless steel pipe 5 are cased with, wherein energy dissipating steel is surrendered in the one end for being cased with steel sleeve damper 4 for whole double ranks
The energy dissipating end of support, the one end for being cased with seamless steel pipe 5 surrenders the fixing end of energy dissipating bracing members for whole double ranks, and steel sleeve damps
The buckling-restrained steel bushing 2 of device 4 and seamless steel pipe 5 respectively with the supportive body is rigidly connected.
Further, steel sleeve damper 4 passes through end plate 6 and the company of its side in its one end away from seamless steel pipe 5
Node 3 is connect to be rigidly connected;Meanwhile seamless steel pipe 5 passes through another end plate 6 and its institute in its one end away from steel sleeve damper 4
Connecting node 3 in side is rigidly connected.In addition, some ribbed stiffeners 7 are each both provided between connecting node 3 and end plate 6, and
Some ribbed stiffeners 7 are surrounded on outside connecting node 3 respectively.
In the utility model, the maximum load-carrying capacity of this pair of rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members is determined by support core plate 1, therefore
Area of section, the cross sectional shape for supporting core plate 1 can be designed according to actual needs, but should ensure that it under small shake effect
Elasticity can be kept, plastic deformation and unlikely fracture can occur under big shake effect.
Further, as shown in Figure 1, steel sleeve damper 4 is by the front and rear sleeve structure that four faces are formed up and down, wherein before
It is below two opposites cracked, top and bottom are two opposites do not cracked;Offered respectively on two opposites cracked two rows of perpendicular
To the line of rabbet joint 41, be firm band 42 between the line of rabbet joint 41, to adjust bearing capacity and improve energy dissipation capacity.Wherein, the line of rabbet joint 41
Length x Width, the factor such as wall thickness of quantity and steel sleeve damper 4 can all need be adjusted according to frame structure, with full
The anti-side rigidity of sufficient frame structure and the needs of bearing capacity;And the thickness of steel sleeve damper 4 is bigger, bearing capacity, rigidity are bigger;
When the timing of thickness one, the aspect ratio (can be adjusted by the length and width of the line of rabbet joint) of strip of steel 42 is smaller, and rigidity, bearing capacity are got over
Greatly, low cycle fatigue property is lower, and low cycle fatigue property is deteriorated.In addition, strip of steel number arranged side by side also can adjust.
Further, as shown in Fig. 2, steel sleeve damper 4 has the sleeve structure being adapted with buckling-restrained sleeve 2, and
The size of steel sleeve damper 4 is slightly larger than the size of buckling-restrained casing 2, so that steel sleeve damper 4 can be externally fitted to bend
Song constraint sleeve 2, and can firmly be welded and between buckling-restrained sleeve 2 easy to make processing.
As shown in figure 3, two opposites cracked in steel sleeve damper 4 can use fillet welding in the steel bar end 43 for cracking remaining
It is rigidly connected with plug welding with buckling-restrained sleeve 2.Meanwhile every mechanical property of steel sleeve damper 4 includes rigidity, carrying
The strip of steel 42 left between the line of rabbet joint 41 all as shown in Figure 3 such as power, low cycle fatigue property determines;Therefore, in actual use may be used
Strip of steel 42 is designed in turn according to the performance requirement to whole double rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members, and then influences steel sleeve
The mechanical property of damper 4 and whole double rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members.
Thus, in the utility model, the performance of energy dissipating bracing members can be surrendered for whole double ranks according to frame structure
It is required that to adjust the size of the strip of steel 42 of steel sleeve damper 4 and support the sectional area of core plate 1 to meet structural requirement.
Meanwhile seamless steel pipe 5 also has the sleeve structure being adapted with buckling-restrained sleeve 2, and the size of seamless steel pipe 5
The size of also slightly larger than buckling-restrained casing 2, so that seamless steel pipe 5 can closely be coated at buckling-restrained sleeve 2, and with bending
Can firmly it be welded between song constraint sleeve 2 and easy to make processing.Preferably, seamless steel pipe 5 and buckling-restrained steel bushing 2 it
Between can be rigidly connected using angle welding.Further, since seamless steel pipe 5 also passes through the connection of end plate 6 and its side
Node 3 is rigidly connected by the way of fillet welding, and some ribbed stiffeners 7 are additionally provided between the connecting node 3 and end plate 6.Therefore,
Buckling-restrained sleeve 2 can be constrained along the whole axial rigid displacement of support.
As shown in figure 4, when using process, this pair of rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members can be connected with frame structure using bolt
Connect, specific connection mode is:The welding node plate at bean column node, open on gusset plate with 3 corresponding bolt hole of connecting node,
The two is directly connected to using high-strength bolt.
In the utility model, since the surrender low bearing capacity of steel sleeve damper 4 is in the surrender carrying of support core plate 1
Power.Thus, under less seismic loading, steel sleeve damper 4 is surrendered, and earthquake energy;And larger
Under seismic loading, the surrender of the first rank occurs for steel sleeve damper 4, and second-order surrender occurs for support core plate 1.
As shown in figure 5, under geological process, the strip of steel 42 in steel sleeve damper 4 takes the lead in that plastic deformation consumption occurs
Energy.It is steel sleeve damper 4, buckling-restrained steel bushing 2, seamless with the increase along support xial feed in seismic process
5 three components of steel pipe can occur along the axial deformation of support, be limited since the rigidity of buckling-restrained sleeve 2 is mobile by seamless steel pipe 5
System, i.e., seamless steel pipe 5 limits, and rigid relative displacement does not occur between the buckling-restrained sleeve 2 of side and connecting node 3;
Thus, after stress is supported for whole, the strip of steel 42 of firm casing damper 4 will bend, detrusion, with load by
Step increase, bending, detrusion progressively become larger, and until the end of strip of steel 42 is surrendered, the rigidity of steel sleeve damper 4 is opened
Begin to decline, bearing capacity rises slowly, and so far the first rank surrender occurs.
Further, can also by adjusting steel sleeve damper 4 and buckling-restrained sleeve 2 edge support axial rigidity it
Than to adjust the generation area of axial displacement:If wishing, steel sleeve damper 4 is surrendered under relatively small axial displacement, is improved and is bent
The ratio of rigidity of song constraint sleeve 2 and steel sleeve damper 4;If wishing, steel sleeve damper 4 is surrendered under larger axial displacement,
Reduce the ratio of rigidity of buckling-restrained sleeve 2 and steel sleeve damper 4.In the utility model, above design-adjustable, Yi Ji
The realization of single order surrender is all based on employing seamless steel pipe 5, and limits buckling-restrained sleeve 2 solid by seamless steel pipe 5
The rigid displacement of fixed end, that is, avoid and relative displacement occur between buckling-restrained sleeve 2 and connecting node 3.
The technical solution of the utility model, for example and without limitation, has the advantages that:
(1) during design support core plate, the surrender low bearing capacity of steel sleeve damper is in the surrender bearing capacity of support core plate.Cause
And under less seismic loading, steel sleeve damper is surrendered, and earthquake energy, and in larger earthquake lotus
Under load effect, second-order surrender occurs for bracing members core plate, and further earthquake energy, solves traditional small shake of energy dissipating bracing members
Or under middle shake effect can not earthquake energy the problem of.
(2) damage of this pair of rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members is easy to detect.Since steel sleeve damper energy consumption original paper is exposed, its
Plastic deformation even breaking degree easily detects, and can instruct to determine whether need replacing support after shaking.
(3) this pair of rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members are factory-made component, and scene is bolted, and speed of application is fast, energy-saving ring
Protect.
(4) the utility model is suitable for steel construction, concrete structure house or office building, and particularly assembled damping is built
In building.
Foregoing description is only the description to the utility model preferred embodiment, is not to any of the scope of the utility model
Limit.Any change or modification that any those skilled in the art makes according to the technology contents of the disclosure above are equal
Equivalent effective embodiment should be considered as, belong to the scope of technical solutions of the utility model protection.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. double rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members, it is characterised in that:Including support core plate (1), buckling-restrained sleeve (2), two Connecting node (3), steel sleeve damper (4), seamless steel pipe (5);The surrender constraint sleeve (2) is placed in support core plate (1) outside, to suppress to support the surrender of core plate (1), and and supporting-core Plate (1) collectively forms the supportive body of this pair of rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members;The both ends of the supportive body pass through two connections respectively by supporting core plate (1) to be connected with two connecting nodes (3) Node (3) is connected with frame structure;The both ends of the supportive body are outer respectively to be cased with steel sleeve damper (4) and seamless steel pipe (5), wherein being cased with steel sleeve resistance One end of Buddhist nun's device (4) is the energy dissipating end of whole bracing members, and the one end for being cased with seamless steel pipe (5) is the fixing end of whole bracing members;The buckling-restrained steel bushing (2) of the steel sleeve damper (4) and seamless steel pipe (5) respectively with the supportive body rigidly connects Connect;There are two opposites cracked on the steel sleeve damper (4);Two above and below being offered respectively on two opposites cracked The vertical line of rabbet joint (41) is arranged, is firm band (42) between the line of rabbet joint (41), the just band (42) is adjusting bearing capacity and improve Energy dissipation capacity.
- 2. double rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Steel sleeve damper (4) tool There is the sleeve structure being adapted with buckling-restrained sleeve (2), and the size of steel sleeve damper (4) is more than buckling-restrained sleeve (2) size, and closely it is coated at buckling-restrained sleeve (2) outside.
- 3. double rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The steel sleeve damper (4) is opened Two opposites of seam are rigidly connected using fillet welding in the steel bar end (43) for cracking remaining with plug welding with buckling-restrained sleeve (2).
- 4. double rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The steel sleeve damper (4) exists Its one end away from seamless steel pipe (5) is rigidly connected by the connecting node (3) of end plate (6) and its side.
- 5. double rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The seamless steel pipe (5) have with The adaptable sleeve structure of buckling-restrained sleeve (2), and the size of seamless steel pipe (5) is more than the size of buckling-restrained sleeve (2), And closely it is coated at buckling-restrained sleeve (2) outside, it is rigidly connected with buckling-restrained sleeve (2) using angle welding.
- 6. double rank surrender energy dissipating bracing members according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The seamless steel pipe (5) is remote at its One end from steel sleeve damper (4) is rigidly connected by the connecting node (3) of end plate (6) and its side.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201721088018.7U CN207296057U (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2017-08-29 | Double ranks surrender energy dissipating bracing members |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201721088018.7U CN207296057U (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2017-08-29 | Double ranks surrender energy dissipating bracing members |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN207296057U true CN207296057U (en) | 2018-05-01 |
Family
ID=62438972
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201721088018.7U Active CN207296057U (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2017-08-29 | Double ranks surrender energy dissipating bracing members |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN207296057U (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107514068A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-26 | 同济大学 | Double ranks surrender energy dissipating bracing members |
CN110260038A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-20 | 中国石油工程建设有限公司 | A kind of interim governing system of land buried pipeline floating buckling and method |
-
2017
- 2017-08-29 CN CN201721088018.7U patent/CN207296057U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107514068A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-26 | 同济大学 | Double ranks surrender energy dissipating bracing members |
CN110260038A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-20 | 中国石油工程建设有限公司 | A kind of interim governing system of land buried pipeline floating buckling and method |
CN110260038B (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2024-01-26 | 中国石油工程建设有限公司 | Temporary treatment system and method for floating buckling of land buried pipeline |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN107514068A (en) | Double ranks surrender energy dissipating bracing members | |
CN107816243B (en) | High-strength steel column-common steel beam steel support-low yield point steel connecting beam resettable structure | |
Wang et al. | Bidirectional seismic performance of steel beam to circular tubular column connections with outer diaphragm | |
CN103774861B (en) | A kind of reinforcement means of grid structure bar | |
CN104005490B (en) | Anti-buckling limit support member for reinforcing post-yield stiffness | |
CN207296057U (en) | Double ranks surrender energy dissipating bracing members | |
CN110725406A (en) | Connecting method of composite steel pipe concrete column and steel beam and integral type external reinforcing ring connecting node | |
CN105926795B (en) | A kind of sleeve pipe constraining anti-buckling support with symmetrical initial imperfection | |
CN204919858U (en) | Buckling restrained brace component | |
CN105133843B (en) | Bracing members can be discharged with the installation method of the device of erection stage internal force | |
CN110863578A (en) | Novel U-shaped steel plate energy consumption support | |
CN105971143B (en) | A kind of buckling restrained brace type damper with symmetrical initial imperfection | |
CN105971355B (en) | A kind of casing constraining anti-buckling support with brilliant energy consumption unit | |
CN106049952B (en) | A kind of end has the buckling control support of duplex pyramid type energy consumption unit | |
CN203113847U (en) | Steel structural main factory building structure of thermal power plant | |
CN207714796U (en) | A kind of anti-seismic strengthening device for reinforced concrete beam column node | |
CN101761136A (en) | Structure joint simultaneously meeting constraint requirements of space in different directions | |
CN211597064U (en) | Integral external strengthening ring compound steel pipe concrete column and steel beam connecting node | |
Peng et al. | Seismic behaviors of the composite central brace with steel ring damper | |
CN209099556U (en) | A kind of Novel supporting-type metal energy consumption coupling beam | |
CN105971356A (en) | Energy dissipation type buckling constraint support with symmetrical initial imperfection unit at end | |
CN108222286A (en) | Prefabricated modular buckling restrained brace bolted and welded connection node | |
CN205875863U (en) | Bending restriction supporting component | |
CN211341249U (en) | Low yield point buckling restrained brace of high seismic fortification intensity steel construction | |
Chen et al. | Analysis of the Bearing Capacity of a Steel Structural Member after Reinforcement |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |