CN206281570U - Hyperspectral imager based on step optical filter - Google Patents
Hyperspectral imager based on step optical filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN206281570U CN206281570U CN201621281619.5U CN201621281619U CN206281570U CN 206281570 U CN206281570 U CN 206281570U CN 201621281619 U CN201621281619 U CN 201621281619U CN 206281570 U CN206281570 U CN 206281570U
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- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VMXUWOKSQNHOCA-UKTHLTGXSA-N ranitidine Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\C=C(/NC)NCCSCC1=CC=C(CN(C)C)O1 VMXUWOKSQNHOCA-UKTHLTGXSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2803—Investigating the spectrum using photoelectric array detector
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2803—Investigating the spectrum using photoelectric array detector
- G01J2003/2813—2D-array
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Abstract
This patent discloses a kind of hyperspectral imager based on step optical filter, beam splitting system realizes that spectrum is separated using step optical filter, the mode of whole optical system sampling secondary imaging realizes the separation of step optical filter and focus planardetector, using piezoelectric ceramics deflection mechanism, accurately carry out IMC, detector crosses use to ground object target 1/m (m is the corresponding detector sampling line number of single spectrum) redundancy, prevents from causing ground object target drain sweep because optical filter transition row is light tight.Whole system simple structure, it is lightweight, equivalent 1 times of the reading frame frequency m of system can be improved, and free chosen spectrum wave band can be needed according to system application, this ultra-optical spectrum imaging system is very high to reading frame rate requirement and has particularly pertinent advantage to the spectral band discontinuous occasion of requirement.
Description
Technical field
This patent is related to the remote sensing technology processing method in field of aerospace, specifically may apply to earth observation and army
In the hyperspectral imager of the observation earth surface object spectras such as thing scouting and geological information acquisition methods.
Background technology
In aerospace field, hyperspectral imager is the important load of the satellites such as earth observation, military surveillance.By this
A little load can simultaneously obtain the space geometry information and spectral information of observed object, know with unique acquisition of information and feature
Other ability.The Instrument Design method of hyperspectral imager is directly connected to the core capabilities index of system.
In super spectral instrument equipment, typically by full color optical system, beam splitting system, focus planardetector, process circuit
And the composition such as mechanical structure.Beam splitting system is a core component in hyperspectral imager, and its method for designing and characteristic are to super
The key technical index of optical spectrum imagers plays a decisive role.Usually used prismatic decomposition, grating beam splitting and Fourier light splitting,
It is all continuous spectrum to separate spectrum, and it is a unique special spectrum wave band to correspond to the spectrum on every row pixel, it is desirable to optical splitter
Part optical efficiency in thang-kng spectral coverage is high, and the spectrum outside thang-kng spectral coverage scope does not pass through.Other light splitting in this manner
Component, spectrophotometric spectra is all continuous in wide spectral range, typically uses push-scan imaging mode, with advances in technology
The need for application, to the speed ratio high and fast imaging Capability Requirement more and more higher of hyperspectral imager, focal plane is so required
Detector has reading frame frequency very high, and data volume can be very big, can carry out great pressure to follow-up data treatment and transmission belt, and
And in the range of same optical channel, near the spectral coverage that spectrum can only set, it is impossible to needed freely to choose according to practical application.
The content of the invention
The presence of traditional spectroscopic modes hyperspectral imager limitation based on more than, this patent proposes that a kind of new ultraphotic is composed into
As instrument --- the hyperspectral imager based on step optical filter.The hyperspectral imager designed using the method and IMC,
The equivalent reading frame frequency of system can be greatly improved, is needed according to application, additionally it is possible to convenient chosen spectrum wave band.
The hyperspectral imager of this patent is made up of five major parts as shown in Figure 1：Optical system, IMC system
System, step optical filter, planar array detector, electronic system.
Described optical system includes an optical telescope and secondary relay optical；
Described IMC system is the arrangement for deflecting of piezoelectric ceramics, by electronic system control；
Described electronic system includes that piezoelectric deflector drives and detector drives and data acquisition；
Each spectral coverage m image scanning row of correspondence of described step optical filter, coordinates by with IMC mechanism, will
The equivalent frame frequency that reads of the system of super spectral instrument improves m-1 times, is to be exchanged on system time using the more than needed of detector space
It is not enough；The spectrum interval and spectral width of ultraphotic spectrum are determined that spectrum is freely chosen by step optical filter by step optical filter, full
Sufficient different application is asked；
Described hyperspectral imager structure is as follows：Polaroid telescope foremost, is being an optics, telescope receipts
Collection optical signalling, converges to remote light；Before an optics focal plane, there is the tilt platform of piezoelectric ceramics, lead to
The deflection opposite with scanning direction of overshoot platform is realized staring steady picture；Step optical filter is placed on a focal plane, its geometry
Detector pixel 1 in size and secondary focal plane：1 correspondence, the light of full spectral coverage by after step optical filter light splitting, be changed into by
The light of geometric position difference optical spectrum phase step change, this group is by the different light in geometric position and position of spectral line one in detector face
One correspondence；The light of Spline smoothing is composed again by secondary imaging optics, is ultimately imaged on the detector of secondary focal plane, over the ground
Thing target imaging, the atural object purpose curve of spectrum and several picture are exported by detector photoelectric conversion.
System theory of constitution：Prml signal is introduced through telescope stares IMC mirror, and IMC mirror is swung,
When flying platform is along rail flight, make to detector Shangdi image to stare the atural object always in detector exposure period.Light is passed through
The step optical filter being reflected on telescope focal plane of IMC mirror is crossed, full spectral coverage light is after filtering step optical filter
, it is changed into the light of narrow-band spectrum, realize spectrum separation.Because integrated optical filter thang-kng spectral coverage is Spline smoothing, so
Light spectral coverage after optical filter is the spectral line of Spline smoothing, the light of spectrum step change type by secondary imaging optics, again
It is imaged onto on the planar array detector on secondary imaging system focal plane.The incident spectral energy of explorer response, produces electric signal, complete
Into the conversion of photosignal.The electric signal of detector output is processed by Simulation scale-up, and meter is collected after A/D sample format layouts
Calculation machine, by the geometry reconstruction and Spectral Reconstruction of detector data, can obtain earth's surface geometry and spectral information.
Critical component step optical filter in described system, it passes through optical spectrum phase step change, and its spectrum and geometry are such as
Shown in Fig. 3.Geometrically m image scanning row of each spectral coverage correspondence, passes through at each image scanning row optical filter in this spectral coverage
There is an excessive band for image scanning line width on identical spectral band, one end border of m image scanning row, and intermediate zone is impermeable
Light.Different big wave band optical filter joining places has a splicing tape, and the width of splicing tape is m image scanning row.So own
Spectral band and splicing tape geometrically all correspond to m image scanning row, facilitate whole step optical filter making, IMC
Implement the geometry and Spectral Reconstruction with data.
In spectral characteristic, due to the limitation for making, its spectrum is in certain spectral band model to single big wave band optical filter
Interior Spline smoothing, variation tendency is dull consistent.But major wave band filter spectral wave bands of splicing can arbitrarily be set, foundation should
Selected the need for.Geometrically, as long as the splicing of several big optical filters meets matches that to put up with can be with detector.
Each wave band m image scanning row of detector of correspondence, it is saturating at each image scanning row optical filter in this wave band
Cross identical spectral band.For with the m hyperspectral imager of image scanning row same spectra, by IMC into
Picture, it is possible to the equivalent frame frequency that reads of the system of super spectral instrument is improved m-1 times, the spy of system focal plane is also equivalent to accordingly
M-1 times of the read-out speed reduction of device is surveyed, its essence is the deficiency for exchanging the time for using the surplus of system space.
As shown in Figure 4, in camera flight course, the deflection of circuit drives piezoelectric ceramics is filled IMC system principle
Put, the opposite direction towards camera flight is rotated, then the upper picture for falling detector coagulates all the time in detector exposure time range
A ground target is treated as, plays a part of steady picture.
The moving displacement curve of IMC includes two processes, IMC motion as shown in figure 5, entirely compensating displacement
Process and return course, T1~TAn is compensation process in figure, the light on focal plane that its angular velocity of satellite motion and camera flight are caused
Learn angular speed equal in magnitude, in the opposite direction；TAn~TBn is the stage that compensating glass is returned, to prepare to compensate, during exposure next time
Between and time of return summation be equal to m-1 row pixels time for exposure.The initial time of IMC will be transferred to focal plane spy
Device is surveyed, allows IMC and detector to drive synchronization onwards.
Described IMC geometric match aspect, m image scanning row one spectral band of correspondence of step optical filter, but by
There is intermediate zone not thang-kng in two wave bands, the image scanning of spectral coverage thang-kng is m-1 rows in fact, in order to obtain all ground object targets
Spectral information, it is necessary to make the single exposure of IMC correspond to m-1 image scanning row.Its essence is equivalent to detector over the ground
The over-sampling of thing target 1/m redundancies.
Spectroscopic data to detector image-forming carries out geometry reconstruction and Spectral Reconstruction, extracts ground object target hyperspectral data and stands
Cube, it is possible to which payment is used using department.
This patent has the advantages that：
1. this patent carries out spectrum separation using step optical filter, and simple structure is lightweight, can be needed according to application,
It is convenient that spectrum and spectral resolution are set.
2. this patent using cooperatively by IMC and step optical filter, can make the equivalent reading frame frequency institute of system
Improve m-1 times.
3. it is particularly very high to reading frame rate requirement during this patent may apply to various types of Hyper spectral Imaging instruments
And have particularly pertinent advantage to the spectral band discontinuous hyperspectral imager of requirement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition function block diagram of hyperspectral imager.
Fig. 2 is hyperspectral imager optical system diagram.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of step optical filter.
Fig. 4 is IMC space displacement graph of a relation.
Fig. 5 is IMC displacement relation figure.
Fig. 6 is spectral arrangement and Spectral Reconstruction figure, and figure (a) is detector surface filter array schematic diagram, and figure (b) is to carry
Take Image Reconstruction figure.
Specific embodiment
Specific implementation of the patent mode is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
According to above design philosophy, the hyperspectral imager of a set of checking system is designed, its particular technique index is as follows
Table：
The light-duty ultraphotic spectrum camera technical indicator of table 1
The step optical filter of 64 passages is designed, its spectral region is 1.1~2.5 μm, is spliced by four big wave band optical filters
Into an optical filter for entirety, physical dimension of its design wants strict corresponding with focus planardetector size.Focal plane detection
Device uses the SW 320*256HgCdTe detectors of SORRADIR.
In the optical system of described Fig. 2, IMC system is dynamic, and adjusting its yawing moment makes yawing moment and wear
Rail is parallel, the geometry summit that optical axis passes through tilt platform deflection angle, and the angle fixation peacekeeping optical axis of tilt platform is vertical.
After adjusting position and the angle of IMC tilt platform, deflection, pitching and its tool of step optical filter are adjusted
Put in vitro, allow it to be on a focal plane, the spectrum peacekeeping of optical filter is parallel along rail direction.The plane of whole optical filter is vertical
In optical axis.
Secondary relay optical is installed, allows it to image in secondary focal plane, focus planardetector is fixed on secondary focal plane
On, its position, deflection and pitching are adjusted, make focus planardetector plane perpendicular to primary optical axis, the spectrum peacekeeping step of detector
The spectrum dimension of optical filter is consistent, and so geometrically, whole camera is just installed.
Described IMC system will combine adjustment with the structure of the exposure of detector and step optical filter.Root
According to geometric position, the deflection angle and speed of IMC system are adjusted, make it to m-1 image scanning row ground of optical filter correspondence
Thing target imaging, IMC system provides the initial exposure position moment and gives focus planardetector exposure sync signal, focal plane
Detector is into spectrum picture.
For detector, equivalent to atural object 1/m redundancy over-samplings, to the spectral image data of its imaging of detector
Geometry reconstruction is carried out, Spectral Reconstruction is being carried out according to described Fig. 6, it becomes possible to obtain the data cube of ground object target.
By system above, the spectral band for realizing ultraphotic spectrum is chosen according to application needs, using system space
On remaining, exchange temporal deficiency for, be system equivalent reading frame frequency improve m-1 times.It is real using secondary imaging technology
The separation of step optical filter and detector is showed.Whole system simple structure, lightweight, particularly suitable near space or satellite are flat
Platform etc. is to camera resolution and reads frame rate requirement occasion very high.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of hyperspectral imager based on step optical filter, including optical system, IMC system, step optical filter,
Planar array detector and electronic system, it is characterised in that：
Described optical system includes an optical telescope and secondary relay optical；
Described IMC system is the arrangement for deflecting of piezoelectric ceramics, by electronic system control；
Described electronic system includes that piezoelectric deflector drives and detector drives and data acquisition；
Each spectral coverage m image scanning row of correspondence of described step optical filter, coordinates, by ultraphotic by with IMC mechanism
The equivalent frame frequency that reads of the system of spectrometer device improves m-1 times, is using the deficiency exchanged on system time more than needed in detector space；
The spectrum interval and spectral width of ultraphotic spectrum are determined that spectrum is freely chosen by step optical filter by step optical filter, are met not
Asked with application；
Described hyperspectral imager structure is as follows：Polaroid telescope foremost, is being an optics, telescope collection light
Signal is learned, remote light is converged；Before an optics focal plane, there is the tilt platform of piezoelectric ceramics, by inclined
Turn the platform deflection opposite with scanning direction to realize staring steady picture；Step optical filter is placed on a focal plane, its geometric size
With the detector pixel 1 on secondary focal plane：1 correspondence, the light of full spectral coverage is by after step optical filter light splitting, being changed into by geometry
The light of position difference optical spectrum phase step change, this group presses a pair of position of spectral line 1 in the different light in geometric position and detector face
Should；The light of Spline smoothing is composed again by secondary imaging optics, is ultimately imaged on the detector of secondary focal plane, to atural object mesh
Mark imaging, the atural object purpose curve of spectrum and several picture are exported by detector photoelectric conversion.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510864342.2A CN105371952A (en) | 2015-12-01 | 2015-12-01 | Hyperspectral imager on the basis of step optical filter |
| CN2015108643422 | 2015-12-01 |
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| CN206281570U true CN206281570U (en) | 2017-06-27 |
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| CN201510864342.2A Pending CN105371952A (en) | 2015-12-01 | 2015-12-01 | Hyperspectral imager on the basis of step optical filter |
| CN201621281619.5U Withdrawn - After Issue CN206281570U (en) | 2015-12-01 | 2016-11-25 | Hyperspectral imager based on step optical filter |
| CN201611059248.0A Active CN106382988B (en) | 2015-12-01 | 2016-11-25 | A kind of hyperspectral imager based on step optical filter |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106382988A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-02-08 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Hyper-spectral imager based on step optical filter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107274460B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-01-29 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | A kind of full spectral coverage high spectrum image analogy method and device |
| CN108401108B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2020-09-11 | 南京理工大学 | Push-broom type hyperspectral camera rapid automatic focusing method |
| CN110677594B (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-08-25 | 北京富吉瑞光电科技有限公司 | Compensation imaging method and device of photoelectric panoramic imaging system |
| CN112240801A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-19 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Polarization imaging system |
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| CN1150121A (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 1997-05-21 | 清华紫光(集团)总公司 | Salting out process for producing potassium sulfate |
| SE0402576D0 (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2004-10-25 | Forskarpatent I Uppsala Ab | Multispectral and hyperspectral imaging |
| US8559011B2 (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2013-10-15 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Micro-spectral sensor |
| CN105371952A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Hyperspectral imager on the basis of step optical filter |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106382988A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-02-08 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Hyper-spectral imager based on step optical filter |
| CN106382988B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-11-21 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of hyperspectral imager based on step optical filter |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN106382988A (en) | 2017-02-08 |
| CN106382988B (en) | 2017-11-21 |
| CN105371952A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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