CN206056684U

CN206056684U - A kind of single-piston optic flow sensor

Info

Publication number: CN206056684U
Application number: CN201620504331.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟丽琼; 胡浩; 赵丽梅
Original assignee: Guizhou University
Current assignee: Guizhou University
Priority date: 2016-05-30
Filing date: 2016-05-30
Publication date: 2017-03-29
Anticipated expiration: 2026-05-30

Abstract

This utility model provides a kind of single-piston optic flow sensor, sensor probe includes piston cylinder and is arranged at the detection case of piston cylinder side, closed by end cap respectively at the two ends of piston cylinder, slide in piston cylinder and be provided with piston, spring and piston rod are respectively provided between piston and end cap, detection through hole is offered on end cap, piston rod one end is fixed on piston, the other end is slideably positioned in detection through hole, and the end of piston rod is fixed with reflecting part, the other end of detection through hole is additionally provided with fiber laser arrays end, detection case is connected by a fluid passage respectively with the chamber of piston both sides, fluid passage and source of the gas are respectively arranged at opposite sides of the fluid in detection case internal flow path.To solve to adopt traditional dynamometry mode existing flow transducer, possessing the limitations such as certainty of measurement is not high, power consumption is big, in the problem that many occasions can not be competent at well more.This utility model belongs to field of flow detection.

Description

A kind of single-piston optic flow sensor

Technical field

This utility model is related to a kind of flow transducer, belongs to flow sensing monitoring technical field.

Background technology

Modern industry production especially, during automated production, is often required to various sensors monitor and control production During parameters, make equipment be operated in normal condition or optimum state, and make product reach best quality.Sensor Also such as commercial production, space development, marine exploration, environmental conservation, resource investigation, medical diagnosiss, biological work are penetrated into already The extremely general field of journey, even historical relic's protection etc..This utility model is one of sensor of numerous classifications --- flow is passed Sensor.With the development of sensor technology, occurred diversified flow transducer at present, it is the most frequently used have vane type, Eddy currents, toll bar vortex, hot wire type etc..But, the sensor such as vane type, eddy currents, toll bar vortex, hot wire type, Adopt traditional dynamometry mode more principle, possess the limitations such as certainty of measurement is not high, power consumption is big, can not be fine in many occasions It is competent on ground.

The content of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is：A kind of single-piston optic flow sensor is provided, to solve existing flow sensing Adopt traditional dynamometry mode more device, possess the limitations such as certainty of measurement is not high, power consumption is big, can not be well in many occasions Competent problem.

Scheme of the present utility model is as follows：A kind of single-piston optic flow sensor, including sensor probe, opto-electronic conversion Device and signal processor, sensor probe include piston cylinder and are arranged at the detection case of piston cylinder side, and the two ends of piston cylinder are divided Do not closed by end cap, sliding to be provided between the end cap at piston, piston and two ends in piston cylinder is respectively provided with spring and piston rod, bullet One end of spring is fixed on piston, and the other end is fixed on end cap, and detection through hole, piston are offered on the end cap at the two ends One end of bar is fixed on piston, and the other end is slideably positioned in detection through hole, and the piston being slideably positioned in detection through hole The end of bar is fixed with reflecting part, detects that the other end of through hole also protrudes into the light being provided with incident optical and the output optical fiber Fine test side, the output optical fiber at fiber laser arrays end are connected with optical-electrical converter, and optical-electrical converter is connected with signal processor, are passed through The power of the output optical fiber received signal can determine whether the distance between reflecting part and fiber laser arrays end, so as to judge piston Sliding distance, you can determine whether out the pressure reduction of the fluid into piston both sides；

There is fluid intake and fluid issuing on detection case so that the inside of fluid stream case after testing, detection case and piston cylinder The chamber of middle piston both sides is connected by a fluid passage respectively, and also including source of the gas, the supply direction of source of the gas points to two The centre position of fluid passage, and fluid passage and source of the gas are respectively arranged at fluid relative the two of detection case internal flow path Side, is arranged such, and when the fluid in detection case does not circulate, the Fluid pressure for flowing into two side cavity of piston should be identical, then live Plug can keep constant in equilbrium position, and after working as flow of fluid, the Fluid pressure for flowing into two side cavity of piston be it is different, then Piston can occur to slide, and this pressure change will be reflected in the change in optical signal of fibre-optical probe detection, i.e., by the sensing Device detects the information such as fluid flow.

Light source, Y types bonder and optical fiber are included also, light source is arranged at one end of optical fiber to be used to produce fiber-optic signal, light The optical signal that source sends is coupled in optical fiber, and the other end of optical fiber is divided into two-way light source incidence optical fiber Jing after Y type bonders, Two-way light source incidence optical fiber corresponds to two fiber laser arrays ends being linked in sensor probe respectively, and as fiber laser arrays end Incident optical, is irradiated on reflecting part, and reflected light after reflection is passed into the output optical fiber at two ends respectively by the output optical fiber Defeated to two single optical-electrical converters carry out opto-electronic conversion, and the signal of telecommunication after conversion is defeated respectively Jing after the process of A/D conversion units Enter to signal processor, signal processor carries out ratio computing to this two paths of signals again.

In order to avoid impact of the spring to sensor, the spring of piston both sides is symmetrical arranged, and the spring of piston both sides Structure and specification are identical, and when piston is located at the centre position of two ends end cap, the spring of piston both sides is in nature State, i.e. spring tensionless winkler foundation and compressive deformation；

To ensure the sensing effect of fibre-optical probe, it is ensured that the distance between two ends fiber laser arrays end and reflecting part balance, Two detection through holes are opened in the center position of place end cap, and two detection through holes, piston and two piston rods are coaxial Arrange, reflecting part is vertically arranged with fiber laser arrays end, reflecting part is the inwall of illuminator or reflecting piece, piston and piston cylinder Between to be slidingly sealed formula structure, penetrated into the fluid for preventing piston both sides mutually, also to slide between piston rod and detection through hole Movable sealing structure, for example, is provided with sealing ring on the outside of piston rod, realized by sealing ring and detected and be between through-hole wall close Envelope, anti-fluid flow enter between reflecting part and fiber laser arrays end；

Used as preferred structure, the fiber laser arrays end is tightened in detection through hole, to ensure optical fiber by screw thread It is firm and accurate that probe is positioned, and end cap is rubber stopper, it is ensured that on the premise of structural reliability, structure more simplifies；

To ensure the sealing effectiveness of piston, prevent fluid Jing piston ridges from flowing into spring place chamber, piston and piston cylinder Inwall between be provided with piston packing；

To ensure the service life and using effect of sensor, the preferred hard alloy of material of piston；

To prevent the impurity in fluid from entering sensor probe, on the fluid passage, filter screen is provided with.

The fibre bundle at fiber laser arrays end is formed by incident optical and the output optical fiber set armouring, the incident optical other end and light Source is docked, and to couple incident illumination, the exit end of the output optical fiber is connected with light-sensitive element, output light intensity signal.

A kind of single-piston fiber optic flow detection method, including：

Sensor probe, optical-electrical converter and signal processor, sensor probe include Optical Fibre Differential-Pressure Seasor probe and Detection case with fluid distribution channel；

Optical Fibre Differential-Pressure Seasor probe is included in the piston cylinder of tubular, piston cylinder with two by being slideably positioned in piston The fluid detection chamber that piston in cylinder is separated, two fluid detection chambers are connected with detection case respectively；

Detection case is connected by two fluid passages respectively with two fluid detection chambers, is also correspondingly arranged at detection case Towards the source of the gas of the centre position jet of two fluid passages, and fluid passage and source of the gas are respectively arranged at the fluid in detection case The opposite sides of distribution channel, if flowing without detected fluid in detection case, the pressure of two fluid detection intracavity is identical, It is zero that Optical Fibre Differential-Pressure Seasor probe detects two chamber pressure reduction；If there is detected fluid to flow in detection case, start source of the gas and blow Air-flow is formed, then detected fluid occurs to interact in detection case with air-flow so that the initial momentum of detected fluid and air-flow Change, fluid-mixing shifts in detection case, so that the fluid-mixing into piston cylinder is formed in the both sides of piston Pressure difference, piston to low pressure side sliding, and are visited by Optical Fibre Differential-Pressure Seasor in the presence of two fluid detection chamber pressure reduction Head detection pressure reduction, sets up momentum pressure reduction mathematical model, and reckoning draws fluid momentum；

The momentum pressure reduction mathematical model is as follows：Relation between analysis transmission amount and pressure reduction, if the speed of air-flow is V_s, The speed of detected fluid is V, wherein V_sBe the air velocity emitted by source of the gas, be known quantity, piston two ends pressure difference with The momentum M of two fluids_s/ M is relevant, wherein M be detected fluid momentum, M_sFor air-flow momentum, respectively withWith V²It is directly proportional.

M=kV²；

K is constant；

I.e.：

Then：

Wherein, k₁For known quantity, so as to the value that can try to achieve V after known Δ P, in test, we take V_sEqual to 5m/ S, takes k₁=2, V change by 1m/s to 2m/s, and its curve is as described in Figure 4.

Compared with prior art, major advantage is as follows for this utility model：Through structure design, theoretical research and experimental analysiss Understand, the sensor has less structure, higher degree of accuracy and reliability, well adapting to property and interchangeability etc., the biography Sensor can be suitably used for numerous fluid flow detection occasions, and photoelectric sensing principle is applied to field of flow detection, output signal Jing After opto-electronic conversion and signal processing are calculated, output valve will change at double, so as to improve detection sensitivity, with highly important Actual application value, the design and popularization to novel flow rate sensor serve great impetus.

Meanwhile, the differential pressure pick-up has pressure differential in two side liquids using piston cylinder operator as pressure detection device When, piston is translational motion, it is only necessary to can calculate fluid pressure differential according to the translational movement of piston, for the requirement of Fibre Optical Sensor It is lower, calculate and measure more simple, and piston structure is more stable, is difficult, by external interference, to be hardly damaged, service life is more For permanent so that the reliability of sensor, adaptability and interchangeability have compared with much progress, are suitable for use as the survey of fluid flow Amount；The intensity compensation principle of sensor is more simple, and practicality is higher.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the systematic schematic diagram of the sensor；

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the sensor probe configuration；

Fig. 3 is detection principle diagram；

Fig. 4 is the relation of fluid momentum and piston both sides pressure difference.

Specific embodiment

It is to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, new to this practicality below with reference to accompanying drawings Type is described in further detail,

Embodiment：

Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a kind of single-piston optic flow sensor, including sensor probe 1, light Electric transducer 2 and signal processor 3, sensor probe 1 include piston cylinder 11 and the detection case 12 for being arranged at 11 side of piston cylinder, The two ends of piston cylinder 11 are closed by end cap 13 respectively, and end cap 13 is rubber stopper, and sliding in piston cylinder 11 is provided with piston 14, piston It is provided between 14 and the inwall of piston cylinder 11 between the end cap 13 of piston packing 141, piston 14 and two ends and is respectively provided with spring 15 and piston rod 16, one end of spring 15 is fixed on piston 14, and the other end is fixed on end cap 13, the spring of 14 both sides of piston 15 are symmetrical arranged, and the structure and specification of the spring 15 of 14 both sides of piston are identical, and piston 14 is located at two ends end cap 13 During centre position, the spring 15 of 14 both sides of piston is in naturalness, i.e. spring tensionless winkler foundation and compressive deformation, the two ends The center position of end cap 13 offer detection through hole 17, one end of piston rod 16 is fixed on piston 14, and the other end is slided It is dynamic to be arranged in detection through hole 17, and the end of the piston rod 16 being slideably positioned in detection through hole 17 is fixed with reflecting part 18, two detection through holes 17, piston 14 and two piston rods 16 are coaxially disposed, and detect that the other end of through hole 17 also protrudes into setting There is fiber laser arrays end 19, fiber laser arrays end 19 is tightened in detection through hole 17 by screw thread, and reflecting part 18 is examined with optical fiber Survey end 19 to be vertically arranged, reflecting part 18 is close to slide between illuminator or the inwall of reflecting piece, piston 14 and piston cylinder 11 Envelope formula structure, is penetrated into the fluid for preventing 14 both sides of piston mutually, is also to be slidingly sealed between piston rod 16 and detection through hole 17 Structure, for example, the outside of piston rod 16 is provided with sealing ring, is realized by sealing ring and is detected and be between 17 inwall of through hole close Envelope, anti-fluid flow enter between reflecting part 18 and fiber laser arrays end 19, and the fibre bundle at fiber laser arrays end 19 is by incident optical 191 Form with the set armouring of the output optical fiber 192,191 other end of incident optical is docked with light source, to couple incident illumination, fiber laser arrays The output optical fiber 192 at end 19 is connected with optical-electrical converter 2, and after output light intensity signal, Jing optical-electrical converters 2 are converted to the signal of telecommunication, Optical-electrical converter 2 is connected with signal processor 3, and the signal is input to computer after the processing links such as amplification, rectification and filtering In, coordinate corresponding algorithm to calculate, it can be deduced that the fluid pressure differential of two test positions；

Light source 5, Y types bonder 6 and optical fiber 7 are included also, light source 5 is arranged at one end of optical fiber 7 to be used to produce optical fiber letter Number, the optical signal that light source 5 sends is coupled in optical fiber 7, and the other end of optical fiber 7 is divided into two-way light source Jing after Y types bonder 6 Incident optical, two-way light source incidence optical fiber correspond to two fiber laser arrays ends 19 being linked in sensor probe 1, and conduct respectively The incident optical 191 at fiber laser arrays end 19, is irradiated on reflecting part 18, and reflected light after reflection enters the emergent light at two ends Fine 192, being respectively transmitted to two single optical-electrical converters 2 by the output optical fiber 192 carries out opto-electronic conversion, the signal of telecommunication after conversion Signal processor 3 is separately input to Jing after the process of A/D conversion units 8, signal processor 3 carries out ratio fortune to this two paths of signals again Calculate.

There is fluid intake 121 and fluid issuing 122 on detection case 12 so that the inside of fluid stream case 12 after testing, detection Case 12 is connected by a fluid passage 123 respectively with the chamber of 14 both sides of piston in piston cylinder 11, the fluid passage 123 On be provided with filter screen 125, also including source of the gas 124, source of the gas 124 supply direction point to two fluid passages 123 interposition Put, and fluid passage 123 and source of the gas 124 are respectively arranged at opposite sides of the fluid in 12 internal flow path of detection case, so Arrange, when the fluid in detection case 12 does not circulate, the Fluid pressure for flowing into 14 liang of side cavities of piston should be identical, then piston 14 Can keep constant in equilbrium position, and after working as flow of fluid, the Fluid pressure for flowing into 14 liang of side cavities of piston be it is different, then Piston 14 can occur to slide, and this pressure change will be reflected in the change in optical signal of fibre-optical probe detection, set up momentum pressure Difference mathematical model, reckoning draw fluid momentum.

As shown in figure 3, the test fluid (i.e. air-flow) entered from source of the gas 124 is coupled with detected fluid and is interacted, In the presence of detected fluid, test fluid flow fields are shifted to the right by being uniformly distributed.When test fluid flow fields are uniformly distributed When (detected fluid does not flow), the fluid flow into sensor or so test chamber is identical, and the fluid pressure of intracavity is detected in left and right Power is equal, and piston rest is motionless；And when (detected fluid flows to the right) after fluid flow fields are shifted to the right is tested, into biography The fluid flow increase of sensor right chamber, the fluid flow into sensor left chamber reduces, so as to cause sensor or so test chamber Produce pressure differential.The left and right skew of piston 14 has directly driven the movement of the reflecting part 18 of 16 end of piston rod, and makes optical fiber Beam is changed with reflecting piece (reflecting part 18) distance, causes the intensity difference of two output optical signals, and light-sensitive element is light Signal is converted into the signal of telecommunication, and the signal is input in computer after the processing links such as amplification, rectification and filtering, coordinates corresponding Algorithm is calculated, it can be deduced that the fluid pressure differential of two test positions.Momentum pressure reduction mathematical model is resettled, reckoning show that fluid is moved Amount.

Claims

1. a kind of single-piston optic flow sensor, including sensor probe (1), optical-electrical converter (2) and signal processor (3), it is characterised in that：Sensor probe (1) is including piston cylinder (11) and is arranged at the detection case (12) of piston cylinder (11) side, The two ends of piston cylinder (11) are closed by end cap (13) respectively, and sliding in piston cylinder (11) is provided with piston (14), piston (14) with Spring (15) and piston rod (16) are respectively provided between the end cap (13) at two ends, one end of spring (15) is fixed on piston (14), The other end is fixed on end cap (13), and detection through hole (17) is offered on the end cap (13) at the two ends, piston rod (16) One end is fixed on piston (14), and the other end is slideably positioned in detection through hole (17), and is slideably positioned in detection through hole (17) The end of interior piston rod (16) is fixed with reflecting part (18), detect the other end of through hole (17) also protrude into be provided with have into Penetrate the fiber laser arrays end (19) of optical fiber (191) and the output optical fiber (192), the output optical fiber (192) of fiber laser arrays end (19) and light Electric transducer (2) is connected, and optical-electrical converter (2) is connected with signal processor (3)；

There is fluid intake (121) and fluid issuing (122) on detection case (12) so that the inside of fluid stream case (12) after testing, Detection case (12) is connected by a fluid passage (123) respectively with the chamber of piston (14) both sides in piston cylinder (11), institute State and on fluid passage (123), be provided with filter screen (125), also including source of the gas (124), the supply direction of source of the gas (124) points to two The centre position of individual fluid passage (123), and fluid passage (123) and source of the gas (124) are respectively arranged at fluid in detection case (12) opposite sides of internal flow path.

2. a kind of single-piston optic flow sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Light source (5), Y are included also Type bonder (6) and optical fiber (7), light source (5) is arranged at one end of optical fiber (7) to be used to produce fiber-optic signal, and light source (5) sends Optical signal is coupled in optical fiber (7), and the other end of optical fiber (7) is divided into two-way light source incidence light Jing after Y type bonders (6) Fibre, two-way light source incidence optical fiber correspond to two fiber laser arrays ends (19) being linked in sensor probe (1) respectively, and as light The incident optical (191) of fine test side (19).

3. a kind of single-piston optic flow sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The spring of piston (14) both sides (15) it is symmetrical arranged, and the structure and specification of the spring (15) of piston (14) both sides is identical, piston (14) is positioned at two ends During the centre position of end cap (13), the spring (15) of piston (14) both sides is in naturalness.

4. a kind of single-piston optic flow sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Two detections through hole (17) are The center position of place end cap (13) is opened in, two detections through hole (17), piston (14) and two piston rods (16) are same Axle is arranged, and reflecting part (18) is vertically arranged with fiber laser arrays end (19), and reflecting part (18) is illuminator or reflecting piece, piston (14) to be slidingly sealed formula structure and the inwall of piston cylinder (11) between, it is also cunning between piston rod (16) and detection through hole (17) Movable sealing structure.

5. a kind of single-piston optic flow sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fiber laser arrays end (19) It is tightened in detection through hole (17) by screw thread, end cap (13) is rubber stopper.

6. a kind of single-piston optic flow sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Piston (14) and piston cylinder (11) piston packing (141) is provided between inwall.

7. a kind of single-piston optic flow sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The light at fiber laser arrays end (19) Fine beam is formed by incident optical (191) and the output optical fiber (192) set armouring, and incident optical (191) other end is docked with light source, To couple incident illumination, the exit end of the output optical fiber (192) is connected with light-sensitive element, output light intensity signal.