CN110273681A - Oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system and method in Petroleum Production well logging - Google Patents
Oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system and method in Petroleum Production well logging Download PDFInfo
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- CN110273681A CN110273681A CN201910588612.XA CN201910588612A CN110273681A CN 110273681 A CN110273681 A CN 110273681A CN 201910588612 A CN201910588612 A CN 201910588612A CN 110273681 A CN110273681 A CN 110273681A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000013523 data management Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
- E21B49/087—Well testing, e.g. testing for reservoir productivity or formation parameters
- E21B49/0875—Well testing, e.g. testing for reservoir productivity or formation parameters determining specific fluid parameters
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system and method in a kind of well logging of Petroleum Production.The optical signal that oil well petroleum reflects is converted to electric signal by more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors and is transferred to Data Management Analysis system through data collection system by the measuring system.The clustering network model that Data Management Analysis system passes through comprehensive characteristics parameter to oil-gas-water multiphase fluid, the comprehensive characteristics parameter acquisition oil well oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction information that the voltage signal detected according to more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors carries out feature extraction and normalized obtains, the measurement error for reducing oil well oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction, overcoming Fiber Optic Sensor cannot achieve the technological deficiency of grease detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to petroleum detection field, in particular to oil-gas-water multiphase fluid split-phase in a kind of Petroleum Production well logging
Measuring system containing rate and method.
Background technique
The water ratio in oil well of middle and advanced stage development phase is higher, also, in oil well depth Storage, gas is mainly with solution gas
Form be present in crude oil, during crude oil flows up, with the reduction of pressure, gas is gradually precipitated, in oil well
In form oil-gas-water multiphase fluid flow behavior.In addition, in order to improve recovery ratio, water filling, gas injection drive adopt technology in major oil
Field is widely used.Moisture content in well is caused persistently to rise, therefore, in Petroleum Production development process, gas-liquid, grease and oil gas
Water multiphase flow phenomenon is extremely common.In such a case it is necessary to the void fraction of oil well oil-gas-water multiphase fluid
It measures, to understand and grasp the production status of each payzone in time, and then reasonably adjusts the development plan of oil well.
Currently, it is more for the technical method of multiphase flow containing rate measurement, mainly decline including acoustic method, optical method, ray
Subtraction, tomography, electric method and capacitance method, and with the development of technology, more and more measurement means are used for more
Mutually in the measurement of stream.
But since the environment of oil well is complicated and changeable, in existing multiphase flow containing rate measurement method, velocity measurement is missed
It is poor big；Optical method measurement response it is sensitive, small in size, but sensor processing difficulties and can only realize at present liquid phase measure；Chromatography
Imaging law technology is complicated, volume is big, measurement efficiency is low；Electric method and capacitance method be disturbed, corrode and fouling etc. is affected,
Therefore, the measuring technique of the void fraction of current oil well downhole oil air water heterogeneous fluid it still needs further improvement development.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Petroleum Production well logging in oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system and
Method, to realize the measurement of the void fraction of oil well oil-gas-water multiphase fluid.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
The present invention provides oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system in a kind of well logging of Petroleum Production, the measurement
System includes more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors, data collection system and data processing analysis system；
More receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors are connect with the data collection system, are surveyed for detecting Petroleum Production
The light of well fluid reflects signal, and light reflection signal is converted into electric signal, is transferred to the data collection system；
The data collection system is connect with the Data Management Analysis system, and the data collection system is used for institute
It states electric signal to be acquired and store, and gives the electric signal transmission to the Data Management Analysis system；
The Data Management Analysis system is used to obtain voltage signal progress feature extraction and normalized comprehensive
Characteristic parameter is closed, and according to the clustering network model of comprehensive characteristics parameter to oil-gas-water multiphase fluid, obtains oil well oil gas
Water multiphase fluid void fraction information.
Optionally, more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors include:
Optical fiber sensing probe, coupling optical fiber, optical detector group, light source and photoelectric conversion circuit；
The light source is connect with a component of the coupling optical fiber；The coupling unit of the coupling optical fiber and institute
State the connection of optical fiber sensing probe, a component, the coupling optical fiber of the light that the light source issues through the coupling optical fiber
Coupling unit and the optical fiber sensing probe be sent on the contact surface of optical fiber sensing probe and testing liquid；
Other multiple components of the coupling optical fiber are connect with the optical detector group；The optical fiber sensitivity is visited
The light that the contact surface of head and testing liquid reflects is received through the optical fiber sensing probe, and the coupling part through the coupling optical fiber
Divide and other multiple components of the coupling optical fiber are transmitted to the optical detector group；
The optical detector group is connect with the photoelectric conversion circuit, the light that the optical detector group is received
It is converted into electric signal, realizes the composition detection of testing liquid.
Optionally, more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors further include: stainless steel connecting sleeve, stainless steel protection set
Pipe and stainless steel seal sleeve；
The stainless steel connecting sleeve is set in the outer of the coupling unit of the optical fiber sensing probe and the coupling optical fiber
Side；
The stainless steel protection casing is set in the component of the stainless steel connecting sleeve and the coupling optical fiber
Outside；
The stainless steel seal sleeve is set in the optical detector group, the light source and the photoelectric conversion circuit
Outside；
The stainless steel protection casing is connect with the stainless steel seal sleeve by fastener.
Optionally, optical detector group includes multiple photodiodes, and multiple photodiodes couple light with described
The one-to-one connection respectively of fine other multiple components.
Optionally, the photoelectric conversion circuit includes the first excitation resistance, multiple second excitation resistance, multiple protections electricity
Resistance and power supply；
The light source and the first excitation resistance are connected between the anode and cathode of the power supply；
Multiple second excitation resistance are connected on the power supply with multiple photodiodes respectively correspondingly
Anode and cathode between；
One end of multiple protective resistances is respectively connected to multiple second excitation resistance and multiple photoelectricity two
Pole pipe common point；
The other end of multiple protective resistances is connect with multiple signal wires respectively.
Optionally, the coupling optical fiber includes L*n root silica fibre, and the coupling unit of the coupling optical fiber is by L*n root institute
Silica fibre is stated to couple in beaming type；The silica fibre as described in L*n root is grouped coupling to the component of the coupling optical fiber respectively
It closes, obtains L component, 1 component is connect with the light source in the L components, L-1 institute in addition
Component is stated to connect with the optical detector group.
The present invention also provides oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measurement method in a kind of well logging of Petroleum Production, features
It is, the measurement method includes the following steps:
It is obtained using more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors in the different vertical tedge under different flow and moisture content
Multiterminal voltage signal, and classification storage is carried out according to the condition of acquisition, obtain training set；
Feature extraction and normalized are carried out to the training sample in the training set, obtain the synthesis of training sample
Characteristic parameter；
Establish comprehensive characteristics parameter to oil-gas-water multiphase fluid clustering network model；
The clustering network model is instructed according to the comprehensive characteristics parameter of training sample each in the training set
Practice, the clustering network model after being trained；
The multiterminal voltage signal of Petroleum Production well logging to be measured is obtained using more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors, and is carried out
Feature extraction and normalized obtain comprehensive characteristics parameter to be measured；
Petroleum to be measured is obtained using the clustering network model after the training according to the comprehensive characteristics parameter to be measured
Oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction in production logging.
Optionally, feature extraction and normalized are carried out to the training sample in the training set, obtains training sample
Comprehensive characteristics parameter, specifically include:
The voltage of multiple voltage signals of a training sample of more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensor detections is obtained respectively
Value, mean value, difference, standard deviation, difference and dispersion obtain the characteristic parameter of the training sample；
The characteristic parameter is normalized, the comprehensive characteristics parameter of the training sample is obtained.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects:
The present invention provides oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system and method in a kind of well logging of Petroleum Production.Institute
Measuring system is stated, the optical signal that fluids underground reflects is converted to electric signal by more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors
Data Management Analysis system is transferred to through data collection system.Data Management Analysis system passes through comprehensive characteristics parameter to oil gas
The clustering network model of water multiphase fluid carries out special according to the voltage signal that more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors detect
The comprehensive characteristics parameter that sign is extracted and normalized obtains obtains oil well oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction information,
The measurement error for reducing oil well oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction, overcoming Fiber Optic Sensor cannot achieve grease detection
Technological deficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be in embodiment
Required attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some realities of the invention
Example is applied, it for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these
Attached drawing obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system in a kind of Petroleum Production well logging provided by the invention
Structure chart；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is the light channel structure figure of more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of photoelectric conversion circuit provided by the invention；
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of coupling optical fiber provided by the invention；
Fig. 6 is oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measurement method in a kind of Petroleum Production well logging provided by the invention
Flow chart；
Fig. 7 is that the void fraction of acquisition training sample of the invention measures imitative experimental appliance figure；
Fig. 8 is a kind of more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensor first detectors in oil-gas-water multiphase fluid of the present invention
Signal output waveform figure；
Fig. 9 is a kind of more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensor second detectors in oil-gas-water multiphase fluid of the present invention
Signal output waveform figure；
Figure 10 is the measurement result figure of a kind of more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors of the present invention and data processing method.
Specific embodiment
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Petroleum Production well logging in oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system and
Method, to realize the measurement of the void fraction of oil well oil-gas-water multiphase fluid.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Mode is applied to be described in further detail invention.
Soft-measuring technique is of great significance in the measurement of oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction, wherein multivariate statistics
Analytical technology is universal in multiphase flow detection the inner link between variable and the soft-measuring technique taken into account that influences each other
It uses.
Optical fiber probe measurement belongs to contact type probe method, can be positioned directly on fluid, can accurately reflect measurement point
Partial fluid feature.And it is only sensitive to optical characteristics, therefore this method is measured to gas-liquid/oil gas water multiphase
When, is influenced by temperature with salinity variation smaller, but optics probe method is just for biphase gas and liquid flow or oil gas water at present
Gas holdup is accurately measured in heterogeneous fluid, and is not unfolded to study to the detection of water-oil phase.
The present invention combines two ways, provides oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction in a kind of well logging of Petroleum Production and surveys
Measure system and method.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measurement system in a kind of well logging of Petroleum Production
System.The measuring system includes more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensor A, data collection system B and data processing analysis system C；
More receiving end optical-fiber probe sensor A are connect with the data collection system B, for detecting stone in Petroleum Production well logging
The light of oil reflects signal, and light reflection signal is converted into electric signal, is transferred to the data collection system B；
The data collection system B is connect with the Data Management Analysis system C, the data collection system B for pair
The electric signal is acquired and stores, and gives the electric signal transmission to the Data Management Analysis system C；
The Data Management Analysis system C is used to carry out feature extraction to the voltage signal and normalized obtains
Comprehensive characteristics parameter, and according to the clustering network model of comprehensive characteristics parameter to oil-gas-water multiphase fluid, obtain oil well oil
Air water heterogeneous fluid void fraction information.
More receiving end optical-fiber probe sensor A include: optical fiber sensing probe, coupling optical fiber, optical detector group,
Light source and photoelectric conversion circuit；The light source is connect with a component of the coupling optical fiber；The coupling of the coupling optical fiber
It closes part connect with institute optical fiber sensing probe, the light that the light source issues is through a component for coupling optical fiber, described
The coupling unit and the optical fiber sensing probe for coupling optical fiber are sent on the contact surface of optical fiber sensing probe and testing liquid；
Other multiple components of the coupling optical fiber are connect with the optical detector group；The optical fiber sensing probe with it is to be measured
The light of the contact surface reflection of liquid is received through the optical fiber sensing probe, and through the coupling unit of optical fiber and described of coupling
Other multiple components of coupling optical fiber are transmitted to the optical detector group；The optical detector group and the photoelectricity
Shifting circuit connection, is converted into electric signal for the light that the optical detector group receives, realizes the inspection of the ingredient of testing liquid
It surveys.More receiving end optical-fiber probe sensor A further include: stainless steel connecting sleeve, stainless steel protection casing and stainless steel are close
Big envelope cylinder；The stainless steel connecting sleeve is set in the outer of the coupling unit of the optical fiber sensing probe and the coupling optical fiber
Side；The stainless steel protection casing is set in the outer of the component of the stainless steel connecting sleeve and the coupling optical fiber
Side；The stainless steel seal sleeve is set in the outer of the optical detector group, the light source and the photoelectric conversion circuit
Side；The stainless steel protection casing is connect with the stainless steel seal sleeve by fastener.Optical detector group includes multiple
Photodiode, multiple photodiodes and the other multiple component difference for coupling optical fiber are one-to-one
Connection.
As shown in Fig. 2, by taking optical detector group includes two photodiodes (optical detector) as an example, more receiving ends
Mainly by optical fiber sensing probe 1, coupling optical fiber 4 and 5, (4 be the coupling unit for coupling optical fiber to optical-fiber probe sensor, and 5 be coupling
The component of optical fiber), light source 8, optical detector group 6 and 7 (6 be the first optical detector, 7 be the second optical detector), photoelectricity turn
Change circuit 11, stainless steel seal sleeve 9, probe interior gap 10, stainless steel protection casing 3, stainless steel connecting sleeve 2, fastening
Part 16, photoelectric conversion circuit supply lines 12, the first signal wire of photoelectric conversion circuit 13, photoelectric conversion circuit second signal line 14,
Photoelectric conversion circuit ground line 15.Wherein optical fiber sensing head 1, couple optical fiber coupling unit 4 be encapsulated in stainless steel connection
In pipe 2, the component 5 of stainless steel connecting sleeve 2 and coupling optical fiber is packaged into stainless steel protection casing 3, and optical fiber is sensitive
1 diameter of popping one's head in is 600 μm~800 μm, and in cone, top angle is 25o~350, and packed optical fiber sensing probe 1 pushes up
End part is exposed.It is close that light source 8, the first optical detector 6, the second optical detector 7 and photoelectric conversion circuit 11 are encapsulated in stainless steel
In big envelope cylinder 9.Wherein stainless steel seal sleeve 9, stainless steel protection casing 3 are attached using fastener 16.Using stainless steel
Encapsulation had not only protected optical fiber but also had increased the mechanical strength of product.
As shown in figure 3, the light of the sending of light source 8 is via coupling optical fiber 4 and 5, (4 be coupling fiber coupling part, and 5 be coupling
Light combination fibre component) it is transmitted to optical fiber sensing probe 1 and is contacted with measured medium, reflection light is via coupling 4 He of optical fiber
5 (4 are coupling fiber coupling part, and 5 be coupling fiber optic tap part) are connect by the first optical detector 6 and the second optical detector 7
It receives.
The photoelectric conversion circuit includes the first excitation resistance, multiple second excitation resistance, multiple protective resistances and electricity
Source；The light source and the first excitation resistance are connected between the anode and cathode of the power supply；Multiple second excitations
Resistance is connected between the anode and cathode of the power supply with multiple photodiodes correspondingly respectively；Multiple institutes
The one end for stating protective resistance is respectively connected to multiple second excitation resistance and multiple photodiode common points；
The other end of multiple protective resistances is connect with multiple signal wires respectively；
The other end of multiple protective resistances is connect with multiple signal wires respectively.
As shown in figure 4, with two the second excitation resistance, even for the protective resistance, photoelectric conversion circuit
Positive pole 12, light source 8, first motivate resistance 25 and power ground 15 to constitute the circuit that shines；The power supply of light photoelectric conversion circuit
Positive 12, first optical detector 6, second excitation resistance 24, power ground 15 constitute the first light-receiving circuit；Photoelectric conversion electricity
The positive pole 12 on road, the second optical detector 7, second excitation resistance 26, ground wire ground wire 15 constitute the second light-receiving circuit；It protects
Shield resistance 23 and protective resistance 27 are the protective resistance of the first signal wire 13 and second signal line 14 respectively.
The coupling optical fiber includes L*n root silica fibre, coupling unit quartz as described in L*n root of the coupling optical fiber
Optical fiber is coupled in beaming type；The grouping of the silica fibre as described in the root coupling respectively of the component of the coupling optical fiber, obtains L points
Branch part, 1 component connect with the light source in L components, a components of L-1 in addition and
The optical detector group connection.
As shown in figure 5, (4 be coupling optical fiber to coupling optical fiber 4 and 5 for including the coupling optical fiber of three components
Coupling unit, 5 be coupling fiber optic tap part) fiber optic bundle is fabricated to using 27 silica fibres；The axial section of fiber optic bundle is distributed
Structure is as shown in a figure in Fig. 5, wherein No. 1 optical fiber 17 of outer layer, 15 silica fibres of 22 place floor of No. 2 optical fiber of outer layer and
The connection of one optical detector 6, No. 1 optical fiber 18 of middle layer, 9 silica fibres of 21 place floor of No. 2 optical fiber of middle layer and the second light are visited
It surveys device 7 to connect, there are also 3 silica fibres of No. 1 optical fiber 19 of internal layer, 20 place floor of No. 2 optical fiber of internal layer to connect with light source 8.Optical fiber
Cross-sectional distribution structure as shown in the b figure in Fig. 5, cross section is divided into internal layer, middle layer, 3 layers of outer layer in total, wherein internal layer 1
Number optical fiber 19,20 place floor of No. 2 optical fiber of internal layer silica fibre be in cross-section center position, No. 1 optical fiber 18 of middle layer, in
9 silica fibres of 21 place floor of No. 2 optical fiber of interbed are in cross section middle layer, No. 2 No. 1 optical fiber 17 of outer layer, outer layer optical fiber 22
15 silica fibres of place layer are in the outermost layer of cross section.
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention also provides oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measurement sides in a kind of well logging of Petroleum Production
Method, which is characterized in that the measurement method includes the following steps:
S01 obtains the different vertical tedge under different flow and moisture content using more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors
Interior multiterminal voltage signal, and classification storage is carried out according to the condition of acquisition, obtain training set.
The wherein situation less for Gas content in the practical oil field of satisfaction, this laboratory oil-gas-water multiphase fluid environmental structure
In the process, use for laboratory oil is diesel oil, and water is tap water, and gas is generated using oil-free compressed air machine, in oil gas water multiphase
Body (water flow 2.3m3/ h, throughput 0.04m3/ h, oil stream amount 1.36m3/ h) in, a kind of more receiving end light of the present invention
The multiterminal voltage signal (q=2) of fine probe sensor is to carry out data acquisition by multichannel collecting system described in Fig. 7
's.
Multichannel collecting system as shown in Figure 7 mainly has more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors, 5V DC power supply, multi-pass
Road signal acquiring system and PC machine.More receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors are placed in vertical ascent glass pipe when test；Oil
Pipe, water pipe, tracheae and glass pipe connect, for simulating oily phase in oil-gas-water multiphase fluid, gas phase, water phase different proportion
Situation；More receiving end optical-fiber probe sensor supply lines are connect with 5V DC power supply, are powered for sensor；By the 2 of sensor
Root signal wire is connected with multi-channel signal acquiring system, and sensor ground wire is connect with power cathode；Multi-channel signal acquiring system
It is connect via USB data line with PC machine, corresponding software is installed in PC machine, simultaneously storing data is carried out to system function.
S02-S03 carries out feature extraction and normalized to the training sample in the training set, obtains training sample
This comprehensive characteristics parameter.
The voltage of multiple voltage signals of a training sample of more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensor detections is obtained respectively
Value, mean value, difference, standard deviation, difference and dispersion obtain the characteristic parameter of the training sample.
The data processing method carries out sensor characteristics extraction, i.e. the first detector feature to multiterminal voltage signal
(Detector1), the second detector feature (Detector2), characteristics of mean (Detectormean), difference feature
(Detectordiv), Differential Characteristics (Detectormean), dispersion feature (SDetector) extract m (m=6) a feature
The method of amount is as follows:
Detector1The voltage value (1) of=No. 1 detector output
Detector2The voltage value (2) of=No. 2 detectors output
Detectormean=(Detector1+Detector2)/2 (3)
Detectordiv=Detector1-Detector2 (4)
Detectormean=(Detector1-Detector2)/(Detector1+Detector2) (5)
The characteristic parameter is normalized, the comprehensive characteristics parameter of the training sample is obtained.
Z-score normalization is carried out to sensor characteristics amount respectively, then principal component analysis (PCA) technology is respectively adopted and mentions
Principal component is taken, the data redundancy between data is reduced, obtains 2 comprehensive characteristics parameters；Method for normalizing is defined as:
In above formula, xijIndicate the characteristic value of i-th of sensor characteristics amount, j-th of element in oil-gas-water multiphase fluid,
min(xi) indicate i-th of sensor characteristics minimum value, max (xi) indicate i-th of sensor characteristics maximum value,Table
Show the characteristic value in oil-gas-water multiphase fluid after i-th of sensor characteristics amount, j-th of element normalization；PCA technology is analysis
A kind of multivariate statistical method of correlation between multiple variables, by orthogonal transformation by multiple possible relevant changes of variable at few
The several linear incoherent overall targets of number, referred to as principal component, choose variance contribution in all orthogonal transformation linear combinations
The highest overall target of rate will be variance contribution in remaining linear combination as first principal component, subsequent each principal component
The highest overall target of rate, and it is orthogonal with the principal component of front.
S04, establish comprehensive characteristics parameter to oil-gas-water multiphase fluid clustering network model；According in the training set
The comprehensive characteristics parameter of each training sample is trained the clustering network model, the clustering network mould after being trained
Type.
Using the method for Self-organizing Competitive Neutral Net (SOM), oil gas in comprehensive characteristics parameter to upward vertical tube is established
The clustering network model of water multiphase fluid, referred to as SOM model carry out cluster operation to training set, and obtain cluster centre
Point, wherein cluster number, cluster centre points are 3.
Wherein SOM model is the neural network model of 2*3, and 2 indicate the columns of input sample, after 3 indicate model training
Classification number, input sample are represented by p=(R(1),R(2)), R(1)For the first row comprehensive characteristics parameter of input sample, R(2)For
The secondary series comprehensive characteristics parameter of input sample, sample number is without limitation；Model tying is the thought by competition learning, to obtaining
The weight of victory neuron is adjusted reinforcement, and it is competitive, remaining neuron is not processed.
Respectively according to be only passed through oil gas water wherein each phase when the comprehensive characteristics parameter of multiterminal voltage signal that obtains, press
It is Y respectively according to 3 class initial cluster center points are obtained after weighed value adjusting rule operation1(L),Y2(L),Y3(L), setting cluster number
It is 3, clustering and discriminant method is Euclidean distance diagnostic method, the oil phase points (O according to clusters), gas phase count (Gs), water phase points
(Ws) respectively with total points (OGWs) carrying out phase content estimation operation, i.e. oil content is Os/(OGWs), void fraction Gs/
(OGWs), moisture content Ws/(OGWs), trained specific steps are as follows:
(1) K-means clustering algorithm initializes, and imports comprehensive characteristics parameter sample data GWO=(X(1),X(2),···,X(n))T, and determine initial cluster center Y1(L),Y2(L),Y3(L) and cluster number K=3；
(2) determine that classifying rules clusters comprehensive characteristics parameter sample data.Classifying rules is as follows:
||X(p)-Yj(L) | | < | | X(p)-Yi(L) | | i=1,2,3；i≠j (8)
Wherein X(p)Indicate p-th of sample in sample data, Sj(L) entirety of classification j, J when indicating to divide for the L timesjTable
Show any member in class to the distance at new class cluster center and, Yj(L+1) new cluster centre, N are indicatedjExpression belongs to sample Sj
(L) sample size.Cluster operation is carried out according to the classifying rules, according to formula (8) by sample data X(p)It is attributed to European
Apart from the smallest one kind, if formula (8) meets, sample data X(p)It is attributed to jth class, then the new cluster centre such as formula of jth class
(3) shown in, any member is to the distance at new class cluster center and as shown in formula (2) in class；
(3) degree of convergence judges, setting iteration stopping threshold value σ and the number of iterations F is defined.Stop after meeting limit standard
Only cluster operation；
(4) phase content is estimated, i.e., oil content is Os/(OGWs), void fraction Gs/(OGWs), moisture content Ws/(OGWs)；
Judge oil content Os/(OGWs), void fraction Gs/(OGWs), moisture content Ws/(OGWs) actual with training sample
Oil content Os/(OGWs), void fraction Gs/(OGWs), moisture content Ws/(OGWs) difference whether be less than preset threshold；When meeting item
When part, the clustering network model after training is exported, if being unsatisfactory for condition, using new cluster centre as in initial cluster
The heart, return step (2) continue to train.
S05 obtains the multiterminal voltage signal of Petroleum Production well logging to be measured using more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors, and
Feature extraction and normalized are carried out, comprehensive characteristics parameter to be measured is obtained；According to the comprehensive characteristics parameter to be measured,
Using the clustering network model after the training, oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction in Petroleum Production well logging to be measured is obtained.
Cluster estimation is carried out to oil-gas-water multiphase fluid comprehensive characteristics data using K-means clustering method, referring to Fig. 8,
Fig. 9, in oil-gas-water multiphase fluid (water flow 2.3m3/ h, throughput 0.04m3/ h, oil stream amount 1.36m3/ h) in, this
Invent a kind of irregular low and high level variation of more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensor amplitude output signal presentations.Wherein, sensor
No. 1 detector output voltage amplitude is stablized in 2.8116V or so when contacting gas phase, and No. 2 detector output voltage amplitudes are stablized
In 2.6922V or so；When sensor contacts water phase, No. 1 detector output voltage amplitude is stablized in 0.9785V or so, No. 2 spies
Device output voltage amplitude is surveyed to stablize in 0.924V or so；When sensor contacts oil phase, No. 1 detector output voltage amplitude is stablized
In 0.395V or so, No. 2 detector output voltage amplitudes are stablized in 0.372V or so.Utilize the void fraction based on multiple features
Estimation method carries out void fraction measurement to it.
Referring to Fig.1 0, in oil-gas-water multiphase fluid (water flow 2.3m3/ h, throughput 0.04m3/ h, oil stream amount are
1.36m3/ h) in measurement result can be seen that phase content void fraction error of the invention, moisture content error, oil content error
Within 5%, oil-gas-water multiphase fluid is may be implemented in the more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors of oil well of the present invention and method
The measurement of void fraction solves the defect of traditional fiber measurement parameter, to oil gas water in the small space of oil well
The void fraction of heterogeneous fluid carries out real-time, on-line measurement.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with its
The difference of his embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For being disclosed in embodiment
For system, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is referring to method portion
It defends oneself bright.
Specific examples are used herein to describe the principles and implementation manners of the present invention, and above embodiments are said
Bright to be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention, described embodiment is only one of the invention
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments, based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work out, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system in a kind of Petroleum Production well logging, which is characterized in that the measurement system
System includes more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors, data collection system and data processing analysis system；
More receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors are connect with the data collection system, for detecting stone in Petroleum Production well logging
The light of oil reflects signal, and light reflection signal is converted into electric signal, is transferred to the data collection system；
The data collection system is connect with the Data Management Analysis system, and the data collection system is used for the telecommunications
It number is acquired and stores, and give the electric signal transmission to the Data Management Analysis system；
The Data Management Analysis system is used to carry out the voltage signal feature extraction and normalized obtains comprehensive spy
Parameter is levied, and according to the clustering network model of comprehensive characteristics parameter to oil-gas-water multiphase fluid, it is more to obtain oil well oil gas water
Phase fluid void fraction information.
2. oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system in Petroleum Production well logging according to claim 1, feature
It is, more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors include:
Optical fiber sensing probe, coupling optical fiber, optical detector group, light source and photoelectric conversion circuit；
The light source is connect with a component of the coupling optical fiber；The coupling unit and the optical fiber of the coupling optical fiber
Sensing probe connection, the coupling of a component, the coupling optical fiber of the light that the light source issues through the coupling optical fiber
Part and the optical fiber sensing probe are sent on the contact surface of optical fiber sensing probe and testing liquid；
Other multiple components of the coupling optical fiber are connect with the optical detector group；The optical fiber sensing probe with to
The light for surveying the contact surface reflection of liquid is received through the optical fiber sensing probe, and through the coupling unit of optical fiber and described of coupling
Other multiple components of coupling optical fiber are transmitted to the optical detector group；
The optical detector group is connect with the photoelectric conversion circuit, and the light that the optical detector group receives is converted into
Electric signal realizes the composition detection of testing liquid.
3. oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system in Petroleum Production well logging according to claim 2, feature
It is, more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors further include: stainless steel connecting sleeve, stainless steel protection casing and stainless steel are close
Big envelope cylinder；
The stainless steel connecting sleeve is set in the outside of the coupling unit of the optical fiber sensing probe and the coupling optical fiber；
The stainless steel protection casing is set in the outside of the component of the stainless steel connecting sleeve and the coupling optical fiber；
The stainless steel seal sleeve is set in the outer of the optical detector group, the light source and the photoelectric conversion circuit
Side；
The stainless steel protection casing is connect with the stainless steel seal sleeve by fastener.
4. oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system in Petroleum Production well logging according to claim 2, feature
It is, optical detector group includes multiple photodiodes, and multiple photodiodes couple the other more of optical fiber with described
The one-to-one connection respectively of a component.
5. oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system in Petroleum Production well logging according to claim 4, feature
It is, the photoelectric conversion circuit includes the first excitation resistance, multiple second excitation resistance, multiple protective resistances and power supply；
The light source and the first excitation resistance are connected between the anode and cathode of the power supply；
Multiple second excitation resistance are being connected on the power supply just with multiple photodiodes respectively correspondingly
Between pole and cathode；
One end of multiple protective resistances is respectively connected to multiple second excitation resistance and multiple photodiodes
Common point；
The other end of multiple protective resistances is connect with multiple signal wires respectively.
6. oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measuring system in Petroleum Production well logging according to claim 2, feature
It is, the coupling optical fiber includes L*n root silica fibre, coupling unit silica fibre as described in L*n root of the coupling optical fiber
It is coupled in beaming type；The grouping of the silica fibre as described in the L*n root coupling respectively of the component of the coupling optical fiber, obtains L points
Branch part, 1 component is connect with the light source in L components, a components of L-1 in addition and institute
State the connection of optical detector group.
7. oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measurement method in a kind of Petroleum Production well logging, which is characterized in that the measurement side
Method includes the following steps:
The multiterminal in the different vertical tedge under different flow and moisture content are obtained using more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors
Voltage signal, and classification storage is carried out according to the condition of acquisition, obtain training set；
Feature extraction and normalized are carried out to the training sample in the training set, obtain the comprehensive characteristics ginseng of training sample
Number；
Establish comprehensive characteristics parameter to oil-gas-water multiphase fluid clustering network model；
The clustering network model is trained according to the comprehensive characteristics parameter of training sample each in the training set, is obtained
Clustering network model after training；
The multiterminal voltage signal of Petroleum Production well logging to be measured is obtained using more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors, and is carried out feature and mentioned
It takes and normalized, obtains comprehensive characteristics parameter to be measured；
Petroleum Production to be measured is obtained using the clustering network model after the training according to the comprehensive characteristics parameter to be measured
Oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction in well logging.
8. oil-gas-water multiphase fluid void fraction measurement method in Petroleum Production well logging according to claim 7, feature
It is, feature extraction and normalized is carried out to the training sample in the training set, obtain the comprehensive characteristics of training sample
Parameter specifically includes:
The voltage value, of multiple voltage signals of a training sample of more receiving end optical-fiber probe sensors detection is obtained respectively
Value, difference, standard deviation, difference and dispersion obtain the characteristic parameter of the training sample；
The characteristic parameter is normalized, the comprehensive characteristics parameter of the training sample is obtained.
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