CN206020209U - Field runoff and sediment automated monitor - Google Patents
Field runoff and sediment automated monitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN206020209U CN206020209U CN201620908372.9U CN201620908372U CN206020209U CN 206020209 U CN206020209 U CN 206020209U CN 201620908372 U CN201620908372 U CN 201620908372U CN 206020209 U CN206020209 U CN 206020209U
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Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of field runoff and sediment automated monitor, including cylinder, sets the water intaking valve that is connected with runoff water inlet pipe, middle part and is provided with storage flow chamber, bottom sidewall and sets out water valve, set taper weather board below the water intaking valve at the top of the cylinder；The storage flow chamber bottom surface is the slope shape water storage base plate for being supported on cylinder bottom surface through supporting construction, and the least significant end of the slope shape water storage base plate is corresponding with outlet valve lower end；The cylinder lateral wall is provided with least one water level probe, and the water level probe height of extreme lower position is flushed with the most significant end of the slope shape water storage base plate；The cylinder bottom surface is provided with LOAD CELLS.Extremely simple reliable, the easy to operate, energy consumption of the utility model structure is low, high degree of automation, sand-flash effect is good, accuracy is high, production and maintenance cost low.
Description
Technical field
The utility model discloses a kind of runoff and sediment automated monitor, specifically a kind of field runoff and sediment is certainly
Dynamic monitoring device.
Background technology
Runoff silt content in soil erosion is to weigh one of important parameter of soil erosion, and water and soil conservation value
Main contents.According to the difference of measuring principle, silt measuring method can be divided into：Direct measuring method and indirect derivation method.Base
In the restriction that the runoff and sediment automated monitor of indirect inference method design suffers from all many conditions, such as power conditions, maintenance
Management, cost etc., these runoff and sediment automated monitors are usually applied to the higher region of laboratory or managerial skills,
The difficulty of field popularization and application is larger.
Based on direct measuring method design runoff and sediment automated monitor be then largely determined by certainty of measurement with automatic
Change level, the runoff and sediment automated monitor for such as currently being designed using hydrometer method have used small-sized runoff bottle or bottle of weighing in a large number
Used as carrying tool, its measure error is larger, and very easily deposits, and is not easy to management service；While most of runoff and sediment
Automated monitor need stirring or pumping equipment, higher requirement is proposed to electric power energy supply, these also all limit its
The application of remote districts.
As patent 201510121355.0 is mixed based on two hydrocone type water inlets, and weighed using small-sized bottle of weighing,
This equipment easily deposits, and there is certain restriction in maintenance management；Patent 201410232617.6 make use of motor driven,
With automatic sampling and multi-level run-off and quantity of sand and mud can be determined, but measurement quantity of sand and mud needs to stop water inlet, and determine silt certainly
Dynamicization low degree, which has limited which and uses in the wild, and patent 201520151152.1 is entered after make use of No. three siphoning installations and claimed
Weight bottle, and weighed using cantilever type weighing sensor, calculated flow rate is counted using impeller, structure constraint is in bottle of weighing
Size and the impact of current momentum LOAD CELLS cannot be reduced, there is certain error, in unmanned, reliability has
Limit.
To sum up, so far, there is following technology for the equipment design that soil erosion runoff and sediment in field is monitored automatically
Problem：(1) wild environment is severe, unmanned, and device structure is complicated, and easy care, service life is not short, automaticity is low, accurate
Really property and stability are poor；(2) motor or motor, high energy consumption, power supply difficulty, manufacturing cost is needed to increase；(3) runoff is by entering
Skewness when mouth is passed through in cylinder, impact liquid level cause water level signal and weight signal collection inaccurate.(4) equipment is easy
Shoal materials, the abundant emptying of silt after completing an interim monitoring become problem, so that measured is accurate next time
Property decline.(5) due to unmanned, therefore the equipment must adapt to field work requirement, meet whole-process automatic operation, analysis and
The function of transmission.
Content of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to solve above-mentioned technical problem, there is provided a kind of extremely simple reliable, operation of structure
Simplicity, low energy consumption, high degree of automation, sand-flash effect is good, accuracy is high, production and the low field runoff and sediment of maintenance cost from
Dynamic monitoring device.
The utility model equipment includes cylinder, sets the water intaking valve that is connected with runoff water inlet pipe, middle part and set at the top of the cylinder
There are storage flow chamber, bottom sidewall to set out water valve, below the water intaking valve, set taper weather board；The storage flow chamber bottom surface is through supporting knot
Structure is supported on the slope shape water storage base plate of cylinder bottom surface, and the least significant end of the slope shape water storage base plate is corresponding with outlet valve lower end；
The cylinder lateral wall is provided with least one water level probe, and the water level probe height and the slope shape water storage base plate of extreme lower position
Most significant end flush；The cylinder bottom surface is provided with LOAD CELLS.
Matrix overflow groove is provided between the water intaking valve and taper weather board,
The taper weather board is through supporting screen pack to be fixed on the wall of side, and has between taper weather board end and side wall
0.4-0.6cm gaps.
The angle of inclination of the slope shape water storage base plate is 30 °～50 °.
Also include control unit, described control unit includes single-chip microcomputer, the single-chip microcomputer respectively with water intaking valve and water outlet
The connection of the valve positioner of valve, water level probe, LOAD CELLS and timer.
The remote-wireless communication unit that with single-chip microcomputer be connected also is included.
The remote-wireless communication unit is Big Dipper transport module, and equipment can be transmitted after data are compressed, signal
Stablize, be applied to the severe field condition of communication condition.
Also include power supply unit, said supply unit include battery and the scene that is connected with the battery mutually
Reissue electric system.
Inventor is had made intensive studies to existing various measuring apparatus, is improved as follows：(1) in order to solve into water slug
Greatly, the problem of skewness, matrix overflow groove, taper weather board and supports screen pack in water intaking valve envisaged underneath, and matrix overflows
Tank can weaken the direct impulsive force of runoff, and can disperse silt in runoff, and runoff can be overflowed with matrix overflow groove；Taper is led
Water plate is used for accepting the liquid overflowed by matrix overflow groove, and which is dispersed to all portions along the conical surface, runoff is flowed into along side wall
Gap control in storage flow chamber, it is to avoid direct impact liquid level, between the accuracy of raising measurement, preferably taper weather board end and barrel
System is crossed conference and causes runoff stay along wall, water level probe is had an impact in 0.4-0.6cm, too small influent stream can be caused slow,
Can even block when there are a large amount of silts, affect measurement accuracy；The support screen pack can prevent leaf stone etc. with runoff
Enter fluid reservoir, it is ensured that the accuracy of measurement；(2) the creative slope shape water storage base plate in storage flow chamber floor design, a side
Face slope shape water storage base plate has guide effect, reduces the liquid stock of storage flow chamber bottom, during draining, is conducive to contain silt
Runoff guides draining valve into, can realize fast road draining, improves detection efficiency；On the other hand, slope shape water storage base plate is difficult the mud that deposits
Sand, during draining, storage stream indoor liquid can be washed away to plate face, and the accurate measurement for next stage provides powerful guarantee, equipment
It is hardly damaged, reduces maintenance cost.(3) at least one water level probe is set, and makes water level probe height and the institute of extreme lower position
The most significant end for stating slope shape water storage base plate is flushed, and based on the presence of slope shape water storage base plate, the water level probe of extreme lower position sets
Meter position can not be too low, if less than the most significant end of slope shape water storage base plate, the accuracy of influence to sediment collection may be received,
It is unfavorable for calculating；Also, when only one water level probe, can also make the water level in storage flow chamber less than slope shape water storage base plate most
High-end, lead to not form slope shape water storage base plate and effectively wash away.(4) water intaking valve and outlet valve are controlled by valve positioner
Opening and closing, the valve can use the valve of the quick response such as such as magnetic valve.Whole control process can pass through single-chip microcomputer control
System, truly realize unattended automation.(5) water level signal is gathered using single-chip microcomputer through water level probe, through claiming
Retransmit the weight signal in sensor collection storage flow chamber, through the time that timer record reaches a certain water level, in conjunction with known other
Data, can realize calculating analysis in single-chip microcomputer, obtain target data, and realize that data are passed by remote-wireless communication unit
Defeated；(6) motor or motor are not used in whole equipment, while automation, energy consumption control is extremely low, can adopt storage battery power supply,
Further, can also connect wind and solar hybrid generating system and electric energy be provided to battery, meet the various requirement of field work, adapt to
The adverse circumstances of field work.
Using the said equipment to field soil erosion runoff and sediment automatic monitoring method, comprise the following steps：
(1) water intaking valve is opened in control, and the footpath that runoff water inlet pipe is flowed into flows through the storage flow chamber that water intaking valve is flowed in cylinder, works as water
Meter sensing is visited by the water level when position reaches the water level probe of extreme lower position, single-chip microcomputer is sent a signal to, during control timer record
Between t1, LOAD CELLS gather weight M1；Control water intaking valve simultaneously to close, outlet valve is opened, and the liquid in cylinder is discharged；
(2) advance in single-chip microcomputer following data processings：Height in conjunction with the water level probe of known extreme lower position is low
Water level h1, cylinder radius r and water density pWater, substitute into formula and calculate：t1Stage runoff ratet1Stage body
Deposition sand rate
(3) result of calculation and data are sent to long-range receiving terminal through remote-wireless communication unit；
(4) after draining terminates, LOAD CELLS and timer are reclassified 0, and water intaking valve is opened in control, are closed outlet valve, are entered
Enter next measurement procedure.
Further, when the water level probe of n different vertical height is provided with cylinder, then in step (1), control water inlet
Valve is persistently intake, and water level is sensed by the water level probe of different vertical height successively, then timer respective record t1、t2……tn, claim
Retransmit sensor collection weight M1、M2……Mn, until after highest water level probe senses water level, control water intaking valve is closed, water outlet
Valve is opened, and the liquid in cylinder is discharged；
In step (2), following data processings of advancing in single-chip microcomputer：Water level probe in conjunction with known n diverse location
Height be water level h1、h2……hn, cylinder radius r, cylinder floor space π r2Density p with waterWater, substitute into formula and calculate, obtain
The mean value Q and S of stage runoff rate and silt rate：
The utility model design structure is extremely simple reliable, easy to operate, low, automatic without electro-motor or motor, energy consumption
Change degree is high, accuracy is high, production and maintenance cost are low, and long service life, sand-flash effect are good, without mud in equipment when actually used
Husky alluvial, for a long time using can also keep excellent accuracy, be particularly well-suited to field soil erosion runoff and sediment monitoring automatically.
The utility model method is simple, reliability, computational methods are simple, accuracy is high, strong operability.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model device structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the utility model equipment control principle drawing.
Fig. 3 is the comparative analysis figure of silt content test value and standard value.
Fig. 4 is the comparative analysis of run-off test value and standard value.
Wherein, 1. runoff water inlet pipe；2. entering water electromagnetic valve door；3. matrix overflow groove；4. electromagnetic valve controller；5. support
Screen pack；6. taper weather board；7. flow chamber is stored up；8. timer；9. water level probe is gone up；10. water level probe is descended；11. water outlet electromagnetism
Valve；12. base bayonet sockets；13. LOAD CELLSs；14. support bars；15. ramp type water storage base plates；16. cylinders；17. gaps；
18. batteries；19. single-chip microcomputers, 20. Big Dipper data transfer units；21. bases；22. wind and solar hybrid generating systems.
Specific embodiment
Explanation is further explained to the utility model equipment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Referring to Fig. 1, the utility model equipment includes for cylinder 16, control unit, remote-wireless communication unit and is
The power supply unit that equipment is powered.
Set at the top of the cylinder 16 be connected with runoff water inlet pipe 1 water intaking valve (as entering water electromagnetic valve door 2 in the present embodiment),
Middle part is provided with storage flow chamber 7, bottom sidewall and sets out water valve (being water solenoid valve door 11 in the present embodiment), the entering water electromagnetic valve door
Matrix overflow groove 3,3 lower section taper weather board 6 (preferably cone) of the matrix overflow groove, the taper water guide is set below 2
Plate 6 is through supporting screen pack 5 to be fixed on the wall of side, and has described in 0.4-0.6cm gaps 17 between 6 end of taper weather board and side wall
7 bottom surface of storage flow chamber is to be supported on the slope shape water storage base plate 15 of cylinder bottom surface through supporting construction (the present embodiment is support bar 14),
The angle of inclination a of the slope shape water storage base plate 15 is 30 °～50 °, its least significant end and water solenoid valve door 11Lower end is corresponding；Institute
State cylinder lateral wall be provided with least one water level probe (water level probe 9 and lower water level probe 10 is provided with the present embodiment), and most
The water level probe (lower water level probe 10) of lower position is highly flushed with the most significant end of the slope shape water storage base plate 15；The cylinder
16 bottom surfaces are provided with LOAD CELLS 13.
Described control unit includes single-chip microcomputer 19, the single-chip microcomputer 19 respectively with entering water electromagnetic valve door 2 and water solenoid valve
The electromagnetic valve controller 4 of door 11, upper water level probe 9, lower water level probe 10, LOAD CELLS 13 and timer 8 connect.
The remote-wireless communication unit is Big Dipper data transfer unit 20, can transmit after data are compressed, and believes
Number stable, be applied to the severe field condition of communication condition.
The wind and solar hybrid generating system 22 that said supply unit is included battery 18 and is connected with the battery.
Battery 18 in the present embodiment, in described control unit, remote-wireless communication unit and power supply unit
Install concentratedly in the base 21 of 16 bottom part down of cylinder, base 21 is fixed through base bayonet socket 12.
Monitoring process embodiment 1：
1), during rainfall, single-chip microcomputer 19 is opened through the control entering water electromagnetic valve of electromagnetic valve controller 4 door 2, water solenoid valve door
11 close, and footpath flows through runoff water inlet pipe 1 and flows into 3 in matrix overflow groove, and matrix overflow groove 3 can weaken the direct impulsive force of runoff,
And silt in runoff can be disperseed, runoff then flows into taper weather board with after the spilling of matrix overflow groove 3 through supporting screen pack 5 to filter
6 upper surfaces, after runoff is uniformly distributed by taper weather board 6, flow in storage flow chamber 7 through side wall of the gap 17 along cylinder 16, so as to
Water inlet avoids direct impact liquid level, elapsed time t1When water level reaches lower water level probe 10, water level probe 10 is signaled to list
Piece machine, LOAD CELLS 13 record and incoming for information single-chip microcomputer 19 are stored as weight M1, while the record time t of timer 81And
Incoming for information single-chip microcomputer 19, single-chip microcomputer collection are obtained t1 and M1；Control entering water electromagnetic valve door 2 simultaneously to close, water solenoid valve
Door 11 is opened, and due to the effect of ramp type water storage base plate 15, can be quickly discharge the liquid in storage flow chamber 7, will not be deposited
Silt, does not affect the accuracy that next time weighs；
2) advance in single-chip microcomputer 19 following data processings：Height in conjunction with known lower water level probe 10 is low water level
h1, cylinder radius r and water density pWater, substitute into formula and calculate：t1Stage runoff ratet1Stage volume
Silt rate
(3) result of calculation and data are sent to long-range receiving terminal through Big Dipper data transfer unit 20；Long-range as needed
Receiving terminal can also send control signal and send single-chip microcomputer 19 after the reception of Big Dipper data transfer unit 20 to and execute corresponding control
Instruction, such as equipment are turned on and off.
(4), after draining terminates, the control LOAD CELLS 13 of single-chip microcomputer 19 and timer 8 are reclassified 0, and water inlet is opened in control
Valve, cuts out outlet valve, enters next measurement procedure.
Monitoring process embodiment 2
Step (1) is identical with monitoring process embodiment 1, except for the difference that, after water level reaches lower water level probe 10, keeps holding
Continuous water inlet, treats water level elapsed time t2In arrival during water level probe 9, LOAD CELLS 13 is recorded and by incoming for information single-chip microcomputer 19
It is stored as weight M2, the record time t of timer 82And incoming for information single-chip microcomputer 19 is stored as t2, single-chip microcomputer 19 passes through and magnetic valve
The control of door control unit 4 entering water electromagnetic valve door 2 is closed, and water solenoid valve door 11 is opened, can be quickly by the liquid in storage flow chamber 7
Body is discharged；
In step (2), following data processings of advancing in single-chip microcomputer 19：Height in conjunction with known lower water level probe 10 is
Low water level h1, upper water level probe height be high water level h2, cylinder radius r and water density pWater, substitute into formula and calculate, obtain rank
Section runoff rate and the mean value Q and S of silt rate：
Stage runoff rate
Step (3) and step (4) are with monitoring process embodiment 1.
Further, as needed, plural water level probe (not shown) can also be set on cylinder 16,
Its monitoring process principle by embodiment 2, following data processings of advancing in single-chip microcomputer：Water in conjunction with known n diverse location
The height of position probe is water level h1, h2 ... hn, cylinder radius r, cylinder floor space π r2Density p with waterWater, substitute into formula meter
Calculate, obtain the mean value Q and S of stage runoff rate and silt rate：
In order to verify that the accuracy of the utility model monitoring of equipment, inventor have carried out following experiment：
Weigh miG soil, adds ViIn L water, quantity of sand and mud S is preparedi=mi/ViMud mixture, prepares multigroup different gradients
Si, in order to test the measure accuracy to quantity of sand and mud.Using quantitative control flowmeter control flow Vi, test what run-off was determined
Accuracy.
Control Si, do not control ViTested, read 5 secondary datas, flat quasi- value and the mark for trying to achieve quantity of sand and mud measure is poor.Control
Flow V processedi, do not control SiTested, read 5 secondary datas, flat quasi- value and the mark for trying to achieve run-off measure is poor.
Experimental result is shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, as illustrated, the test value of quantity of sand and mud and run-off and actual value have ten clearly demarcated
Aobvious dependency relation, and the measured value of quantity of sand and mud and actual value relative error are within 7.8%, the test value of run-off with true
Within 4.1%, equipment has preferable certainty of measurement to value relative error.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of field runoff and sediment automated monitor, including cylinder, it is characterised in that set to enter with runoff at the top of the cylinder
The water intaking valve of water pipe connection, middle part are provided with storage flow chamber, bottom sidewall and set out water valve, set taper weather board below the water intaking valve；
The storage flow chamber bottom surface is the slope shape water storage base plate for being supported on cylinder bottom surface through supporting construction, the slope shape water storage base plate
Least significant end is corresponding with outlet valve lower end；The cylinder lateral wall is provided with least one water level probe, and the water level probe of extreme lower position
Height is flushed with the most significant end of the slope shape water storage base plate；The cylinder bottom surface is provided with LOAD CELLS.
2. runoff and sediment automated monitor in field as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the water intaking valve is led with taper
Matrix overflow groove is provided between water plate.
3. runoff and sediment automated monitor in field as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the taper weather board through
Support screen pack is fixed on the wall of side, and there is between taper weather board end and side wall 0.4-0.6cm gaps.
4. runoff and sediment automated monitor in field as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the slope shape water storage base plate
Angle of inclination be 30 °～50 °.
5. the field runoff and sediment automated monitor as described in any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that also include control
Unit processed, described control unit include single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer valve positioner respectively with water intaking valve and outlet valve, water level
The connection of probe, LOAD CELLS and timer.
6. runoff and sediment automated monitor in field as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that also include and single-chip microcomputer connects
The remote-wireless communication unit for connecing.
7. runoff and sediment automated monitor in field as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the remote-wireless communication
Unit is Big Dipper data transfer unit.
8. runoff and sediment automated monitor in field as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that also include power supply unit,
The wind and solar hybrid generating system that said supply unit is included battery and is connected with the battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620908372.9U CN206020209U (en) | 2016-08-18 | 2016-08-18 | Field runoff and sediment automated monitor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620908372.9U CN206020209U (en) | 2016-08-18 | 2016-08-18 | Field runoff and sediment automated monitor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206020209U true CN206020209U (en) | 2017-03-15 |
Family
ID=58249859
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620908372.9U Expired - Fee Related CN206020209U (en) | 2016-08-18 | 2016-08-18 | Field runoff and sediment automated monitor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206020209U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106198294A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-12-07 | 长江水利委员会长江流域水土保持监测中心站 | Field runoff and sediment automated monitor and monitoring method |
-
2016
- 2016-08-18 CN CN201620908372.9U patent/CN206020209U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106198294A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-12-07 | 长江水利委员会长江流域水土保持监测中心站 | Field runoff and sediment automated monitor and monitoring method |
| CN106198294B (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-12-28 | 长江水利委员会长江流域水土保持监测中心站 | Field runoff and sediment automated monitor and monitoring method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170315 Termination date: 20190818 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |