CN205920035U - Constant pressure flood peak accurate control experimental apparatus - Google Patents

Constant pressure flood peak accurate control experimental apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN205920035U
CN205920035U CN201620806297.5U CN201620806297U CN205920035U CN 205920035 U CN205920035 U CN 205920035U CN 201620806297 U CN201620806297 U CN 201620806297U CN 205920035 U CN205920035 U CN 205920035U
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China
Prior art keywords
closed cylinder
pressure
controlling switch
communicating pipe
air
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201620806297.5U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘小刚
郝琨
韩志慧
余宁
伍进波
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a constant pressure flood peak accurate control experimental apparatus, including a closed cylinder (1), the 2nd closed cylinder (7), booster pump (20), because marriotte bottle has designed an external device, utilize the marriotte bottle theory of operation, through changing inside atmospheric pressure value, adjust unit discharge. Constant voltage air feeder provides invariable target atmospheric pressure, and constant voltage drain realizes the liquid uniform flow, and intelligent temperature control device provides constant temperature environment, and intelligent measuring device realizes the flow automatic measure, and display device shows measured data. Constant pressure flood peak accurate control experimental apparatus, needs according to to uniform flow research under different hydraulic pressure, the liquid temperature situation provide certain invariable atmospheric pressure and invariable liquid temperature to carry out automatic acquisition to the tentation data. This installation of automated degree is high, the test operation is simple and convenient, work load is little, experimental precision is high.

Description

A kind of constant pressure head is precisely controlled experimental provision
Technical field
This utility model is related to experimental measurement Instrument technology field and in particular to a kind of constant voltage constant temperature liquid feed device.
Background technology
Saturated hydraulic conductivity in soil is one of important physical property of soil, is to estimate soil unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, calculates soil In earth section the flux of water and design irrigate, an important parameter of drainage system engineering, its assay method includes determining head oozing Instrument method, falling head permeameter method, simulated rainfall method etc. thoroughly, and these assay methods all be unable to do without constant-pressure liquid supply device.
Existing geneva bottle is during feed flow, and geneva bottle, if hydraulic pressure need to be adjusted, need to be made the movement of relative elevation, or by horse In family name's bottle, feed tube makees the movement of relative elevation, and this far can not meet the requirement of test and relatively cumbersome, easily to test knot Fruit impacts.During being tested using geneva bottle, different people has different readings to be accustomed to, be mainly reflected in look up and Overlook reading, and in experimentation, substantial amounts of bubble in closed cylinder, can be produced, so that the liquid level one in closed cylinder Direct acting is swung, so artificial reading can inevitably produce error.Meanwhile, the liquid temperature in geneva bottle is with the change of ambient temperature Change and change, this carries out research to the uniform flow under different constant liquid temperature situations to a lot of research fields needs and brings trouble. In experimentation, need manually to wait for for a long time, so that workload is big;Experimental data needs artificial reading, causes to test Precision is low.
Content of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is aiming at above-mentioned already present problem, according to the design requirement of different research fields, A kind of research design constant pressure head is precisely controlled experimental provision it is intended to solve artificial complex operation, and workload is big, automatization Low degree, to solve to test the shortcoming not convenient, test accuracy is not high enough.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model: include the first closed cylinder 1, the second closed cylinder 7, booster pump 20, institute State the first closed cylinder 1 to be fixed on base 15, the second closed cylinder 7 is fixed on cabinet 21;First closed cylinder 1 upper end sets There is exhaustor 3, the first closed cylinder 1 lower end outside is provided with drain pipe 4, is provided with feed tube 2 and extends in the first closed cylinder 1 Outside first closed cylinder 1, the second closed cylinder 7 upper end was provided with for the first communicating pipe 5, and feed tube 2 was connected with the first communicating pipe 5, First communicating pipe 5 is by being connected with the first closed cylinder 1 the second communicating pipe 6;Described feed tube 2 is provided with the 3rd controlling switch 12, it is provided with the 4th controlling switch 13 and the first pressure regulator valve 17 first communicating pipe 5, the second communicating pipe 6 be provided with the 5th control and open Close 14, exhaustor 3 is provided with the second controlling switch 11, and drain pipe 4 is provided with the first controlling switch 10, differential pressure flowmeter;The One controlling switch 10 is used for the control of liquor stream, the second controlling switch 11, the 3rd controlling switch 12, the 4th controlling switch the 13, the 5th Controlling switch 14 is used for controlling air-flow.
It is provided with display screen 38, the first closed cylinder 1 bottom is respectively provided on two sides with the first half outside described first closed cylinder 1 Conductor cooling piece 30 and the second semiconductor refrigerating 31, are provided with the first temp.-sensing wire 34 and the second temp.-sensing wire inside the first closed cylinder 1 35;
Described booster pump 20 is fixed in cabinet 21, and booster pump 20 is provided with the second airway 22 and the second closed cylinder 7 It is connected, booster pump 20 is additionally provided with the first airway 18 with gas supply part split-phase even;Second airway 22 is provided with air valve 23, second Cutout cock 26, the second pressure regulator valve 24, the 3rd air gauge 28 and the 4th air gauge 29, the first airway 18 is provided with air cleaning Device 19, the first cutout cock 25 and the second air gauge 27;
Described feed tube 2 is fixed in the first closed cylinder 1 by gim peg 8.
Described first pressure regulator valve 17 was arranged between the first communicating pipe 5 and the second communicating pipe 6.
Described differential pressure type flowmeter orifice 9, pressure guiding pipe 32 and differential pressure gauge 33, described differential pressure gauge 33 pass through the first wire 36 with Display screen 38 connects.
Described first semiconductor chilling plate 30 and the second semiconductor chilling plate 31 pass through the second wire 37 with display screen 38 even Connect.
Operation principle of the present utility model: this utility model devises a kind of external device, using supercharging based on geneva bottle Pump work principle, provides hyperbar;Using pressure regulator valve, provide stable air pressure;Using geneva bottle operation principle, internal by changing Atmospheric pressure value, adjusts specific discharge;Using the duplexing temperature control principle of copper thermistor, realize liquid uniform flow under constant temperature;Using Differential pressure flowmeter principle, realizes data automatic measuring.
Work process of the present utility model: fluid injection: close liquid stopping clamp the first controlling switch 10, the 4th controlling switch 13, the Five controlling switches 14, open the second controlling switch 11, the 3rd controlling switch 12, liquid used by injection testing from feed tube 2, examination Test liquid used meet test required after stop injection, close the second controlling switch 11, the 3rd controlling switch 12, now first Closed cylinder 1 is identical with liquid level elevation in feed tube 2.
If warm: as requested, setting preset temperature and temperature display time intervals on display screen 38, by selecting switch S1 realizes the display of observed temperature or preset temperature, and the temperature of liquid is adjusted to preset temperature.Measurement data is through the second wire 37 Output, is eventually displayed on display screen 38.
Pressure regulation: open the first cutout cock 25 and the second cutout cock 26, by booster pump 20 in the case of source of the gas is relatively low, Air pressure is risen to the height that booster pump 20 can bear;As requested and the second air gauge 27 and the 3rd air gauge 28 data show Show, by adjusting the second pressure regulator valve 24, atmospheric pressure value is set, this atmospheric pressure value is slightly larger than actual design atmospheric pressure value (actual design air pressure Value can be converted into the movement that relative elevation made by original geneva bottle, or movement feed tube in original geneva bottle being made relative elevation When the hydraulic pressure value that adjusts).
Pressurization: open the 4th controlling switch 13, the 5th controlling switch 14, treat that the reading of the first air gauge 16 is slightly larger than test During required atmospheric pressure value, adjust the first pressure regulator valve 17 so as to be worth for air pressure design load.Now in the first closed cylinder 1 and feed tube 2 Liquid level elevation is still identical.
Measurement: flow (flow velocity) display time intervals are set on display screen 38, close the 4th controlling switch the 13, the 5th control Switch 14 processed, opens the first controlling switch 10, and after the liquid in feed tube 2 flow to ttom of pipe, the liquor stream in drain pipe 4 is all Uniform flow.While having liquid to flow out in drain pipe 4, the pointer on differential pressure gauge 33 starts to rotate, and measurement data is through the first wire 36 outputs, are eventually displayed on display screen 38.
The beneficial effects of the utility model: realize the research of uniform flow under different liquid temperature environment;Easy test operation, carries High test accuracy, facilitates experimental data to extract.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is constant pressure air feeding schematic device of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is constant voltage pumping equipment schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is temperature display control circuit figure of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is semiconductor chilling plate outside drawing of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 is semiconductor chilling plate principle schematic of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 is differential pressure flowmeter figure of the present utility model;
The each label of in figure: 1 first closed cylinder, 2 feed tubes, 3 exhaustors, 4 drain pipes, 5 first connections Pipe, 6 second communicating pipes, 7 second closed cylinders, 8 gim pegs, 9 orifice plates, 10 first controlling switches, 11 second Controlling switch, 12 the 3rd controlling switches, 13 the 4th controlling switches, 14 the 5th controlling switches, 15 bases, 16 first Air gauge, 17 first pressure regulator valves, 18 first airways, 19 air purifiers, 20 booster pumps, 21 cabinets, 22 Second airway, 23 air valves, 24 second pressure regulator valves, 25 first cutout cocks, 26 second cutout cocks, 27 second Air gauge, 28 the 3rd air gauges, 29 the 4th air gauges, 30 first semiconductor chilling plates, 31 second semiconductor refrigeratings Piece, 32 pressure guiding pipes, 33 differential pressure gauges, 34 first temp.-sensing wires, 35 second temp.-sensing wires, 36 first wires, 37 second Wire, 38 display screens, 39 red display lamps, 40 green display lamps.
Specific embodiment
With specific embodiment, this utility model is described in further details below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1: as Figure 1-3: this constant pressure head be precisely controlled experimental provision include the first closed cylinder 1, Second closed cylinder 7, booster pump 20, described first closed cylinder 1 is fixed on base 15, and the second closed cylinder 7 is fixed on cabinet On body 21;First closed cylinder 1 upper end is provided with exhaustor 3, and the first closed cylinder 1 lower end outside is provided with drain pipe 4, the first closing It is provided with feed tube 2 in cylinder 1 and extends to outside the first closed cylinder 1, the second closed cylinder 7 upper end was provided with for the first communicating pipe 5, entered Liquid pipe 2 was connected with the first communicating pipe 5, and the first communicating pipe 5 is by being connected with the first closed cylinder 1 the second communicating pipe 6;Described Feed tube 2 is provided with the 3rd controlling switch 12, the first communicating pipe 5 is provided with the 4th controlling switch 13 and the first pressure regulator valve 17, the Two communicating pipes 6 were provided with the 5th controlling switch 14, and exhaustor 3 is provided with the second controlling switch 11, and drain pipe 4 is provided with the first control Switch 10 processed, differential pressure flowmeter;
It is provided with display screen 38, the first closed cylinder 1 bottom is respectively provided on two sides with the first half outside described first closed cylinder 1 Conductor cooling piece 30 and the second semiconductor refrigerating 31, are provided with the first temp.-sensing wire 34 and the second temp.-sensing wire inside the first closed cylinder 1 35;
Described booster pump 20 is fixed in cabinet 21, and booster pump 20 is provided with the second airway 22 and the second closed cylinder 7 It is connected, booster pump 20 is additionally provided with the first airway 18 with gas supply part split-phase even;Second airway 22 is provided with air valve 23, second Cutout cock 26, the second pressure regulator valve 24, the 3rd air gauge 28 and the 4th air gauge 29, the first airway 18 is provided with air cleaning Device 19, the first cutout cock 25 and the second air gauge 27;
Described feed tube 2 is fixed in the first closed cylinder 1 by gim peg 8.
Described first pressure regulator valve 17 was arranged between the first communicating pipe 5 and the second communicating pipe 6.
Described differential pressure type flowmeter orifice 9, pressure guiding pipe 32 and differential pressure gauge 33, described differential pressure gauge 33 pass through the first wire 36 with Display screen 38 connects.
Described first semiconductor chilling plate 30 and the second semiconductor chilling plate 31 pass through the second wire 37 with display screen 38 even Connect.
Constant voltage discharge opeing: close the first controlling switch 10, the 4th controlling switch 13, the 5th controlling switch 14, open the second control Switch 11 processed, the 3rd controlling switch 12, liquid used by test injects from feed tube 2, and liquid used to be tested meets test institute Stop injection after needing, close the second controlling switch 11, the 3rd controlling switch 12, open the 4th controlling switch 13, the 5th control Switch 14, now the first closed cylinder 1 is consistent with liquid level in feed tube 2;Toward in the first communicating pipe 5 and the second communicating pipe 6 Injection object gas;Close the 5th controlling switch 14, open the first controlling switch 10;Treat that the liquid in feed tube 2 flow to ttom of pipe Afterwards, the liquid flow in drain pipe 4 is uniform flow.
Air pressure controlling: open the 4th controlling switch 13 and the 5th controlling switch 14, by the second airway 22 toward the second envelope Close injection object gas in cylinder 7;When the first air gauge 16 is showed more than design load, adjust the first pressure regulator valve 17 so as to be worth For air pressure design load;Close the 5th controlling switch 14, the second airway 22 keeps stable and supplies, now from the first communicating pipe 5 After crossing the first pressure regulator valve 17, air pressure produced by effluent air is EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN air pressure.
Constant pressure air feeding: this constant pressure air feeding device passes through booster pump 20 in the case of source of the gas is relatively low, and air pressure is risen to booster pump 20 height that can bear, adjust air pressure by the second pressure regulator valve 24 it is ensured that the consistent constant voltage in gas outlet exports;Air purifier 19 can With the oil in purify air, water, dust etc., reduce the equipment damage of device;Second air gauge 27, the 3rd air gauge 28 and the 4th Air gauge 29 is separately mounted on the airway of different phase, and three manometric precision reach 0.2, and user can be made directly perceived Understand use during each stage pressure;First cutout cock 25 and the second cutout cock 26 can directly control gas to enter Go out;The outfan of booster pump 20 comes with air valve 23, when air pressure is excessive, can be automatically drained out gas.
Embodiment 2: as shown in Figure 5: using copper thermistor measurement, copper thermistor rtIn -50 ~+150 DEG C of temperature ranges Resistance and temperature line relationship.The observing and controlling temperature scope of this controller is -50 ~+150 DEG C, and accuracy of detection is ± 0.1 DEG C, temperature control Precision is ± 0.3 DEG C.The temperature display controller of this attemperating unit is mainly made up of temperature detection amplifying circuit and comparator;a1 ~ a3 and peripheral circuit constitute temperature detection amplifying circuit, and a4 etc. forms comparator.This attemperating unit adopts semiconductor chilling plate to adjust Temperature control is poor, and the temperature range of semiconductor chilling plate is -130 ~+90 DEG C, and it is by n-type semiconductor and p-type semiconductor material The thermocouple pair being coupled to, when it has electric current to pass through, will produce heat transfer, heat will shift from one end between two ends To the other end, thus producing the temperature difference to form cold and hot end.
(1) temperature shows: can achieve the display of observed temperature or preset temperature by selecting switch s1.When selecting switch s1 When connecing 1, digital voltmeter connects the output of a3, and display screen 38 shows observed temperature.When selecting switch s1 connects 2, digital voltage Table connects the sliding end of rp3, and display screen 38 shows preset temperature.Through data conversion, temperature is shown on display screen 38, every one Set time measurement, display are once.
(2) temperature control: be can achieve by selecting switch s2 and temperature control is carried out to the liquid in the first closed cylinder 1. The reference voltage of comparator is by r11、r9、rp3And r10The bleeder circuit constituting produces, by rp3Different preset electricity can be adjusted Pressure.The voltage of the temperature proportional that amplifier a3 output is detected with rt.Switched by s2, make this two voltages be separately input to a4's In-phase input end and inverting input.
Refrigeration control: when s2 swings to 1,2, by rp3The preset voltage adjusting is added to the inverting input of a4, with temperature Proportional a3 output voltage is added to the in-phase input end of a4.If a3 output voltage is higher than preset voltage, show that observed temperature is high In preset temperature, a4 exports high level, vt1 and vt2 turns on, and relay ka obtains electric adhesive, connects the first semiconductor chilling plate 30, Red display lamp 39 is bright, shows that now electric current is flowed to the joint of p-type semiconductor material by n-type semiconductor in refrigeration, absorbs Heat, becomes cold end;Conversely, a4 output low level, vt1 and vt2 cut-off, green display lamp 40 is bright, shows to be in keeping warm mode.
Computer heating control: when s2 swings to 3,4, by rp3The preset voltage adjusting is added to the in-phase input end of a4, with temperature Proportional a3 output voltage is added to the inverting input of a4.If a3 output voltage is less than preset voltage, show that observed temperature is low In preset temperature, a4 exports high level, vt1 and vt2 turns on, and relay ka obtains electric adhesive, connects the second semiconductor chilling plate 31, Red display lamp 39 is bright, shows in heating, as seen in figs. 5-6: now electric current flows to n-type semiconductor material by p-type semiconductor material The joint of material, discharges heat, becomes hot junction;Conversely, a4 output low level, vt1 and vt2 cut-off, green display lamp 40 is bright, shows It is in keeping warm mode.
Embodiment 3: as shown in Figure 7: described differential pressure flowmeter includes orifice plate 9, pressure guiding pipe 32 and differential pressure gauge 33.
Differential pressure flowmeter is made up of primary device and secondary device, and primary device is referred to as flow measuring element, and it is installed In the pipeline of detected fluid, produce the pressure differential proportional to flow (flow velocity), carry out flow indication for secondary device;Secondary Device is referred to as display instrument, and it receives the differential pressure signal that measuring cell produces, and is converted into corresponding flow and is shown. This differential pressure flowmeter is made up of display device, throttling arrangement and differential pressure gauge, and throttling arrangement is mounted in the pipeline of flow of fluid In restricting element.The instantaneous delivery of fluid in pipeline is converted to the pressure in front and back of throttling arrangement in pipeline by this measurement apparatus Difference.Through data conversion, hydraulic pressure, fluid flow, flow velocity etc. are shown on display screen 38, measure, show one every a set time Secondary.
First pressure regulator valve 17 shows operating air pressure;Red display lamp 39 points out to heat or process of refrigerastion in liquid temperature regulation, Green display lamp 40 points out insulating process in liquid temperature regulation;Intelligent temperature control device is used for liquid temperature and regulates and controls, and intelligent device for measuring is used In liquid flow measurement, two intelligent apparatus are exported by the first wire 36 and the second wire 37, zoom into through preamplifier Voltage signal for 0 ~ 5v delivers to multiplexer, and multiplexer will deliver to a/d transducer according to command selection one road signal, A/d transducer is converted to the signal of input in the incoming display of digital signal, and shows measurement result on display screen 38.
The above, specific embodiment only of the present utility model, but protection domain of the present utility model does not limit to In this, any change or replacement expected without creative work, all should cover within protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of constant pressure head be precisely controlled experimental provision it is characterised in that: include the first closed cylinder (1), the second envelope Close cylinder (7), booster pump (20), described first closed cylinder (1) is fixed on base (15), the second closed cylinder (7) is fixing On cabinet (21);First closed cylinder (1) upper end is provided with exhaustor (3), and the first closed cylinder (1) lower end outside is provided with out liquid Pipe (4), is provided with feed tube (2) and extends to the first closed cylinder (1) outward in the first closed cylinder (1), the second closed cylinder (7) Upper end is provided with the first communicating pipe (5), first pressure table (16), and feed tube (2) was connected with the first communicating pipe (5), the first connection Pipe (5) is by being connected with the first closed cylinder (1) the second communicating pipe (6);Described feed tube (2) is provided with the 3rd controlling switch (12), it is provided with the 4th controlling switch (13) and the first pressure regulator valve (17) the first communicating pipe (5), be provided with the second communicating pipe (6) 5th controlling switch (14), exhaustor (3) is provided with the second controlling switch (11), and drain pipe (4) is provided with the first controlling switch (10), differential pressure flowmeter;
It is provided with display screen (38), the first closed cylinder (1) bottom is respectively provided on two sides with first outside described first closed cylinder (1) Semiconductor chilling plate (30) and the second semiconductor chilling plate (31), are provided with the first temp.-sensing wire (34) inside the first closed cylinder (1) With the second temp.-sensing wire (35);
Described booster pump (20) is fixed in cabinet (21), and booster pump (20) is provided with the second airway (22) and the second closing cylinder Body (7) is connected, and booster pump (20) is additionally provided with the first airway (18) with gas supply part split-phase even;
Second airway (22) is provided with air valve (23), the second cutout cock (26), the second pressure regulator valve (24), the 3rd air gauge (28) and the 4th air gauge (29), the first airway (18) is provided with air purifier (19), the first cutout cock (25) and Two air gauges (27).
2. constant pressure head according to claim 1 be precisely controlled experimental provision it is characterised in that: described feed tube (2) it is fixed in the first closed cylinder (1) by gim peg (8).
3. constant pressure head according to claim 1 be precisely controlled experimental provision it is characterised in that: described first pressure regulation Valve (17) was arranged between the first communicating pipe (5) and the second communicating pipe (6).
4. constant pressure head according to claim 1 be precisely controlled experimental provision it is characterised in that: described differential pressure type stream Gauge includes orifice plate (9), pressure guiding pipe (32) and differential pressure gauge (33), and described differential pressure gauge (33) passes through the first wire (36) and display screen (38) connect.
5. constant pressure head according to claim 1 be precisely controlled experimental provision it is characterised in that: described the first half lead Body cooling piece (30) and the second semiconductor chilling plate (31) are connected with display screen (38) by the second wire (37).
CN201620806297.5U 2016-07-29 2016-07-29 Constant pressure flood peak accurate control experimental apparatus Expired - Fee Related CN205920035U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201620806297.5U CN205920035U (en) 2016-07-29 2016-07-29 Constant pressure flood peak accurate control experimental apparatus

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201620806297.5U CN205920035U (en) 2016-07-29 2016-07-29 Constant pressure flood peak accurate control experimental apparatus

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CN201620806297.5U Expired - Fee Related CN205920035U (en) 2016-07-29 2016-07-29 Constant pressure flood peak accurate control experimental apparatus

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106248549A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-12-21 昆明理工大学 A kind of constant pressure head is precisely controlled experimental provision

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106248549A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-12-21 昆明理工大学 A kind of constant pressure head is precisely controlled experimental provision
CN106248549B (en) * 2016-07-29 2024-02-20 昆明理工大学 Accurate control experimental device for constant pressure water head

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CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20170201

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