CN205448669U - Laterite nickel ore microwave low -temperature smelting device - Google Patents
Laterite nickel ore microwave low -temperature smelting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN205448669U CN205448669U CN201620012773.6U CN201620012773U CN205448669U CN 205448669 U CN205448669 U CN 205448669U CN 201620012773 U CN201620012773 U CN 201620012773U CN 205448669 U CN205448669 U CN 205448669U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a laterite nickel ore microwave low -temperature smelting device, it includes the continuous type hyperthermia tunnel kiln body (1), erects microwave source and control section (2) in the continuous type hyperthermia tunnel kiln body (1) both sides, the continuous type hyperthermia tunnel kiln is personally experienced sth. Part of the body, and (1) includes preheating section (1 -1), microwave heating chamber (1 -2), (1 -3) is organized in the ability waveguide and ability mouth (1 -4) is presented to the microwave with continuous the presenting of microwave heating chamber (1 -2) to and install microwave leakage suppression device (3) at microwave heating chamber (1 -2) tail end, microwave source and control section (2) include microwave output cabinet and power control cabinet, and microwave heating chamber (1 -2) periphery is equipped with water cooling plant and fan cooler. The utility model provides a laterite nickel ore microwave low -temperature smelting device, structural design is reasonable, and microwave heating is efficient, and the microwave energy high -usage can be realized serialization, low cost, energy -conserving ferronickel and smelt production, and the rate of recovery of ferronickel is high, and the range of application is extensive.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to a kind of smelting laterite-nickel ores application apparatus, is specifically related to a kind of laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device.
Background technology
Along with surging in lateritic nickel ore investment enthusiasm of China, China's high-quality lateritic nickel ore resource has significantly reduced at present, and the lateritic nickel ore low price of nickeliferous less than 2% but use that traditional handicraft carries out smelting relatively costly, the most more effectively developing low-grade laterite nickel ore becomes a real difficult problem.Lateritic nickel ore belongs to oxidation sand, domestic use arise primarily at Indonesia, Philippine, be smelt the nickel pig iron primary raw material, be used as produce rustless steel raw material.High-grade nickel iron ore deposit is monopolized by Japanese enterprises, China can only import nickel content 0.9%～1.1% low ore grade nickel ore in sand form.
At present, the main technique smelting lateritic nickel ore has sintering mineral hot furnace, a rotary kiln mineral hot furnace two kinds: (1) sintering mineral hot furnace be first laterite is dehydrated in sintering machine, agglomeration, form the nickeliferous sintering deposit of certain lumpiness and intensity, the method then carrying out smelting in ore-smelting electric furnace.For the sintering mineral hot furnace of technology maturation, 1 ton of 10%NiFe consumes about 800kg fine coal, 600kg lump coal or nut coke and 4800kwh electric energy, and the recovery rate of Ni is about 92%.Melting electric consumption is high, and economic benefit is low.(2) the hot stove of rotary kiln is first to remove the mechanical water in laterite, removing water of crystallization at dry kiln and revolution calcining kiln, and carry out partial reduction, temperature raising, then by lateritic nickel ore sand hot delivery and hot charging good for rotary kiln baking to ore-smelting electric furnace, in ore-smelting electric furnace, continuation heats up, reduces, melts and divide.Stove hot for rotary kiln, 1 ton of 10%NiFe consumes about 1000kg fine coal, 500kg lump coal or nut coke and 4000kWh electric energy, and the recovery rate of Ni is about 92%.Compared with sintering mineral hot furnace: improve mineral hot furnace charging temperature, bring up to 600～700 DEG C from 200～400 DEG C；There is certain prereduction rate (Ni:40～60%, Fe:20～40%), reduce the reduction power consumption of ore-smelting electric furnace.But production cost and power consumption can be the highest.Therefore, necessary on the basis of prior art, the device that a kind of production cost response rate low, Ni is high is designed and developed.
Prior art is common microwave tunnel formula equipment, from top energy regenerative input microwave energy to microwave cavity, then through heat-insulation layer, reaches target material.There is more deficiency in this technical scheme, limits its application, and the particular problem existed after actual motion has:
1, there is no chiller outside microwave cavity, cause working site ambient temperature too high, be unfavorable for normally working.
2, insulation material uses more than it and normally uses temperature so that it is material character own produces change, becomes absorbing microwave material, start to absorb microwave energy, cause insulation material self to be rapidly heated, exceed its critical use temperature, it is damaged to, it is impossible to use, and reduce microwave service efficiency.
3, microwave energy service efficiency is the highest, it is impossible to reach target temperature, and it is inefficient that material heats.
Utility model content
Utility model purpose: the purpose of this utility model is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of reasonable in design is provided, workable, automaticity is high, production efficiency is high, can save a large amount of human and material resources, it is possible to realize serialization, low cost, energy-conservation laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device.Especially changing microwave energy-feeding mouth distribution mode and position, microwave energy is more uniform compared to existing technology, and microwave energy utilization rate is higher, and the material efficiency of heating surface is higher.Additionally set up water collar on this utility model microwave cavity outer wall, it is possible to decrease outside wall temperature is to normal temperature.And set up circulation wind path, can well keep microwave cavity internal temperature, i.e. ensure that insulation material uses temperature relatively low, do not produce qualitative change, thus ensure the normal feed-in of microwave energy.
Technical scheme: in order to realize object above, technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
A kind of laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device, it includes continuous high-temperature tunnel kiln body, is erected at the microwave source on continuous high-temperature tunnel kiln body and control part；Described continuous high-temperature tunnel kiln body includes preheating section, microwave heating chamber, the energy regenerative waveguide group being connected with microwave heating chamber and microwave energy-feeding mouth, and is arranged on the microwave leakage restraining device of microwave heating chamber tail end；Described microwave source and control part include microwave output cabinet and electrical power control cabinet；
The microwave energy of described microwave output cabinet is input to microwave heating intracavity by microwave energy-feeding mouth from microwave heating chamber side multichannel；
Described microwave energy-feeding mouth is oblique horn-like, and vertical two-by-two between adjacent microwave energy-feeding mouth, the mode taking neighboring vertical to polarize realizes coupling and coupling；
Described microwave heating intracavity is provided with insulating, and described insulating includes outermost heat-preservation cotton, middle lightweight thermal insulation layer and the heavy heat-insulation layer of internal layer；
Described microwave leakage restraining device includes inhaling ripple material plate, laterite brick and heat-preservation cotton the most successively；
The outer wall of described microwave heating chamber is provided with the water collar for cooling, is provided with circulating cooling wind path between water collar and the outer wall of microwave heating chamber.
Preferably, above-described laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device, described microwave energy-feeding mouth is positioned at microwave heating chamber side, and inclination has a certain degree.In order to obtain the power output of maximum, the coherence between feedback mouth is weakened as far as possible during feedback mouth arrangement, this utility model is by the arrangement mode of great many of experiments screening microwave energy-feeding mouth, test result indicate that, microwave energy-feeding mouth is arranged on the sidepiece of microwave heating chamber, and the set-up mode that adjacent each feedback mouth is perpendicular, thus obtain the incidence wave of vertical polarization, each feedback mouth degree of coupling is made to reduce, thus can ensure to present the independence of mouth, achieve the stable input of each power, and during single power supply maintenance shut-downs, remaining power supply can be unaffected, thus ensure continuing to run with of complete equipment, realize i.e. opening of each power supply i.e. to stop to control function with equipment realtime power, it is thus possible to for the reduction of lateritic nickel ore crystal grain with assemble and provide stable heating environment, productivity is higher.This utility model uses the mode of side feed-in compared with the feed-in of existing top, more widely microwave energy can be covered material, strengthen material assimilation effect, improve microwave energy application efficiency, and microwave heating efficiency is high compared with prior art by more than 20%.
Preferably, above-described laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device, described microwave heating intracavity is provided with push pedal kiln car.
Preferably, above-described laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device, described microwave heating intracavity is provided with temperature measurement and control instrument.
Preferably, above-described laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device, the circulating cooling wind path of described microwave heating chamber two side bottom offers air inlet, the circulating cooling wind path of microwave heating top of chamber offers air outlet.Described laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device, it is characterised in that described water collar canoe is arranged on the periphery of microwave heating chamber.Sufficiently cool heat radiation.
The laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device that this utility model provides more existing has bigger improvement, prior art one be top energy regenerative input microwave energy to metallic microwave chamber, by one section of immobilising air section, then through heat-insulation layer, reach target material.During this, rising along with metallic microwave chamber internal temperature, the temperature of immobilising air section increases, and maintain under certain high temperature, the outer wall thus making metallic microwave chamber can distribute the temperature more than 60 DEG C always, the normal work of impact, also cause insulation material to be in the most therewith under high temperature to work simultaneously, the lower insulation material nature that works long hours changes, become absorbing the material of microwave energy, make microwave cannot penetrate insulation material to be irradiated on material, not only greatly reduce microwave efficiency, also make own temperature too high and damage simultaneously.
After this utility model improves: first: design water collar at microwave heating cavity outer wall, it is ensured that the temperature of metallic microwave cavity outer wall remains at room temperature.Second: design moving air layer, the high temperature air in metallic microwave intracavity portion can be taken away, it is ensured that the temperature in metallic microwave intracavity portion remains at normal operating range, the use temperature of protection insulation material, prevents its character from changing, affects penetrating of microwave energy.3rd: change the mode of microwave energy feed-in, top be fed directly into and make the angle feed-in that side is certain into, such advantage is more widely microwave energy to be covered material, strengthens material assimilation effect, improves microwave energy application efficiency.
Microwave heating intracavity described in the utility model is provided with insulating, and described insulating includes outermost heat-preservation cotton, middle lightweight thermal insulation layer and the heavy heat-insulation layer of internal layer；
Described microwave leakage restraining device includes inhaling ripple material plate, laterite brick and heat-preservation cotton the most successively.
Microwave heating intracavity described in the utility model is provided with insulating, and described insulating includes outermost heat-preservation cotton, middle lightweight thermal insulation layer and the heavy heat-insulation layer of internal layer；Composite material combination such as (this utility model employing are high temperature resistant, wave good and does not absorb heavy heat-insulation layer, lightweight thermal insulation layer and the heat-preservation cotton of microwave) becomes specific insulating, there is good heat insulating, it is possible to stably maintain the temperature of microwave heating intracavity.In actual production process, lateritic nickel ore material enters leading portion low-temperature reduction reaction tunnel cave, fine coal or natural gas are as thermal source, temperature is risen to 1150 DEG C, enter flat-temperature zone, without under temperature drop state, enter microwave low temperature drastic reduction, collection sections, under microwave action, it is brought rapidly up to 1300 DEG C, it is achieved ferronickel crystal grain drastic reduction in slag and gathering, therefore temperature is extremely important to drastic reduction and the gathering of ferronickel crystal grain, the slightly deviation of temperature will affect the brilliant reduction of ferronickel and gathering, thus affects the response rate of ferronickel, reduces production efficiency.This utility model filters out for the architectural feature that microwave heating chamber heats and neither absorbs microwave, must allow again microwave energy quickly through, the special insulation material that heat scatters and disappears must also be prevented simultaneously, this utility model is by great many of experiments contrast screening, test result indicate that, outermost heat-preservation cotton is set up successively at microwave heating intracavity, middle light-weight mullite and the heavy corundum of internal layer can play good heat insulation effect, do not absorb microwave energy, can effectively maintain the temperature-resistant of microwave heating intracavity, improve drastic reduction and the gathering of ferronickel crystal grain, improve the response rate of ferronickel, improve production efficiency, achieve good technique effect.
Microwave leakage restraining device described in the utility model includes microwave absorption plate, laterite brick and heat-preservation cotton the most successively.Discharging opening microwave is reflected and absorbs by microwave absorption plate, laterite brick, microwave absorption plate there is good wave absorbtion and high temperature resistant feature, can effectively suppress the leakage of major part microwave energy, certain wave absorbtion that laterite brick has, remaining microwave energy can be absorbed, and laterite brick has good thermal insulation, effectively blocking the transmission of heat, the heat-preservation cotton of microwave leakage restraining device outer layer blocks the radiation of heat further.Use this structure, it is possible to effectively prevent microwave leakage, increase safety.This utility model employing reflecting surface and strong absorbing load combinative structure realize microwave leakage can be suppressed.20m preheating section is set at microwave heating chamber charging aperture and is covered with lateritic nickel ore to be heated, 20m lateritic nickel ore to be heated realizes to suppress the leakage of charging aperture microwave as absorbing load, discharging opening 5m suppression section is in addition to lateritic nickel ore is as absorbing load, it is additionally provided with microwave absorption plate and discharging opening microwave is reflected and absorbs by laterite brick, test result indicate that, this suppression structure can effectively prevent microwave leakage, increases device security.
Preferably, above-described laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device, described microwave heating intracavity is provided with push pedal kiln car, can realize lateritic nickel ore material by push pedal kiln car and smelt material carrying and the transport in district at high temperature microwave.
Preferably, above-described laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device, described microwave heating intracavity is provided with temperature measurement and control instrument.This utility model is provided with temperature measurement and control instrument in microwave an actor's rendering of an operatic tune, can the temperature of real-time online measuring heating intracavity, control the duration of heat and microwave power according to temperature of charge regulation, it is ensured that the temperature stabilization of heating intracavity.
Beneficial effect: the laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device that this utility model provides compared with prior art has the advantage that
1, the laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device that this utility model provides, reasonable in design, workable, production efficiency is high, can realize serialization, low cost, the production of energy-conservation nickel-iron smelting, and the response rate of ferronickel is high.Microwave cavity outer wall sets up water collar, reduces outside wall temperature to normal temperature；Set up circulation wind path, keep microwave cavity internal temperature, i.e. ensure that insulation material uses temperature relatively low, do not produce qualitative change, thus ensure the normal feed-in of microwave energy.
2, this utility model is provided with multichannel feedthrough and the feed-in mode thereof of optimization at microwave heating chamber lateral part, and being provided with the advantage of multichannel feedthrough is that microwave input has that uniformity is good, microwave synthesis power high.And the arrangement mode of the microwave energy-feeding mouth of this utility model optimization, can at utmost eliminate each feedback mouth degree of coherence, realize Best Coupling and coupling, effectively reduce microwave system power attenuation, it is finally reached 3 megawatts and the output of above microwave power, thus stable nickel-iron smelting temperature is provided, improve production efficiency.
3, the laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device that this utility model provides, structure and material through great many of experiments screening microwave heating chamber inner heat insulation layer, according to microwave permeability occasioned, select the feature of heating property, use the preferred outermost heat-preservation cotton of this utility model, middle lightweight thermal insulation layer and the design of internal heavy heat-insulation layer insulating composite thermal insulation heat insulation structural, microwave energy loss in cavity can be reduced, microwave can be allowed again to be efficiently entering lateritic nickel ore, targetedly nickel minerals is heated, this design has good heat insulation function, can effectively maintain the temperature stabilization of heating intracavity, drastic reduction and gathering for ferronickel crystal grain provide and well ensure, the design of this attemperator can improve production efficiency, the inconstant deficiency of prior art temperature can be overcome, achieve good technique effect.
4, the laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device that this utility model provides, filter out microwave absorption anti-leak material through great many of experiments and work out the structure of microwave leakage restraining device, test result indicate that employing this utility model preferred microwave absorption plate, discharging opening microwave is reflected and absorbs by laterite brick, microwave absorption plate there is good wave absorbtion and high temperature resistant feature, can effectively suppress the leakage of major part microwave energy, certain wave absorbtion that laterite brick has, remaining microwave energy can be absorbed, and the thermal insulation that laterite brick is good, effectively block the transmission of heat, the heat-preservation cotton of microwave leakage restraining device outer layer blocks the radiation of heat further.Therefore the microwave leakage restraining device using this structure can effectively prevent microwave leakage, increases device security.
5, the combination of multiple microwave an actor's rendering of an operatic tune is constituted microwave combination chamber by this utility model, grows up from reverting to crystal grain, is a continuous process from reverting to crystal grain accumulation regions.It is in 1150 DEG C of flat-temperature zones in low-temperature reduction section, is carrying microwave low temperature smelting section without temperature drop condition, utilizing microwave energy to make raw material be rapidly heated to 1300 DEG C, it is achieved crystal grain is assembled, and final smelting temperature 1300 DEG C is lower than the mineral hot furnace 1600 DEG C of prior art.Ferro-nickel recovery rate is high, and more energy-conservation, controlled, production cost is lower.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The side structure schematic diagram of the laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device that Fig. 1 provides for this utility model.
The plan structure schematic diagram of the laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device that Fig. 2 provides for this utility model.
Fig. 3 provides the structural representation of microwave heating chamber in laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device for this utility model.
Fig. 4 provides the structural representation of microwave leakage restraining device in laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device for this utility model.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, it is further elucidated with this utility model, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate this utility model rather than limit scope of the present utility model, after having read this utility model, those skilled in the art all fall within the application claims limited range to the amendment of the various equivalent form of values of the present utility model.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device, it includes continuous high-temperature tunnel kiln body (1), the microwave source being erected at kiln body (1) both sides, continuous high-temperature tunnel and controls part (2)；Described continuous high-temperature tunnel kiln body (1) includes energy regenerative waveguide group (1-3) and the microwave energy-feeding mouth (1-4) that preheating section (1-1), microwave heating chamber (1-2) be connected with microwave heating chamber (1-2), and is arranged on the microwave leakage restraining device (3) of microwave heating chamber (1-2) tail end；Described microwave source and control part (2) include microwave output cabinet and electrical power control cabinet；
The microwave energy of described microwave output cabinet is input in microwave heating chamber (1-2) from microwave heating chamber (1-2) side multichannel by microwave energy-feeding mouth (1-4)；
Described microwave energy-feeding mouth (1-4) is in oblique horn-like, and vertical two-by-two between adjacent microwave energy-feeding mouth (1-4), the mode taking neighboring vertical to polarize realizes coupling and coupling；
Being provided with insulating (4) in described microwave heating chamber (1-2), described insulating (4) includes outermost heat-preservation cotton, middle lightweight thermal insulation layer and the heavy heat-insulation layer of internal layer；
Described microwave leakage restraining device (3) includes inhaling ripple material plate (3-1), laterite brick (3-2) and heat-preservation cotton (3-3) the most successively；
The outer wall of described microwave heating chamber (1-2) is provided with the water collar (1-5) for cooling, is provided with circulating cooling wind path (1-6) between the outer wall of water collar (1-5) and microwave heating chamber (1-2).Water collar (1-5) is connected with cooling water inlet pipe, pump drive circulation；Offer air inlet (1-6-1) on the circulating cooling wind path (1-6) of described microwave heating chamber (1-2) two side bottom, the circulating cooling wind path (1-6) at microwave heating chamber (1-2) top offers air outlet (1-6-2).Described water collar (1-5) canoe is arranged on the periphery of microwave heating chamber (1-2).
Above-described laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device, described microwave energy-feeding mouth (1-4) is positioned at microwave heating chamber (1-2) side, is inclined to 45 degree of angles.
Above-described laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device, is provided with push pedal kiln car (5), kiln car (5) is stacked with material (6) in described microwave heating chamber (1-2).In described microwave heating chamber (1-2), temperature measurement and control instrument is installed.
The above is only preferred implementation of the present utility model; it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, on the premise of without departing from this utility model principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. a laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device, it is characterised in that it includes continuous high-temperature tunnel kiln body (1), the microwave source being erected at kiln body (1) both sides, continuous high-temperature tunnel and controls part (2)；Described continuous high-temperature tunnel kiln body (1) includes energy regenerative waveguide group (1-3) and the microwave energy-feeding mouth (1-4) that preheating section (1-1), microwave heating chamber (1-2) be connected with microwave heating chamber (1-2), and is arranged on the microwave leakage restraining device (3) of microwave heating chamber (1-2) tail end；Described microwave source and control part (2) include microwave output cabinet and electrical power control cabinet；
The microwave energy of described microwave output cabinet is input in microwave heating chamber (1-2) from microwave heating chamber (1-2) side multichannel by microwave energy-feeding mouth (1-4)；
Described microwave energy-feeding mouth (1-4) is in oblique horn-like, and vertical two-by-two between adjacent microwave energy-feeding mouth (1-4), the mode taking neighboring vertical to polarize realizes coupling and coupling；
Being provided with insulating (4) in described microwave heating chamber (1-2), described insulating (4) includes outermost heat-preservation cotton, middle lightweight thermal insulation layer and the heavy heat-insulation layer of internal layer；
Described microwave leakage restraining device (3) includes inhaling ripple material plate (3-1), laterite brick (3-2) and heat-preservation cotton (3-3) the most successively；
The periphery of described microwave heating chamber (1-2) is provided with the water collar (1-5) for cooling, is provided with circulating cooling wind path (1-6) between the outer wall of water collar (1-5) and microwave heating chamber (1-2).
Laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described microwave energy-feeding mouth (1-4) is positioned at microwave heating chamber (1-2) side, is inclined to 45 degree of angles.
Laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with push pedal kiln car (5) in described microwave heating chamber (1-2).
Laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with temperature measurement and control instrument in described microwave heating chamber (1-2).
Laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, offer air inlet (1-6-1) on the circulating cooling wind path (1-6) of described microwave heating chamber (1-2) two side bottom, the circulating cooling wind path (1-6) at microwave heating chamber (1-2) top offers air outlet (1-6-2).
Laterite nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described water collar (1-5) canoe is arranged on the periphery of microwave heating chamber (1-2).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105509464A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-04-20 | 新冶高科技集团有限公司 | Laterite-nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105509464A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-04-20 | 新冶高科技集团有限公司 | Laterite-nickel ore microwave low-temperature smelting device |
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Granted publication date: 20160810 Termination date: 20190107 |