CN205381157U - Electric vehicle controller - Google Patents
Electric vehicle controller Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN205381157U CN205381157U CN201620191252.1U CN201620191252U CN205381157U CN 205381157 U CN205381157 U CN 205381157U CN 201620191252 U CN201620191252 U CN 201620191252U CN 205381157 U CN205381157 U CN 205381157U
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- electric vehicle
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an electric vehicle controller, including microprocessor, drive circuit, power conversion module, speed regulation module, current regulator module and temperature regulation module, the power conversion module is connected with the motor electricity. The utility model discloses a rotational speed of motor on the two closed -loop control's of electric current the basis, introduce the temperature of motor winding and measure as temperature feedback. The temperature regulation module lets motor real -time temperature and the maximum permissible value of preset temperature carry out the comparison, when the temperature is greater than the maximum permissible value of preset temperature, for current regulator module output current -limiting saturation value conditioning signal, makes the saturation that current regulator module root rotational speed feeds back and temperature feedback adjusts the cut -off current, makes the maximum output power of power conversion circuit adjusts motor, removes to reduce motor winding operating temperature. Consequently the utility model discloses can carry out the excess temperature protection to the motor to make the motor under the operating condition of complicacy, also can not take place the overheating fault.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to motor overheat protector technical field, particularly relates to a kind of controller for electric vehicle.
Background technology
The complexity of the running environment of electric motor car, causes that vehicle-mounted motor operation can cause the temperature rise of motor winding.And the safety that motor is run by too high temperature and all there is certain hidden danger service life, make the fault rate of motor and controller for electric vehicle generally raise.In order to reduce the fault rate of motor and controller for electric vehicle, then need a kind of practicable motor and controller for electric vehicle protection, electric-control system is protected.
Existing relevant motor of electric motor car excess temperature protection method at present, for instance publication number is CN102255282A, and name is called the Chinese patent of " temperature protecting method of a kind of pure electric vehicle permagnetic synchronous motor and controller system ".The excess temperature protection method of this patent disclosure, the characteristic of the change of the voltage that the resistance mainly by critesistor varies with temperature and causes, and utilize DSP programme-control in MCU adjust the output of PWM chip, and then motor cuts out.The learning of technical scheme disclosed in it, it realizes the overheat protector of motor mainly by the mode of power-off, is not related to the adjustment of the saturation of cut-off current, and electronic peak power output is set to a static limit value.
But the controller for electric vehicle being based on overheat protector is used mostly the control method of rotating speed/current double closed-loop, the operation power of motor is subject to rotating speed outer shroud and current inner loop dual regulation, but the peak power output of motor is by the saturation value of cut-off current (after being correctly connected with motor by controller, rotate speed control crank, motor is made to be in maximum (top) speed running status, and rotating speed is normal, at this moment load is increased to motor, notice during loading that loading velocity is not too urgent, in order to avoid at the bottom of extracted current accuracy rate, concordance is poor, until motor stops, the cut-off current that maximum current is controller occurred on power supply in this process, general 6 pipe current limlitings are in 17A ± 1, the current limliting of 9 pipes is in 25A ± 1, the current limliting of 12 pipes is in 28A ± 1, the current limliting of 15 pipes is in 35A ± 1, the current limliting of 18 pipes is in 40A ± 1.) limited.Owing to electric motor car operating condition is complicated, during longtime running, the static peak power output limited may result in the overheating fault of motor.According to statistics, within 2014, more than the 40% of fault sum has been accounted for because peak power output sets the not good enough overheating fault caused, it has also become the key issue of restriction electric motor car industry development.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is in that to provide a kind of controller for electric vehicle, and this controller possesses motor overheat protector function, so that motor is under complicated operating condition, without overheating fault occurs.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution of the utility model is:
A kind of controller for electric vehicle includes the microprocessor, drive circuit and the power conversion modules that are sequentially connected electrically, and described power conversion modules electrically connects with motor；Also include: for inputting the control module that vehicle runs, described control module electrically connects with described microprocessor；For controlling the double-closed-loop control module that motor runs, described double-closed-loop control module includes rotational speed regulation module and current regulating module, and electric current corresponding to described rotational speed regulation module output speed negative feedback regulates the signal of telecommunication to described current regulating module；Described current regulating module electrically connects with described power conversion modules, also include the temperature adjustment module electrically connected with described microprocessor, current limliting saturation value corresponding to described temperature adjustment module output temperature negative feedback regulates the signal of telecommunication to described current regulating module, and described temperature adjustment module includes the temperature sensor being located on described motor winding.
Optimal way is, described temperature adjustment module includes the comparator and the current limliting saturation value adjustment circuit that are sequentially connected electrically, voltage corresponding to described comparator output temperature departure regulates circuit to described current limliting saturation value, and described current limliting saturation value regulates circuit output current limiting saturation value and regulates the signal of telecommunication.
Optimal way is, described current limliting saturation value regulates circuit and includes First-order Linear Circuit.
Optimal way is, described current regulating module includes current-limiting circuit and electric current PID regulator, and described current-limiting circuit electrically connects with described rotational speed regulation module and described temperature adjustment module simultaneously, and described electric current PID regulator electrically connects with described power conversion modules；Described current regulating module also includes the current sensor electrically connected with described microprocessor.
Optimal way is, described rotational speed regulation module includes the speed probe and the rotating speed PID regulator that electrically connect respectively with described microprocessor, and described rotating speed PID regulator electrically connects with described current regulating module.
Optimal way is, described power conversion modules includes PWM synchronous governor, and described PWM synchronous governor electrically connects with described current regulating module.
Optimal way is, also includes the buzzer electrically connected with described microprocessor.
Optimal way is, also includes the display lamp electrically connected with described microprocessor.
After adopting technique scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: owing to controller for electric vehicle of the present utility model includes microprocessor, drive circuit, power conversion modules, rotational speed regulation module, current regulating module and temperature adjustment module, wherein power conversion modules electrically connects with motor.Controller for electric vehicle of the present utility model be motor rotating speed current double closed-loop control basis on, introduce motor winding temperature as Temperature Feedback amount.Temperature adjustment module compares by motor real time temperature and given maximum temperature permissible value, when temperature is more than given maximum temperature permissible value, signal is regulated to current regulating module output current limiting saturation value, current regulating module root speed feedback and Temperature Feedback is made to regulate the saturation of cut-off current, so that power conversion circuit regulates the peak power output of motor, reduce the purpose of motor winding running temperature.Therefore controller for electric vehicle of the present utility model, can carry out overheat protector to motor, so that motor is under complicated operating condition, without overheating fault occurs.
In sum; compared with controller for electric vehicle of the present utility model is mid-with prior art; solve the overheat protector mode directly closing motor; the impact of a static limit value it is set by the peak power output of motor; still can there is the technical problem of overheating fault, and controller for electric vehicle of the present utility model, possess motor overheat protector function; even if electric motor car runs under complicated operating mode, motor is without overheating fault occurs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of this utility model controller for electric vehicle；
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of the controller for electric vehicle in embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of the motor excess temperature protection method of this utility model controller for electric vehicle；
In figure: 1 current limliting saturation value regulates circuit, 2 buzzers, 3 display lamps.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, this utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain this utility model, be not used to limit this utility model.
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of controller for electric vehicle includes the microprocessor, drive circuit and the power conversion modules that are sequentially connected electrically, power conversion modules electrically connects with motor, also includes the display lamp 3 and the buzzer 2 that electrically connect respectively with microprocessor.Motor electrically connects with electrokinetic cell, and electrokinetic cell adopts 48V lead-acid accumulator to provide DC voltage to motor；DC DC circuit be that 3.3V and 5V voltage is powered to microprocessor and the electrical equipment such as each sensor, buzzer 2 by 48V voltage transformation.
As in figure 2 it is shown, controller for electric vehicle also includes:
For inputting the control module that vehicle runs, control handle control circuit that module includes electrically connect respectively, brake control circuit, cruise control circuit, control circuit of moveing backward with microprocessor.
For controlling the double-closed-loop control module that motor runs, double-closed-loop control module includes rotational speed regulation module and current regulating module, and electric current corresponding to rotational speed regulation module output speed negative feedback regulates the signal of telecommunication to current regulating module.Current regulating module electrically connects with power conversion modules.
Controller for electric vehicle of the present utility model also includes the temperature adjustment module electrically connected with microprocessor, current limliting saturation value corresponding to temperature adjustment module output temperature negative feedback regulates the signal of telecommunication to current regulating module, and temperature adjustment module includes the temperature sensor being located on motor winding.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the current regulating module of the present embodiment includes current-limiting circuit and electric current PID regulator, current-limiting circuit i.e. the current limliting saturation element in Fig. 3.Current-limiting circuit electrically connects with rotational speed regulation module and temperature adjustment module simultaneously, and electric current PID regulator electrically connects with power conversion modules；Current regulating module also includes the current sensor electrically connected with microprocessor.
Rotational speed regulation module includes the speed probe and the rotating speed PID regulator that electrically connect respectively with microprocessor, and rotating speed PID regulator electrically connects with described current regulating module.
Power conversion modules includes PWM synchronous governor, and PWM synchronous governor electrically connects with current regulating module.
Temperature adjustment module includes the comparator and the current limliting saturation value adjustment circuit 1 that are sequentially connected electrically, voltage corresponding to comparator output temperature departure regulates circuit 1 to current limliting saturation value, current limliting saturation value regulates circuit 1 output current limiting saturation value and regulates the signal of telecommunication, current limliting saturation value regulates circuit 1 and includes First-order Linear Circuit, and First-order Linear Circuit includes RC charging circuit and proportional component.Because selecting First-order Linear Circuit to make current limliting intensity value be adjusted to gradual change type, and not mutated formula adjustment, for motor vibrating, electric motor car travels noise, motor operating current, significant.
The microprocessor of the present embodiment adopts model to be STM32F103 single-chip microcomputer, and handle control circuit, brake lever control circuit, cruise control circuit are connected with the GPIO mouth of microprocessor respectively with reversing control circuit.Drive circuit adopts three-phase six step working method, is connected with the GPIO mouth of microprocessor.
Power conversion modules adopts three phase full bridge circuit, the MOSFET power device that power device selects model to be STP80NF70.The output of power conversion modules three-phase is connected with corresponding motor inlet wire respectively.
Motor selects rated power to be the brshless DC motor of 650W, includes Hall element.Hall element is connected with the GPIO mouth of microprocessor, as speed probe for detecting rotor-position and calculating commutation and the rotating speed of motor.
The current sensor of current regulating module selects model to be the Hall current sensor of CSM015NPT5, is also connected with the GPIO mouth of microprocessor, is installed on the bus of motor, is used for measuring motor DC side bus output current phase.
Micro temperature sensor is selected in the temperature sensor of temperature adjustment module, and model is the critesistor of MF52, is connected with the GPIO mouth of microprocessor.Thermistor probe is affixed on the gap of motor winding, for measuring the running temperature of motor winding in real time.
The buzzer 2 of model 12095 selected by buzzer 2, is connected with the GPIO mouth of microprocessor, is used for sending motor overtemperature warning sound；The light emitting diode that alarm lamp 3 selects diameter to be 5mm, is connected with the GPIO mouth of microprocessor, for sending the warning light of motor overtemperature.
The motor excess temperature protection method of controller for electric vehicle of the present utility model is, the rotational speed regulation module speed feedback according to motor, and output electric current regulates the signal of telecommunication to current regulating module；The temperature adjustment module temperature negative feedback according to motor, output current limiting saturation value regulates the signal of telecommunication to current regulating module；Current regulating module, according to the signal of telecommunication received, regulates current limliting saturation value, and exports corresponding current signal to power conversion modules, and power conversion modules regulates the peak power output of motor, reaches to control motor temperature purpose.
As it is shown on figure 3, motor excess temperature protection method is the introduction of three feedback quantities, it is speed feedback, Current Negative Three-Point Capacitance and temperature negative feedback respectively, to regulate corresponding rotating speed, electric current and current limliting intensity value.The control loop of the speed feedback composition of motor, for guaranteeing that the rotating speed of motor accurately follows electric vehicle rotary given tach signal.The control loop of the Current Negative Three-Point Capacitance composition of motor, by the output of rotating speed PID regulator after current limliting saturation element, as the input of electric current PID regulator, controls PWM synchronous governor, thus improving the dynamic property of vehicle-mounted motor.The temperature negative feedback of motor winding, with the input collectively as comparator of the given maximum allowable temperature, the output action of comparator is in a first-order linear link being made up of RC charging circuit, the voltage output action of first-order linear link is in proportional component, and proportional component output is for regulating the saturation of current limliting saturation element.RC charging circuit includes resistance and the electric capacity of concatenation, and the two ends of resistance are connected with comparator and proportional component respectively, the other end ground connection of electric capacity.When the temperature of motor is more than given maximum temperature permissible value, comparator output represents the voltage signal of temperature deviation amount, electric capacity in first-order linear link is charged by this voltage signal, electric capacity output signal is after proportional component, subtract each other with primary current intensity value, reduce the saturation of current limliting saturation element.The PWM synchronous governor output duty cycle according to lowered current limliting desaturation control signal, thus reducing motor peak power output, reducing motor winding running temperature, improving running reliability of motor.
With should the temperature of motor be not more than given maximum temperature permissible value time, the signal of telecommunication that temperature adjustment module output current limiting saturation value rise is corresponding gives described current regulating module, and power conversion modules raises the peak power output of motor, it is ensured that motor properly functioning.
All PID controller, are also called PID regulator, are correcting units conventional in Industry Control.Its simple in construction, technology maturation, the mathematical models of controlled device is less demanding, and regulating parameter can according to field adjustable or empirically determined.
The above preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit this utility model; all make within spirit of the present utility model and principle any amendment, etc. the improvement etc. of same controller for electric vehicle structure, should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. a controller for electric vehicle, including the microprocessor being sequentially connected electrically, drive circuit and power conversion modules, described power conversion modules electrically connects with motor；Also include:
For inputting the control module that vehicle runs, described control module electrically connects with described microprocessor；
For controlling the double-closed-loop control module that motor runs, described double-closed-loop control module includes rotational speed regulation module and current regulating module, and electric current corresponding to described rotational speed regulation module output speed negative feedback regulates the signal of telecommunication to described current regulating module；Described current regulating module electrically connects with described power conversion modules, it is characterized in that, also include the temperature adjustment module electrically connected with described microprocessor, current limliting saturation value corresponding to described temperature adjustment module output temperature negative feedback regulates the signal of telecommunication to described current regulating module, and described temperature adjustment module includes the temperature sensor being located on described motor winding.
2. controller for electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described temperature adjustment module includes the comparator and the current limliting saturation value adjustment circuit that are sequentially connected electrically, voltage corresponding to described comparator output temperature departure regulates circuit to described current limliting saturation value, and described current limliting saturation value regulates circuit output current limiting saturation value and regulates the signal of telecommunication.
3. controller for electric vehicle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described current limliting saturation value regulates circuit and includes First-order Linear Circuit.
4. controller for electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described current regulating module includes current-limiting circuit and electric current PID regulator, described current-limiting circuit electrically connects with described rotational speed regulation module and described temperature adjustment module simultaneously, and described electric current PID regulator electrically connects with described power conversion modules；Described current regulating module also includes the current sensor electrically connected with described microprocessor.
5. controller for electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described rotational speed regulation module includes the speed probe and the rotating speed PID regulator that electrically connect respectively with described microprocessor, and described rotating speed PID regulator electrically connects with described current regulating module.
6. the controller for electric vehicle according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that described power conversion modules includes PWM synchronous governor, and described PWM synchronous governor electrically connects with described current regulating module.
7. controller for electric vehicle according to claim 6, it is characterised in that also include the buzzer electrically connected with described microprocessor.
8. controller for electric vehicle according to claim 6, it is characterised in that also include the display lamp electrically connected with described microprocessor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620191252.1U CN205381157U (en) | 2016-03-11 | 2016-03-11 | Electric vehicle controller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620191252.1U CN205381157U (en) | 2016-03-11 | 2016-03-11 | Electric vehicle controller |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN205381157U true CN205381157U (en) | 2016-07-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620191252.1U Withdrawn - After Issue CN205381157U (en) | 2016-03-11 | 2016-03-11 | Electric vehicle controller |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105553385A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-05-04 | 雷沃重工股份有限公司 | Electric vehicle controller and motor over-temperature protection method thereof |
| CN110311620A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-08 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Power inverter control system, electric motor system and composite system |
| CN111740673A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-02 | 长沙智能驾驶研究院有限公司 | Method and device for controlling output torque of motor, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN113949253A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-18 | 江苏斯菲尔电气股份有限公司 | Temperature dynamic current-limiting protection device |
-
2016
- 2016-03-11 CN CN201620191252.1U patent/CN205381157U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105553385A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-05-04 | 雷沃重工股份有限公司 | Electric vehicle controller and motor over-temperature protection method thereof |
| CN105553385B (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2018-01-16 | 雷沃重工股份有限公司 | A kind of controller for electric vehicle and its motor excess temperature protection method |
| CN110311620A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-08 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Power inverter control system, electric motor system and composite system |
| CN110311620B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2023-05-02 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Power conversion device control system, motor system, and compound system |
| CN111740673A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-02 | 长沙智能驾驶研究院有限公司 | Method and device for controlling output torque of motor, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN113949253A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-18 | 江苏斯菲尔电气股份有限公司 | Temperature dynamic current-limiting protection device |
| CN113949253B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2023-11-07 | 江苏斯菲尔电气股份有限公司 | Temperature dynamic current-limiting protection device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20160713 Effective date of abandoning: 20180116 |