CN204758854U - Optical element , display device who has this kind of optical element and drawing of patterns shell - Google Patents
Optical element , display device who has this kind of optical element and drawing of patterns shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN204758854U CN204758854U CN201520235294.6U CN201520235294U CN204758854U CN 204758854 U CN204758854 U CN 204758854U CN 201520235294 U CN201520235294 U CN 201520235294U CN 204758854 U CN204758854 U CN 204758854U
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 23
- 210000000887 face Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004418 eye rotation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010047571 Visual impairment Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004087 cornea Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000029257 vision disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000004393 visual impairment Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
- G02B5/09—Multifaceted or polygonal mirrors, e.g. polygonal scanning mirrors; Fresnel mirrors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B2027/0192—Supplementary details
- G02B2027/0194—Supplementary details with combiner of laminated type, for optical or mechanical aspects
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Abstract
Introduced is an optical element, has reflection fresnel structure (13), reflection fresnel structure is used for replicateing the light beam that incides in the reflection fresnel structure (13) along incident direction (R1) towards emitting direction (R2), wherein, fresnel structure (13) have a plurality of reflections of arranging side by side faces of replicateing (14), and see towards incident direction (R1), ahead arris (22) of the face of replicateing (14) are connected via shading wall (21) and directness at the heel back arris (23) of replicateing (14) respectively, wherein, at least one shading wall (21) are crooked in the region of back arris (23) in being on a parallel with the planar section plane that is strutted by incident direction (R1) and emitting direction (R2), and/or have at least two and enclose the segmentation (24 that becomes to be less than 180 angle, 25). Display device and drawing of patterns shell that has this kind of optical element has still been introduced.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of optical element, it has the reflecting Fresnel structure for being turned back towards exit direction by the light beam incided along incident direction on fresnel structure, wherein, fresnel structure has multiple reflection be arranged side by side and to turn back face, and see towards incident direction, the front arris in face of turning back is connected via the rear arris of shading wall with directly at the heel face of turning back respectively.In addition, the utility model relates to and a kind ofly has the display device of this optical element and a kind of demoulding shell.
Background technology
There is multiple reflective Fresnel be arranged side by side to turn back face and the structure of the fresnel structure of shading wall that these faces of turning back are coupled together based on this, always there is difficult point again and again in the mill, this is because such as may occur to ftracture and/or be out of shape in the region of connecting portion between shading wall and rear arris in the manufacture method of the demoulding.
Utility model content
Based on this, the purpose of this utility model is, improves the optical element that type is mentioned in beginning as follows, that is: can simply and preferably manufacture.
According to an aspect of the present utility model, optical element has reflecting Fresnel structure, described reflecting Fresnel structure is used for inciding the structural light beam of described reflecting Fresnel along incident direction and turns back towards exit direction, wherein, described fresnel structure has multiple reflection be arranged side by side and to turn back face, and see towards incident direction, the turn back front arris in face of each reflection is connected via the turn back rear arris in face of shading wall and directly at the heel reflection respectively.At least one shading wall is bending in the region of rear arris in the section plane being parallel to the plane strutted by described incident direction and described exit direction, and/or has the segmentation that at least two surround the angle being less than 180 °.
According to another aspect of the present utility model, display device has: can be attached to the holding device on user's head, be fixed on image generating module on described holding device, that produce image, and the image forming optics be fixed on described holding device, described image forming optics has aforementioned optical element, and described image forming optics carries out imaging to produced image be installed in the state on head at described holding device under as follows, described image can be perceived by the user as the virtual image.
According to another aspect of the present utility model, demoulding shell is for the manufacture of the releasing process of the fresnel structure of aforementioned optical element, wherein, described demoulding shell has the structure of to turn back with the reflection playing imaging effect face and the complementation of shading wall, and described structure has at least one forms the depression of the join domain of described shading wall and rear arris end regions for the demoulding.
According to the utility model, described object is mentioned in the optical element of type in beginning and being solved as follows: at least one shading wall is bending in the region of rear arris in the section plane being parallel to the plane strutted by incident direction and exit direction, or has the segmentation that at least two surround the angle being less than 180 °.
By the structure of shading wall, the join domain between shading wall and back edge is constructed so: can avoid sharp-pointed angle.This sharp-pointed angle is difficult to realize just in the manufacture method of the demoulding, because this sharp-pointed angle is the most position, deep in mould.
After this sharp-pointed angle can be avoided, mould can manufacture better, and can prevent undesirable cracking and distortion.
Particularly shading wall can have two, three, four or five (preferably smooth or bending) segmentation.The segmentation be connected respectively surrounds the angle being less than 180 °.
The face of turning back is that partial reflection can partly reflect in other words conj.or perhaps.And the face of turning back can have be 100% or be almost 100% reflectivity.
Shading wall can be printing opacity.
Fresnel structure can be configured to flush type fresnel structure.
Fresnel structure can have the characteristic of imaging.
The connecting portion of shading wall and rear arris particularly can construct roundedly.In addition, the connecting portion of two segmentations of shading wall can construct roundedly.Radius can have the radius being less than or equal to 50 μm.
Such as can be formed by two crust structures according to optical element of the present utility model.
Hypostracum and outer shell particularly can be made up of identical material.
In addition, hypostracum entirely can connect (such as utilize optics sealing bonding or optical adhesive) with outer shell.
Preferably, the side pointed to toward each other of hypostracum and outer shell constructs complimentary to one anotherly.
Particularly side toward each other can bend spherical in shapely.
In addition, outside and/or inner side can bend spherical in shapely.
The reflection face of turning back can flatly or deviously construct respectively.In addition, the face of turning back can adjust bending reflecting surface according to the type of Fresnel is follow-up, this reflecting surface except simple make light and turn back except also there is imaging characteristic.
Fresnel structure can be imbedded in optical element.Fresnel structure particularly can be constructed so: the front of optical element and/or the back side are smooth and coherent faces.
Two segmentations of shading wall can surround the angle of 65 ° to 115 °.
Shading wall particularly can construct like this: the extend portion of the extend portion of shading wall or the first segmentation of shading wall is met at a bit.
In addition, the second segmentation of multiple shading wall can be arranged like this: namely these second segmentations are in a plane.
In addition, provide a kind of optical element had for the reflecting Fresnel structure of being turned back along exit direction by the light beam incided along incident direction on fresnel structure, wherein, fresnel structure has multiple reflection be arranged side by side and to turn back face.
The reflection face of turning back can be a part for non-spherical respectively.Aspherical face particularly can be determined like this: make it be imaged onto on virtual image plane by object plane respectively, and wherein, aspheric is separated by interplanar distance.Thus, the reflection face of turning back is the part in different faces, thus by all faces of turning back with interplanar distance parallel shifted, and continuous print face can not be obtained.
Aspherical face can be a part for the hyperboloid of revolution respectively.The hyperboloid of revolution is particularly determined as follows: make object point and bi-curved two focuses of affiliated virtual image point corresponding rotation.
In addition, the face of turning back can be the segmentation in same bending face, and described bending face is corresponding respective face of turning back parallel shifted only.Thus, by the parallel shifted in all faces of turning back, these faces of turning back can be joined in imaginary bending face.
Optical element particularly can be configured to lens.
In addition, a kind of display device is provided, it has the holding device that can be installed on user's head, the image generating module of the generation image be fixed on holding device, the image forming optics be fixed on holding device, described display device has according to optical element of the present utility model (comprising the improvement project of this optical element), and imaging under the image produced is installed on head as follows at holding device state: image can be perceived by the user as the virtual image.
Image forming optics can have the optical element as unique optical element.But also it is possible that: image forming optics also at least comprises another optical element except described optical element.This another optical element can be such as be arranged in the collimating optic according between optical element of the present utility model and image generating module, thus light beam can be input to according to optical element of the present utility model from image generating module as collimate light beam coupling.
Fresnel structure in optical element can be arranged in coupling input segmentation and/or in coupling output segmentation, wherein, by coupling input segmentation, light beam is input to lens from image generating module coupling, in this lens, light beam is guided to coupling output segmentation, then realize coupling output as follows by coupling output segmentation: user can perceive the virtual image under holding device is installed in the state on user's head.
According in optical element of the present utility model, its front and/or the back side can construct deviously.The back side particularly can have following curvature, and this curvature is selected in the mode can carrying out visual impairment correction.This produces following advantage: the visual impairment desired by the same light beam for coupling output exists is corrected, this is because described light beam is by such coupling output, this light is penetrated from optical element through the back side.
Coupling input segmentation can be configured in the fringe region of optical element (such as lens), and coupling output segmentation can be configured in the central area of optical element (such as lens).
In addition, display device can have control module, this control module operating and controlling image generation module.
Image generating module particularly can have the imager of plane formula, such as LCD module, LcoS module, OLED module or adjustable mirror battle array.Imager can have multiple pixel, and these pixels are such as in rows and columns arranged.Imager can be self luminous or non-self is luminous.
Image generating module can particularly construct as follows: make this image generating module produce monochromatic or colored image.
At least one segmentation of shading wall or shading wall can orientation as follows: make a segmentation of shading wall or shading wall when needing in any case according to being parallel to the line of vision ground orientation of observing the virtual image during image forming optics of the present utility model.In addition, it is possible that: the extend portion of shading wall or at least one segmentation of shading wall intersect at an intersection point.This intersection point can be worked as point dynamic with the eye of eyes of user when needing display device in any case and be overlapped.In addition, it is possible that: intersection point overlaps with the point on virtual object point or outermost virtual object point or outermost virtual object point side.
In addition, a segmentation of shading wall or shading wall can orientation as follows: make a piecewise-parallel of shading wall or shading wall directed in incident direction ground.
According to display device of the present utility model can have other for those skilled in the art known, for the required element of the operation of this display device.
In addition, there is provided a kind of and manufacture the demoulding shell according to the releasing process of the fresnel structure of optical element of the present utility model (comprising its improvement project) for being used for, wherein, demoulding shell has for playing structure complementary for the face of turning back of imaging effect and shading wall, it has the end regions of at least one depression, forms region shading wall and rear arris coupled together for the demoulding.
Preferably, demoulding shell has the end regions of depression for each shading wall, to form region shading wall and rear arris coupled together when the demoulding.
The region of at least one depression has certain minimum stretch specification and does not have sharp-pointed angle in other words.Thus, demoulding shell can easily be manufactured on the one hand.On the other hand, can prevent during fabrication: in releasing process, (such as in injection moulding situation) is ftractureed, ruptures or be out of shape in region shading wall and rear arris coupled together.So, when there is the optical element of hypostracum of band fresnel structure, this hypostracum can be made reliably with desired shape manufacture.Thus, shading wall is convenient to manufactured place structure and can not be hampered the optical effect of the medium and small reflective surface of completed optical element, and described optical element such as can be configured to lens.
Self-evidently, feature that is above-mentioned and that be also described below not only with given Combination application, and with other combinations or can be applied separately, and does not leave scope of the present utility model.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The utility model is elaborated below by the accompanying drawing also disclosing the utility model key feature.Wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates the perspective illustration of the embodiment according to display device of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 illustrates the amplifier section cut-open view of First view eyeglass 3, together with the schematic diagram of image generating module;
Fig. 3 illustrates the amplification view of fresnel structure 14;
Fig. 4 illustrates the cut-open view of demoulding pattern 26 together with hypostracum 20, for explaining the fabrication scheme of fresnel structure;
Fig. 5 illustrates the cut-open view of the hypostracum with fresnel structure;
Fig. 6 illustrates the phantom view of another embodiment according to lens of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 illustrates the phantom view of the another embodiment according to lens of the present utility model;
Fig. 8 illustrates the phantom view of the another embodiment according to lens of the present utility model;
Fig. 9 illustrates the phantom view of the another embodiment according to lens of the present utility model;
Figure 10 illustrates the phantom view of the another embodiment according to lens of the present utility model.
Embodiment
In embodiment shown in Figure 1, comprise the holding device 2 that can be attached on user's head according to display device 1 of the present utility model, this holding device such as can the type in traditional mirror holder construct; And the first and second lenses 3,4 be fixed on holding device 2.Holding device 2 with lens 3,4 such as can be configured to Sports spectacles, sunglasses and/or the glasses for defect of correcting defects of vision, wherein, user by being at least the visual field that the virtual image can be reflected into oneself by First view eyeglass 3, as below introduce.
For this reason, display device 1 comprises image generating module 5, and this image generating module can be arranged in the region of right side picture frame of holding device 2, as schematically illustrated in FIG.Image generating module 5 can have the image-producing elements 6 (Fig. 2) of plane formula, such as OLED chip, CMOS chip or LcoS chip or adjustable mirror battle array, with such as embarking on journey in a large number and the pixel of layout in column.
Lens 3 and 4 and particularly First view eyeglass 3 only exemplarily with according to display device 1 of the present utility model are together introduced.Lens 3,4 or be at least that First view eyeglass 3 self is configured to according to lens 3,4 of the present utility model respectively or is configured to according to optical element of the present utility model.Also can associate at other according to optical element of the present utility model that meaning is upper is used as display device 1 presented here.Therefore, optical element, when it is configured to lens, also can be configured to Second Sight eyeglass 4 naturally.
As best by the amplification in Fig. 2 schematical sections cut-open view visibly, display device 1 has image forming optics 7, and this image forming optics comprises and is arranged in image generating module 6 or the optical element between imager 6 and First view eyeglass 38.In addition, First view eyeglass 3 self is also configured to a part for image forming optics 7.
Light beam 9 can send from each pixel of imager 6.By carrying out corresponding manipulation by control module 10 (it can be a part for image generating module 5) to the pixel of imager 6, desired image can be produced.Represent the light path that light is drawn on light beam 9 ground in fig. 2, thus alternatively become light 9 later.
The light 9 sent from imager 6 passes optical element 8 and enters First view eyeglass 3 through overcoupling input segmentation 11 (being the front of First view eyeglass 3) here, and guides to coupling output segmentation 13 along photoconductive channel 12 in this First view eyeglass.Coupling output segmentation 13 has multiple reflection be arranged side by side and to turn back face 14 (it also can be called as little reflecting surface), on these little reflectings surface, light 9 reflects towards the direction at the back side 15 of First view eyeglass 3, thus light 9 penetrates from First view eyeglass 3 via the back side 15.
Thus, user, when it will be worn on the head according to display device 1 of the present utility model in a certain way, when it is seen to coupling output segmentation 13, can perceive the image as the virtual image produced by imager 6.In the embodiment here introduced, the line of vision G that user must hope out about straight line goes out about 20 °-40 ° ground viewings towards right avertence.In fig. 2, illustrate in order to clear, and the eye of the run-on point 16 and image forming optics 7 of drawing eyes of user moves region 17 or emergent pupil 17.The dynamic region 17 of eye be provided by display device 1 and the region that can move wherein of eyes of user, and user also can see the image produced as the virtual image all the time.
Although in introduced embodiment, coupling input via First view eyeglass 3 front perform and and then coupling input segmentation 11 be configured on the front of First view eyeglass 3, but it is also possible that coupling input carry out via the back side 15 of First view eyeglass.
As shown in schematic diagram in fig. 2, the back side 15 of First view eyeglass 3 also has front 18 to construct deviously.
First view eyeglass 3 constructs with also dividing two shells, and comprises outer shell 19 and hypostracum 20.
The side pointed to each other of outer shell 19 and hypostracum 20 has complementary curvature, thus these two sides can entirely be interconnected, as shown in Figure 2.
Photoconductive channel 12 is constructed so: thus light 9 is carried out from coupling input segmentation 11 in a desired manner to the guiding of coupling output segmentation 13.This can realize on front 18 and the back side 15 as by the total reflection of inside.Can certainly, front 18 and/or the back side 15 are configured with reflectance coating, and this reflecting coating achieves the reflection desired by light 9.The reflectivity of reflectance coating such as can select (about 100%) or slightly little as wide as possible.Thus, reflectance coating can be configured to specular layer or be configured to partially reflecting layer (such as reflectivity is 50% and 70%).
The enlarged icon of the cut-open view according to Fig. 2 shown in Figure 3, wherein, fresnel structure 13 comprises little reflective surface or reflective face 14 of turning back, this little reflective surface or the reflective face of turning back are arranged side by side and will get to this little reflective surface along incident direction R1 or reflective light beam 9 of turning back on face reflects as follows: light beam is reflexed on the back side 15 of First view eyeglass 3 along exit direction R2, and and then via the back side 15 coupling output.
Two adjacent little reflective surfaces 14 are interconnected respectively by shading wall 21.Thus, shading wall 21 seeing little reflective surface 14 front arris 22 along incident direction R1 and being directly connected at the rear arris 23 of the little reflective surface 14 of rear layout.
The shape of shading wall 21 in map sheet plane (this map sheet plane is parallel to the plane strutted by incident direction R1 and exit direction R2) is selected as follows according to the utility model: make it possible to simple manufacture.For this reason, the shape in rear arris 23 region is particularly selected like this: make in this region, there is not the end of sharp-pointed ending, but described region has certain stretching, extension specification as far as possible in y-direction.In figure 3, to this with Reference numeral 21
1, 21
2with 21
3three of the structural scheme of shading wall different possible variant are shown.
The shading wall 21 of the first type
1have from linearly extended first segmentation 24 of front arris 22 and the second segmentation 25 be attached thereto.Deviously or rounding ground structure, thus there is certain stretching, extension specification in y-direction in the region of rear arris 23 in the second segmentation 25.Shading wall 21
1the first straight segments 24 ground can certainly be substituted there is the first bending segmentation 24, thus there is bending shading wall 21 generally
1.
In the second modification 21
2in, linearly extended second segmentation 25 that shading wall has rectilinear first segmentation 24 and is attached thereto.Second segmentation 25 extends along imaginary interphase S3 (all rear arris 23 of little reflective surface 14 is present in wherein).Thus, the second segmentation also need not perpendicular to line of vision or the first segmentation.According to the design proposal of glasses, each second segmentation can be tilted with the degree of tilt (so-called lens tilt angle and cornerite) of lens relative to main line of vision accordingly relative to line of vision.5 ° are greater than for pitch angle typical between the second segmentation and line of vision.
At shading wall 21
3the 3rd modification in, the angle between the first and second straight segments 24,25 is greater than shading wall 21
2in situation, thus the second segmentation 25 not here to be in the S3 of interface but to surround angle with this interface.
Typical angles between first and second straight segments 24 and 25 is in the scope of 65 ° to 115 °.
In the diagram, demoulding pattern (Abformschablone) 26 is shown, fresnel structure 13 can be formed in hypostracum 20 by means of this demoulding pattern.Corresponding that formed together with demoulding shell 26, on the upside 27 of hypostracum 20 structure is shown in Figure 4.By shading wall 21
1to 21
3the structure of introduction, realize following advantage: that make to make depression in demoulding pattern 26, form the region be connected with rear arris 23 by shading wall 21 for the demoulding end regions 28 has stretching, extension specification certain in y-direction and do not have sharp-pointed angle in other words.Thus, demoulding pattern 26 can be made more easily to manufacture on the one hand.On the other hand, can prevent during fabrication: at hypostracum 20 place, ftracture, rupture or be out of shape in the region that shading wall 21 is connected with rear arris 23.Thus, shading wall 21 is convenient to manufactured place structure and in finished glasses sheet, is not disturbed the optical effect of little reflective surface 14, because these shading walls are blocked by little reflective surface 14 and do not have light beam 9 to reach thus, as shown in Figure 3.
In order to manufacture the related hypostracum having little reflective surface 14, then must only in releasing process (such as injection moulding) apply demoulding mould shell 26, the structure (Fig. 4) being used in fresnel structure 13 is formed in hypostracum 20.Afterwards, the wall for little reflective surface 14 is furnished with reflecting coating 29, as shown in Figure 5.In outer shell 19, in the region of fresnel structure, form complementary structure, and outer shell 19 and hypostracum 20 assemble the First view eyeglass 3 formed according to Fig. 2 afterwards.At this, two shells 19,20 such as can bonding or gummed mutually.
In addition, demoulding pattern 26 (or mould 26) shown in Figure 4 can more easily manufacture, because be generally restricted in shape at it for the manufacture of the machining tool of this demoulding pattern 26, and more easily can manufacture described demoulding pattern based on stretching, extension specification larger in y-direction in end regions 28.
In a not shown embodiment, outer shell 19 can be cancelled, thus hypostracum 20 is only set.In this case, the formation front, side 18 deviating from the back side 15 sensing of hypostracum 20.In this embodiment, the depressed part formed by little reflecting surface 14, by packing material as follows, makes to form smooth coherent front 18.
Shading wall 21
1to 21
3certainly need not be present in according in lens of the present utility model simultaneously.Preferably, in a lens 3, always there is identical shading wall 21.So lens 3 such as can only have shading wall 21
1, only there is shading wall 21
2or only have 21
3.But it is also possible that be provided with the shading wall 21 of at least two types.In each embodiment, each shading wall 21
1to 21
3in fresnel structure 13 inside to each other or relative to Fresnel face 14 or relative to glasses unilateral 15 or 18 angle pin can be different for each shading wall in fresnel structure 13.
In embodiment in figure 6, shading wall 21 can construct like this: the second segmentation 25 is extended along interface S3.First segmentation 24 such orientation all the time of shading wall 21: make the imaginary extend portion of the second segmentation 25 crossing with eye rotation point 16.Alternatively: all imaginary extend portion of the first segmentation 24 meets at an intersection point.This intersection point, when utilizing the First view eyeglass 3 in display device 1 according to a stable condition, preferably overlaps with the eye rotation point of eyes of user.
According to the eyeglass design scheme for certain mirror eye distance, obtain other orientations of shading wall.Typically, cornea and light with eye center rear the point of intersection between mirror eye distance be such as 15mm, eye rotation point such as at eye center place, such as, is in rear, cornea top and is about 12.5mm place.Be the situation of 4mm for lens thickness, then the intersection point that thereby is achieved shading wall 21 is approximately the spacing of 27.5mm apart from the back side 15 of lens 3.The intersection point of shading wall 21 is preferably between 20mm and 40mm along during the use of set line of vision and lens 3 towards the spacing at the back side 15 of eyes, is particularly preferably in the scope of 25mm to 30mm.
For the field angle being such as 15 °, the angle of the pitch angle of the shading sidewall 21 between the outermost shading wall of fresnel structure inside deviation such as 15 ° each other.Shading wall 21 particularly has different pitch angle.Shading wall is particularly also not orthogonal to lens surface 15 or 18 thus or is also not orthogonal to Fresnel face 14.
In embodiment in the figure 7, shading wall 21 only has the first straight segments 24.But it is possible that: this first straight segments has certain rounding degree respectively in the region of rear arris 23, so that the better manufacturability desired by realizing.First segmentation 24 is by such orientation: make the imaginary extend portion of the first segmentation 24 meet on an intersection point, the corresponding object point of this intersection point or virtual object point.At this, outermost virtual object point 30 can be related to.This virtual object point is corresponding virtual object point in the plane by some F1 such as, the mid point of the corresponding ken of this virtual object point or image-producing elements 6.Guarantee with this orientation hiding wall 21: the light beam of the input that is coupled from Fresnel face 14 is turned back to coupling output direction R2 and not losing.According in the embodiment of Fig. 7, the pitch angle hiding wall 21 also can also be selected more suddenly, thus makes the point of intersection of imaginary extension beyond the virtual image ken, such as, deflect away from least 1 °.
When the sectional width of reflect data (Dateneinspiegelung) is such as 3m, the spacing that the sectional width of the virtual image the determines distance First view eyeglass back side 15 according to the design embodiment of lens 3 separates 1m to 3m is settled.The pitch angle of shading wall 21 is 15 ° and eye to move region is 8mm maximum 0.7 ° of deviation each other at image field.Shading wall 21 particularly and be not orthogonal to Fresnel face 14 and put.In typical design, the angle between Fresnel face 14 and the marginal ray of the virtual object point on corresponding outermost image border is 119 °.Angle between Fresnel face 14 and shading wall 21 (also can be called as middle wall) is then between 90 ° to 119 ° in the ideal case, is preferably between 105 ° and 118.5 °, and is particularly preferably between 115 ° and 118 °.
In embodiment in fig. 8, shading wall 21 is parallel or be approximately parallel to the light beam 9 of incident direction R1 or introducing, and the interference acting on middle wall 21 thus has influence on light beam as small as possible.This particularly has advantage in following design proposal, and this design proposal to be repeatedly coupled the principle of input based on utilizing the Fresnel face 14 that partially transparent applies.Can not again be separated on adjacent Fresnel face 14 by the light of first Fresnel face 14 transmission with the coating of partially transparent, but reflected there by adjacent Fresnel face or the interface 3 (being here front 18) that reaches lens 14 in side direction through this adjacent Fresnel face, the back side 15 is reached by the Fresnel face 14 of partially transparent, again reflected there, and reach another Fresnel face 14, carry out second time coupling output 31 by this another Fresnel face.
In introduced embodiment, advantageously: the material of hypostracum 20 and outer shell 19 is identical.Also can apply different materials, thus there is different refractive indexes.When applying different materials, preferably, the refractive index difference between bi-material is less than 0.001.This makes when transmitted through glasses sheet 3 is had an X-rayed, for user, occur obviously interference hardly.
In the embodiment here introduced, starting point is, Fresnel face 14 is bending faces.But Fresnel face 14 also can flatly construct.
Each turn back reflecting surface or each Fresnel face can be parts for non-spherical, and this aspherical face is designed to the imaging of imager 5 or the intermediate image of imager 5 is imaged as empty intermediate image.The intermediate image of imager 5 or imager 5 forms the plane of delineation for aspherical face.The aspherical face in each Fresnel face can particularly be determined as follows: the plane of delineation is imaged onto in virtual images plane by these aspherical faces respectively, and wherein, the aspherical face of different minute surfaces of turning back keeps interval by interplanar distance.Reflection face of turning back is a part for not coplanar thus, thus by by all interplanar distances described in the parallel shifted of face of turning back, can not obtain continuous print face.
The mathematical expression simplified this is point-to-point imaging.When this point is imaged onto in empty intermediate image, for being realized by the hyperboloid of revolution the desirable face of two points successively imaging, wherein, object point and bi-curved two focal point F 1 of virtual image point corresponding rotation and F2, as shown in illustrate in fig .9.
For this two focal point F 1 and F2, there is infinite multiple hyperboloid of revolution, these hyperboloids of revolution to described two points overlap each other ground imaging.Fresnel structure 13 is such as obtained by recursive structure rule.Such as choose the first hyperboloid H1, and determine Fresnel face by two light L1 and L2.The hyperbolic curve (also representing with H1) obtained by the first hyperboloid H1 and map sheet Plane intersects shown in Figure 9.Second light L2 is crossing with hyperbolic curve H1 with on the plotted point in the front 18 of First view eyeglass at hyperbolic curve L1.Light L1 is crossing with hyperbolic curve H1 in the degree of depth preset apart from the front 18 of First view eyeglass 3.The degree of depth preset can be such as 0.7mm.Thus, in sectional view, determine the first Fresnel face 14.Described formation rule here can continue to continue to use for each section of First view eyeglass.Arris for Fresnel face 14 obtains the curve and with such as concentricity relative to front 18 but separate the curve that crosses of the face S1 of 0.7mm spacing of crossing in the first hyperboloid H1 and front 18.Thus, on the direction of the face normal in the front 18 towards First view eyeglass, obtain the interplanar distance that hyperbolic curve H1 and H2 is 0.7mm.
Next Fresnel face 14 here can be realized by the light L3 adjacent with light L2, for light L3, achieves the light deflection by the second hyperbolic curve H2 on the certain depth of such as 0.7mm.This point is on section S1.The outer border land that light L4 on the intersection point in hyperboloid H2 and front 18 is similar to Fresnel face 14 is determined.Fresnel face 14 illustrates the centre plane vector N of local respectively.
Light that guide in First view eyeglass 3, imager 5 is reflected at Fresnel face 14 place and is transfused to eyes of user.On the reverse extending line of light, there is virtual object in focal point F 1, the empty intermediate image of the corresponding imager 5 of this virtual object.
The following aspherical face of usual acquisition, to turn back face for limited thing field being imaged onto the reflection had in the virtual image plane of finite size, and wherein, the example that the recurrence Construction Regularia in each face of turning back is similar to the hyperboloid of revolution realizes like that.
Fresnel face 14 can certainly to be imbedded in lens 3 and to be limited, as schematically illustrated in Fig. 10 by two section S2 and S3.The rear arris 23 in Fresnel face 14 can be in each in the shade in the Fresnel face 14 of front layout.
Fresnel face 14 also can be determined according to following mode, and the face (particularly free shape face) that this Fresnel face bends by linking up is formed.These faces amount that respectively parallel passing is certain, and the corresponding segment in Fresnel face 14 by such as between front 18 with face S1 between (mode according to Fig. 9) or section S2 and S3 the respective face intercept in the face of (mode according to Figure 10) parallel passing obtain.
When utilizing according to display device of the present utility model, user can the perception virtual image under superposing with environment.Surround lighting can enter eyes by the space in Fresnel face 14 or also itself enter eyes by Fresnel face 14 for the situation in the Fresnel face of part reflection.In addition, the size of the virtual image can be selected so little: for user, only a part for its visual field is furnished with the virtual image.User can also perceive the environment around the virtual image thus.
According in display device 1 of the present utility model, the virtual image reflexes in visual field via First view eyeglass 3.Can certainly reflect via Second Sight eyeglass 4.In addition, display device 1 can construct like this, and information or the virtual image are reflected via two lenses 3,4.At this, reflection can be carried out like this: produce 3-D view sensation.But this not necessarily.
Lens 3,4 can have zero refractive index or non-vanishing refractive index (especially for correct defects of vision defect time).As shown in the figure, the front 11 of lens 3 also has the back side 12 to construct deviously.Front 11 particularly can bend spherical in shapely.When lens has non-vanishing refractive index, in order to defect of correcting defects of vision, the curvature at the general back side 15 is selected by the corresponding, to realize corresponding rectification.It is not spherical curvature that the back side 15 can have.
Holding device 2 need not be configured to the holding device of glasses type.Also can be the holding device of various other types, by display device installing or can be worn on user's head by means of it.
Claims (19)
1. an optical element, there is reflecting Fresnel structure (13), described reflecting Fresnel structure be used for by along incident direction (R1) light beam incided on described reflecting Fresnel structure (13) turn back towards exit direction (R2), wherein, described fresnel structure (13) has multiple reflection be arranged side by side and to turn back face (14), and see towards incident direction (R1), the turn back front arris (22) in face (14) of each reflection is connected via the turn back rear arris (23) in face (14) of shading wall (21) and directly at the heel reflection respectively, it is characterized in that, at least one shading wall (21) is bending in the region of rear arris (23) in the section plane being parallel to the plane strutted by described incident direction (R1) and described exit direction (R2), and/or there is the segmentation that at least two surround the angle being less than 180 °.
2. optical element according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described reflection face (14) of turning back is partial reflection.
3. optical element according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described shading wall (21) is printing opacity.
4. optical element according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fresnel structure (13) is configured to the fresnel structure (13) of flush type.
5. optical element according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fresnel structure (13) has the characteristic of imaging.
6. optical element according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described shading wall (21) constructs with the connecting portion of described rear arris (23) roundedly.
7. optical element according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the connecting portion of two described segmentations of described shading wall (21) constructs roundedly.
8. optical element according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described radius has the radius being less than or equal to 50 μm.
9. optical element according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described radius has the radius being less than or equal to 50 μm.
10. optical element according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at least two described segmentations flatly construct.
11. optical elements according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at least two described segmentations construct deviously.
12. optical elements according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at least two described segmentations surround the angle of 65 ° to 115 °.
13. optical elements according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the extend portion of the first segmentation in the extend portion of multiple described shading wall (21) or the described segmentation of multiple described shading wall (21) intersects on a point.
14. optical elements according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the second segmentation in the described segmentation of multiple described shading wall (21) is arranged as follows, makes described second segmentation place in one plane.
15. optical elements according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described reflection face (14) of turning back is the part of non-spherical respectively.
16. optical elements according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described reflection face (14) of turning back is the part in another aspherical face respectively.
17. optical elements according to claim 15 or 16, it is characterized in that, aspherical face is a part for the hyperboloid of revolution respectively.
18. 1 kinds of display device, have:
The holding device (2) on user's head can be attached to,
Be fixed on image generating module (5) on described holding device (2), that produce image, and
Be fixed on the image forming optics on described holding device (2), described image forming optics has the optical element (3,4) according to any one of claim 1-17, and described image forming optics carries out imaging to produced image be installed in the state on head at described holding device (2) under as follows, makes described image can be perceived by the user as the virtual image.
19. 1 kinds of demoulding shells, for the manufacture of the releasing process of the fresnel structure of optical element according to claim 1 (1), wherein, described demoulding shell (26) has to turn back with the reflection playing imaging effect face (14) and the complementary structure of shading wall (21), and described structure has at least one forms described shading wall (21) and the depression of the join domain of rear arris (23) end regions (28) for the demoulding.
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| DE102014207492.4A DE102014207492B4 (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2014-04-17 | display device |
| DE102014207492.4 | 2014-04-17 |
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| CN204758854U true CN204758854U (en) | 2015-11-11 |
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| CN201520235294.6U Active CN204758854U (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2015-04-17 | Optical element , display device who has this kind of optical element and drawing of patterns shell |
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| DE102014207492B4 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
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