A kind of lithium electricity type solar street light is to lithium battery safe charging protective circuit
Technical field
The utility model relates to lithium battery solar street lamp, and particularly a kind of lithium electricity type solar street light is to lithium battery safe charging protective circuit.
Background technology
Solar street light by lead-acid battery accumulation energy type progressively to the accumulation energy type transition of lithium electricity.Lithium battery must manage battery in application process; particularly when solar recharging; platform voltage during general selection lithium cell charging is as the reference voltage of charging; like this; in actual charging process; the floating voltage of photovoltaic module is higher than more than 20% of lithium battery maximum voltage, if shielding failure and can not turning off charges to the continuation of lithium battery, then lithium battery is inevitable on fire because of overcharging.The guard method of the lithium electricity type solar street light on market continues to use electric bicycle to li-ion cell protection method more, but solar street light is different from the condition of electric bicycle to li-ion cell protection, the power supply adaptor that electric bicycle uses is to lithium cell charging, charging voltage is limited, its fail safe has certain guarantee, and solar street light is to the charging of lithium battery, usually photovoltaic module voltage is adopted directly to charge in order to reduce loss, but when lithium battery is full of, due to the characteristic of photovoltaic module, photovoltaic module can close to zero load, and the floating voltage of photovoltaic module is higher than more than 20% of lithium battery maximum voltage, so high voltage is added in for a long time on lithium battery and the reduction of lithium battery performance can be caused even to damage.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of lithium electricity type solar street light to lithium battery safe charging protective circuit; far above the situation of the maximum voltage of lithium battery group and fail safe for the voltage of photovoltaic module; the circuit of a kind of lithium battery proposed and method; circuit uses duplicate protection, the guard method of additional Thermal Cutoffs.Circuit can not trigger fuse when charging normal, once first shielding failure, namely second protection triggers, thus fuse wire, discharge and recharge Permanent interruption.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution of the utility model is:
A kind of lithium electricity type solar street light is to lithium battery safe charging protective circuit, comprise lithium battery group and photo-voltaic power supply, a charge circuit is had between photo-voltaic power supply and lithium battery group, charge protector is provided with in charge circuit, wherein, described charge circuit is serially connected with the first electronics charge switch and a temperature temperature-sensitive fuse between battery pack and photo-voltaic power supply, and fuse is provided with a resistive heater element, first class of protection circuit and safe secondary protection circuit is respectively arranged with in described charge protector, first class of protection circuit is used for the charging one-level overvoltage protection to lithium battery, described safe secondary protection circuit is used for the secondary overvoltage protection to lithium cell charging, the output of first class of protection circuit connects the first electronics charge switch, control the Push And Release of the first electronics charge switch, the output of safe secondary protection circuit connects a current amplification circuit, the output of current amplification circuit connects described resistive heater element one end, the resistive heater element other end is connected between lithium battery group electrode and temperature temperature-sensitive fuse.
A kind of lithium electricity type solar street light is to lithium battery safe charging protective circuit, comprise lithium battery group and photo-voltaic power supply, a charge circuit is had between photo-voltaic power supply and lithium battery group, charge protector is provided with in charge circuit, wherein, described charge circuit is serially connected with the first electronics charge switch, the second electronics charge switch and a temperature temperature-sensitive fuse between battery pack and photo-voltaic power supply, and fuse is provided with a resistive heater element, first class of protection circuit and safe secondary protection circuit is respectively arranged with in described charge protector, first class of protection circuit is used for the charging one-level overvoltage protection to lithium battery, described safe secondary protection circuit is used for the secondary overvoltage protection to lithium cell charging, the output of first class of protection circuit connects the first electronics charge switch, control the Push And Release of the first electronics charge switch, the output of safe secondary protection circuit connects the second electronics charge switch, control the Push And Release of the second electronics charge switch, described first electronics charge switch and the second electronics charge switch are connected mutually, wherein, described second electronics charge switch and photo-voltaic power supply one end Electrode connection, described first electronics charge switch connects lithium battery group one termination electrode by charge protector, lithium battery group other end electrode connects photo-voltaic power supply other end electrode by described temperature temperature-sensitive fuse, the input two ends of a current amplification circuit are connected across described second electronics charge switch two ends, the output of current amplification circuit connects described resistive heater element one end, the resistive heater element other end is connected between lithium battery group other end electrode and temperature temperature-sensitive fuse.
Scheme is further: described temperature temperature-sensitive fuse is 80 DEG C to 250 DEG C temperature cut-off type fuse, described fusing type fuse is fixed in a dielectric housings, housing two ends are provided with binding post, described resistive heater element is resistance wire, described resistance wire is wrapped in the surface of dielectric housings, and the outside of resistance wire has electric insulation insulation material to cover.
Scheme is further: described first class of protection circuit comprises a microprocessor controller, charging current sample circuit and charging voltage sample circuit, described charging current sample circuit and charging voltage sample circuit are connected in charge circuit, the output signal of charging current sample circuit and charging voltage sample circuit is connected to the signal sampling input circuit end of microprocessor controller respectively, described microprocessor controller is provided with two output control terminals, control end connects the first electronics charge switch control end as the output of first class of protection circuit, another control end connects current amplification circuit as the control end of current amplification circuit.
Scheme is further: described first class of protection circuit and safe secondary protection circuit comprise a microprocessor controller, charging current sample circuit and charging voltage sample circuit, described charging current sample circuit and charging voltage sample circuit are connected in charge circuit, the output signal of charging current sample circuit and charging voltage sample circuit is connected to the signal sampling input circuit end of microprocessor controller respectively, described microprocessor controller is provided with two output control terminals, control end connects the first electronics charge switch control end as the output of first class of protection circuit, another control end connects the second electronics charge switch control end as the output of safe secondary protection circuit.
Scheme is further: the overpressure value of described secondary overvoltage is greater than the overpressure value of one-level overvoltage.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: structure is simple, and connection of the present utility model and protected mode, can realize lithium battery safe charging, prevents from causing lithium battery on fire because of overcharge.Being also advantageous in that of this circuit, under normal circumstances, there will not be the misoperation of Thermal Cutoffs; Only after the first electronics charge switch lost efficacy and was short-circuit failure, simultaneously just may trigger temperatures fuse when photovoltaic charged.When namely two conditions possess simultaneously, the action of fuse ability, this reduces the maintenance cost because the misoperation of fuse produces greatly.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model embodiment 1 circuit basic logic block diagram;
Fig. 2 is the basic logic block diagram of the utility model embodiment 1 with microcontroller circuit;
Fig. 3 is the utility model embodiment 2 circuit basic logic block diagram;
Fig. 4 is the basic logic block diagram of the utility model embodiment 2 with microcontroller circuit.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of lithium electricity type solar street light is to lithium battery safe charging protective circuit embodiment, and as shown in Figure 1, comprise lithium battery group 1 and photo-voltaic power supply 2, lithium battery group is street lamp power supply, road lamp power supply, a charge circuit 3 is had between photo-voltaic power supply and lithium battery group, the cell panel of photo-voltaic power supply is arranged on light pole top, lithium battery group and charge circuit are arranged in a control box, charge protector is provided with in charge circuit, wherein, described charge circuit is serially connected with the first electronics charge switch 301 and a temperature temperature-sensitive fuse 303 between battery pack and photo-voltaic power supply, and fuse is provided with a resistive heater element 304, first class of protection circuit 305 and safe secondary protection circuit 306 is respectively arranged with in described charge protector, first class of protection circuit is used for the charging overcurrent of lithium battery and one-level overvoltage protection, described safe secondary protection circuit is used for the secondary overvoltage protection to lithium cell charging, the output of first class of protection circuit connects the first electronics charge switch, control the Push And Release of the first electronics charge switch, the output of safe secondary protection circuit connects a current amplification circuit 307, the output of current amplification circuit connects described resistive heater element one end, the resistive heater element other end is connected between lithium battery group electrode and temperature temperature-sensitive fuse.
In embodiment: as shown in Figure 2, described first class of protection circuit comprises a microprocessor controller 308(and is certainly not limited only to microcontroller circuit, can also be other discrete circuit and integrated circuit, here be a kind of preferred version), charging current sample circuit 309 and charging voltage sample circuit 310, described charging current sample circuit and charging voltage sample circuit are connected in charge circuit, the output signal of charging current sample circuit and charging voltage sample circuit is connected to the signal sampling input circuit end of microprocessor controller respectively, described microprocessor controller is provided with two output control terminals, control end connects the first electronics charge switch control end as the output of first class of protection circuit, another control end connects current amplification circuit as the control end of current amplification circuit, current amplification circuit is a kind of known circuit, that the input signal mode of High-current output is connected resistive heater element.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of lithium electricity type solar street light is to lithium battery safe charging protective circuit, and as shown in Figure 3: comprise lithium battery group 1 and photo-voltaic power supply 2, lithium battery group is street lamp power supply, road lamp power supply, a charge circuit 3 is had between photo-voltaic power supply and lithium battery group, the cell panel of photo-voltaic power supply is arranged on light pole top, lithium battery group and charge circuit are arranged in a control box, charge protector is provided with in charge circuit, wherein, described charge circuit is serially connected with the first electronics charge switch 301, second electronics charge switch 302 and a temperature temperature-sensitive fuse 303 between battery pack and photo-voltaic power supply, and fuse is provided with a resistive heater element 304, first class of protection circuit 305 and safe secondary protection circuit 306 is respectively arranged with in described charge protector, first class of protection circuit is used for the charging overcurrent of lithium battery and one-level overvoltage protection, described safe secondary protection circuit is used for the secondary overvoltage protection to lithium cell charging, the output of first class of protection circuit connects the first electronics charge switch, control the Push And Release of the first electronics charge switch, the output of safe secondary protection circuit connects the second electronics charge switch, control the Push And Release of the second electronics charge switch, described first electronics charge switch and the second electronics charge switch are connected mutually, wherein, described second electronics charge switch is connected with photo-voltaic power supply one termination electrode (negative pole), described first electronics charge switch connects lithium battery group one termination electrode (negative pole) by charge protector, lithium battery group negative pole connects photo-voltaic power supply other end electrode (positive pole) by described temperature temperature-sensitive fuse, the input two ends of a current amplification circuit 307 are connected across described second electronics charge switch two ends, the output of current amplification circuit connects described resistive heater element one end, the resistive heater element other end is connected between lithium battery group other end electrode (positive pole) and temperature temperature-sensitive fuse.
In embodiment, in charging process, second class protection is taken to lithium battery.First order protection is for GPF (General Protection False, and it comprises overvoltage, cross put, balanced etc.Second level protection is mainly overvoltage protection, and overpressure value is higher than the overpressure value set by first order protection.In embodiment: described temperature temperature-sensitive fuse is 80 DEG C to 250 DEG C temperature cut-off type fuse, the such as combination of terne metal or other alloy of low melting point, can directly purchase from the market, described fusing type fuse is fixed on (such as mica sheet or glass cloth housing) in a dielectric housings, housing two ends are provided with binding post, described resistive heater element is resistance wire, described resistance wire is wrapped in the surface of dielectric housings, and the outside of resistance wire has electric insulation insulation material covering (as glass cloth) to fix with adhering with epoxy resin.When giving resistance wire current drives, can by the initiatively fusing of the fuse in dielectric housings.Second pole protection is once trigger, and it can initiatively fuse wire, thus forever stops charging to lithium battery and then protection lithium battery.
In embodiment: as shown in Figure 4, described first class of protection circuit and safe secondary protection circuit realize in microprocessor controller, therefore first class of protection circuit and safe secondary protection circuit comprise a microprocessor controller 308(and are certainly not limited only to microcontroller circuit, can also be other discrete circuit and integrated circuit, here be a kind of preferred version), charging current sample circuit 309 and charging voltage sample circuit 310, described charging current sample circuit and charging voltage sample circuit are connected in charge circuit, the output signal of charging current sample circuit and charging voltage sample circuit is connected to the signal sampling input circuit end of microprocessor controller respectively, described microprocessor controller is provided with two output control terminals, control end connects the first electronics charge switch control end as the output of first class of protection circuit, another control end connects the second electronics charge switch control end as the output of safe secondary protection circuit.
In embodiment: the overpressure value of described secondary overvoltage is greater than the overpressure value of one-level overvoltage.
Above-described embodiment is when lithium battery voltage exceedes the thresholding set by first order protection, and the first electronics charge switch disconnects, and charging stops.This action can constantly perform under normal circumstances; but now voltage does not reach the threshold voltage of two pole protections; therefore the second electronics charge switch closes always; that is the voltage difference at current amplification circuit input two ends is zero; no current exports; resistive heater element can not heat, and temperature temperature-sensitive fuse can not by heating fusing.
But after voltage exceedes the threshold voltage of first order protection; if the first electronics charge switch lost efficacy, then lithium battery can by continuation charging, and the voltage of lithium battery can continue to rise; until the threshold voltage protected more than the second pole; now, the second electronics charge switch disconnects, and the first electronics charge switch still closes; current amplification circuit input has pressure drop; after amplifying, to resistive generating elements heat, thus make the blown fuse of temperature temperature-sensitive.After the blown fuse of temperature temperature-sensitive, heating circuit disconnects, and charging and discharging circuit also forever disconnects simultaneously, and lithium battery group is protected, and avoids dangerous generation.
In embodiment, 80 DEG C to the effect of 250 DEG C of temperature cut-off type fuse another ones are exactly, and when extraneous short circuit or current anomaly increase, Thermal Cutoffs also can fuse and protective circuit.Temperature cut-off type fuse and heating resistor, also can use the existing active fusing type fuse with this function to replace.
Being also advantageous in that of this circuit, under normal circumstances, there will not be the misoperation of Thermal Cutoffs; Only after the first electronics charge switch lost efficacy and was short-circuit failure, simultaneously just may trigger temperatures fuse when photovoltaic charged.When namely two conditions possess simultaneously, the action of fuse ability, this reduces the maintenance cost because the misoperation of fuse produces greatly.
It is below the safe charging guard method based on lithium cell charging safety protective circuit described in embodiment 1 or 2, in the method, described lithium battery safe charging protective circuit comprises lithium battery group and photo-voltaic power supply, a charge circuit is had between photo-voltaic power supply and lithium battery group, charge protector is provided with in charge circuit, described charge circuit is serially connected with the first electronics charge switch, the second electronics charge switch and a temperature temperature-sensitive fuse between battery pack and photo-voltaic power supply, around or be close to fuse and be provided with a resistive heater element, charge protector also comprises a microprocessor controller and charging voltage sample circuit, the output signal of charging voltage sample circuit is connected to the signal sampling input circuit end of microprocessor controller, described microprocessor controller is provided with two output control terminals, control end connects the first electronics charge switch control end as the output of first class of protection circuit, another control end connects the second electronics charge switch control end as the output of safe secondary protection circuit, described first electronics charge switch and the second electronics charge switch are connected mutually, wherein, described second electronics charge switch and photo-voltaic power supply one end Electrode connection, described first electronics charge switch connects lithium battery group one termination electrode by charge protector, lithium battery group other end electrode connects photo-voltaic power supply other end electrode by described temperature temperature-sensitive fuse, the input two ends of a current amplification circuit are connected across described second electronics charge switch two ends, the output of current amplifier connects described resistive heater element one end, the resistive heater element other end is connected between lithium battery group negative pole and temperature temperature-sensitive fuse, in microprocessor controller, preserve charging voltage threshold value and protection charging voltage threshold value, described safe charging guard method comprises the step of normal charging step and protection lithium cell charging,
Described normal charging step is: realize around the break-make of described first electronics charge switch all the time lithium cell charging process, detailed process is: judge whether the voltage at lithium battery two ends exceeds charging voltage threshold value, if higher than charging voltage threshold value, disconnect described first electronics charge switch, when the voltage at lithium battery two ends is lower than charging voltage threshold value, connect described first electronics charge switch;
The step of described protection lithium cell charging: when the voltage at lithium battery two ends exceeds charging voltage threshold value and the order disconnecting described first electronics charge switch fails to make the first electronics charge switch disconnect; judge whether the voltage at lithium battery two ends exceeds protection charging voltage threshold value; if higher than, disconnect described second electronics charge switch; now current amplification circuit exports a big current to resistive heater element by the blown fuse of described temperature temperature-sensitive, cut-out charge circuit.
In above-described embodiment: described protection charging voltage threshold value exceeds charging voltage threshold value 10% to 20%.
In embodiment: described temperature temperature-sensitive fuse is 80 DEG C to 250 DEG C temperature cut-off type fuse, described fusing type fuse is fixed in a dielectric housings, housing two ends are provided with binding post, described resistive heater element is resistance wire, described resistance wire is wrapped in the surface of dielectric housings, and the outside of resistance wire has electric insulation insulation material to cover.