CN104242253A - Lithium battery protection based on-board PTC (positive temperature coefficient) protection circuit - Google Patents
Lithium battery protection based on-board PTC (positive temperature coefficient) protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN104242253A CN104242253A CN201410519734.0A CN201410519734A CN104242253A CN 104242253 A CN104242253 A CN 104242253A CN 201410519734 A CN201410519734 A CN 201410519734A CN 104242253 A CN104242253 A CN 104242253A
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- ptc
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- switching circuit
- protection
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium battery protection based on-board PTC (positive temperature coefficient) protection circuit which comprises multiple resistor-capacitor units, a PTC overcurrent thermal protector, a control protection chip and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) switching circuit. Two output ends of a load are connected with the first end of the control protection chip and the first end of the MOS switching circuit respectively, the second end of the control protection chip is connected with the second end of the MOS switching circuit, the third end of the control protection chip is connected with the first end of the PTC overcurrent thermal protector, the second end of the PTC overcurrent thermal protector is connected with the first end of a lithium cell, and the third end of the MOS switching circuit is connected with the second end of the lithium cell. After a PTC thermistor is added to the circuit, the PTC thermistor can still provide protection for faults such as overcharge, overcurrent, short circuit and overtemperature even though a primary protection path fails or temperature rises highly, and security problems cannot be caused under the condition that the battery is misused or abused.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium battery protection board circuit, realizing circuit overcurrent temperature protection, particularly relate to a kind of based on PTC protective circuit on lithium battery protection board.
Background technology
Early stage battery adopts fuse or bimetal leaf etc. as the secondary protector when overcurrent, short circuit, overtemperature.But because the faults such as battery overcurrent are temporary often, and do not mean that the permanent damage of battery, the expendable shortcoming of fuse makes the quality assurance cost of battery manufacturers increase; And although bimetal leaf can self-recoverage; but can ceaselessly action/recovery; can cause the wearing and tearing of contact early fatigue and then adhesion thus lose protective effect, bimetal leaf is for the rigors of portable set for battery volume and weight aspect in addition, and volume and weight is all larger.And high molecular PTC has advantage with self-recoverage, low resistance and the feature that do not increase extra volume requirement providing in second protection for battery.Usually be considered to reliable although once protect; but when static discharge voltage is too high or overtemperature time may damage protection IC or MOS-FET; and integrated circuit can vibrate when short circuit; the detection of most IC+MOS-FET circuit to charging, discharge over-current is simultaneously indirectly; can not ensure all can provide overcurrent protection under all working state of battery, the reliability of protection also reduces.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of based on PTC protective circuit on lithium battery protection board to solve the problem.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of based on PTC protective circuit on lithium battery protection board, comprise multiple Resistor-Capacitor Unit, also comprise PTC overcurrent temperature protector, Control protection chip and MOS switching circuit, two outputs of load are connected with the first end of described Control protection chip and the first end of described MOS switching circuit respectively, second end of described Control protection chip is connected with the second end of described MOS switching circuit, 3rd end of described Control protection chip is connected with the first end of described PTC overcurrent temperature protector, second end of described PTC overcurrent temperature protector is connected with the first end of described lithium cell, 3rd end of described MOS switching circuit is connected with the second end of described lithium cell.
Particularly, described MOS switching circuit comprises two overcharge control switch pipes, and two described overcharge control switch pipes connect, and described overcharge control switch pipe inside is provided with diode, and described diode positive direction is identical with the direction of discharge loop.
As preferably, described overcharge control switch pipe is MOSFET pipe.
As preferably, described PTC overcurrent temperature protector is PTC thermistor.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is a kind of based on PTC protective circuit on lithium battery protection board; after increasing PTC in protective circuit; even if once protect road lost efficacy or temperature rise higher time; PTC thermistor still can to overcharging, overcurrent, short circuit, the fault such as overtemperature provide protection; ensure that battery is when being misapplied or abusing; unlikely generation safety issue, and the inventive method is simple, can not be designed person well and grasps and be applied in actual design.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is fundamental diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is a kind of based on PTC protective circuit on lithium battery protection board, comprise multiple Resistor-Capacitor Unit, PTC overcurrent temperature protector, Control protection chip and MOS switching circuit, two outputs of load are connected with the first end of described Control protection chip and the first end of described MOS switching circuit respectively, second end of described Control protection chip is connected with the second end of described MOS switching circuit, 3rd end of described Control protection chip is connected with the first end of described PTC overcurrent temperature protector, second end of described PTC overcurrent temperature protector is connected with the first end of described lithium cell, 3rd end of described MOS switching circuit is connected with the second end of described lithium cell.Described MOS switching circuit comprises two overcharge control switch pipes, and two described overcharge control switch pipes connect, and described overcharge control switch pipe inside is provided with diode, and described diode positive direction is identical with the direction of discharge loop.Described overcharge control switch pipe is MOSFET pipe.Described PTC overcurrent temperature protector is PTC thermistor.
PTC is the abbreviation of Positive temperature coefficient, meaning and positive temperature coefficient resistor, (temperature is higher, resistance is larger), popular, PTC is exactly a semi-conducting material, and the positive temperature coefficient of this semi-conducting material is very large, PTC device adopts macromolecular material polymer, made by strict technique, by polymer resin matrix and be distributed in the inside conducting particles form, under normal circumstances, conducting particles forms conductive path in resin, device shows as Low ESR, when having overcurrent to occur in circuit, the heat that the big current flowing through PTC produces makes polymer resin matrix material tympanites, thus the connection between conducting particles is cut off, thus the overcurrent of circuit is shielded.When after trouble shooting, can initial condition be automatically restored to, ensure that circuit normally works (as shown in Figure 3)
In the middle of practical application; PTC occurs with the identity of thermistor; and lithium battery protection board is exactly the large resistance by wherein device material; thus covert become open circuit; cut off the effect that electric current reaches protection, such one explains, everybody will expect easily; PTC is very important components and parts in lithium battery protection board, and main defencive function is also realized by it.Because also carried above, PTC is a thermistor, so when temperature rises time, its resistance will raise along with the rising of temperature, and when circuit recovers normal, the temperature of PTC also can decline thereupon, and its resistance also can reduce along with the reduction of temperature, and circuit can be resumed work again again.This namely lithium battery protection board carry out a general principle of route protection, exactly because also this feature, so everybody also claims PTC to be recoverability fuse at ordinary times, popular says the fuse that can recycle exactly.PTC is very important part in lithium battery pack thus, and the safety of battery is also support against PTC.When big current is through PTC, temperature can sharply rise, thus resistance also can increase thereupon, protects battery circuit in this way.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:
One section effective (1), baffle over control principle: when battery core is discharged by external load; the voltage of battery core will slowly reduce; HY2113 inside will by R1 resistance Real-Time Monitoring battery core voltage simultaneously; when to HY2113 during about 2.8V, battery core voltage drop will think that battery core voltage has been in overdischarge voltage status; just the output voltage of the 1st pin is disconnected immediately; make the 1st pin voltage become 0V, the switching tube in AO3814 is closed because of the 2nd pin no-voltage.Now be in off-state between the B-of battery core and the P-of baffle.Namely the discharge loop of battery core is cut off, and stopping is discharged by battery core.Baffle is in over-discharge state and keeps always.After connecting charging voltage between P and the P-of baffle by the time, HY2113 detects through B-and just stops over-discharge state immediately after charging voltage, again at the 1st pin output HIGH voltage, make the overdischarge control valve conducting in AO3814, namely the B-of battery core and the P-of baffle connects again, and battery core is directly charged through charger; (2), baffle additives for overcharge protection control principle: when battery is charged normal by charger; along with the increase in charging interval; the voltage of battery core will be more and more higher; when battery core voltage is elevated to 4.28V; HY2113 will think that battery core voltage has been in overcharge voltage state; just disconnect the output voltage of the 4th pin immediately, make the 3rd pin voltage become 0V, the switching tube in AO3814 is closed because of the 4th pin no-voltage.Now be in off-state between the B-of battery core and the P-of baffle.Namely the charge circuit of battery core is cut off, and stopping is charged by battery core.Baffle is in overcharge condition and keeps always.After connecting discharge load between P and the P-of baffle by the time, because now although overcharge control switch pipe is closed, but the diode positive direction of its inside is identical with the direction of discharge loop, therefore discharge loop can discharge, when the voltage of battery core is placed to lower than 4.08V, HY2113 stops additives for overcharge protection state again at the 3rd pin output HIGH voltage, makes the overcharge control valve conducting in AO3814, namely the B-of battery core and baffle P-connects again, and battery core can carry out normal discharge and recharge again, (3), baffle short-circuit protection control principle: as shown in the figure, in the process that baffle externally discharges, two electronic switches in AO3814 are also not exclusively equivalent to two mechanical switchs, but be equivalent to the very little resistance of two resistance, and be called the conducting internal resistance of AO3814, the conducting internal resistance of each switch be about 30m U03a9 be about altogether 60m U03a9, be added in the voltage that G extremely goes up and be actually the size of the conducting resistance directly controlling each switching tube when G pole tension is greater than 1V, the conducting internal resistance of switching tube is very little (tens milliohms), be equivalent to switch close, when G pole tension is less than below 0.7V, the conducting internal resistance very large (a few M Ω) of switching tube, be equivalent to switch disconnect.Voltage U A is exactly the voltage that the conducting internal resistance of AO3814 and discharging current produce, and load current increases, and UA must increase, and because UA0.006L × IUA is also called the tube voltage drop of AO3814, UA letter can connect the size showing discharging current.Just think that load current reaches limiting value when rising to 0.2V, so stop the output voltage of the 1st pin, the control of discharge pipe that the 1st pin voltage is become in 0V, AO3814 is closed, and cuts off the discharge loop of battery core, will turn off control of discharge pipe.Achieve overcurrent protection.
One segment fault; PTC big current high temperature protection principle: charging process electric current is by P+, PTC, B+, B-, MOS to P-; along with the increase of electric current, then PTC temperature sharply rises, and namely PTC internal resistance sharply increases; to PTC internal resistance infinity then circuit breaker; now reached overcurrent protection state, after temperature lowers, then internal resistance also reduces thereupon; PTC returns to normal condition, and circuit again can conducting.Discharge process electric current is by B+, PTC, P+, P-, MOS to B-; along with the increase of electric current; then PTC temperature sharply rises; namely PTC internal resistance sharply increases, and to PTC internal resistance infinity then circuit breaker, has now reached overcurrent protection state; after temperature lowers; then internal resistance also reduces thereupon, and PTC returns to normal condition, and circuit again can conducting.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., be all included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. one kind based on PTC protective circuit on lithium battery protection board, comprise multiple Resistor-Capacitor Unit, it is characterized in that: also comprise PTC overcurrent temperature protector, Control protection chip and MOS switching circuit, two outputs of load are connected with the first end of described Control protection chip and the first end of described MOS switching circuit respectively, second end of described Control protection chip is connected with the second end of described MOS switching circuit, 3rd end of described Control protection chip is connected with the first end of described PTC overcurrent temperature protector, second end of described PTC overcurrent temperature protector is connected with the first end of described lithium cell, 3rd end of described MOS switching circuit is connected with the second end of described lithium cell.
2. one according to claim 1 is based on PTC protective circuit on lithium battery protection board; it is characterized in that: described MOS switching circuit comprises two overcharge control switch pipes; two described overcharge control switch pipes connect; described overcharge control switch pipe inside is provided with diode, and described diode positive direction is identical with the direction of discharge loop.
3. one according to claim 2 is based on PTC protective circuit on lithium battery protection board, it is characterized in that: described overcharge control switch pipe is MOSFET pipe.
4. one according to claim 1 is based on PTC protective circuit on lithium battery protection board, it is characterized in that: described PTC overcurrent temperature protector is PTC thermistor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410519734.0A CN104242253A (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Lithium battery protection based on-board PTC (positive temperature coefficient) protection circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410519734.0A CN104242253A (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Lithium battery protection based on-board PTC (positive temperature coefficient) protection circuit |
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| CN104242253A true CN104242253A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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| CN201410519734.0A Pending CN104242253A (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Lithium battery protection based on-board PTC (positive temperature coefficient) protection circuit |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106602155A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-04-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Battery |
| CN107017377A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-08-04 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | Battery and mobile terminal |
| CN107978811A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-01 | 天津宝坻紫荆科技有限公司 | A kind of lithium ion solar street light battery that can be exchanged with lead-acid battery |
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| CN204179645U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-25 | 成都闰世科技有限公司 | A kind of based on PTC protective circuit on lithium battery protection board |
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2014
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| CN101465539A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-24 | 三美电机株式会社 | Battery pack |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107017377A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-08-04 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | Battery and mobile terminal |
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| CN107978811A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-01 | 天津宝坻紫荆科技有限公司 | A kind of lithium ion solar street light battery that can be exchanged with lead-acid battery |
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Application publication date: 20141224 |