CN204406504U - The passenger flow volume statistical system that PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array merge - Google Patents
The passenger flow volume statistical system that PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array merge Download PDFInfo
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- CN204406504U CN204406504U CN201420773203.XU CN201420773203U CN204406504U CN 204406504 U CN204406504 U CN 204406504U CN 201420773203 U CN201420773203 U CN 201420773203U CN 204406504 U CN204406504 U CN 204406504U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the passenger flow volume statistical system that a kind of PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array merge, comprise ultrasonic sensor modules, data processing module, GPRS module, data memory module, PSD array module and management of passenger flow platform.The passenger flow volume statistical system that this PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array merge is not subject to the impact of environmental factor, does not need video identification and complicated software algorithm, not only can carry out the accurate metering of high density passenger flow, and can identify passenger flow direction.The utility model can improve the accuracy of system, robustness and reliability, and increases the functions such as data wireless transmission, data analysis and back-stage management.
Description
Technical field
the utility model is involved in guest flow statistics technical field, is specifically related to the passenger flow volume statistical system that a kind of PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array merge.
Background technology
passenger flow volume statistical system is the effective ways of guest flow statistics, assessment, is used for detecting the volume of the flow of passengers in certain place, draws passenger flow direction, quantitative law, improves the efficiency of the operation management in place.
along with China's expanding economy, megastore, shopping center, supermarket, tourist attractions get more and more, and for these playgrounds, customer flow statistics plays vital effect for the performance analysis of sales field.At present, a lot of market all starts to utilize passenger flow volume statistical system, for the management and decision of operator provides important referential data.In addition, as the owner of public transport and supvr need real-time, clear, accurately passenger's statistical traffic data as the foundation of planning, vehicle scheduling, operation management, the soft hardware equipment of corresponding passenger flow statistics and via operation analytic system therefore must be had to provide support.
in existing Patents, the patent No. is " visitors flowrate monitor " in 200420113463.0, the patent No. is " device with counting passenger throughput of bus by electromagnetic detector " of 01137313.X, application number is " passenger flow volume detection method and the system based on computer vision " of 200710041616.3, application number is " the people flow rate statistical method and system based on intelligent video identification technology " of 200810037799.6, application number is " public bus people flow rate counting device " in 200910153676.3, application number is " a kind of statistical processing methods of tourist flow data of 200910106055.X, system and server ", the patent No. is 200920209555.1 " utilizing RFID technique to add up the device of customer flow in market or supermarket ", application number is " a kind of real-time bus passenger flow volume statistical method " of 201010122682.5, application number is " the bus passenger flow statistical system based on ultrasonic sensor " of 201310731619.5, the passenger flow statistical method that passenger flow volume statistical system in these patents above-mentioned uses can be divided into three kinds: based on the video detecting method of camera, based on the detection method of photoelectric sensor, based on the monitoring method of ultrasonic sensor.
at present, there is following difficult point in the technical method of guest flow statistics: the impact of the accurate metering of high density passenger flow, passenger flow direction determining and the factor such as illumination, environment.Passenger flow volume statistical system based on computer vision is applicable to the lower situation of volume of the flow of passengers density, also can identify passenger flow direction, but accuracy of detection is lower when intensity of passenger flow height simultaneously, and software algorithm realizes complicated, and cost is higher; Passenger flow statistical system based on photoelectric sensor is not subject to the impact of environmental factor, but high density passenger flow and passenger flow direction are still technical barrier; Bus passenger flow statistical system based on ultrasonic sensor is not subject to the problem of the factor impacts such as outdoor environment, high density passenger flow, picture quality, but passenger flow direction is still technical barrier.
Summary of the invention
the utility model proposes the passenger flow volume statistical system that a kind of PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array merge, this system is not subject to the impact of environmental factor, do not need video identification and complicated software algorithm, not only can carry out the accurate metering of high density passenger flow, and passenger flow direction can be identified.The utility model can improve the accuracy of system, robustness and reliability, and increases the functions such as data wireless transmission, data analysis and back-stage management.
the technical solution of the utility model is: the passenger flow volume statistical system that a kind of PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array merge, comprise ultrasonic sensor modules, data processing module, GPRS module, data memory module, it is characterized in that, also comprise PSD array module and management of passenger flow platform; Described PSD array module, for obtaining obstacle distance, and sends the data to data processing module; Described PSD array module is relevant with the width of installation site passage with the number of ultrasonic sensor modules, and installation site is relevant with the height of passage.
further, the distance between described PSD array module and ultrasonic sensor modules is 200mm, and ultrasonic sensor modules is launched hyperacoustic angle and is less than 15 °.
further, described PSD array module and ultrasonic sensor modules cross arrangement are placed.
the utility model has the advantages that:
1. the passenger flow volume statistical system that in the utility model, PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array merge adopts the volume of the flow of passengers solution of multi-sensor cooperation, PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array staggered form are placed, be not subject to the impact of environmental factor, do not need video identification and complicated software algorithm, not only can carry out the accurate metering of high density passenger flow, and passenger flow direction can be identified, improve accuracy and the robustness of passenger flow data statistics, and increase the functions such as data wireless transmission, data analysis and back-stage management.For some particular place OA operation analysis theory, passenger flow planning, scheduling, administrative skill provides practicable solution.
passenger flow volume statistical system in the utility model not only can be applied in public transport aspect, can also be applied in the playgrounds such as megastore, supermarket, tourist attractions, for the management and decision of operator provides important referential data.
Accompanying drawing explanation
below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further described:
fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the passenger flow volume statistical system that the utility model PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array merge;
fig. 2 is the principle schematic of the passenger flow volume statistical system that the utility model PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array merge;
fig. 3 is the range measurement principle schematic diagram of PSD array module.
Embodiment
for making the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment also with reference to accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.Should be appreciated that, these describe just exemplary, and do not really want to limit scope of the present utility model.In addition, in the following description, the description to known features and technology is eliminated, to avoid unnecessarily obscuring concept of the present utility model.
embodiment:
below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present utility model is described further.
position-Sensitive Detector (Position-Sensitive Detector, PSD) be a kind of semiconductor devices based on lateral photo effect detection GuangDian Center location coordinate information, there is the advantages such as resolution is high, fast response time, signal transacting are simple, be specially adapted to unique, distance, angle and can indirect reformer be contactless high-precision Quick Measurement and the alignment measurement of other physical quantitys of optoelectronic position and displacement.
array module is by PSD and IRED(infrared-emitting diode) and signal processing circuit three part form.Owing to have employed triangulation method, the material of testee, environment temperature and Measuring Time all can not affect the measuring accuracy of sensor.The distance of sensor output voltage value correspondence detection.The distance of institute's detecting object just can be drawn, so this sensor may be used for range observation, keeps away the occasions such as barrier by measuring voltage value.
array module adopts laser triangulation principle, its principle of work as shown in Figure 3, the laser beam that semiconductor laser 31 sends is after catoptron 32, attachment lens 33 and optical transmitting system 34 focus on, the luminous point that upper formation size is enough little on the surface (tested surface) of measured workpiece 35, tested surface diffuses after imaging optical system 36, the photosurface of PSD forms a corresponding picture point.When tested surface is subjected to displacement change, the picture point on PSD also changes thereupon, sets up the mathematical model between measured object length variations, namely can be calculated the displacement H of object plane by the displacement of the luminous point on PSD exactly according to the picture point amount of movement of PSD.The computing formula of displacement is:
in formula: α is incident light and object plane angle; θ is incident light and optical axis included angle; S is object distance; S ' is image distance.
ultrasonic sensor comprises ultrasonic transmitter, ultrasonic receiver and control circuit, the ultrasound wave that transmitter is launched is encountered object and can be produced and significantly reflect to form reflection echo, receiver receives this reflection echo, then ultrasonic echo range measurement principle is utilized, use accurate time difference measurement technology, the distance between detecting sensor and object.
ultrasonic ranging principle launches ultrasound wave by ultrasonic transmitter to a direction, while x time, start timing, encounters barrier and just return immediately when ultrasound wave is propagated in atmosphere, and ultrasonic receiver receives reflection wave and just stops timing immediately.The aerial velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave is v, and according to the mistiming △ t measuring transmitting and receiving echo of timer record, just can calculate the distance s of launching site apart from barrier, so-called mistiming telemetry that Here it is, the computing formula of distance s is:
s=v·△t/2
because ultrasound wave is a kind of sound wave in essence, and the velocity of sound is relevant with temperature T, in use, if temperature variation is little, then can think that the velocity of sound is substantially constant.Under normal temperature, hyperacoustic velocity of propagation is 334 meter per seconds, but its velocity of propagation v is subject to the impact of the factors such as temperature in air, humidity, pressure, and the impact wherein by temperature is comparatively large, as temperature often raises 1 DEG C, and velocity of sound increase about 0.6 meter per second.If distance accuracy requires very high, then should be corrected by the method for temperature compensation, native system have employed the method for temperature compensation.When known site environment temperature is T, the computing formula of ultrasonic propagation velocity v is: v=331.45+0.607*T, after the velocity of sound is determined, as long as record the ultrasound wave round time, can try to achieve distance.
as shown in Figure 1, the passenger flow volume statistical system that the PSD linear array in the utility model and ultrasound wave linear array merge comprises PSD array module, ultrasonic sensor modules, data processing module, GPRS module, data memory module and management of passenger flow platform.
array module, obtains the distance of barrier apart from module, and sends the data to data processing module;
ultrasonic sensor modules, sends to data processing module by surveyed obstacle distance.Often overlap PSD linear array and ultrasound wave sending and receiving injection device and have several PSD array module and ultrasonic sensors, the number of probes of installation site is depending on the width of passage, and installation site is depending on the height of passage;
data processing module, carries out Treatment Analysis to the data-signal that PSD linear array and ultrasonic sensor modules collect, and obtains the head portrait that barrier shape determines whether as people, then carries out passenger flow statistics, and the passenger flow information obtained is stored in data memory module;
gPRS module, utilizes GPRS network that the volume of the flow of passengers data of acquisition are sent to management of passenger flow platform, and provides regularly transmission passenger flow statistics data and in real time transmission passenger flow statistics data two kinds of modes;
data memory module, comprises two parts data message, and wherein the passenger flow data information of a part for storing, to comprise in service time, operation process the data such as passenger flow number; Another part is the data message that ultrasonic sensor modules collects within certain time period;
management of passenger flow platform, is responsible for the volume of the flow of passengers data message of receiving system transmission and analyzes, generating statistical information and form, and provide optional printing function by different demand, for sales field operation, vehicle scheduling marketing planning and operation management provide foundation.
first PSD array module selected in the present embodiment is described: PSD range finder module selects the longest measuring distance to be 150cm.
secondly ultrasonic sensor selected in the present embodiment is described: its basic functional principle triggers range finding for adopting I/O port TRIG, to the high level signal of minimum 10us, module sends the square wave of 8 40khz automatically, whether automatic detection has signal to return, if there is signal to return, export a high level by I/O port, the time that high level continues is exactly that ultrasound wave is from being transmitted into the time returned.The computing formula of measuring distance is:
s=(t*v)/2
wherein, s is measuring distance, and t is high level time, and v is the velocity of sound, and v=31.45+0.607*T, T are bus environment temperature.
in the present embodiment, the width of selected ultrasonic sensor is 45mm, highly is 15mm, and can provide the contactless distance sensing function of 0.02m-4m, acquisition precision can reach 3mm.
before the workflow providing the passenger flow volume statistical system that PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array merge in the utility model, first the installation question of PSD linear array and ultrasonic sensor is solved, because the spacing between sensor and problem of the number directly can affect the accuracy of passenger flow statistical system.
and separate between ultrasonic sensor, can not influence each other test result.But, when two same type of sensor spacing are too little, the data collected can be overlapped, when two transducer spacings are too large, the leakage collection of data can be caused again, for balancing this two problems, in conjunction with passenger average height 1.70m, through the checking of repeatedly installing and to test findings, the distance between the module that one-dimensional PSD selected by the present embodiment and lasing light emitter combine is 200mm; The hyperacoustic angle of sensor emission is less than 15 degree, and the distance between two sensors is decided to be 200mm.For channel width 0.8m used in the present embodiment, 7 PSD sensor assemblies and 7 ultrasonic sensors need be installed.Specifically as shown in Figure 2.
in Fig. 2, suppose that 21(circle represents) represent PSD sensor assembly, 22(triangle represents) and representing ultrasonic sensor modules, PSD sensor and ultrasonic sensor cross arrangement are placed, totally two rows.Laterally adjacent PSD transducer spacing is 200mm, and adjacent ultrasonic sensor spacing is 200mm; The spacing of transverse and longitudinal PSD and ultrasonic sensor is all 100mm.
provide the workflow of the passenger flow volume statistical system that PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array merge in the utility model below:
1., for meeting the installation needs of different occasion, when passenger flow statistical system device is installed, be rotatable 0-90 degree by the angle design between sensor and mounting bracket;
2. to enter PSD and the ultrasound wave sending and receiving injection device of certain occasion, first the change in coordinate axis direction used in following describing is defined: the right parallel with doorframe above certain occasion is x-axis positive dirction, direction on vertical-horizontal alignment is y-axis positive dirction, by right-hand rule determination z-axis (for stating its physical significance, below be designated as t axle) positive dirction, the index value (PSD and ultrasound wave count respectively) of often some representative sensor in x-axis, the t number of axle is according to representing the different moment, y-axis data are the distance value that each sensor measures, for being consistent with actual conditions, the crest place in figure (the actual trough place for range data) is made to represent passenger position, definition y-axis positive dirction is downward, in fact, x-y data are the distance value that synchronization different sensors collects, and t-y data are the distance value that same sensor is not collecting in the same time, and x-t-y data are the range data that in certain time period, each ultrasonic sensor collects,
4. considering that the situation that the volume of the flow of passengers is larger, the data processing in the present embodiment get 5s is a time period.After passenger flow volume statistical system is started working, it is a time period with 5s, first filtering and interpolation processing are carried out to the x-t-y data collected in this time period, then 3 D image drawing is carried out, the crest place of three-dimensional picture just represents passenger position, not only can draw through patronage, the direct of travel of passenger can also be judged according to the change of t-y data and curves, make passenger flow statistics data more accurate;
5. pass through said method, the passenger flow statistics data entering and go out can be drawn in random time section, deposit to data memory module by these data, the present embodiment chooses the mode regularly transmitting data, and passenger flow data is passed through the management of passenger flow platform of GPRS Wireless transceiver to backstage by zero point every day;
6., in management of passenger flow platform, real time inspection occasion demographic information can wait data message, according to demand passenger flow data can also be analyzed, generate printable statistical information and form, for vehicle scheduling and management provide foundation.
should be understood that, above-mentioned embodiment of the present utility model only for exemplary illustration or explain principle of the present utility model, and is not formed restriction of the present utility model.Therefore, any amendment made when not departing from spirit and scope of the present utility model, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.In addition, the utility model claims be intended to contain fall into claims scope and border or this scope and border equivalents in whole change and modification.
Claims (3)
1.
the passenger flow volume statistical system that PSD linear array and ultrasound wave linear array merge, comprises ultrasonic sensor modules, data processing module, GPRS module, data memory module, it is characterized in that, also comprises PSD array module and management of passenger flow platform; Described PSD array module, for obtaining obstacle distance, and sends the data to data processing module; Described PSD array module is relevant with the width of installation site passage with the number of ultrasonic sensor modules, and installation site is relevant with the height of passage.
2.
the passenger flow volume statistical system that PSD linear array according to claim 1 and ultrasound wave linear array merge, it is characterized in that, distance between described PSD array module and ultrasonic sensor modules is 200mm, and ultrasonic sensor modules is launched hyperacoustic angle and is less than 15 °.
3.
the passenger flow volume statistical system that PSD linear array according to claim 1 and ultrasound wave linear array merge, is characterized in that, described PSD array module and ultrasonic sensor modules cross arrangement are placed.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU204271U1 (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-05-18 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Пензенский государственный университет архитектуры и строительства" | Public transport passenger counting device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU204271U1 (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-05-18 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Пензенский государственный университет архитектуры и строительства" | Public transport passenger counting device |
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