CN203858303U

CN203858303U - Electric field sensor

Info

Publication number: CN203858303U
Application number: CN201420165910.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐叶飞; 刘晓明
Original assignee: Shenyang University of Technology
Current assignee: Shenyang University of Technology
Priority date: 2014-04-08
Filing date: 2014-04-08
Publication date: 2014-10-01
Anticipated expiration: 2024-04-08

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric field sensor, and relates to an improvement on the structure of an electric field sensor. The electric field sensor provided by the utility model is wide in measurement intensity range, and can be applied to measurement for an electrical appliance surface space electric field and an environmental space electric field. The electric field sensor comprises a probe, a camera, a laser backplate, a laser gun and a rack, wherein the probe is arranged at a middle part of the transverse front side of the rack; the probe comprises a vacuum chamber coated by a transparent shell, the vacuum chamber is internally provided with an insulating rod, a detection ball and a plane mirror, the plane mirror is vertically arranged at the rear side of the vacuum chamber, the middle of the plane mirror is connected with one end of the insulating rod, the other end of the insulating rod is connected with the detection ball at the front side of the vacuum chamber, the insulating rod is vertically connected with a metal wire, two ends of the metal wire are connected with the upper wall and the lower wall of the vacuum chamber, the shell below the detection ball is in the structure of a corrugated tube, the corrugated tube is connected with a charging electrode of a vertical rod, the charging electrode penetrates through the corrugated tube structure, and the upper end is arranged corresponding to the detection ball in position; and the laser backplate is arranged at the upper part of the rear side of the rack corresponding to the plane mirror.

Description

A kind of electric-field sensor

Technical field

The utility model relates to the improvement of electric-field sensor structure.

Background technology

Under prior art, there are a lot of environment space electric field measurement systems, but (existing electric field measurement system electric-field sensor probe comprises more metal parts there is no a electric field measurement system that can be used for charged electrical equipment space surface electric field measurement, easily the original electric field of distortion, makes to measure the distortion electric field that electric field is actual electric field).Therefore under prior art, most electric equipment products are based on computer artificial result about the optimal design of surface field.

In addition, existing DC/AC electric field measurement method mainly comprises: particle drift method, bead method (ball gap method), potentiometer balanced methods for magnesium, induced charge method, charge-trapping method, strain optical material method.The each tool advantage of these methods but the part that simultaneously comes with some shortcomings.

1) particle drift method measuring accuracy is high but measurement range is narrow, can not be used for measuring high electric field.

2) bead method because of influenced factor many, poor stability and precision are low.

3) potentiometer balanced methods for magnesium complicated operation, and low precision.

4) capacitor charging method and charge-trapping method, because the metal probe with large volume affects greatly original electric field distortion, are not suitable for superelevation electric field intensity (more than 10^6kV/m) and measure.

5) strain optical material method is subject to such environmental effects such as temperature humidity.

Summary of the invention

The utility model is exactly for the problems referred to above, a kind of measured intensity wide ranges is provided, can be used for the electric-field sensor of electrical equipment space surface electric field and environment space electric field measurement.

For achieving the above object, the utility model adopts following technical scheme, the utility model measuring system is made up of electric-field sensor, data handling system, communication system, positioning system, corrective system and power supply, and communication system port is connected with positioning system port, corrective system port, data handling system port, electric-field sensor port respectively.

Described data handling system is obtained numerical information or is sent instruction to electric-field sensor, corrective system, positioning system from electric-field sensor, corrective system, positioning system by communication system.

Described positioning system is by the detection and localization of measurand and electric-field sensor being obtained to seat and the profile geological information of measurand and electric-field sensor, and by information returned data disposal system.

Described data handling system is sent charging or correction instruction to corrective system, and corrective system is charged to electric-field sensor or proofreaied and correct, and by voltage data returned data disposal system.

Described data handling system is sent measurement instruction to electric-field sensor, and electric-field sensor is measured electric field, and by electric field information returned data disposal system.

As a kind of preferred version, electric-field sensor described in the utility model comprises probe, video camera, laser backboard, laser gun and frame, and probe is arranged on middle part, the horizontal front side of frame; Probe comprises the vacuum chamber of transparent shell parcel, in vacuum chamber, be provided with insulating bar, survey ball and level crossing, level crossing is vertically arranged on the rear side of vacuum chamber, in the middle of level crossing, be connected with insulating bar one end, the insulating bar other end is connected with the detection ball of vacuum chamber front side, insulating bar is connected with metal wire is vertical, metal wire two ends are connected with lower wall on vacuum chamber, the housing of surveying ball below is bellows structure, corrugated tube is connected with montant charging electrode, charging electrode break-through bellows structure, upper end position is corresponding to surveying ball setting; Described laser backboard is arranged on the rear upper lateral part of frame corresponding to level crossing, laser gun is arranged on the rear side lower part of frame corresponding to probe, and video camera is arranged in the frame at laser backboard rear.

As another kind of preferred version, lower housing portion described in the utility model front side is provided with the mobile assembled and disassembled parts (being convenient to the dismounting of probe) that are connected with frame.

As another kind of preferred version, detection ball described in the utility model, level crossing, insulating bar assembly center of gravity overlap with metal wire center of gravity.

As another kind of preferred version, the plastic ball that detection ball described in the utility model is surperficial metal spraying.

As another kind of preferred version, corrective system described in the utility model comprises plate electrode, bar electrode, programmable DC power supply, and plate electrode and bar electrode are connected to programmable DC power supply two output terminals.

Secondly, positioning system described in the utility model comprises APS-GPS positioning system and laser orientation system.

In addition, communication system described in the utility model comprises fiber optic data communication interface, remote wireless network communication interface and short-range wireless communication interface; Communication system is connected with corrective system, electric-field sensor, positioning system respectively by fiber optic data communication interface, and communication system is connected with data handling system with short-range wireless communication interface by remote wireless network communication interface.

The method that the utility model is measured comprises charging, verification, location, measures, tests positive five steps.

Charge step.

1) probe is placed in to physical environment.

2) plate electrode of corrective system is close to the upper surface of the vacuum chamber of popping one's head in.

3) bar electrode of corrective system is connected with the charging electrode of probe, and charging electrode is contacted with measurement bead.

4) regulate programmable DC supply voltage to U1, make to survey ball-plate capacitor system charging of ball and plate electrode composition.

5) after the T1 time, keep U1 constant, make fast charging electrode separate with surveying ball, and disconnect bar electrode fast.

6) continue to keep U1 constant, disconnect fast plate electrode, survey the electric weight of spherical zone Q1.

7) regulate programmable DC supply voltage to 0, remove plate electrode.

Checking procedure.

1) probe is placed in to physical environment.

2) by the bar electrode ground connection of corrective system.

3) plate electrode of corrective system is close to the side surface of the vacuum chamber of popping one's head in.

4) making programmable DC power supply output effective value is U2, the sine wave that frequency is consistent with tested power frequency electric field frequency.

5) under the effect of U2, the space of surveying ball place produces electric field E2, and laser backboard detection laser rifle penetrates the displacement of light through flat mirror reflects.

6) video camera is arranged to exposal model, laser backboard is taken pictures.

7) photo of gained is passed to data handling system in real time by communication system, data handling system reads the information such as the ratio amplitude A2 of the electric field E2 of U2 generation from photo, remembers that this scale parameter integrates as G2.

8) estimate and survey the charge volume of ball and whether belong to zone of reasonableness according to the value of A2; If so, regulate programmable DC supply voltage to 0, remove plate electrode, and carry out next step; If can not, recharge step and checking procedure, until be.

Positioning step.

1) probe 4 is placed in to the position that need to measure electric field, goes out the approximate location of detection system with APS-GPS systematic survey, coordinate record is PG1, PG2 ... PGN.

2) measure the relative position relation between probe and object of reference, measurand and object of reference, probe and measurand with laser orientation system, and be recorded as respectively P11, P12 ... P1N; P21, P22 ... P2N; P31, P32 ... P3N.

Measuring process.

1) probe is placed in to measured power frequency electric field E3.

2) laser backboard detection laser rifle penetrates the displacement of light through flat mirror reflects.

3) video camera is arranged to exposal model, laser backboard is taken pictures.

4) photo of gained is passed to data handling system in real time by communication system, data handling system reads the information such as the ratio amplitude A3 of E3 from photo, remembers that this scale parameter integrates as G3.

5) information in more tested electric field E3 parameter set G3 and known electric field E2 parameter set G2, obtains the actual parameter of tested electric field E3.

Verification step.

1) probe is placed in to physical environment.

2) by the bar electrode ground connection of corrective system.

4) making programmable DC power supply output effective value is the sine wave that U2 frequency is consistent with tested power frequency electric field frequency.

6) video camera is arranged to exposal model, then laser backboard is taken pictures.

7) photo of gained is passed to data handling system in real time by communication system, data handling system reads the information such as the ratio amplitude A4 of the electric field E4 that U2 now produces from photo, remembers that this scale parameter integrates as G4; Relatively G4 and G2, if same parameter variations in the reasonable scope, look measuring process parameters obtained collection G3 correct; Otherwise repeat above-mentioned charging, verification, location, four steps of measurement, until correct.

As a kind of preferred version, the utility model T1 time is greater than 1s; Video camera time shutter of taking pictures is greater than 15ms, is less than 35ms.

As another kind of preferred version, in scale parameter collection G described in the utility model, comprise electric field magnitude, frequent, ripple characteristics parameter; Described locator data PGN, P1N, P2N, P3N are used for creating three-dimensional data model.

The utility model beneficial effect.

The utility model precision high (corrective system can arrange charge capacity), strength range are wide, and (probe is without electronic circuit, needn't consider Insulation Problems), (volume is little to can be used for electrical equipment space surface electric field and environment space electric field measurement, metal parts is few, little to highfield distortion).

There is specifically following beneficial effect.

1. sensor probe volume of the present utility model is little, metal parts is few, becomes distortion effects little to measurement point.

2. sensor probe of the present utility model is simple in structure, can do very littlely, is beneficial in small space and uses.

3. sensor probe of the present utility model is made up of non-electronic element completely, is applicable to high field and measures.

4. positioning system of the present utility model can gather the relative position relation of measurement point.

By data handling system of the present utility model to electric field data and relative position relation data processing, can obtain measurand surrounding space Field signature.

6. of the present utility model simple in structure, the system division of labor is clear and definite, easy to implement separately.

7. the utility model can be measured charged electric equipment products space surface electric field intensity comparatively exactly.

Brief description of the drawings

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described further.The utility model protection domain is not only confined to the statement of following content.

Fig. 1 is the utility model system construction drawing.

Fig. 2 is the utility model sensor construction figure.

Fig. 3 is the utility model sensor probe structural drawing.

Fig. 4 is the utility model corrective system structural drawing.

Fig. 5 is the utility model detection principle key diagram.

Fig. 6 is the utility model detection principle optics aid illustration figure.

Fig. 7 is the utility model corrective system programmable DC power supply block diagram.

Number in the figure: 1 insulating bar; 2 survey ball; 3 vacuum chambers; 4 probes; 5 level crossings; 6 video cameras; 7 laser backboards; 8 laser guns; 9 light paths; 10 charging electrodes; 11 corrugated tubes; 12 meet corrective system bar electrode place; The junction of 13 metal wires and insulating bar; 14 metal wires; 15 dismounting parts; 16 plate electrodes; 17 bar electrodes.

Embodiment

As shown in the figure, indirectly measure electric field by the measurement of the acting force to electrified body (electric field force) to electric field, be characterized in.

First, convert the electric field force acting on electrified body to angular metric by elastic threads.

Then, by optical lever, this angular metric isolated high-voltage electric field is passed to laser backboard and zooms into displacement.

Then, with video camera 6, this displacement is converted to image digital signal.

Finally, by the processing of microcomputer image, obtain the each parameter of electric field, complete measurement.

This digital measurement system that is applicable to high field measurement that the utility model provides, its feature is to be made up of electric-field sensor, data handling system, communication system, positioning system, corrective system and power supply.

Wherein communication system realizes the exchange of data between subsystems and data handling system, and data handling system is realized from electric-field sensor, corrective system, positioning system and obtained numerical information or send instruction to electric-field sensor, corrective system, positioning system by communication system.

When system operation, data handling system is sent positioning instruction to positioning system, positioning system is by the detection and localization of measurand and electric-field sensor being obtained to seat and the profile geological information of measurand and electric-field sensor, and by information returned data disposal system.

When system operation, data handling system is sent charging (or correction) instruction to corrective system, and corrective system is charged (or correction) to electric-field sensor, and by voltage data returned data disposal system.

When system operation, data handling system is sent measurement instruction to electric-field sensor, and electric-field sensor is measured electric field, and through electric field information returned data disposal system.

When system operation, power supply is each subsystem power supply.

The structure of described electric-field sensor as shown in Figure 2, comprising: probe 4, video camera 6, laser backboard 7, laser gun 8 and frame.Wherein, laser backboard 7 is marked with length scale information, frame for popping one's head in 4, video camera 6, laser backboard 7, laser gun 8 provide the condition of rigidly fixing.It should be noted that level crossing 5, laser backboard 7 and laser gun 8 threes are centered close in same plane, three's position relationship meets: when sensor running, the laser that laser gun 8 is launched is by metal wire 14; Level crossing will be within the scope of the profile of laser backboard 7 to the light of laser reflection, as shown in Figure 2, so that optical lever realizes amplification.

Probe 4 structures of electric-field sensor described in the utility model as shown in Figure 3, comprising: insulating bar 1, detection ball 2, vacuum chamber 3, level crossing 5, charging electrode 10, corrugated tube 11 and metal wire 14.Wherein, metal wire 14 two ends are fixed in vacuum chamber 3; Metal wire 14 is rigidity handing-over with the junction 13 of insulating bar 1; Survey the two ends that ball 2 and level crossing 5 are individually fixed in insulating bar 1, three's assembly center of gravity overlaps with metal wire 14; Charging electrode 10 is rigidly connected with corrugated tube 11, and be arranged on survey ball 2 under, and survey ball 2 and often form not syndeton, do not contact with surveying ball 2 at ordinary times, when charging, contact with detection ball 2 by External Force Acting, be connected.In addition, it should be noted that and survey the lightweight plastic cement bead of ball 2 for metal spraying processing; Whole vacuum chamber 3 should have certain sealing intensity, dielectric strength and physical strength; The motion that the fixed seat of metal wire 14 in vacuum chamber should be detection ball 2 provides suitable space.

Described corrective system comprises plate electrode 16, bar electrode 17, programmable DC power supply.Wherein, plate electrode 16 and bar electrode 17 are connected to programmable DC power supply two output terminals.

Described positioning system comprises APS-GPS positioning system and laser orientation system.

Described communication system comprises fiber optic data communication interface, remote wireless network communication interface and short-range wireless communication interface.Wherein, fiber optic data communication interface is for the communication link C of communication link B, positioning system and the communication system of communication link A, electric-field sensor and the communication system of the corrective system shown in Fig. 1 and communication system, and short-range wireless communication system and remote wireless communication system are for the communication link of communication system and data handling system.

All non-metallic components of the present utility model all adopt the material that relative dielectric constant is less to make (as tempered glass).

It is 200um that described insulating bar 1 can adopt diameter, the quartz rod that length is 20mm.

Described detection ball 2 is the lightweight bead through metal spraying processing; Can adopt surperficial metal spraying (metal spraying: adopt spraying method to realize gold-plated a kind of manufacturing process) to process an EPS expanded polystyrene ball that diameter is 2.5mm, the about 5um of metal spraying thickness, spray metal can adopt aluminium.

Described vacuum chamber 3 adopt dielectric strength and physical strength all higher transparent material make, this material should have less light refractive index temperature coefficient, to reduce to answer the unbalanced optical lever fault in enlargement causing of temperature.Vacuum chamber can keep surveying spherical zone electric weight, and reduces the resistance of the detection ball of air to motion, improves measuring system sensitivity and measuring accuracy.Vacuum chamber 3 can adopt tempered glass to make.

Described metal wire 14 adopts the higher metal material of the elasticity of torsion coefficient linearity to make, and this metal material ductility is better, and being easy to be processed into diameter is 100 micron-sized metal wires; Can adopt 304 stainless steels to make.

Described metal wire 14 two ends are vertically fixed in the middle of the upper and lower end face of vacuum chamber 3, it should be noted that its point of fixity should be thought of as other arrangement works and reserve enough spaces.

Described metal wire 14 and the junction 13 of insulating bar 1 are for being rigidly connected, to guarantee to bear enough torques.

Described detection ball 2 and level crossing 5 are individually fixed in the two ends of insulating bar 1, and three's assembly center of gravity overlaps with metal wire 14, stretch reducing because the non-linear bending that gravity causes turns.

The thin electrode that described charging electrode 10 is made for metal material, is rigidly connected with corrugated tube 11.Charging electrode 10 be arranged on survey ball 2 under, with survey ball 2 often form not syndeton.Charging electrode 10 does not contact with surveying ball 2 at ordinary times, when charging, by External Force Acting, contacts with surveying ball 2, is connected.

Described corrugated tube 11 is smoothly fixed on the lower surface of vacuum chamber 3, and has certain dielectric strength and physical strength.When without External Force Acting, corrugated tube 11 has enough intensity to overcome gas pressure, the released state that keeps charging electrode 10 to separate with detection ball 2; The masterpiece used time outside, corrugated tube 11 should suitably be out of shape, and to vacuum chamber 3 sunken insides, charging electrode 10 is contacted with detection ball 2.

Described sensor comprises: probe 4, video camera 6, laser backboard 7, laser gun 8 and frame (not pointing out) totally 5 parts.

Described frame is made (as tempered glass) by the less hard insulation of specific inductive capacity, its function be for popping one's head in 4, video camera 6, laser backboard 7, laser gun 8 provide the condition of rigidly fixing.It should be noted that in the time of fixed pan mirror 5, laser backboard 7 and laser gun 8, level crossing 5, laser backboard 7 and laser gun 8 threes are centered close in same plane, three's position relationship meets: when sensor running, the laser that laser gun 8 is launched is by metal wire 14; Level crossing will be within the scope of the profile of laser backboard 7 to the light of laser reflection, as shown in Figure 2, so that optical lever realizes amplification.

It is circular that described plate electrode 16 should be, and area should be far longer than the area of any end face of sensor probe 4, realizes uniform electric field to facilitate.

Described direct supply should have voltage regulation function able to programme, and the change able to programme of positive and negative output polarity has the continuous adjustable fan-out capability of 0--1Kv, and voltage is adjusted speed and is not less than 500V/ms, and in the time that output voltage is 1kV, electric current fan-out capability is not less than 1uA.

Described plate electrode 16 and bar electrode 17 are connected in two output terminals of programmable DC power supply.

Described GPS positioning system can adopt BeStar BD-126 module.

Described laser orientation system can adopt SICK DT50-P1113 sensor.

The utility model is measured the step of electric field: charging, verification, location, measure, test positive five steps.

Charge step.

1) probe 4 is placed in to physical environment.

2) plate electrode of corrective system 16 is close to the upper surface of 4 vacuum chambers 3 of popping one's head in.

3) bar electrode of corrective system 17 is connected with the charging electrode 10 of probe 4, and charging electrode 10 is contacted with measurement bead 2.

4) regulate programmable DC supply voltage to U1, make to survey ball 2 and charge with ball-plate capacitor system that plate electrode 16 forms.

5) (the T1 time is used for removing environment charged particle to T1, reduce the impact on follow-up measuring process) after the time, keep U1 constant, make fast charging electrode 10 separate with detection ball 2, and disconnect fast the bar electrode 17(T1 time and be greater than 1s, be convenient to fully discharge the charged ion of environment space).

6) continue to keep U1 constant, disconnect fast plate electrode 16, now, survey the electric weight of ball 2 with Q1.

7) regulate programmable DC supply voltage to 0, remove plate electrode 16, complete this step.

Checking procedure.

1) probe 4 is placed in to physical environment.

2) by the bar electrode of corrective system 17 ground connection.

3) plate electrode of corrective system 16 is close to the side surface of 4 vacuum chambers 3 of popping one's head in.

5) under the effect of U2, the space of surveying ball 4 places produces electric field E2, and electric field E2 makes to survey ball 4 and swings, and therefore metal wire 14 reverses an angle (moving perpendicular to accompanying drawing paper), this angle is amplified through optical lever, converts the displacement of laser spots on laser backboard 7 to.

6) video camera 6 is arranged to exposal model, and makes the time shutter be greater than 15ms and be less than 35ms, then laser backboard 7 is taken pictures.

7) photo of gained is passed to data handling system in real time by communication system, data handling system reads the electric field E2(known electric field that U2 produces from photo) the information such as ratio amplitude A2, remember that this scale parameter integrates as G2.

8) estimate and survey the charge volume of ball 2 and whether belong to zone of reasonableness according to the value of A2.If so, regulate programmable DC supply voltage to 0, remove plate electrode 16, and carry out next step; If can not, recharge step and checking procedure, until be.

Positioning step.

2) measure the relative position relation between probe 4 and object of reference, measurand and object of reference, probe 4 and measurand with laser orientation system, and be recorded as respectively P11, P12 ... P1N; P21, P22 ... P2N; P31, P32 ... P3N.

Measuring process.

1) probe 4 is placed in to measured power frequency electric field E3.

2) under the effect of electric field E3, to survey ball 2 and swing, metal wire 14 reverses an angle, and this angle is amplified through optical lever, converts the displacement of laser spots on laser backboard 7 to.

3) video camera 6 is arranged to exposal model, and makes the time shutter be greater than 15ms and be less than 35ms, then laser backboard 7 is taken pictures.

4) photo of gained is passed to data handling system in real time by communication system, data handling system reads the tested electric field of E3(from photo) the information such as ratio amplitude A3, remember that this scale parameter integrates as G3.

Verification step.

1) probe 4 is placed in to physical environment (guarantee zona glomerulosa electric weight, improve stability).

2) by the bar electrode of corrective system 17 ground connection.

5) under the effect of U2, the space of surveying ball 2 places produces electric field E2, and electric field E2 makes to survey ball 2 and swings, and therefore metal wire 14 reverses an angle, and this angle is amplified through optical lever, converts the displacement of laser spots on laser backboard 7 to.

7) photo of gained is passed to data handling system in real time by communication system, data handling system reads the electric field E4(known electric field that U2 produces from photo) the information such as ratio amplitude A4, remember that this scale parameter integrates as G4.

8) compare G4 and G2, if same parameter variations in the reasonable scope, look measuring process parameters obtained collection G3 correct; Otherwise repeat above-mentioned charging, verification, location, four steps of measurement, until correct.

It should be noted that.

1) characterisitic parameter that comprises electric field in scale parameter collection G, comprises amplitude, frequent, ripple characteristics.

2) locator data PGN, P1N, P2N, P3N are used for creating three-dimensional data model; Accurately presentation surface Electric Field Distribution situation, can adopt matlab to create.

Supplementary notes.

Measuring principle illustrates.

Charge step.

In charging process, survey ball 2 and form a ball--plate capacitor system with plate electrode 16, the capacitance of this capacitor system is C.When to ball--when plate capacitor system applies voltage U, system carried charge.

(1)。

Keep voltage U constant, remove after bar electrode 17, surveying ball 2 carried charges is Q.

Aligning step.

Because be not to spend absolutely vacuum in vacuum chamber 3, likely reduce so survey the carried charge of ball 2, and be not that each charging under voltage U effect can make to survey the electric weight that ball 2 values of bringing are Q.In this kind of situation, the carried charge of corrective system inspection correcting detection ball 2.In trimming process, whether corrective system is also surveyed anticipation the carried charge of ball 2 reasonable, if the actual carried charge of discovery detection ball 2 is very few or too much, (charged major general excessively affects systematic survey sensitivity, charged mistake may cause outrange phenomenon at most), measuring system operation will be return charge step, adjust the carried charge of surveying ball 2.

Measuring process.

Carried charge is suffered electric field force F in the detection ball 2 of the Q electric field that is E in electric field intensity.

（2）。

Electric field force F is acting on the moment T of metal wire by insulating bar 1.

（3）。

Under moment T effect, as shown in Figure 5, the structure being made up of detection ball 2, insulating bar 1, level crossing 5 forwards dotted line position to by solid line position, the now windup-degree α of metal wire.

（4）。

for the angle that level crossing 5 rotates, known by geometrical principle.

（5）。

for the angle that reflection ray rotates, known by optical principle.

（6）。

For simplified illustration, as shown in Figure 5, taking metal wire 14 with the junction 13 of insulating bar 1 as initial point, and setting up rectangular coordinate system with the plane of crossing level crossing 5 centers, laser gun 7 centers, light l passes through initial point, and perpendicular to level crossing 5, the mid point of level crossing 5 is P, and P coordinate is , light l through the reflection ray of level crossing 5 is ( ).

Know by described in specific embodiments, insulating bar 1, perpendicular to level crossing 5, is put P coordinate and is met.

（7）。（8）。

Order.

（9）。

The equation of light l and level crossing 5 can be expressed as.

（10）。

（11）。

The equation that is obtained reflection ray by formula (9), (10), (11) is.

（12）。

Known by Fig. 5, the equation of laser backboard 7 is.

（13）。

The hot spot D of light on laser backboard 7 can be expressed as , wherein.

（14）。

Simultaneous formula (1), (2), (3), (4), (7), (8), (9), (14), solve.

（15）。

In formula (15).

（16）。

E (17)。

Obtained by the general of equation: as shown in figure (5), figure (6), by cause follow the differential constraint of formula (15).

Symbol description.

E: electric field intensity.

Q: survey spherical zone electric weight.

C: ball--the capacitance of plate capacitor system of surveying ball and plate electrode composition.

U: corrective system is to ball--the charging voltage of plate capacitor system.

F: electric field is to surveying the acting force of ball.

T: the moment of electric field force F to metal wire.

G: the modulus of shearing of metal wire.

H: the length of metal wire.

D: the diameter of metal wire.

A: as shown in Figure 5, survey the distance of the ball centre of sphere to the junction of metal wire and insulating bar.

B: as shown in Figure 5, the junction of metal wire and insulating bar is to the distance of level crossing.

C: as shown in Figure 5, level crossing is to the distance of laser backboard.

: as shown in Figure 5, hot spot D is to the distance (increment) of insulating bar place straight line.

: as shown in Figure 5, insulating bar is around the combination place of metal wire and insulating bar gyration (increment).

: as shown in Figure 5, level crossing institute gyration (increment).

: as shown in Figure 5, reflection ray institute gyration (increment).

Programmable DC power supply supplementary notes.

As shown in Figure 7, be programmable DC power supply architecture block diagram.Rectification circuit, by input power Ui rectification, through the processing of step-up/step-down circuit buck, obtains required voltage U m under the control of control system, and then the voltage U o that is required frequency through inverter circuit inversion under the control of control system.

Be understandable that, above about specific descriptions of the present utility model, only for being described, the utility model is not limited to the described technical scheme of the utility model embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, still can modify or be equal to replacement the utility model, to reach identical technique effect; Use needs as long as meet, all within protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims

1. a kind of electric-field sensor, is characterized in that comprising probe, video camera, laser backboard, laser gun and frame, and probe is arranged on middle part, the horizontal front side of frame; Probe comprises the vacuum chamber of transparent shell parcel, in vacuum chamber, be provided with insulating bar, survey ball and level crossing, level crossing is vertically arranged on the rear side of vacuum chamber, in the middle of level crossing, be connected with insulating bar one end, the insulating bar other end is connected with the detection ball of vacuum chamber front side, insulating bar is connected with metal wire is vertical, metal wire two ends are connected with lower wall on vacuum chamber, the housing of surveying ball below is bellows structure, corrugated tube is connected with montant charging electrode, charging electrode break-through bellows structure, upper end position is corresponding to surveying ball setting; Described laser backboard is arranged on the rear upper lateral part of frame corresponding to level crossing, laser gun is arranged on the rear side lower part of frame corresponding to probe, and video camera is arranged in the frame at laser backboard rear.

2. according to claim 1, an electric-field sensor, is characterized in that described lower housing portion front side is provided with the mobile assembled and disassembled parts that are connected with frame.

3. according to claim 1, an electric-field sensor, is characterized in that described detection ball, level crossing, insulating bar assembly center of gravity overlap with metal wire center of gravity.

4. according to claim 1, an electric-field sensor, is characterized in that the plastic ball that described detection ball is surperficial metal spraying.