CN203719771U - Spectral measurement apparatus based on elasto-optical effect - Google Patents
Spectral measurement apparatus based on elasto-optical effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN203719771U CN203719771U CN201420001690.8U CN201420001690U CN203719771U CN 203719771 U CN203719771 U CN 203719771U CN 201420001690 U CN201420001690 U CN 201420001690U CN 203719771 U CN203719771 U CN 203719771U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a spectral measurement apparatus based on elasto-optical effect, belonging to the optical measurement technical field, and comprises a first polarizing film, an elastooptic material, a second polarizing film and an optical detector successively arranged in the incident light direction, and a pressure applying device capable of applying a series of different pressure on the elastooptic material. The polarization direction of the first polarizing film is neither parallel with nor perpendicular with the optical axis direction of the elastooptic material. The utility model also discloses a spectral measurement method based on elasto-optical effect, comprising the steps of: changing the refractive index of the incident light transmitting in a medium by utilizing the elasto-optical effect so that under same external force, the phase differences between two beams of double refracted light are different after the light in different wave lengths passes through the elastooptic material, thereby changing outgoing light intensity in combination with the polarizing films; and measuring the light intensity under different external forces and solving a linear system of equations to obtain the frequency spectrum of the incident light to be detected. The spectral measurement apparatus possesses the advantages of low cost, high resolution, wide measurement scope, etc.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of spectral measurement device, relates in particular to a kind of spectral measurement device based on elasto-optical effect, belongs to field of optical measuring technologies.
Background technology
Spectrometer is research, the optical instrument of measuring wavelength, strength characteristics and the Changing Pattern thereof of optical radiation.The chromatic dispersion principle that it should be used up, diffraction principle or optical modulation principle, by the optical radiation of different wave length according to certain rule separately, form spectrum, coordinate a series of optics, precision optical machinery, electronics and computer system, realize the micrometric measurement of the wavelength of optical radiation and intensity and research.Spectrometer has the advantages such as analysis precision is high, measurement range is large, speed is fast, and nowadays its application is more and more extensive, as in astronomical sight, biological study, medical science and medical research, national defence, petrochemical complex etc.Because its important scientific research is worth, spectrometer receives people's concern more, it become Modern Scientific Instruments in an important ingredient.(referring to document [Li Quanchen, Jiang Yuejuan.Spectral instrument principle [M], Beijing; Publishing house of Beijing Institute of Technology, 1999]).
Yet, along with scientific and technical fast development, spectrometer is had higher requirement.Particularly as some special occasions such as geological and mineral exploration, micro-fluidic and spaceborne analyses, need that the wavelength coverage that spectrometer energy vibration and interference resistance is strong, spectral measurement resolution is high, measure is large, power consumption is little and can obtain fast, in real time, intuitively spectral signal, obviously, traditional spectral instrument is difficult to reach above-mentioned requirements simultaneously.For example current commercial Fourier transform spectrometer, not only volume large, to vibration sensing, measurement range mainly at infrared band, and its resolution affects by index glass moving range, is therefore unsuitable for the particular surroundingss such as field and measures; And grating spectrograph resolution is not high, price is also high (referring to document [Yang Jae-chang, et al. Micro-electro-mechanical-systems-based infrared spectrometer composed of multi-slit grating and bolometer array, Jap. J. of Appl. Phys. 47 (8), 6943-6948 (2008)]).
Therefore, for spectrometer, require it to reduce costs, in performance, can reach higher spectral resolution, simple in structure and be easy to make, by existing technology, be difficult to realization.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model be to overcome the existing cost of prior art higher, make difficulty, to technical matterss such as vibration sensing, resolution are not high, spectral measurement ranges is narrower, a kind of spectral measurement device based on elasto-optical effect is provided.
The spectral measurement device of the utility model based on elasto-optical effect, comprise the first polaroid, elastooptic mateiral, the second polaroid, the photo-detector that along incident light, set gradually, and can apply to described elastooptic mateiral the device for exerting of a series of different pressures, the polarization direction of the first polaroid and the optical axis direction of described elastooptic mateiral be not parallel also out of plumb both.
Further, described spectral measurement device also comprises the optical collimator being arranged at before the first polaroid.
Preferably, described optical collimator comprises two confocal lens, and the aperture that is arranged at common focus place between described two lens.
Further, described spectral measurement device also comprises the calculation processing unit being connected with described photodetector signal.Thereby can automatically realize spectrum recovering and result output according to the measurement result of photo-detector.
Preferably, described calculation processing unit is connected with the control end of described device for exerting, can control device for exerting institute applied pressure.
The spectral measurement method of the utility model based on elasto-optical effect, spectral measurement device described in arbitrary technical scheme more than using, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the wavelength coverage that described photo-detector can be surveyed are divided into
nindividual wavelength interval is Δ
λwavelength period,
nfor being greater than 1 integer, the centre wavelength of each wavelength period is
λ 1 ,
λ 2 ,
λ n ;
Step 2, make incident light to be measured successively by the first polaroid, elastooptic mateiral, the second polaroid, and apply by described device for exerting
nindividual different pressure, uses this
nthe value that under individual pressure, described photo-detector detects deducts respectively after neighbourhood noise, obtains one group of numerical value, is designated as
i 1 ,
i 2 ,
i n ;
Step 3, by solving following system of equations, obtain each wavelength component in incident light to be measured
λ 1 ,
λ 2 ,
λ n size
i(
λ 1 ),
i(
λ 2 ),
i(
λ n ):
In formula,
c ij (i=1,2 ... n) (j=1,2 ... n)be illustrated in
junder individual pressure, wavelength is
λ i light through with without the first polaroid, elastooptic mateiral, the second polaroid in the situation that, the value that photo-detector detects deducts respectively both ratio after neighbourhood noise, records in advance by experiment;
Step 4, right
i(
λ 1 ),
i(
λ 2 ),
i(
λ n ) carry out linear fit, and through spectral calibration, obtain the spectrum of incident light to be measured.
Preferably, utilize the method for Tikhonov regularization to solve described system of equations.
Compared to existing technology, technical solutions of the utility model and preferably and improve technical scheme and there is following beneficial effect:
1, spectral measurement device of the present utility model is easy to make, with low cost: its needed elastooptic mateiral, polaroid, photo-detector, device for exerting etc. are all very ripe products, than making other spectrometers, need the equipment of complexity, costliness, make more easily simple.
2, spectral measurement device resolution of the present utility model is high, and spectral measurement ranges is wide.
3, spectral measurement device of the present utility model can be eliminated distortion, realizes spectrum and measures in real time: the method that adopts Tikhonov regularization to solve large linear systems is restored spectrum, can eliminate distortion, realizes quick real time spectrum and restores.Meanwhile, the invalid data that the photo-detector causing due to a variety of causes collects, can make new system of equations full rank and meet solving condition by casting out the method solving equation group of these invalid datas, avoids the larger distortion of spectrum recovering.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the optical collimator structural representation shown in embodiment, wherein: 1 is two confocal lens, and 2 is aperture;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the spectral measurement device shown in embodiment; Wherein, 3 is polaroid, and 4 is elastooptic mateiral, and 5 is pressure frame, and 6 is polaroid, and 7 is photo-detector;
Fig. 3 is the incident light spectral wavelength division methods that the utility model adopts, and in figure, horizontal ordinate represents wavelength, and unit is nanometer; Ordinate is normalization spectrum intensity, and unit is the every nanometer of candela.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical solution of the utility model is elaborated:
Thinking of the present utility model is to utilize elasto-optical effect to change the refractive index of the incident light of propagating in medium, make under identical external force, the light of different wave length is different by the phase differential between two bundle birefringent lights after elastooptic mateiral, thereby in conjunction with polaroid, reaches the object that changes output intensity.By measuring the light intensity under different force, and solve the frequency spectrum that system of linear equations obtains incident light to be measured.
Elasto-optical effect refer to plastics, glass etc. noncrystal be isotropy and do not produce birefringent phenomenon under normal conditions.But when they are subject to External Force Acting, will become anisotropy and demonstrate birefringent phenomenon, birefringent degree is proportional to produced strain.
For incident light is carried out to optical shaping, in this example, first make incident light pass through an optical collimator, the structure of the optical collimator in the present embodiment as shown in Figure 1, comprise two confocal lens 1, two common focus places of lens 1 are provided with aperture 2, and incident light can change directional light into after by this optical collimator.So not only make to only have directional light just can incide this spectral measurement device, and define the width of light beam of incident light, be conducive to improve the accuracy of measuring.
The structure of spectral measurement device of the present utility model as shown in Figure 2, comprise the polaroid 3, elastooptic mateiral 4, polaroid 6, the photo-detector 7 that along incident light direction, set gradually, the not parallel and out of plumb of the optical axis direction of the polarization direction of polaroid 3 and elastooptic mateiral 4.Elastooptic mateiral 4 should have sensitiveer stress birefrin effect, and water white transparency, and nontoxic, material is even, is isotropic before stressed; In addition, also should there is higher optics, mechanics proportional limit, less initial stress and time edge effect, less optics and mechanics creep, and good processability etc., such as xylonite, glass, phenolics etc.In the present embodiment, adopt easy revolving device for exerting, as shown in Figure 2, by the knob of rotational pressure frame 5 tops, applied different pressure can to elastooptic mateiral 4.Photo-detector 7 is to be irradiated to its surperficial light intensity for measuring, and can adopt existing various photo-detector, for example modal silicon detector.In order automatically to realize numerical value collection and the calculating in spectrum recovering process, in the present embodiment, also comprise the calculation processing unit (not shown in Fig. 2) being connected with photo-detector 7 signals.
As shown in Figure 2, first incident light to be measured becomes linearly polarized light by polaroid 3, when linearly polarized light passes through elastooptic mateiral 4, due to the effect that elastooptic mateiral 4 is under pressure in a direction, has just formed the optical axis of elastooptic mateiral 4 in this direction.Incident ray polarized light is decomposed into two oscillating component o light and e light perpendicular to optical axis direction with along optical axis direction by the polarization direction of two permissions of index ellipsoid, and the two bundle polarized light directions of propagation are consistent.If stress is
p, the refractive index of establishing o light and e light is respectively
n o with
n e ,in certain range of stress,
n o- -n e with stress
pbe directly proportional
,that is:
Wherein,
cfor the material coefficient of elastooptic mateiral 4, the character of it and material is relevant.
Therefore, two polarized lights by thickness are
lthe phase differential of elastooptic mateiral 4 rear generations be:
This two-beam is incident upon again polaroid 6 after elastooptic mateiral 4, at this moment two-beam all becomes the linearly polarized light that vibration plane is parallel to polaroid 6 principal sections, thereby can pass through polaroid 6, because their wavelength are identical, there is fixing phase differential, direction of vibration is identical again, thereby can produce interference, and the result of interference is decided by their phase differential.
As the above analysis, after elastooptic mateiral 4 is determined, see through interference light intensity and lambda1-wavelength λ and the stress of polaroid 6
prelevant.Therefore, for the incident light of a certain specific wavelength, by change, be applied to the pressure on elastooptic mateiral 4, photo-detector 7 just will detect different light intensities; And for the incident light of different wave length, when elastooptic mateiral 4 is applied to identical pressure, the light intensity magnitude that photo-detector 7 detects is also different.On elastooptic mateiral 4, applied pressure is got
nwhile planting different values, photo-detector 7 just can record a series of data, and after the value that photo-detector 7 is detected is removed neighbourhood noise, resulting value is as augmented matrix; 7 wavelength coverages that can survey of photo-detector are evenly divided into
npart, the numerical value of the centre wavelength of every portion in incident light is as unknown number; Recording in advance photo-detector 7 applied pressure on elastooptic mateiral 4 gets
nduring kind different value for the detectivity of each wavelength component, and using this detectivity as matrix of coefficients.By regularization method solution matrix equation, and acquired results is carried out to linear fit, spectral calibration just can obtain treating the spectrum of photometry.Based on this principle, can obtain spectral measurement of the present utility model (spectrum recovering) method, specific as follows:
Step 1,7 wavelength coverages that can survey of described photo-detector are divided into
nindividual wavelength interval is Δ
λwavelength period,
nfor being greater than 1 integer, the centre wavelength of each wavelength period is
λ 1 ,
λ 2 ,
λ n .
As shown in Figure 3, in the measurement wavelength coverage of photo-detector 7, the curve of spectrum is evenly divided into
nsection.Whole spectrum area is just divided into a plurality of elongated rectangles by approximate, supposes that the centre wavelength of every portion is
λ 1 , λ 2 ... λ n , wavelength interval is Δ
λ,
i (λ i )(
i=1,2,
...n) be wavelength
λ i corresponding light intensity magnitude, in incident light, the corresponding light intensity of each wavelength period is the area of each little rectangle, according to infinitesimal analysis principle, total light intensity of incident light
i 0 can be approximated to be in figure the summation of each little rectangular area, the i.e. superposition of each wavelength component light intensity below curve.If represented with mathematical formulae, can be expressed as:
Step 2, make incident light to be measured successively by polaroid 3, elastooptic mateiral 4, polaroid 6, and apply by pressure frame 5
nindividual different pressure, uses this
nthe value that under individual pressure, photo-detector 7 detects deducts respectively after neighbourhood noise, obtains one group of numerical value, is designated as
i 1 ,
i 2 ,
i n .
Owing to more or less can having noise effect in measurement environment, the utility model, in order to improve the accuracy of results of spectral measurements, obtains light intensity data by actual measurement and calibrates, and deducts neighbourhood noise.For specific measurement environment, neighbourhood noise is well-determined definite value, there is no under incident light condition to be measured light intensity data in the measurement environment that photo-detector 7 detects.Photo-detector 7 is existed
nlower of individual pressure detects probe value and deducts respectively after neighbourhood noise, is designated as respectively
i 1 ,
i 2 ,
i n .
Get the giving elastooptic mateiral 4 applied pressures
jin the situation of individual value, the light intensity that photo-detector 7 measures deducts after noise light intensity again, should be:
Wherein,
c ij (i=1,2 ... n) (j=1,2 ... n)be illustrated in
junder individual pressure, wavelength is
λ i light through with without polaroid 3, elastooptic mateiral 4, polaroid 6 in the situation that, the value that photo-detector 7 detects deducts respectively both ratio after neighbourhood noise.
When giving elastooptic mateiral 4 applied pressures
nwhile planting different values, photo-detector 7 just can record a series of light intensity data, and these light intensity are expressed as to system of linear equations:
I 1 ?=?C 11 I(λ 1 )Δλ?+C 21 I(λ 2 )Δλ?+?…?+?C n1 I(λ n )Δλ，
I 2 ?=?C 12 I(λ 1 )Δλ?+C 22 I(λ 2 )Δλ?+?…?+?C n2 I(λ n )Δλ，
…
I n ?=?C 1n I(λ 1 )Δλ?+C 2n I(λ 2 )Δλ?+?…?+?C nn I(λ n )Δλ?，
Wherein,
c 11 , C 21 ... C n1 be respectively
1under individual pressure, wavelength is
λ 1 , λ 2 ... λ n light through with without polaroid 3, elastooptic mateiral 4, polaroid 6 in the situation that, the value that photo-detector 7 detects deducts respectively both ratio after neighbourhood noise.After spectral measurement device is made,
c ij be one group of definite value, can record by experiment, for example, can adopt with the following method: in darkroom, first with monochromator, generate the incident light of different wave length, the different wave length being obtained by monochromator with photo-detector 7 direct detections
λ 1 , λ 2 ... λ n light intensity; Then before photo-detector 7, place successively polaroid 3, elastooptic mateiral 4, polaroid 6, the in the situation that on elastooptic mateiral 4, applied pressure being got a certain value, the light of the different wave length that measurement is obtained by monochromator is by polaroid 3, elastooptic mateiral 4, polaroid 6, the light intensity that photo-detector 7 detects, the light intensity that the light intensity recording measures when not adding polaroid 3, elastooptic mateiral 4, polaroid 6 deducts respectively after noise light intensity both ratio, the light that is different wave length under this pressure for the detectivity of photo-detector 7
c 1j , C 2j ... C nj .Change is applied pressure on elastooptic mateiral 4, repeats above-mentioned steps, can obtain one group of data
c ij (i=1,2 ... n) (j=1,2 ... n).These group data can form matrix of coefficients
c :
Matrix of coefficients
c the intrinsic parameter of spectral measurement device, the corresponding constant matrix of coefficients of each specific spectral measurement device
c .
Step 3, by solving following system of equations, obtain each wavelength component in incident light to be measured
λ 1 ,
λ 2 ,
λ n light intensity
i(
λ 1 ),
i(
λ 2 ),
i(
λ n ).
If use matrix form
y=c
x expression, establishes
x the size of the normalization light intensity of the centre wavelength that represents every portion in incident light,
c represent the matrix of coefficients that detectivity forms, and the received corresponding light intensity of photo-detector 7 deducts after noise light intensity as augmented matrix
y , system of linear equations can be expressed as above matrix form.Solving above-mentioned system of linear equations obtains
x , and further calculate according to following formula:
Just can be in the hope of the corresponding light intensity of each wavelength component in incident light spectrum
i(
λ i ) size.
Step 4, right
i(
λ 1 ),
i(
λ 2 ),
i(
λ n ) carry out linear fit, and through spectral calibration, obtain the spectrum of incident light to be measured.
In practical devices manufacturing process, the size of device, shape, material behavior etc. may have with initial designing requirement certain deviation, but after device is carried out, photo-detector 7 is for the incident light of certain external force and certain wavelength, and its detectivity is a fixed value.As long as for the incident light of different external force and different wavelength, the detectivity of photo-detector 7 is different, just can solving equations.In solving equation group process, the light intensity that photo-detector 7 collects and be all measured value to the detectivity of different wavelengths of light.Due to reasons such as measuring error, this system of equations is real is ill-condition equation group, add in system of equations the quantity of equation more, with commonsense method is more difficult, solve, and the method that adopts Tikhonov regularization solves, this system of linear equations can be eliminated obvious distortion and the speed that solves is fast, after this solving equations, get final product to obtain normalization spectrum intensity corresponding to each wavelength of incident light, finally carry out the recovery spectrum that spectral calibration has just obtained incident light.Above computation process can utilize calculation processing unit automatically to carry out, and can further utilize calculation processing unit device for exerting institute externally applied forces to be controlled automatically simultaneously, thereby realizes automatically spectral measurement fast.
Claims (5)
1. the spectral measurement device based on elasto-optical effect, it is characterized in that, comprise the first polaroid, elastooptic mateiral, the second polaroid, the photo-detector that along incident light, set gradually, and can apply to described elastooptic mateiral the device for exerting of a series of different pressures, the polarization direction of the first polaroid and the optical axis direction of described elastooptic mateiral be not parallel also out of plumb both.
2. the spectral measurement device based on elasto-optical effect as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the optical collimator being arranged at before the first polaroid.
3. the spectral measurement device based on elasto-optical effect as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described optical collimator comprises two confocal lens, and the aperture that is arranged at common focus place between described two lens.
4. the spectral measurement device based on elasto-optical effect as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the calculation processing unit being connected with described photodetector signal.
5. the spectral measurement device based on elasto-optical effect as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described calculation processing unit is connected with the control end of described device for exerting, can control device for exerting institute applied pressure.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103759831A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-30 | 南京邮电大学 | Spectral measurement device and spectral measurement method based on elasto-optical effect |
| CN105136299A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-12-09 | 中北大学 | Novel infrared spectrum inversion method based on PEM and device thereof |
| CN107036711A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-08-11 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Multi-wavelength is combined light field on-line measurement device and measuring method |
| CN107290057A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-10-24 | 中北大学 | A kind of calibrating method for playing light modulation Fourier trasform spectroscopy |
| CN112306115A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-02 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Safety monitoring system and monitoring method of photoelastic test model |
-
2014
- 2014-01-03 CN CN201420001690.8U patent/CN203719771U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103759831A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-30 | 南京邮电大学 | Spectral measurement device and spectral measurement method based on elasto-optical effect |
| CN105136299A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-12-09 | 中北大学 | Novel infrared spectrum inversion method based on PEM and device thereof |
| CN105136299B (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2017-07-18 | 中北大学 | A kind of new infrared spectra inversion method and its device based on PEM |
| CN107036711A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-08-11 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Multi-wavelength is combined light field on-line measurement device and measuring method |
| CN107290057A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-10-24 | 中北大学 | A kind of calibrating method for playing light modulation Fourier trasform spectroscopy |
| CN107290057B (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-08-31 | 中北大学 | A kind of calibrating method playing light modulation Fourier trasform spectroscopy |
| CN112306115A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-02 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Safety monitoring system and monitoring method of photoelastic test model |
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Assignee: Jiangsu Nanyou IOT Technology Park Ltd. Assignor: Nanjing Post & Telecommunication Univ. Contract record no.: 2016320000209 Denomination of utility model: Spectral measurement device and spectral measurement method based on elasto-optical effect Granted publication date: 20140716 License type: Common License Record date: 20161111 |
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Assignee: Jiangsu Nanyou IOT Technology Park Ltd. Assignor: Nanjing Post & Telecommunication Univ. Contract record no.: 2016320000209 Date of cancellation: 20180116 |
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