CN112306115A - Safety monitoring system and monitoring method of photoelastic test model - Google Patents
Safety monitoring system and monitoring method of photoelastic test model Download PDFInfo
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- CN112306115A CN112306115A CN202011254557.XA CN202011254557A CN112306115A CN 112306115 A CN112306115 A CN 112306115A CN 202011254557 A CN202011254557 A CN 202011254557A CN 112306115 A CN112306115 A CN 112306115A
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- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D19/00—Control of mechanical oscillations, e.g. of amplitude, of frequency, of phase
- G05D19/02—Control of mechanical oscillations, e.g. of amplitude, of frequency, of phase characterised by the use of electric means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a safety monitoring system and a monitoring method of a photoelastic test model. The system comprises a temperature control device, a centrifugal loading device and a temperature control module, wherein the temperature control device comprises a box body, the centrifugal loading device is arranged in the box body and used for installing a photoelastic test model, and the temperature control module is used for controlling the temperature change in the box body; the power device is used for driving the centrifugal loading device to rotate so as to drive the photoelastic test model to do centrifugal rotation motion; the vibration measuring instrument is used for detecting the vibration amplitude of the photoelastic test model; controlling the operation of the power device according to the amplitude value detected by the vibration measuring instrument: if the vibration value is smaller than the preset amplitude threshold value, increasing the output power of the power device until the highest rotation speed set by the test; and if the vibration value is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold value, reducing the output power of the power device or performing emergency braking. The safety monitoring system not only avoids abnormal fracture of the photoelastic test model, but also improves the safety of the safety monitoring system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aerospace, in particular to a safety monitoring system and a monitoring method of a photoelastic test model.
Background
In the field of aerospace at present, stress distribution of test pieces such as turbine discs and the like obtained by adopting photoelastic tests is an important technical means for evaluating working stress in product prototype design, and plays an important role in product design strength analysis. The photoelastic test object is a photoelastic model, and the photosensitive resin model can be applied to a photoelastic test and is used for developing a photoelastic rotation test of the whole turbine disk.
In the photoelastic test process of the prior art, the following problems generally exist: (1) when the test rotating speed exceeds the vicinity of the rotating speeds of 2200 rpm and 2700 rpm, the failure of abnormal fracture of the photoelastic test model occurs for a plurality of times; (2) the photoelastic test model is abnormally broken in the test process, and at present, no safety monitoring method suitable for the whole turbine disk in the rotating state exists, so that the problem of abnormal breakage of the model in the photoelastic test process is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a safety monitoring system and a monitoring method of a photoelastic test model, which aim to solve the technical problem that the existing photoelastic test model is cracked due to resonance in the test process.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a photoelastic test safety monitoring system, comprising:
the temperature control device comprises a box body, a centrifugal loading device and a temperature control module, wherein the centrifugal loading device is arranged in the box body and used for installing a photoelastic test model, and the temperature control module is used for controlling the temperature change in the box body;
the power device is used for driving the centrifugal loading device to rotate so as to drive the photoelastic test model to do centrifugal rotation motion;
the vibration measuring instrument is used for detecting the vibration amplitude of the photoelastic test model;
controlling the operation of the power device according to the amplitude value detected by the vibration measuring instrument: if the vibration value is smaller than a preset amplitude threshold value, increasing the output power of the power device until the highest rotation speed set by a test; and if the vibration value is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold value, reducing the output power of the power device or performing emergency braking.
Furthermore, power device includes power supply and transmission shaft, the input of transmission shaft passes through the transmission bearing and is connected with the power supply, and the output is connected with centrifugal loading device for drive centrifugal loading device is rotatory in order to drive photoelasticity test model centrifugation rotary motion.
Further, the power device also comprises a rotating speed control box used for controlling the power source to operate, and the rotating speed control box comprises a rotating speed control unit and an HMI control interface;
the system also comprises an emergency braking device provided with a handle and used for controlling the power device to brake emergently; and the emergency braking device is in communication connection with the rotating speed control unit, and when the amplitude value detected by the vibration measuring instrument suddenly changes or is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold value, a handle of the emergency braking device is manually knocked down so as to control the power source to perform emergency braking.
Further, the vibration measuring instrument comprises a processing unit, a control unit and an acceleration sensor arranged on a bearing cover of the transmission bearing, wherein the control unit and the acceleration sensor are in communication connection with the processing unit, the acceleration sensor is used for collecting vibration amplitude of the bearing cover of the transmission bearing in real time, the vibration amplitude of the bearing cover corresponds to the vibration amplitude of the photoelastic test model, the processing unit is used for comparing a detection value of the acceleration sensor with a preset vibration threshold value, and the control unit is used for controlling the running state of the power source according to a comparison result of the processing unit.
Further, the vibration measuring instrument further comprises an analog-to-digital conversion unit, which is used for converting the current analog information or the voltage analog information collected by the acceleration sensor into an amplitude corresponding to the vibration of the centrifugal loading device.
Further, the temperature control device further comprises a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the box body in real time, the temperature sensor is in communication connection with the temperature control module, and the temperature control module is used for adjusting the temperature in the box body according to the detection result of the temperature sensor.
Further, the system also comprises a control device, wherein the control device is in linkage control with the temperature control device, the power device and the vibration measuring instrument respectively, and the control device comprises a PLC/PLM programmable controller or a single chip microcomputer.
Further, the photoelastic test model is a photosensitive resin model;
the amplitude threshold of the photosensitive resin model is preset according to physical properties of a material and/or according to the position of a safety monitoring point of the photosensitive resin model.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a monitoring method of a photoelastic test model, comprising: adopt foretell photoelasticity test safety monitoring system includes:
s101, respectively initializing a vibration measuring instrument, a power device and a temperature control device; presetting an amplitude threshold of the photoelastic test model; then the photoelastic test model is installed on a centrifugal loading device of the temperature control device;
s102, controlling the temperature in the box body of the temperature control device according to a preset temperature control curve of the temperature control device until the photoelastic test model reaches a freezing temperature control stage, and respectively starting a vibration measuring instrument and a power device;
s103, controlling the running state of the power device according to the amplitude detected by the vibration measuring instrument:
if the vibration value is smaller than the preset amplitude threshold value, increasing the output power of the power device until the highest rotation speed set by the test; (ii) a And if the vibration value is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold value, reducing the output power of the power device or performing emergency braking.
Further, the photoelastic test model is a photosensitive resin model, and the amplitude threshold is set to [0.8g, 1.5g ];
the step of mounting the photosensitive resin mold on the centrifugal loading device further comprises, before the step of mounting the photosensitive resin mold on the centrifugal loading device:
s201, detecting a safety monitoring point or a safety monitoring position area with the best temperature control sensitivity in the photosensitive resin model;
s202, placing a temperature sensor for acquiring the temperature of the corresponding safety monitoring point or the temperature of the safety monitoring position area according to the confirmed safety monitoring point or the safety monitoring position area.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the photoelastic test safety monitoring system, the power device and the temperature control device are in linkage control with the vibration measuring instrument, so that a centrifugal rotation speed and temperature based on a photoelastic test model and an amplitude feedback loop loaded on the photoelastic test model for vibration are formed. The output power of the temperature control module and the output power of the power device are controlled through the amplitude value acquired by the vibration measuring instrument, so that the amplitude of centrifugal rotation motion of the photoelastic test model is adjusted, abnormal breakage of the photoelastic test model is avoided, and the safety of a safety system can be improved.
In addition, the photoelastic test monitoring method provided by the invention also has the advantages.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a framework of a photoelastic test safety monitoring system in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photoelastic test safety monitoring system in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a temperature control curve of a photosensitive resin mold in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the framework of the rotation speed control box in the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frame of a temperature control device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a framework of a control device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a flow chart diagram of a monitoring method in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of another embodiment of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. a temperature control device; 2. a box body; 3. a centrifugal loading device; 4. a temperature control module; 5. a power plant; 6. a vibration measuring instrument; 7. a power source; 8. a drive shaft; 9. a rotating speed control box; 10. a rotational speed control unit; 11. HMI control interface; 12. an emergency braking device; 13. a processing unit; 14. a control unit; 15. an acceleration sensor; 16. an analog-to-digital conversion unit; 17. a temperature sensor; 18. a control device; 19. a centrifugal reversing mechanism; 20. a fixed mount; 21. and a test model mounting unit.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a photoelastic test safety monitoring system, including:
the temperature control device 1 comprises a box body 2, a centrifugal loading device 3 arranged in the box body 2 and used for installing a photoelastic test model, and a temperature control module 4 used for controlling temperature change in the box body 2;
the power device 5 is used for driving the centrifugal loading device 3 to rotate so as to drive the photoelastic test model to do centrifugal rotation motion;
the vibration measuring instrument 6 is used for detecting the vibration amplitude of the photoelastic test model;
controlling the operation of the power device 5 according to the amplitude value detected by the vibration measuring instrument 6: if the vibration value is smaller than the preset amplitude threshold value, increasing the output power of the power device 5 until the highest rotation speed set by the test; if the vibration value is greater than or equal to the predetermined amplitude threshold value, the output power of the power plant 5 is reduced or emergency braking is performed.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the photoelastic test model is a photosensitive resin model, and the maximum rotation speed set in the test is 2700 rpm. The photosensitive resin mold is mounted on the centrifugal loading device 3 of the temperature control device 1 and moves along with the rotation of the centrifugal loading device 3. The photosensitive resin mold is manufactured by a laser rapid prototyping technology, wherein the patent application number 201710561225.8 is an alternative manufacturing method in the prior art. And when the photosensitive resin model reaches the preset freezing temperature control temperature, applying a load, slowly cooling to room temperature, and unloading. The threshold value N of the amplitude of the photosensitive resin model is set to be N epsilon [0.8g, 1.5g ], and the threshold value range is set according to the physical properties (such as the density of the material and the shape of the material) of the material and/or the position area or the position point of the safety monitoring point and the material strength and stress deformation corresponding to the position area or the position point, so that the safety monitoring precision of the whole system is improved. Preferably, in order to improve the safety monitoring precision, the position area or the position point of the safety monitoring point is kept as the same confirmation point in the test process, and the position of the monitoring point cannot be changed.
Of course, in other embodiments, the photoelastic test model may be selected from other photosensitive materials, such as epoxy, etc.
Further, temperature control device 1 includes box 2, sets up centrifugal loading device 3 and temperature control module 4 in the box 2, and centrifugal loading device 3 is used for installing the photoelasticity test model, and temperature control module 4 is according to the temperature control curve correspondence control box 2 in photosensitive resin model's the temperature variation that temperature control device 1 predetermines. As shown in fig. 3, the temperature control curve is a function curve T ═ f (T) of temperature and time of the photosensitive resin model based on the rotational freezing, and a temperature control program is prepared according to the function curve T ═ f (T). And during testing, automatically operating a temperature control program according to the temperature control curve. Optionally, the temperature control curve is obtained by calculation according to a preset temperature control algorithm, or obtained by numerous trial and error tests of the tester. In order to improve the overall safety monitoring precision of the system, the more sample test data is collected during the test, the higher the precision of the obtained temperature control curve is.
In the preferred embodiment, the amplitude value acquired by the vibration measuring instrument 6 in real time is N (t) (where t is time), and if the vibration value N (t) detected by the vibration measuring instrument 6 is greater than or equal to the preset amplitude threshold value N ∈ [0.8g, 1.5g ], the output power or emergency braking of the power device 5 is reduced.
In the preferred embodiment, the temperature value in the temperature control device 1 is adjusted by secondary temperature control. Specifically, the operation of the temperature control module 4 and the operation of the power device 5 are respectively controlled according to the amplitude value detected by the vibration measuring instrument 6: if the vibration value is greater than or equal to the preset amplitude threshold value, the vibration measuring instrument 6 controls the temperature control module 4 to reduce the temperature value of 3-5 degrees in the box body 2; the test continues, and if the vibration value is greater than or equal to the preset amplitude threshold for the second time, the output power of the power device 5 is reduced or emergency braking is performed.
In other embodiments, the vibration measuring device 6 controls the power device 5 to reduce the output power or to emergency brake if the vibration value is greater than or equal to a predetermined amplitude threshold value.
In the photoelastic test safety monitoring system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power device 5 and the temperature control device 1 are both in linkage control with the vibration measuring instrument 6, so as to form an amplitude feedback loop based on the centrifugal rotation rate and temperature of the photoelastic test model and the vibration loaded on the photoelastic test model. The output power of the temperature control module 4 and the output power of the power device 5 are controlled through the amplitude value acquired by the vibration measuring instrument 6, so that the amplitude of centrifugal rotation motion of the photoelastic test model is adjusted, abnormal breakage of the photoelastic test model is avoided, and the safety of a safety monitoring system can be improved.
Further, power device 5 includes power supply 7 and transmission shaft 8, and the input of transmission shaft 8 passes through the transmission bearing and is connected with power supply 7, and the output is connected with centrifugal loading device 3 for drive centrifugal loading device 3 is rotatory in order to drive photoelasticity test model centrifugation rotary motion.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the photoelastic test model is a photosensitive resin model. The power source 7 can be selected from high-precision driving devices such as a stepping motor, a servo motor and the like. The output end of the power source 7 is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft 8 through a transmission bearing, and the transmission bearing is arranged on a transmission bearing support. The output end of the transmission shaft 8 is connected with the centrifugal loading device 3, and the power source 7 drives the photosensitive resin model to do centrifugal rotation motion, so that the stress distribution of the photosensitive resin model under the action of applying the rotary centrifugal load is detected. In this embodiment, the transmission shaft 8 and the photosensitive resin mold are rotated centrifugally in the same direction and in the same direction.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the power plant 5 further includes a rotation speed control box 9 for controlling the operation of the power source 7, the rotation speed control box 9 including a rotation speed control unit 10 and an HMI control interface 11;
the system also comprises an emergency brake device 12 provided with a handle and used for controlling the power device 5 to brake emergently; the emergency brake device 12 is connected to the rotation speed control unit 10 in communication, and when the amplitude value detected by the vibration measuring instrument 6 suddenly changes (for example, pulse vibration value) or is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold value, a handle of the emergency brake device is manually tapped to control the power source 7 to brake emergently.
In particular, the HMI control interface 11 is an automated human machine control interface. The HMI control interface 11 is provided with a plurality of control keys, and the HMI control interface 11 is in communication connection with the emergency braking device 12 through the rotating speed control unit 10 and used for manual starting or closing, so that the linkage control of the power device 5, the emergency braking device 12, the vibration measuring instrument 6 and the temperature control device 1 is realized.
The system further comprises an emergency braking device 12, the emergency braking device 12 is in communication connection with the rotating speed control unit 10, when the amplitude value detected by the vibration measuring instrument 6 is larger than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold value, in order to avoid the photoelastic test model from breaking, a handle of the emergency braking device 12 is manually knocked down, emergency braking of the power source 7 is controlled, the photoelastic test model stops rotating, and the test is stopped.
Further, the vibration measuring instrument 6 comprises a processing unit 13, a control unit 14 and an acceleration sensor 15 arranged on a bearing cover of the transmission bearing, wherein the control unit 14 and the acceleration sensor 15 are both in communication connection with the processing unit 13, the acceleration sensor 15 is used for collecting the vibration amplitude of the bearing cover of the transmission bearing in real time, the vibration amplitude of the bearing cover corresponds to the vibration amplitude of the photoelastic test model, the processing unit 13 is used for comparing the detection value of the acceleration sensor 15 with a preset vibration threshold value, and the control unit 14 is used for controlling the running state of the power source 7 according to the comparison result of the processing unit 13.
It should be noted that the output power of the power source 7 corresponds to the rotational frequency of the propeller shaft 8. The output end of the transmission shaft 8 is in transmission connection with the photoelastic test model. The acceleration sensor 15 is arranged on a bearing cover of the transmission bearing, and the transmission shaft 8 generates vibration frequency and amplitude in the rotating process, and the amplitude corresponds to the vibration frequency and amplitude generated by the photoelastic test model in the rotating process. In the scheme, the amplitude of the photoelastic test model is correspondingly monitored by monitoring the amplitude of the bearing cover of the transmission bearing.
Specifically, the acceleration sensor 15 collects a bearing cap vibration signal of the transmission bearing in real time, and the amplitude of the bearing cap vibration corresponds to the amplitude of the photoelastic test model. The acceleration sensor 15 sends the acquired vibration signal of the amplitude to the processing unit 13 for processing and calculation.
It is understood that the photoelastic test model is a photosensitive resin model. The allowable vibration amplitude range of the photosensitive resin models with different structures or the allowable vibration amplitude of the highest rotating speed in different tests. The larger the maximum rotation speed value of the rotation test is, the larger the allowable vibration amplitude is. The processing unit 13 also includes an arithmetic processing unit and a storage unit. The acceleration sensor 15 sends the amplitude N (t) (where t is time) of the acquired vibration signal to the processing unit 13, and the processing unit 13 compares the amplitude N (t) acquired in real time with an amplitude threshold value N ∈ [0.8g, 1.5g ] to determine whether N (t) is within the numerical range of N. If yes, storing the acquired amplitude value in a storage unit for periodic sample data monitoring; if not, a control signal is sent to the control unit 14, and the operating state of the power source 7 is controlled by the control unit 14. The operating state includes increasing or decreasing the output power of the power source 7, or emergency braking, and suspension of the test.
Further, the vibration measuring instrument 6 further includes an analog-to-digital conversion unit 16 for converting the current analog signal or the voltage analog signal collected by the acceleration sensor 15 into an amplitude corresponding to the vibration of the centrifugal loading device 3.
In this embodiment, the analog-to-digital conversion unit 16 converts the acquired analog signal corresponding to the amplitude value into an amplitude value signal, or converts the amplitude value signal into an analog signal corresponding to the amplitude. The analog signal can be selected from a current analog signal of 0-0.5 mA or a voltage analog signal of 0-10V; the acceleration sensor 15 collects vibration signals corresponding to the photoelastic test model, the vibration signals are converted through the analog-to-digital conversion unit 16, then the control signals of current or voltage are sent to the control unit 14 through the operation of the processing unit 13, the control unit 14 controls the output power of the power source 7 (photoelastic test model) to adapt to the rotating speed of the photoelastic test model, the photoelastic test model is prevented from being broken, and the overall safety factor of the safety monitoring system is improved.
As shown in fig. 5, further, the temperature control device 1 further includes a temperature sensor 17 for detecting the temperature in the box 2 in real time, the temperature sensor 17 is in communication connection with the temperature control module 4, and the temperature control module 4 is configured to adjust the temperature in the box 2 according to a detection result of the temperature sensor 17.
Specifically, the temperature control device 1 comprises a temperature sensor 17 for detecting the temperature in the box 2 of the temperature control device 1 in real time, and the temperature sensor 17 and the acceleration sensor 15 are both in communication connection with the processing unit 13 to realize the linkage control of the power device 5, the temperature control device 1 and the vibration measuring instrument 6 of the vibration measuring instrument.
Preferably, the temperature sensor 17 is arranged at a position close to the photoelastic test model, so that the detection accuracy is improved. The temperature sensor 17 is in communication connection with the temperature control module 4, and the temperature sensor 17 and the temperature control module 4 are in communication connection with the processing unit 13 of the vibration measuring instrument 6 respectively. The temperature sensor 17 detects and collects temperature signals in the temperature control device 1 in real time, and then sends the collected temperature signals to the processing unit 13 for operation. If the temperature value in the box body 2 of the temperature control device 1 deviates from the preset temperature control curve, the processing unit 13 sends a control signal to the temperature control module 4 to adjust the temperature in the box body 2 to the range of the temperature control curve.
Further, the amplitude value N (t) detected by the acceleration sensor 15 is greater than the amplitude threshold value N, the processing unit 13 controls the power source 7 to perform emergency braking, the processing unit 13 sends a control signal to the temperature control module 4, the temperature control module 4 stops operating the temperature control program, and the temperature in the box body 2 is slowly released to the initial temperature.
As shown in fig. 6, as another embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a control device 18, the control device 18 is respectively linked with the temperature control device 1, the power device 5, and the vibration measuring instrument 6, and the control device 18 includes a PLC/PLM programmable controller or a single chip microcomputer.
It will be appreciated that in the preferred embodiment described above, the processing unit 13 of the vibration measuring apparatus 6 functions like a programmable controller, but the cost of this type of vibration measuring apparatus 6 is high and the control accuracy is yet to be perfected. In this embodiment, the system includes a control device 18, and the control device 18 may be a PLC/PLM programmable controller or a single chip microcomputer. The control device 18 is in linkage control with the temperature control device 1, the power device 5 and the vibration measuring instrument 6 through the Ethernet or other Internet of things.
In the embodiment of the invention, the photoelastic test model is a photosensitive resin model, and the amplitude threshold of the photosensitive resin model is preset according to the physical property of the material and/or the position of a safety monitoring point of the photosensitive resin model.
It is understood that the amplitude threshold N is a physical property of the material. The photoelastic test models are made of different materials and have different amplitude threshold values N. Further, the amplitude threshold N is related to the shape of the material and the location area or location point of the safety monitoring point corresponding to the shape, and the different location areas or location points are completely different from each other in the degree of temperature, vibration frequency, amplitude and light sensitivity. In order to improve the overall safety monitoring precision of the system, a position area or a position point with the highest temperature, vibration frequency, amplitude and light sensitivity is selected as the position area or the position point for safety monitoring. In the test process, the monitoring position cannot be changed.
As shown in fig. 2, further, the centrifugal loading device 3 includes a centrifugal reversing mechanism 19, a fixing frame 20 for fixing and positioning with the temperature control device 1, at least one test model mounting unit 21, and a vertical shaft connecting the centrifugal reversing mechanism 19 and the test model mounting unit 21, wherein the fixing frame 20 is located between the test model mounting unit 21 and the centrifugal reversing mechanism 19;
the centrifugal reversing mechanism 19 is used for converting the output power of the transmission shaft 8 into power for driving the test model mounting unit 21 to do centrifugal rotation movement in the horizontal direction, and the test model mounting unit 21 is used for clamping the corresponding photoelastic test model.
In this embodiment, the centrifugal reversing mechanism 19 is a transmission bevel gear that meshes with each other, and converts the output power of the transmission shaft 8 into power that drives the test model mounting unit 21 to rotate in the horizontal direction.
When the temperature control device is installed, the fixing frame 20 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the box body 2 of the temperature control device 1. One end of the vertical shaft is connected with the output end of the transmission bevel gear, and the other end of the vertical shaft penetrates through the fixing frame 20 and then is fixedly connected with the center of the test model mounting unit 21. The whole turbine disk is mounted and clamped on the corresponding test model mounting unit 21, a gap larger than 10mm is reserved between the turbine disk and the inner wall of the box body 2 of the temperature control device 1, and the centrifugal loading device 3 is surrounded by a wire mesh to form a safety protection device.
As shown in fig. 7, based on the photoelastic test safety monitoring system in the foregoing embodiment, a preferred embodiment of the present invention further provides a monitoring method of the photoelastic test safety monitoring system, including:
s101, respectively initializing the vibration measuring instrument 6, the power device 5 and the temperature control device 1; presetting an amplitude threshold of the photoelastic test model; then the photoelastic test model is arranged on a centrifugal loading device 3 of the temperature control device 1;
in this embodiment, the photoelastic test model is a photosensitive resin model. The amplitude threshold of the photosensitive resin model is set according to the material property of the photosensitive resin model, the selected safety monitoring position area or position point. And then the photosensitive resin model is arranged on a centrifugal loading device 3 of the temperature control device 1.
S102, controlling the temperature in the box body 2 of the temperature control device 1 according to a preset temperature control curve of the temperature control device 1 until the photoelasticity test model reaches a freezing temperature control stage, and respectively starting the vibration measuring instrument 6 and the power device 5;
in the present embodiment, specifically, a temperature control curve of the temperature control device 1, which is a function curve of time and temperature, is preset according to the photosensitive resin model. The temperature control curve comprises a temperature rise and control stage, a freezing and control stage and a heat preservation and control stage; and when the photosensitive resin model reaches the freezing temperature control stage, starting the vibration measuring instrument 6 and the power device 5, applying a rotary centrifugal load, and analyzing the stress distribution. And entering a heat preservation and temperature control stage according to preset rotation centrifugation time, and acquiring more test data to enable the test sample data to be more complete.
S103, controlling the operation state of the power unit 5 according to the amplitude detected by the vibration measuring instrument 6:
if the vibration value is smaller than the preset amplitude threshold value, increasing the output power of the power device 5 until the highest rotation speed set by the test; if the vibration value is greater than or equal to the predetermined amplitude threshold value, the output power of the power plant 5 is reduced or emergency braking is performed. In this example, the maximum rotational speed set for the test was 2700 rpm.
In the preferred embodiment, the temperature value in the temperature control device 1 is adjusted by secondary temperature control. Specifically, the operation of the temperature control module 4 and the operation of the power device 5 are respectively controlled according to the amplitude value detected by the vibration measuring instrument 6; if the vibration value is greater than or equal to the preset amplitude threshold value, the vibration measuring instrument 6 controls the temperature control module 4 to reduce the temperature value of 3-5 degrees in the box body 2; the test continues, and if the vibration value is greater than or equal to the preset amplitude threshold for the second time, the output power of the power device 5 is reduced or emergency braking is performed.
As shown in fig. 8, in this embodiment, as a further improvement of the above technical solution, the photoelastic test model is a photosensitive resin model, and the amplitude threshold is set to [0.8g, 1.5g ];
the step of mounting the photosensitive resin mold to the centrifugal loading device 3 further comprises the following steps:
s201, detecting a safety monitoring point or a safety monitoring position area with the best temperature control sensitivity in the photosensitive resin model;
s202, according to the confirmed safety monitoring point or the safety monitoring position area, a temperature sensor 17 used for collecting the temperature of the corresponding safety monitoring point or the temperature of the safety monitoring position area is arranged.
It can be understood that the working principle and the working process of each device in the safety monitoring method of the photoelastic test model of this embodiment correspond to the contents of the system embodiment described above, and therefore are not described herein again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A photoelastic test safety monitoring system, comprising:
the temperature control device comprises a box body, a centrifugal loading device and a temperature control module, wherein the centrifugal loading device is arranged in the box body and used for installing a photoelastic test model, and the temperature control module is used for controlling the temperature change in the box body;
the power device is used for driving the centrifugal loading device to rotate so as to drive the photoelastic test model to do centrifugal rotation motion;
the vibration measuring instrument is used for detecting the vibration amplitude of the photoelastic test model;
controlling the operation of the power device according to the amplitude value detected by the vibration measuring instrument: if the vibration value is smaller than a preset amplitude threshold value, increasing the output power of the power device until the highest rotation speed set by a test; and if the vibration value is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold value, reducing the output power of the power device or performing emergency braking.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the power device comprises a power source and a transmission shaft, an input end of the transmission shaft is connected with the power source through a transmission bearing, and an output end of the transmission shaft is connected with the centrifugal loading device and is used for driving the centrifugal loading device to rotate so as to drive the photoelastic test model to rotate centrifugally.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the power plant further comprises a speed control box for controlling operation of the power source, the speed control box including a speed control unit and an HMI control interface;
the system also comprises an emergency braking device provided with a handle and used for controlling the power device to brake emergently; and the emergency braking device is in communication connection with the rotating speed control unit, and when the amplitude value detected by the vibration measuring instrument suddenly changes or is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold value, a handle of the emergency braking device is manually knocked down so as to control the power source to perform emergency braking.
4. The system of claim 2, wherein the vibration measuring instrument comprises a processing unit, a control unit and an acceleration sensor arranged on a bearing cap of the transmission bearing, the control unit and the acceleration sensor are both in communication connection with the processing unit, the acceleration sensor is used for acquiring the vibration amplitude of the bearing cap of the transmission bearing in real time, the vibration amplitude of the bearing cap corresponds to the vibration amplitude of the photoelastic test model, the processing unit is used for comparing the detection value of the acceleration sensor with a preset vibration threshold value, and the control unit is used for controlling the running state of the power source according to the comparison result of the processing unit.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the vibration measuring instrument further comprises an analog-to-digital conversion unit for converting the current analog information or the voltage analog information collected by the acceleration sensor into an amplitude corresponding to the vibration of the centrifugal loading device.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the temperature control device further comprises a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the tank in real time, the temperature sensor is in communication with the temperature control module, and the temperature control module is configured to adjust the temperature in the tank according to the detection result of the temperature sensor.
7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a control device, wherein the control device is in linkage control with the temperature control device, the power device and the vibration measuring instrument respectively, and the control device comprises a PLC/PLM programmable controller or a single chip microcomputer.
8. The system of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the photoelastic test model is a photosensitive resin model;
the amplitude threshold of the photosensitive resin model is preset according to physical properties of a material and/or according to the position of a safety monitoring point of the photosensitive resin model.
9. A monitoring method of a photoelastic test safety monitoring system using the photoelastic test safety monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
s101, respectively initializing a vibration measuring instrument, a power device and a temperature control device; presetting an amplitude threshold of the photoelastic test model; then the photoelastic test model is installed on a centrifugal loading device of the temperature control device;
s102, controlling the temperature in the box body of the temperature control device according to a preset temperature control curve of the temperature control device until the photoelastic test model reaches a freezing temperature control stage, and respectively starting a vibration measuring instrument and a power device;
s103, controlling the running state of the power device according to the amplitude detected by the vibration measuring instrument:
if the vibration value is smaller than a preset amplitude threshold value, increasing the output power of the power device until the highest rotation speed set by a test; and if the vibration value is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold value, reducing the output power of the power device or performing emergency braking.
10. The monitoring method of claim 9, wherein the photoelastic test model is a photosensitive resin model, and the amplitude threshold is set to [0.8g, 1.5g ];
the step of mounting the photosensitive resin mold to the centrifugal loading device further comprises, before the step of mounting the photosensitive resin mold to the centrifugal loading device:
s201, detecting a safety monitoring point or a safety monitoring position area with the best temperature control sensitivity in the photosensitive resin model;
s202, placing a temperature sensor for acquiring the temperature of the corresponding safety monitoring point or the temperature of the safety monitoring position area according to the confirmed safety monitoring point or the safety monitoring position area.
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