Background technology
Compose in the space of the soil body and the crack of rock mass and have a large amount of underground water, underground water to be embedded among the Rock And Soil or on underground structure or hollow formula structure can produce uplift pressure, for example place the underground structure of foundation ditch, if the deadweight of underground structure less than underground water to its generation to buoyancy the time, arch or rising phenomenon will occur in underground structure, so that underground structure cracking and infiltration affect the normal use of underground structure.In recent years, in a large number with the construction of the underground structures such as high-rise building, underground garage, sunk type square, subway and underground store of basement, thereby so that the anti-floating problem of underground structure seems very outstanding.
Discharge structure is a kind of technical measures that directly, effectively are used for the underground structure anti-floating, particularly be positioned at area, mountain region and buried underground underground structure, because reaching the water level of the underground water in the peripheral Rock And Soil below the underground structure not at same elevation, the anti-floating of the underground structure water level of setting up defences is difficult to accurately determine, under this situation, adopt discharge structure then can well solve this difficult problem.
In the prior art, the general employing oozed the drainage blanket structure as the discharge structure of underground structure anti-floating, it is abundanter that this discharge structure is applicable to underground water, and soil layer belongs to the strong sand soil ground of water permeability, it oozes drainage blanket by arranging below underground structure bottom plate, this oozes drainage blanket and is comprised of coarse sand filtration beds and header, like this, the underground water that infiltrates in the header imports collecting well again, and then the using pump pump drainage is to outside.This discharge structure adopts the mode of forced drainage, can not realize underground water gravity flow discharge, and maintenance cost is higher, and the scope of application is little.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to be provided for the blind drainage structure of underground structure anti-floating, is intended to solve discharge structure of the prior art and can only adopts the forced drainage mode, be difficult to the problem that realizes that underground water gravity flow mode is discharged so that maintenance cost is higher and the scope of application is little.
The utility model is to realize like this, the blind drainage structure that is used for the underground structure anti-floating, described underground structure places foundation ditch, and leave the space between the described foundation ditch, described blind drainage structure comprises the latticed french drain that places under the described underground structure bottom plate, place side french drain between described outer wall of underground structure and the described foundation pit side-wall, place described side french drain header, place described side french drain end and the collecting well that is connected with described header and place underground structure outside and be connected with described collecting well from overflow lip.
Further, be provided with many described headers in the described side french drain, described many headers are buried underground along described foundation ditch different depth position place.
Further, be provided with two headers in the described side french drain, be respectively and place underground water anti-floating the set up defences upper header at water level place and the lower header that places described upper header below.
Further, described lower header be in that the deadweight of underground structure in the described side french drain and underground water produces to the suitable elevation of buoyancy.
Further, described latticed french drain comprises the latticed groove in the ground of being located under the described underground structure bottom plate and fills the first coarse sand rubble drainage layer in described latticed groove.
Further, described the first coarse sand rubble drainage layer comprise the first geotextile of being attached at described latticed trench wall, place described the first geotextile and the first coarse sand rubble of being coated by described the first geotextile and cover on described the first geotextile every the slurry layer.
Further, described latticed french drain comprises the vertical french drain of a plurality of vertical alternate layouts and a plurality of horizontal alternate layout and the horizontal french drain that intersects with described a plurality of vertical french drains.
Further, described side french drain comprise be attached at described foundation pit walls and be layed in the second geotextile of pit backfill soil bottom and be filled in described outer wall of underground structure with described foundation pit walls between the space in and by the second coarse sand rubble drainage layer of described the second geotextile coating.
Further, be provided with the manhole that is communicated with described upper header in the described side french drain.
Compared with prior art, the blind drainage structure that the utility model provides, it utilizes latticed french drain and side french drain, underground water in the following foundation soil of underground structure is connected with the side french drain, underground water in the underground structure periphery Rock And Soil imports in the side french drain, underground water drains in the collecting well via the header in the side french drain again, drain into the underground structure outside by will be higher than the set up defences underground water of water level of anti-floating from overflow lip at last, whole drainage procedure, realize that fully underground water is from streamed, like this, can greatly save construction investment and the maintenance cost between the operating period, in addition, when emergency occurs, also can in collecting well and manhole, carry out forced drainage by pump, can realize the Suresh Kumar draining.
The specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explaining the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.
The utility model provides the blind drainage structure that is used for the underground structure anti-floating, described underground structure places foundation ditch, and leave the space between the described foundation ditch, described blind drainage structure comprises the latticed french drain that places under the described underground structure bottom plate, place side french drain between described outer wall of underground structure and the described foundation pit side-wall, place described side french drain header, place described side french drain end and the collecting well that is connected with described header and place underground structure outside and be connected with described collecting well from overflow lip.
Blind drainage structure in the utility model can realize the gravity flow draining, underground water under the underground structure is respectively via latticed french drain, side french drain, header and collecting well, sets up defences the ground water discharge of water level to underground structure by will be higher than anti-floating from overflow lip at last.
Below in conjunction with concrete accompanying drawing realization of the present utility model is described in detail.
Shown in Fig. 1 ~ 3, a preferred embodiment that provides for the utility model.
Underground structure 2 in the present embodiment places foundation ditch 3, namely first at below ground excavation pit 3, and the underground structure 2 of in foundation ditch 3, constructing again, and leave the space between the underground structure 2 after forming and the foundation ditch 3.
Blind drainage structure 1 in the present embodiment is used for discharging the following underground water that reaches peripheral Rock And Soil of underground structure 2 base plates, so that the buoyancy that makes progress that structure 2 produces under the Groundwater is less than underground structure 2 deadweights, play the effect of underground structure 2 anti-floatings, thereby avoid underground structure 2 that the phenomenon that floating is consequently damaged underground structure 2 and superstructure occurs.
Blind drainage structure 1 in above-mentioned comprises the latticed french drain 11 that is arranged on underground structure 2 base plates 22 following foundation ditches 3 bottoms, be arranged on side french drain 12 between underground structure 2 exterior walls 21 and foundation ditch 3 sidewalls 31, be embedded in header in the side french drain 12, the collecting well 15 of side french drain 12 ends and connected set water pipe and place underground structure 2 outside be connected with collecting well 15 from overflow lip 16.Latticed french drain 11 under underground structure 2 base plates 22 is communicated with the side french drain 12 outside underground structure 2 exterior walls 21, like this, underground water in 22 times foundation soils of underground structure 2 base plates compiles to latticed french drain 11, and exist the underground water in the side french drain 12 to be connected with tax, when the water level of the underground water in collecting in side french drain 12 is higher than the position of header, underground water then flows in the collecting well 15 by header, via collecting well 15 with will be higher than the set up defences underground water of water level of anti-floating from overflow lip 16 and drain into underground structure 2 outsides, thereby can reduce underground structure reaches the underground water in the peripheral Rock And Soil below 2 water level, reduce the buoyancy that structure 2 makes progress under the Groundwater, avoid underground structure 2 that the phenomenon that floating is consequently damaged underground structure 2 and superstructure occurs.
Blind drainage structure 1 in the present embodiment, its utilization is embedded in latticed french drain 11 and underground structure 2 exterior walls 21 outward the side french drain 12 of underground structure 2 base plates below 22, can be so that the underground water of underground structure below 2 exists the underground water in the side french drain 12 to be connected with tax, underground water in the underground structure 2 peripheral Rock And Soils imports in the side french drain 12, utilize the header in the side french drain 12, underground water can be drained in the collecting well 15, and finally drain into outside the underground structure 2 by will be higher than the set up defences underground water of water level of anti-floating from overflow lip 16, whole drainage procedure realizes that fully underground water is from streamed, do not need to adopt the mode of forced drainage, thereby can greatly save construction investment and the maintenance cost between the operating period.Certainly, when emergency occurs, also can in collecting well 15 and manhole 17, carry out forced drainage by pump, can realize the Suresh Kumar draining.
Particularly, latticed french drain 11 in above-mentioned comprises to be located at the latticed groove in the underground structure 2 base plates 22 following foundation soils and to be filled in the first coarse sand rubble drainage layer 114 in this latticed groove, and the underground water in 22 times foundation soils of underground structure 2 base plates then infiltrates in the first coarse sand rubble drainage layer 114 in this latticed groove.
Particularly, the first above-mentioned coarse sand rubble drainage layer 114 comprise be sticked the first geotextile 113 of latticed trench wall, the first coarse sand rubble that is filled in the latticed groove and is coated by the first geotextile 113 and cover on the first geotextile 113 every slurry layer 115.
Certainly, before above-mentioned side french drain 12 applies, should at the foundation pit walls 31 of foundation ditch 3 eye of punchinging at a certain distance, the underground water in the peripheral Rock And Soil can be penetrated in the side french drain 12.Latticed french drain 11 in above-mentioned by a plurality of vertically and the vertical french drain 112 of column distributions and a plurality of laterally and the horizontal french drain 111 of column distributions intersect and form, thereby formed latticed.
Particularly, above-mentioned side french drain 12 comprise be attached at foundation pit walls 31 and be layed in the second geotextile of pit backfill soil 33 bottoms and be filled in outer wall of underground structure 21 with foundation pit walls 31 between the space in and by the second coarse sand rubble drainage layer of the second geotextile coating.In the present embodiment, be embedded with many above-mentioned headers in the side french drain 12, these many headers are arranged on foundation ditch different depth place, and certainly, the position of many headers arranges and can decide according to the actual requirements.
In the present embodiment, be embedded with two headers in the side french drain 12, be respectively header 13 and lower header 14, the anti-floating that upper header 13 the is arranged in side french drain 12 water level place that sets up defences, 14 middle and lower parts that are positioned at side french drain 12 of lower header.Upper header 13 is not less than 0.2% by the gradient and is laid on the second coarse sand rubble drainage layer top.Lower header 14 place elevations are the underground structure deadweight groundwater table when suitable with buoyancy force of underground water.Like this, when occurring in the waterlogged situation, also can utilize this time header 14 that underground water is discharged from the drain hole through walls of outer wall of underground structure 21 fast.
The blind drainage structure 1 general gravity flow drainage pattern that adopts in the present embodiment, but, for some special circumstances, for example, when continuous rainstorm causes groundwater table in the underground structure 2 peripheral Rock And Soils sharply to raise, and when substantially exceeding anti-floating and setting up defences water level, then can adopt pump from collecting well 15 and manhole 17, pressure is drawn water, so that the groundwater table of underground structure 2 base plates below 22 can descend rapidly, avoids underground structure 2 phenomenon of floating, protuberance to occur.
Manhole 17 in above-mentioned is located in the side french drain 12 at a certain distance, and its shaft bottom should be lower than upper header 13 bottoms, and is connected with upper header 13.
Being positioned at header 13 places on the sidewall of the collecting well 15 in above-mentioned is provided with opening, the one end be communicated with header 13, the other end be communicated with underground structure 2 outsides from overflow lip 16, be used for collecting well 15 is higher than the set up defences underground water of water level of anti-floating from overflow lip 16 and discharge outside the underground structure 2.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all any modifications of within spirit of the present utility model and principle, doing, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., all should be included within the protection domain of the present utility model.