Background technology
Heat pump techniques is a kind of new energy technology that development in recent years is got up, and is to transfer to heat from low-temperature heat source a kind of device of high temperature heat source through consuming a part of energy.The heat of transferring in the high temperature heat source comprises the energy of consumption and the heat that from low-temperature heat source, absorbs.
Air source hot pump water heater generally is made up of parts such as compressor, condenser, fluid reservoir, expansion valve, evaporimeters.Its operation principle is; Evaporimeter from airborne environment thermal energy draw heat with evaporation heat transfer working medium; Refrigerant vapor pressure and temperature after compressor compresses rises; When high-temperature vapour becomes liquid through forever cohering special ring pipe condenser condenses in water storage tank, the heat transferred that discharges the water in the air source heat pump water storage tank.Condensed heat-transfer working medium turns back to evaporimeter through expansion valve, and then is evaporated, so move in circles, thus the output of realization hot water.Adopting this technology can practice thrift a large amount of energy, can reach energy saving purposes, is the new energy technology of a kind of worth exploitation, popularization.But air source hot pump water heater has a very large shortcoming, is exactly cold district or high humility area in the winter time, and evaporimeter tends to serious frosting phenomenon occur, causes the heat pump can't operate as normal.
In order to address the above problem; Developed again afterwards a kind of with the heat pump of solar energy as the evaporimeter thermal source; Be exactly solar heat pump, it organically combines heat pump techniques and solar energy utilization technique, can improve solar thermal collector efficient and heat pump performance simultaneously.The heat that heat collector absorbs is as the low-temperature heat source of heat pump, but its all weather operations provides hot water or heat.A kind of solar air Teat pump boiler is disclosed like Chinese patent CN03150626.7; It is to be improved by direct expansion formula solar heat-pump water heater; Include a solar energy-air evaporimeter; An immersion condenser coil is at interior boiler, small-sized heat pump compressor and relevant refrigeration accessory reservoir thereof, heating power expansion valve etc.Its course of work is: cold-producing medium evaporates after in the solar heat-collection plate of solar energy-air evaporimeter, absorbing energy; The machine that is compressed sucks; The compression back flows into condensation in the condenser coil bottom the boiler; Discharge heat water, and condensed cold-producing medium flows back in the solar heat-collection plate through reservoir and heating power expansion valve and absorbs heat again, evaporates, circulation thus.Overcast and rainy, flow through the directly draw heat evaporation from air of cold-producing medium in the solar heat-collection plate, all the other whole operation cycle processes are constant.This solar air Teat pump boiler can effectively improve the heat pump heat supply performance, again can round-the-clock steady operation.
But above-mentioned technology does not all fundamentally solve the frosting problem at cold district and high humility area evaporator with heat pump, and this becomes a bigger technology barrier.And present conventional thinking is all considered from the thermal efficiency aspect that improves air source heat pump, study how more efficient from low-temperature heat source, more draw heat, but this research direction has been gone to a technical bottleneck place, has been difficult to the conspicuousness raising.
These solar air source heat pumps all can not be applicable to and continue the cold weather of precipitation, or effectively work in the environmental condition below 0 ℃.And being seen in the market solar air source heat pumps complete machine needs evaporimeter and condenser; Compressors and Fans need consume the above electric power of 2000W altogether; This is great waste; Electrical equipment itself and power supply thereof and intelligent control part can not reach the requirement of environmental protection and energy saving fully, but also have the high problem of manufacturing cost.
On the other hand, mostly the at present conventional electromagnetic heater that uses is planar structure, the plane generally only use a heater, its mechanical efficiency lower.
Summary of the invention
High to existing solar air source heat pumps in the easy frosting of cold district and high humility area evaporimeter, power consumption; The problem that cost is high, the utility model overcome prior art prejudice from another angle; Do not consider how to improve the thermal efficiency of air source heat pump; Directly in system, add an electro-heat equipment, a kind of solar heat pump installation that can under the continuous low temperature environment, work just can be provided, and this device also has energy-conserving and environment-protective and advantage cheaply.
The technical scheme of the utility model is achieved in that a kind of solar heat pump installation that can under the continuous low temperature environment, work, comprises solar thermal collector, compressor, storage tank, condenser energy converting pipe, reservoir, electric expansion valve; Working medium pipeline in the thermal-collecting tube is arranged in the said solar thermal collector, and said condenser energy converting pipe is arranged in storage tank and immerses water; Said solar thermal collector, compressor, storage tank, condenser energy converting pipe, reservoir, electric expansion valve are successively through working medium pipeline polyphone; Forming confession working medium is the airtight passage that cold-producing medium circulates; Said working medium is that the operation flow direction of cold-producing medium is to compressor by working medium pipeline in the thermal-collecting tube; Flow to the condenser energy converting pipe then, arrive reservoir again, circulate working medium pipeline to the thermal-collecting tube again through electric expansion valve at last; Also include electro-heat equipment, said electro-heat equipment is connected in series with on the working medium pipeline between solar thermal collector and the compressor.
Described electro-heat equipment comprises heater, spirality magnetizing coil, main circuit and its controller; Said heater is positioned at the pipeline that can supply working medium to flow; Can supply the pipeline external surface that working medium flows to be enclosed with insulation material; The spirality magnetizing coil is wrapped on the insulation material, and said controller comprises that also one is installed on solar thermal collector and can supplies the temp probe between the mobile pipeline of working medium.
Described electric expansion valve mainly is made up of capillary, actuator and cell pressure three parts of popping one's head in, and they can be the switch degree that the optimum efficiency needed operating temperature in zone and pressure among the characteristic working curve figure of cold-producing medium come to regulate automatically this valve according to working medium.
Thermal-collecting tube is the 8-10 root in the said solar thermal collector, and length overall is a 15-25 rice.
Said storage tank inner condenser energy converting pipe coiled is circular, these annulus arranged concentric, and stack vertically forms tubbiness, and condenser energy converting pipe total length is a 13-15 rice, forms two or three barrel-like structures and is uniformly distributed in the storage tank.
Working medium pipeline and electro-heat equipment in the described thermal-collecting tube, compressor, the condenser energy converting pipe, reservoir, electric expansion valve is in series, and forming confession working medium is the airtight passage that cold-producing medium circulates.
Working medium is that the operation flow direction of cold-producing medium is to electro-heat equipment by working medium pipeline in the thermal-collecting tube in the described solar heat pump installation; Arrive compressor again; Flow to the condenser energy converting pipe then, arrive reservoir again, circulate working medium pipeline to the thermal-collecting tube again through electric expansion valve at last.
Compared with prior art; The beneficial effect of the utility model is: 1) owing to use the evaporimeter of electro-heat equipment instead of null source of the gas heat pump to carry out thermal energy transfer to working medium, just fundamentally solved the problem that can not effectively work under the continuous low temperature environment that uses evaporimeter to bring.2) do not use evaporimeter, just do not need blower fan yet, solved the high problem of fan energy consumption again.3) power of the utility model compressor only is 1/3rd of existing product, and promptly consumed power is about 600W, has further reached the purpose of energy-saving and emission-reduction again.4) electro-heat equipment adopts the spirality magnetizing coil, can be at its spiral inner a plurality of heaters that use, and its acting is equivalent to a plurality of planes heater does work simultaneously, and the thermal efficiency is high.5) because there are not parts such as evaporimeter, condenser and blower fan, make manufacturing cost be reduced.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is further specified, but do not constitute any restriction the utility model.
Embodiment 1
The utility model is a kind of solar heat pump installation that can under the continuous low temperature environment, work, includes: working medium pipeline 5, electro-heat equipment 3, compressor 1, storage tank 21, condenser energy converting pipe 2, the hot water out pipe 22 of storage tank, the cold water inlet pipe 23 of storage tank, reservoir 4, electric expansion valve 6 in solar thermal collector 51, the thermal-collecting tube.
Said condenser energy converting pipe 2 is positioned at storage tank 21, and it is water-immersed, can carry out thermal energy exchange with the water in the storage tank in this working medium; Working medium pipeline 5 is positioned at the thermal-collecting tube of solar thermal collector 51 in the described thermal-collecting tube, can obtain the heat energy of solar energy heat collection pipe in this working medium.
Described electric expansion valve mainly is made up of capillary, actuator and cell pressure three parts of popping one's head in, and they can be the switch degree that the optimum efficiency needed operating temperature in zone and pressure among the characteristic working curve figure of refrigerant come to regulate automatically this valve according to working medium.
Comprise that also one is installed on solar thermal collector 51 and can supplies the temp probe between the mobile pipeline 33 of working medium.
Thermal-collecting tube is the 8-10 root in the said solar thermal collector 51, and length overall is a 15-25 rice, guarantees that solar thermal collector 51 can absorb enough heats.
Said storage tank 21 inner condenser energy converting pipes 2 coileds are circular; These annulus arranged concentric; Stack vertically forms tubbiness; Condenser energy converting pipe 2 total lengths are 13-15 rice, form two or three barrel-like structures and are uniformly distributed in the storage tank 21, guarantee that condenser energy converting pipe 2 can carry out sufficient heat exchange with water at this.
Working medium pipeline 5 in the described thermal-collecting tube, electro-heat equipment 3, compressor 1, condenser energy converting pipe 2, reservoir 4 is in series with electric expansion valve 6, constitutes a complete path.
Working medium is that the operation flow direction of cold-producing medium is to electro-heat equipment 3 by working medium pipeline 5 in the thermal-collecting tube in the solar heat pump installation; Arrive compressor 1 again; Flow to condenser energy converting pipe 2 then, arrive reservoir 4 again, circulate working medium pipeline 5 to the thermal-collecting tube again through electric expansion valve 6 at last.
The workflow of the utility model device is: be pressed into high temperature and high pressure gas through compressor 1 behind the heat energy of working medium absorption solar thermal collector 51 or absorption electro-heat equipment 3; Flow to condenser energy converting pipe 2; This pipeline is arranged in storage tank 21 and immerses water, and at this, the water in working medium and the storage tank carries out thermal energy exchange; Water temperature raises; Working medium further flow in the reservoir 4, the flow of the regulating action control working medium through electric expansion valve 6, and the working medium of suitable flow circulates to the thermal-collecting tube in the working medium pipeline 5 once more.
Following specific to workflow under the varying environment temperature:
When no solar radiation or under the low situation of temperature, workflow is: because solar thermal collector can not be collected enough heats, the working medium that working medium pipeline 51 flows out in the thermal-collecting tube does not reach the compressor temperature requirement; The temp probe that is positioned at behind the solar thermal collector detects, and this temp probe is transmitted to controller with signal, and controller starts heater; Heating working medium is to the preset range temperature, and the working medium machine of being compressed again is pressed into high temperature and high pressure gas, flows to condenser energy converting pipe 2; This pipeline is arranged in storage tank 21 and immerses water, and at this, the water in working medium and the storage tank carries out thermal energy exchange; Water temperature raises; Working medium further flow in the reservoir 4, the flow of the regulating action control working medium through electric expansion valve 6, and the working medium of suitable flow circulates to the thermal-collecting tube in the working medium pipeline 5 once more; So move in circles, reach the setting requirement up to the temperature of storage tank.
When solar radiation was strong, workflow was: because solar thermal collector can be collected enough heats, the working medium that working medium pipeline 5 flows out in the thermal-collecting tube can reach the compressor temperature requirement; The temp probe that is positioned at behind the solar thermal collector detects, and this temp probe is transmitted to controller with signal, and controller control electromagnetic induction heater does not start; Working medium flows into compressor, and the machine of being compressed is pressed into high temperature and high pressure gas, flows to condenser energy converting pipe 2; This pipeline is arranged in storage tank 21 and immerses water, and at this, the water in working medium and the storage tank carries out thermal energy exchange; Water temperature raises; Working medium further flow in the reservoir 4, the flow of the regulating action control working medium through electric expansion valve 6, and the working medium of suitable flow circulates to the thermal-collecting tube in the working medium pipeline 5 once more; So move in circles, reach the setting requirement up to the temperature of storage tank.
Embodiment 2
The utility model is a kind of solar heat pump installation that can under the continuous low temperature environment, work, includes: working medium pipeline 5, electro-heat equipment 3, compressor 1, storage tank 21, condenser energy converting pipe 2, the hot water out pipe 22 of storage tank, the cold water inlet pipe 23 of storage tank, reservoir 4, electric expansion valve 6 in solar thermal collector 51, the thermal-collecting tube.
Said condenser energy converting pipe 2 is positioned at storage tank 21, and it is water-immersed, can carry out thermal energy exchange with the water in the storage tank in this working medium; Working medium pipeline 5 is positioned at the thermal-collecting tube of solar thermal collector in the described thermal-collecting tube, can obtain the heat energy of solar energy heat collection pipe in this working medium.
Said electro-heat equipment 3 comprises heater 32, spirality magnetizing coil 31, main circuit and controller thereof; Said controller comprises that also one is installed on solar thermal collector 51 and can supplies the temp probe between the mobile pipeline 33 of working medium; Said heater 32 is positioned at the pipeline 33 that can supply working medium to flow; Can supply pipeline 33 outer surfaces that working medium flows to be enclosed with insulation material, spirality magnetizing coil 31 is wrapped on the insulation material; Said controller comprises that also one is installed on solar thermal collector 51 and can supplies the temp probe between the mobile pipeline 33 of working medium.
The operation principle of electro-heat equipment 3 is: circuit and controller convert civil power into high frequency electric; When high frequency electric passes through spirality magnetizing coil 31, produce countless magnetic confining field power, the magnetic line of force is through heater 32 in magnetic field; Will produce countless little eddy current; Make heater 32 heating at a high speed voluntarily, produce heat energy, heating efficiency is high.
Described electric expansion valve mainly is made up of capillary, actuator and cell pressure three parts of popping one's head in, and they can be the switch degree that the optimum efficiency needed operating temperature in zone and pressure among the characteristic working curve figure of refrigerant come to regulate automatically this valve according to working medium.
Thermal-collecting tube is the 8-10 root in the said solar thermal collector 51, and length overall is a 15-25 rice, guarantees that solar thermal collector 51 can absorb enough heats.
Said storage tank 21 inner condenser energy converting pipes 2 coileds are annulus one by one; These annulus arranged concentric; Stack vertically forms tubbiness; Condenser energy converting pipe 2 total lengths are 13-15 rice, form two or three barrel-like structures and are uniformly distributed in the storage tank 21, guarantee that condenser energy converting pipe 2 can carry out sufficient heat exchange with water at this.
Working medium is that the operation flow direction of cold-producing medium is to electro-heat equipment 3 by working medium pipeline 5 in the thermal-collecting tube in the solar heat pump installation; Arrive compressor 1 again; Flow to condenser energy converting pipe 2 then, arrive reservoir 4 again, circulate working medium pipeline 51 to the thermal-collecting tube again through electric expansion valve 6 at last.
The workflow of the utility model device is: be pressed into high temperature and high pressure gas through compressor 1 behind the heat energy of working medium absorption solar thermal collector 51 or absorption electro-heat equipment 3; Flow to condenser energy converting pipe 2; This pipeline is arranged in storage tank 21 and immerses water, and at this, the water in working medium and the storage tank carries out thermal energy exchange; Water temperature raises; Working medium further flow in the reservoir 4, the flow of the regulating action control working medium through electric expansion valve 6, and the working medium of suitable flow circulates to the thermal-collecting tube in the working medium pipeline 5 once more.
Following specific to workflow under the varying environment temperature:
When no solar radiation or under the low situation of temperature, workflow is: because solar thermal collector can not be collected enough heats, the working medium that working medium pipeline 51 flows out in the thermal-collecting tube does not reach the compressor temperature requirement; The temp probe that is positioned at behind the solar thermal collector detects, and this temp probe is transmitted to controller with signal, and controller starts electromagnetic induction heater; Heating working medium is to the preset range temperature, and the working medium machine of being compressed again is pressed into high temperature and high pressure gas, flows to condenser energy converting pipe 2; This pipeline is arranged in storage tank 21 and immerses water, and at this, the water in working medium and the storage tank carries out thermal energy exchange; Water temperature raises; Working medium further flow in the reservoir 4, the flow of the regulating action control working medium through electric expansion valve 6, and the working medium of suitable flow circulates to the thermal-collecting tube in the working medium pipeline 51 once more; So move in circles, reach the setting requirement up to the temperature of storage tank.
When solar radiation was strong, workflow was: because solar thermal collector can be collected enough heats, the working medium that working medium pipeline 51 flows out in the thermal-collecting tube can reach the compressor temperature requirement; The temp probe that is positioned at behind the solar thermal collector detects, and this temp probe is transmitted to controller with signal, and controller control electromagnetic induction heater does not start; Working medium flows into compressor, and the machine of being compressed is pressed into high temperature and high pressure gas, flows to condenser energy converting pipe 2; This pipeline is arranged in storage tank 21 and immerses water, and at this, the water in working medium and the storage tank carries out thermal energy exchange; Water temperature raises; Working medium further flow in the reservoir 4, the flow of the regulating action control working medium through electric expansion valve 6, and the working medium of suitable flow circulates to the thermal-collecting tube in the working medium pipeline 51 once more; So move in circles, reach the setting requirement up to the temperature of storage tank.
Above-mentioned embodiment is merely the preferred implementation of the utility model, can not limit the interest field of the utility model with this, and therefore, the equivalent variations according to the utility model claim is done still belongs to the scope that the utility model is contained.