CN202067058U - Polarization identification based underwater camera system - Google Patents
Polarization identification based underwater camera system Download PDFInfo
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- CN202067058U CN202067058U CN2011200423510U CN201120042351U CN202067058U CN 202067058 U CN202067058 U CN 202067058U CN 2011200423510 U CN2011200423510 U CN 2011200423510U CN 201120042351 U CN201120042351 U CN 201120042351U CN 202067058 U CN202067058 U CN 202067058U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of optical instrument, in particular to a polarization identification based underwater camera system, which comprises an underwater light source, a polarization modulation part and an image acquisition and processing part, wherein the underwater light source comprises a semiconductor laser, a filter, a polarizer, a polarization rotator and a beam expander, and the polarization modulation part comprises a polarization analyzer, a stepper motor, a stepper motor controller and an infrared detector; and the image acquisition and processing part comprises a high-frequency CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera, an image acquisition system and a computer. The polarization identification based underwater camera system has the beneficial effects that: the contrast and clarity of target imaging can be effectively improved, and the efficiency of target detection and identification are improved; in polarization imaging, the difference of depolarization of different targets is utilized to eliminate the interference of background light, and the method that the targets are identified from the scrambled background is provided and has obvious advantages compared with the method that the targets are identified by ordinary light intensity imaging.
Description
One, technical field:
The utility model relates to a kind of optical instrument technical field, particularly a kind of underwater camera system based on polarization identification.
Two, background technology:
The underwater camera system is used for surveying the water object, and carries out the optical observation instrument of TV developing on the water, and it provides high-resolution video image for target in the Real Time Observation water.It has become carries out one of necessary equipment of underwater operation.Especially can't be indispensable especially people with space under the sea that is difficult to Direct observation.Now generally be used for comprising the various underwater operations of military purposes imperial palace, comprise be used to observe weapon test, submarine mine, torpedo and inspection mine-laying situation are built, explored in the naval vessel; Seabed engineering operation and submerged structure process observed, controlled, underwater construction address, equipment scouted and select to install and make regular check on engineering construction quality situation; In ocean research, be used to investigate sea-bed topography form and submarine surface geologic structure, the life habit of observation marine creature and mechanics etc.
But in the environment, water (decay) is very big under water, and exists various suspensions in the water, and the performance of these suspensions is different, and light is had scattering process.Because water makes whole image under water present atomizing effect to the absorption and the scattering of light, contrast is relatively poor, so can only see object nearby.Especially scattered light is bigger to the contrast of image influence, and it has caused picture contrast decline, to the influence of imaging under water greatly, makes contrast of image become one of problem the most serious in the imaging under water.The common imaging system of light intensity under water is to distinguish target according to the difference of light intensity, because the immersed body that causes of scattering and when the background intensity difference is not obvious or target background is in a mess, it is just very difficult to distinguish target with intensity, and another the characteristic-polarization characteristic that utilizes light is distinguished target, can overcome because the too little difficulty of bringing of light intensity difference.Such needs grow up the polarization imaging detection system in order to adapt to just under water.
The external comparison that the research of polarization imaging is carried out early, since nineteen seventies, the various countries scientist has done a large amount of work to the polarization characteristic research of multiple object, many data have been grasped, therefrom obtain the rule of material polarization characteristic, analyze the mechanism that polarization produces, the source book of theoretical foundation and necessity is provided for the application of polarization.Domestic research basis about the polarization imaging aspect is relatively backward, only carries out a few thing in minority units such as colleges and universities and research institutes.1997-2000, An Guangsuo researchist utilize the laser of 532mm as light source, and area array CCD is as detector, utilize in the water in the particle and water the depolarization of the object difference of shaking, primary study the polarization imaging of object in the water.Draw relation between submarine target image contrast, image-forming range, the water body attenuation constant by Theoretical Calculation, and derived the submarine target computing formula of image-forming range farthest.Obtained the 532mm circularly polarized light irradiation polarization image of object in the water down, and to have recorded the water body attenuation constant be at 0.5 o'clock, circular polarization imaging system image-forming range farthest is 1.92m.In the work afterwards, utilize linearly polarized light to do similar experiment again.But above polarization imaging method has certain requirement to the limpid degree of water body.
And because development of resources activity in recent years mainly in the seabed, was given priority to the imaging observational technique under water in the muddy water in recent years in the world, this has become one of important step in the Ocean Development Technology.
Three, utility model content:
The purpose of this utility model is exactly the above-mentioned defective that exists at prior art, a kind of underwater camera system based on polarization identification is provided, the image based on polarization information rather than intensity signal of immersed body can be obtained, the immersed body imaging of more muddy water body can be realized.
A kind of technical scheme of the underwater camera system based on polarization identification is: comprise underwater light source, Polarization Modulation part and image acquisition and processing section; Described underwater light source comprises semiconductor laser, optical filter, the polarizer, polarization rotator and beam expander, the laser beam that semiconductor laser is sent out is after optical filter filters, become polarized light through the polarizer again, this polarized light becomes the adjustable linearly polarized light in polarization direction behind polarization rotator and beam expander; Described Polarization Modulation partly comprises analyzer, stepper motor, controllor for step-by-step motor and infrared eye; Described image acquisition and processing section comprise high frequency ccd video camera, image capturing system and computing machine; Object under water is after described linearly polarized light irradiation, its reflected light is injected the Polarization Modulation part, at first enter analyzer, after the light beam after the analyzer outgoing is by the collection of high frequency ccd video camera, send into Computer Processing with the signal Synchronization of infrared eye by step motor control.
Above-mentioned polarization rotator is a stable twisted nematic liquid crystal rotatory polarization device, can accurately control polarization direction that can the fast rotational linearly polarized light beam to the polarization anglec of rotation by control.
The outer ring of above-mentioned analyzer is provided with a plurality of triggerings hole, is arranged on the printing opacity direction of a plurality of demarcation.
Above-mentioned infrared eye is made up of infrared emission end and receiving end two parts.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model can effectively improve the contrast and the sharpness of target imaging; Improve target detection and recognition efficiency; The difference that polarization imaging can utilize the different target depolarization to shake is eliminated the interference of bias light, and the means of recognition objective from mixed and disorderly background are provided, and the method for more common light intensity imaging recognition objective has clear superiority.
Four, description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1 is a structure principle chart of the present utility model;
Accompanying drawing 2 is structural representations of analyzer of the present utility model;
Outer ring 1, triggering hole 2, semiconductor laser 3, optical filter 4, the polarizer 5, polarization rotator 6, beam expander 7, object 8, infrared eye 9, analyzer 10, high frequency ccd video camera 11, stepper motor 12, controllor for step-by-step motor 13, image capturing system 14, computing machine 15.
Five, embodiment:
1-2 in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the utility model will be further described:
A kind of technical scheme of the underwater camera system based on polarization identification is: comprise underwater light source, Polarization Modulation part and image acquisition and processing section; Described underwater light source comprises semiconductor laser 3, optical filter 4, the polarizer 5, polarization rotator 6 and beam expander 7, and described Polarization Modulation partly comprises analyzer 10, stepper motor 12, controllor for step-by-step motor 13 and infrared eye 9; Described image acquisition and processing section comprise high frequency ccd video camera 11, image capturing system 14 and computing machine 15.
Wherein, polarization rotator 6 is a stable twisted nematic liquid crystal rotatory polarization device, can accurately control polarization direction that can the fast rotational linearly polarized light beam to the polarization anglec of rotation by control.The outer ring 1 of analyzer 10 is provided with a plurality of triggerings hole 2, is arranged on the printing opacity direction of a plurality of demarcation.Infrared eye 9 is made up of infrared emission end and receiving end two parts.Optical filter adopts interference filter; The polarizer adopts the Glan Taylor prism polarizer,
Underwater camera method of the present utility model is specific as follows:
The laser that semiconductor laser 3 sends is through interference filter, produce linearly polarized light behind the Glan Taylor prism polarizer through diameter 10mm again, polarized light through behind the polarization rotator 6 again through the beam expander 7 of 5 * microcobjective, submarine target thing 8 is all illuminated just, and the reflection of object 8 or scattered light are surveyed by high frequency ccd video camera 11 behind analyzer 10.The light transmission shaft of rotatory polarization sheet 6 is AO axles, and stepper motor 12 control gyro frequencys make printing opacity direction AO, BO, CO and the DO of four demarcation pass through X-axis successively.The dynamic intensity variations that high frequency ccd video camera 11 records enter CCD, the Strength Changes figure at formation space object wavelength place.The outer ring of analyzer 10 has 4 to trigger hole 2, is arranged on the printing opacity direction of four demarcation.Infrared eye 9 sends the infrared light that is parallel to the z of system axle, and when the triggering hole of rotation was on the light path just, infrared eye 9 received light signal, and image is sent in the computing machine.Trigger hole 2 and rotate in the direction of the clock, after system's zero clearing, triggering hole A optical system for alignment, after this B, C, D optical system for alignment successively.
The plot of light intensity of five polarization directions grasping looks like to be followed successively by I
0 °, I
30 °, I
45 °, I
60 °, I
90 °Form the intensity gray level image.The radiation at each pixel record space bodies wavelength place is rotated the result of polaroid modulation on the image, the intensity level of choosing four polarization directions can calculate the polarization parameter of target background, and then calculate the degree of polarization and the polarization angle at the wavelength place, space of respective pixel correspondence, form degree of polarization and polarization angle gray level image.
Experimental result of the present utility model and analysis:
Experiment adopts semiconductor laser as lighting source, and illumination target is that white is printed the pencil coating (rectangle) on the scraps of paper, 1 coin-dividing and the scraps of paper.Experiment has been gathered when not adding polaroid the target image (intensity map) under the natural light and has been added polaroid and polarizer printing opacity direction and the analyzer printing opacity angular separation image of totally 6 width of cloth targets when being respectively 0 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 90 °, is respectively (a) and (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) six width of cloth images.
(a) target image and background image contrast are less, and details is unintelligible.Compare (b), (c), (d) three width of cloth polarization images as can be seen, along with the polarization angle increases coin deepening gradually.(d) be the polarization image that the polarization angle is become when being 45 °, the profile of rectangle coating displays.(f) be that the polarization angle is become image during by 90 °, coin deepening fully, and the profile of coin and pencil coating is all very clear, and imaging effect is significantly better than intensity map.Its former because: when laser radiation was on coin, based on reflected light and single scattered light, and the degree of polarization of reflected light and single scattered light was bigger, and when two polaroids were parallel to each other, transmitted light was the strongest, this moment coin the brightest; When two polaroids are vertical mutually, transmission-polarizing light intensity minimum, this moment, the coin gray scale reduced.Blank sheet of paper is complete depolarization basically, and no matter angle is much each other for two polaroids, has all repeatedly that scattered light transmits, and transmitted light remains unchanged substantially.So variation that the constant substantially background of this light intensity sets off out coin and coating gray scale.As can be seen, depolarization is shaken the variation of little object (coin) light and shade obviously more than comprehensive; Obvious deepening when the difference that target (coating) and background (scraps of paper) are shaken to the incident ray polarized light depolarization causes that coating does not more add polarization in the time of 90 °, and that the scraps of paper change is less, so improved image contrast.Exactly because different targets has different polarization characteristics, so polarization is surveyed the powerful measure that becomes Target Recognition.
According to above intensity image and the polarization image that obtains by experiment, (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) in five width of cloth images as can be seen, though bias light has been eliminated fully, but the reflected light of target has also been filtered out largely simultaneously, influenced imaging effect, this be we do not wish situation about seeing.So for the wiping out background scattered light, do not influence simultaneously imaging effect again, this paper is according to theoretical formula, utilize image fusion technology, choosing the polarization direction is 0 °, the polarization image of 45 ° and 90 ° has calculated Stokes image and the degree of polarization and the polarization angle image of target, and wherein I, Q, U and degree of polarization image are respectively the image that I, Q, U component and the degree of polarization value of Stokes parameter are formed.
As can be seen: utilize the object that image fusion technology calculates the Stokes compression of images signal of background, but DeGrain.The degree of polarization image of the target that calculates has greatly compressed mixed and disorderly background signal, and the compression of object reflected light is less, intensity image and polarization image that effect obtains significantly better than direct detection, and this is for further target detection and identification provide convenience.So comprehensive utilization polarization Detection Techniques and image fusion technology are compressed mixed and disorderly background signal, make that target detection and the identification under the complex background becomes possibility.
Experiment adopts laser as lighting source, has obtained the intensity image of target and the polarization image under the different polarization angle situation, and the polarization image of intensity image and different polarization angle has been carried out comparative analysis.The result shows: the polarization imaging technology can improve the contrast of target imaging; With respect to the depolarization strong target of shaking, the depolarization weak target image brightness of shaking changes obviously.So the polarization imaging technology can improve target detection and recognition efficiency effectively.Polarization imaging can utilize difference that the different target depolarization shakes to eliminate the interference of bias light, and the means of recognition objective from mixed and disorderly background are provided, and has clear superiority than the method for light intensity recognition objective.
Claims (4)
1. the underwater camera system based on polarization identification is characterized in that: comprise underwater light source, Polarization Modulation part and image acquisition and processing section; Described underwater light source comprises semiconductor laser (3), optical filter (4), the polarizer (5), polarization rotator (6) and beam expander (7), the laser beam that semiconductor laser (3) is sent out is after optical filter (4) filters, become polarized light through the polarizer (5) again, this polarized light becomes the adjustable linearly polarized light in polarization direction behind polarization rotator (6) and beam expander (7);
Described Polarization Modulation partly comprises analyzer (10), stepper motor (12), controllor for step-by-step motor (13) and infrared eye (9); Described image acquisition and processing section comprise high frequency ccd video camera (11), image capturing system (14) and computing machine (15);
Object under water (8) is after described linearly polarized light irradiation, its reflected light is injected the Polarization Modulation part, at first enter the analyzer (10) by stepper motor (12) control, the light beam after analyzer (10) outgoing is sent into computing machine (15) by the signal Synchronization of high frequency ccd video camera (11) collection back and infrared eye (9) and is carried out the processing of XOR image algorithm.
2. the underwater camera system based on polarization identification according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described polarization rotator (6) is a stable twisted nematic liquid crystal rotatory polarization device, can accurately control polarization direction that can the fast rotational linearly polarized light beam to the polarization anglec of rotation by control.
3. the underwater camera system based on polarization identification according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outer ring (1) of described analyzer (10) is provided with a plurality of triggerings hole (2), is arranged on the printing opacity direction of a plurality of demarcation.
4. the underwater camera system based on polarization identification according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described infrared eye (9) is made up of infrared emission end and receiving end two parts.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102116997A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-07-06 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Underwater video camera system based on polarization identification and method thereof |
| CN103852765A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-11 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Selectivity by polarization |
| CN107084681A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-08-22 | 上海大学 | The active light that water environment and submarine target can actively be adapted to shines Vision imaging system and method |
| US9851291B2 (en) | 2016-05-02 | 2017-12-26 | Hamilton Associates, Inc. | Realtime optical method and system for detecting and classifying biological and non-biological particles |
| CN110708453A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-01-17 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Image sensor, camera module, terminal and imaging method |
| CN111208524A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-29 | 北斗(天津)科学技术应用研究院(有限合伙) | Phased array laser ranging method for detecting position of person in swimming pool |
| CN114302080A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-08 | 华中光电技术研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所） | High-performance underwater television |
| CN115136228A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-09-30 | 深圳盈天下视觉科技有限公司 | Underwater imaging apparatus |
-
2011
- 2011-02-21 CN CN2011200423510U patent/CN202067058U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102116997A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-07-06 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Underwater video camera system based on polarization identification and method thereof |
| CN103852765A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-11 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Selectivity by polarization |
| US9851291B2 (en) | 2016-05-02 | 2017-12-26 | Hamilton Associates, Inc. | Realtime optical method and system for detecting and classifying biological and non-biological particles |
| US10908064B2 (en) | 2016-05-02 | 2021-02-02 | Hamilton Associates, Inc. | Realtime optical method and system for detecting and classifying biological and non-biological particles |
| CN107084681A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-08-22 | 上海大学 | The active light that water environment and submarine target can actively be adapted to shines Vision imaging system and method |
| CN107084681B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2019-06-04 | 上海大学 | The active light of water environment and submarine target can actively be adapted to according to Vision imaging system and method |
| CN110708453A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-01-17 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Image sensor, camera module, terminal and imaging method |
| CN111208524A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-29 | 北斗(天津)科学技术应用研究院(有限合伙) | Phased array laser ranging method for detecting position of person in swimming pool |
| CN114302080A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-08 | 华中光电技术研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所） | High-performance underwater television |
| CN115136228A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-09-30 | 深圳盈天下视觉科技有限公司 | Underwater imaging apparatus |
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Granted publication date: 20111207 Termination date: 20120221 |