CN201699442U - Battery intelligent management system - Google Patents
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- CN201699442U CN201699442U CN2010201993998U CN201020199399U CN201699442U CN 201699442 U CN201699442 U CN 201699442U CN 2010201993998 U CN2010201993998 U CN 2010201993998U CN 201020199399 U CN201020199399 U CN 201020199399U CN 201699442 U CN201699442 U CN 201699442U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a battery intelligent management system which comprises a central control unit, a battery status detecting unit, a PWM chopped wave output unit, an automatic battery polarity correcting unit and a man-machine interaction unit, wherein the battery status detecting unit detects the voltage, the charging/discharging electric current and the temperature status information of the battery, and sends the detected information to an I/O port and an AD port of the central control unit; the central control unit sends a control signal to the PWM chopped wave output unit and controls the management status of the battery; the automatic battery polarity correcting unit is connected with two ends of the battery in parallel, is connected with the central control unit through a comparison device, and outputs battery connecting information; and the man-machine interaction unit is connected with the central control unit through an eight-digit display bus and a four-digit control bus. The battery intelligent management system realizes the intelligent management, manages a plurality of battery monomers, repairs the broken battery, has low power consumption, hardly consumes the electric energy, and can obtain very high management efficiency due to a proper control strategy.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to field of batteries, relates to a kind of battery management system, particularly a kind of low power-consumption intelligent battery intelligent management system with high-quality charging, capacity check and battery reparation.
Background technology
Consumer product such as mobile phone, digital camera comprises in the electric bicycle that quantity increases day by day, uses dissimilar rechargeable batteries more and more.Domestic consumer is short in understanding to the operation and maintenance of rechargeable battery, and a lot of in addition chargers are very different, do not possess the intelligent management function, causes the user very chaotic to the use of battery, and a lot of batteries are in the state of going to work braving one's illness for a long time; Some good batteries are mistaken for inefficacy, are perhaps caused damaging by the charging of mistake; Long-term maloperation makes the battery effect fail to bring into play or the like.
One has charge function to the single type battery charger on the market, even so-called universal charger is arranged, also be not to be truly " omnipotent charging " device, and mostly adopt fixed mode to different battery charge, the damage to battery that causes thus is imponderable.In addition, charging device is compatible to lacking between the battery different series, makes different batteries will be equipped with special-purpose charging system.In case it is improper to be equipped with, may cause the damage of battery or charging system.
Aspect the research of battery management system, forefathers did some useful work, and one is the Charge Management at the single kind battery, improved the tactful high-quality management that reaches battery of charging by diverse ways.But come battery is managed as the flash chip and the battery management micro controller that adopt storage battery management learning program, help shortening the chip Time To Market, increase convenience; Or utilize charged state (SOC) compensation method of battery that discharging and recharging of battery managed, to the certain reliability that estimates at of SOC.But these methods all exist certain problem and limitation, and as tackling the diverse situation of cell, in accuracy, the real-time aspect is slightly inadequate, and has defective aspect energy-saving and noise reduction.
The scheme of present battery management system mainly comprises charging scheme and discharge scheme.Battery needs the collection to operational factor, performance parameter in charge and discharge process, monitor battery condition constantly, so that central control unit is made control decision.The operational factor of battery is mainly voltage, electric current and temperature, judges in conjunction with the control end condition, also needs voltage, electric current and variation of temperature rate.These parameter control are main difficult points of battery management system work.Different batteries exists different characteristics, brings bigger difficulty to Control work.
One comprises the charging process of ni-mh, nickel-cadmium cell precharge, quick charge, supplies charging, trickle charge.For putting for a long time, can influence life-span of battery with large current charge, so should be earlier make it satisfy behind the certain condition large current charge again with low current charge without battery or new battery.One adopts voltage control, Current Control, time control, temperature control and integrated control method the control of charging.One adopts the charge mode of constant current constant voltage lithium battery.Under the constant current charge state, constantly detect battery terminal voltage, when cell voltage reached capacity voltage, the constant current charge state stopped, and enters the constant voltage charge state automatically; During constant voltage charge, keep charging voltage constant,, cause charging current constantly to descend because that the internal resistance of cell constantly becomes is big, when charging current drop to charging current under the constant current state 1/10 the time, stop constant voltage charge, enter floating charge and safeguard the charging stage.Control one and adopt Current Control, voltage control.
It is long that traditional battery management method exists elapsed time, and parameter control is inaccurate, can't also have very big deficiency aspect the battery status monitoring simultaneously to shortcomings such as dissimilar battery charge, and can't effective for repairing for the battery that damages.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of battery intelligent management system that high-quality charging, capacity check, battery reparation and battery polar are corrected automatically that has, can measure, charge, discharge and repair different types of battery intelligently flexibly, has low-power consumption simultaneously, the characteristics of low noise.
The utility model execution mode is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of battery intelligent management system, comprise central control unit and battery status detecting unit, described battery status detecting unit detects the voltage of battery, charge/discharge current, state of temperature information is also sent into detected information the I/O mouth and the AD port of central control unit, it is characterized in that, described management system also comprises PWM copped wave output unit, battery polar is corrected unit and man-machine interaction unit automatically, PWM copped wave output unit receives the control signal that central control unit is sent, the controlled state of control battery, described battery polar is corrected the unit automatically and is connected in parallel on the battery two ends, be connected output battery link information with central control unit by comparator; Described man-machine interaction unit is connected with central control unit with four control buss with eight show bus, the operating state of display system, and accept user's control.
Described central control unit comprises MCU processor and peripheral circuit, described peripheral circuit comprises high-frequency clock generation circuit, low-speed clock generation circuit, electrify restoration circuit and decoupling circuit, and described MCU processor has PWM generator in AD in the sheet, on-chip timer, the interior house dog of sheet and the sheet.
Described battery status detecting unit comprises the battery voltage detection amplifying circuit, battery current detects amplifying circuit, the digital temperature testing circuit, described battery voltage detection amplifying circuit and battery current detect the equal output voltage signal of amplifying circuit, link to each other with AD port in the sheet of single-chip microcomputer, described digital temperature testing circuit output digital signal, link to each other with the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer, described battery voltage detection amplifying circuit is made up of bleeder circuit and voltage follower, the input section is attempted by the battery two ends, described battery current detects amplifying circuit and is made up of the two stage amplifer circuit, the first order is anti-phase adder, the second level is inverter, and input is connected on the high-power sampling resistor of the little resistance two ends that are connected in the cell circuit.
Described PWM copped wave output unit comprises drive circuit, power copped wave element, filter circuit, described drive circuit is accepted the pwm control signal from single-chip microcomputer output, amplify through triode, carry out copped wave through light-coupled isolation rear drive MOSET power component again, voltage signal after the copped wave is removed the high frequency clutter by described filter circuit, with the battery two ends and connect.
Described battery polar is corrected the unit automatically and is comprised polarity detection circuit and polarity correction circuit, described polarity detection circuit is made up of two comparators, with just the connecing of two output expression batteries, reversal connection, unsettled, four kinds of states of short circuit, send into the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer, described polarity is corrected circuit and is made up of two relays and drive circuit, according to the control signal folding of central control unit, the control battery just connects, reversal connection, unsettled.
Described man-machine interaction unit comprises liquid crystal display screen and keyboard, and described liquid crystal display screen is single color point configuration 12864 liquid crystal display screens, is connected with single-chip microcomputer by eight show bus.
Described battery intelligent management system also is included as the power subsystem of whole system power supply, described power subsystem comprises+the 3.3V voltage generation circuit and-the 5V voltage generation circuit ,+5V voltage is provided by external power source.
Rechargeable battery application in daily life is more and more, there is certain use in every household capital more or less, if energy reasonable use rechargeable battery is brought into play its optimum life-span, not only a large amount of resources such as non-ferrous metal can be saved, the pollution of waste battery can also be reduced environment.Use battery intelligent management of the present utility model system, its superiority is mainly reflected in: 1. Based Intelligent Control, in the mode of optimum battery is charged, and guarantee that it reaches optimum Working, prevent that overshoot owes to dash the influence that the life-span is brought; 2. can manage a plurality of battery cells simultaneously, no matter kind, state are as repairing simultaneously and charging operations; To the capacity check of battery can be at any time the current residual capacity of electrolytic cell, to estimating the charging deadline certain effect is arranged, and can be used for judging the battery and the damaged condition of damage; 4. the battery that damages is repaired, can the effective for repairing majority because of using, safeguard the improper battery that damages, save resource, protect environment; 5. the polarity of intelligence is corrected function and is made and need not to consider the battery polar problem, prevents the blast that causes because of incorrect polarity, incidents such as damage; 6. perfect defencive function comprises overtemperature protection, overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, reverse connecting protection, short-circuit protection, stops all unsafe hidden danger; 7. low in energy consumption, system itself is consumed power hardly, and control strategy is proper can obtain the very high efficiency of management.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a general structure block diagram of the present utility model; Fig. 2 is a supply module circuit of the present utility model; Fig. 3 is a voltage detecting circuit of the present utility model; Fig. 4 is a current detection circuit of the present utility model; Fig. 5 is a temperature sensing circuit of the present utility model; Fig. 6 is a PWM chopper circuit of the present utility model, and two MOSFET arrange in pairs or groups as high-low side, and each anti-phase diode in parallel is as continued flow tube; Fig. 7 is that polarity of the present utility model is corrected circuit automatically.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments the utility model is made further instruction.
A kind of battery intelligent management system that the utility model provides, comprise central control unit, the battery status detecting unit, PWM copped wave output unit, battery polar is corrected unit and man-machine interaction unit automatically, described battery status detecting unit detects the voltage of battery, charge/discharge current, state of temperature information is also sent into detected information the I/O mouth and the AD port of central control unit, PWM copped wave output unit receives the control signal that central control unit is sent, the controlled state of control battery, described battery polar is corrected the unit automatically and is connected in parallel on the battery two ends, be connected output battery link information with central control unit by comparator; Described man-machine interaction unit is connected with central control unit with four control buss with eight show bus, the operating state of display system, and accept user's control.Described central control unit comprises MCU processor and peripheral circuit, described peripheral circuit comprises high-frequency clock generation circuit, low-speed clock generation circuit, electrify restoration circuit and decoupling circuit, and described MCU processor has PWM generator in AD in the sheet, on-chip timer, the interior house dog of sheet and the sheet.Described battery status detecting unit comprises the battery voltage detection amplifying circuit, battery current detects amplifying circuit, the digital temperature testing circuit, described battery voltage detection amplifying circuit and battery current detect the equal output voltage signal of amplifying circuit, link to each other with AD port in the sheet of single-chip microcomputer, described digital temperature testing circuit output digital signal, link to each other with the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer, described battery voltage detection amplifying circuit is made up of bleeder circuit and voltage follower, the input section is attempted by the battery two ends, described battery current detects amplifying circuit and is made up of the two stage amplifer circuit, the first order is anti-phase adder, the second level is inverter, and input is connected on the high-power sampling resistor of the little resistance two ends that are connected in the cell circuit.Described PWM copped wave output unit comprises drive circuit, power copped wave element, filter circuit, described drive circuit is accepted the pwm control signal from single-chip microcomputer output, amplify through triode, carry out copped wave through light-coupled isolation rear drive MOSET power component again, voltage signal after the copped wave is removed the high frequency clutter by described filter circuit, with the battery two ends and connect.Described battery polar is corrected the unit automatically and is comprised polarity detection circuit and polarity correction circuit, described polarity detection circuit is made up of two comparators, with just the connecing of two output expression batteries, reversal connection, unsettled, four kinds of states of short circuit, send into the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer, described polarity is corrected circuit and is made up of two relays and drive circuit, according to the control signal folding of central control unit, the control battery just connects, reversal connection, unsettled.Described man-machine interaction unit comprises liquid crystal display screen and keyboard, and described liquid crystal display screen is single color point configuration 12864 liquid crystal display screens, is connected with single-chip microcomputer by eight show bus.Described battery intelligent management system also is included as the power subsystem of whole system power supply, power subsystem comprises+the 3.3V voltage generation circuit and-the 5V voltage generation circuit ,+5V voltage is provided by external power source.
As shown in Figure 1, the MSP430 single-chip microcomputer that adopts low-power consumption is as main control chip, the battery status detecting unit is to the battery charging and discharging state, be that voltage, electric current, temperature detect, send into control unit and carry out respective handling, and can correct battery polar automatically, promptly when placing, need not to consider cathode and anode directions.PWM copped wave output unit relies on the accurate control of the feedback realization of PWM control and single-chip microcomputer to charging and discharging currents, guarantees control algolithm result's accurate execution.Realize good man-machine interaction by the man-machine interaction unit that comprises LCD and keyboard.Control unit, battery status detecting unit, PWM copped wave output unit, battery polar that the system hardware module mainly contains based on single-chip microcomputer are corrected unit, man-machine interaction unit automatically.All hardware circuits comprise that power output element MOSFET etc. all is welded on the pcb board.Figure 2 shows that the supply module circuit of native system, for system provides positive and negative 5V voltage with positive 3.3V, wherein TPS7333 provides 3.3V positive voltage, and LMC7660IN provides negative 5V voltage.
1. based on the low-power scm of the control unit Ti company of MSP430 low-power scm, under waiting mode, power consumption is 0.7uA, under battery saving mode, and the minimum 0.1uA that reaches.Belong to 16 risc processors, have abundant addressing system (7 kinds of source operand addressing, 4 kinds of destination operand addressing), succinct 27 core instructions and a large amount of dummy instructions; Integrated more rich interior peripheral hardware.They are respectively house dog (WDT), analog comparator A, timer A (Timer_A), timer B (Timer_B), serial ports 0,1 (USART0,1), hardware multiplier, liquid crystal driver, 10/12 ADC, 16 Sigma-DeltaAD, direct addressin module (DMA), port O (P0), the port one～6 (various combinations of some peripheral modules of P1～P6), basic timer (BasicTimer) etc.Use house dog to prevent program fleet in the example; Timer A uses the work of finishing the relevant time simultaneously with B; 12 multichannel ADC collect the data of battery status detection module; Port connects liquid crystal display screen, keyboard etc.
2. by the battery status detecting unit battery status is monitored 1 in real time) as shown in Figure 3, cell voltage carried out dividing potential drop after, the voltage follower that utilizes OP07 to form is sent battery voltage signal into AD.
2) as shown in Figure 4, adopt a reverse adder and a reverser that the signal of importing is processed, so that can import the AD port of single-chip microcomputer; The sampling resistor method is adopted in current measurement, and the voltage on the sampling resistor is imported by SRC1.Sampling resistor is 0.05 Ω, rated power 5W, precision 1%.Owing to need to control,, need through the voltage lifting after the single-chip microcomputer sampling so that the pressure drop on the sampling resistor has is positive and negative to the charging and discharging currents of battery.The size of the charging current of battery below 1A, so the pressure drop of sampling resistor be-0.05V～+ 0.05V.Amplify for more accurate realization in the operational amplification circuit, reduce error, select anti-phase add circuit.The output voltage range of considering amplifier is 0V～3.7V, and the reference voltage of single-chip microcomputer is output as 2.5V, so the multiplication factor of the anti-phase add circuit of the first order is 0.5 and 25 times, the second level only is the sampling of negative circuit coupling single-chip microcomputer.In conjunction with the Chip-R value, actual multiplication factor is taken as 0.5 times and 21.95 times.
3) as shown in Figure 5, select for use the DS1820 digital temperature sensor to measure battery temperature.
3. utilize MOSFET as power control member, accept control signal and carry out PWM copped wave; 1) as shown in Figure 6, select for use flash MOSFET and low limit MOSFET to constitute.Turn-off generation PWM ripple by the conducting of MOSFET, P-MOSFET is as flash, the low limit of N-MOSFET conduct.In order to prevent the current break of inductance, added fly-wheel diode.For better filtering, inductance is got 5uH, electric capacity 100uf; 2) as shown in Figure 6, utilize optocoupler that power circuit and single chip circuit are isolated.Too small for the output current that solves single-chip microcomputer, need after triode amplifies, could to drive optocoupler, because MOSFET need reliable turn-off when powering on, so selection positive-negative-positive triode.Transmission curve by MOSFET knows that the driving voltage of H-MOSFET IRF9530 need be lower than-4.7V, and the driving voltage of L-MOSFET IRF740 is higher than 4.6V ID just can reach 1A.The V/0.5mA=1.2k Ω of RB＞(3.3-0.7) and can not be excessive otherwise Ic is too small, the multiplication factor of one triode is 200 times, Ic=IB*200=100mA is so choose Rc＞92 Ω so that the triode value of reaching capacity, the flow through electric current I c＜25mA (IFmax of optocoupler) of optocoupler of restriction.Grid seals in 10 Ω resistance in order to reduce its parasitic oscillation.
4. in order to simplify the operation, the dangerous influence of avoiding polarity to misplace bringing utilizes relay element to finish polarity and corrects circuit as shown in Figure 7, and two LM324 device of making comparisons uses.JC20, the JC21 output battery conditional code of plugging into, program are tabled look-up and are judged the battery state of plugging into, if negative just down on the battery, connect K3; Otherwise if, then connect K4, battery polar overturns automatically; Q7, Q8 guarantee the reliable adhesive of relay as driving triode.
Claims (7)
1. battery intelligent management system, comprise central control unit and battery status detecting unit, described battery status detecting unit detects the voltage of battery, charge/discharge current, state of temperature information is also sent into detected information the I/O mouth and the AD port of central control unit, it is characterized in that, described management system also comprises PWM copped wave output unit, battery polar is corrected unit and man-machine interaction unit automatically, PWM copped wave output unit receives the control signal that central control unit is sent, the controlled state of control battery, described battery polar is corrected the unit automatically and is connected in parallel on the battery two ends, be connected output battery link information with central control unit by comparator; Described man-machine interaction unit is connected with central control unit with four control buss with eight show bus, the operating state of display system, and accept user's control.
2. a kind of battery intelligent management according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that, described central control unit comprises MCU processor and peripheral circuit, described peripheral circuit comprises high-frequency clock generation circuit, low-speed clock generation circuit, electrify restoration circuit and decoupling circuit, and described MCU processor has PWM generator in AD in the sheet, on-chip timer, the interior house dog of sheet and the sheet.
3. a kind of battery intelligent management according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that, described battery status detecting unit comprises the battery voltage detection amplifying circuit, battery current detects amplifying circuit, the digital temperature testing circuit, described battery voltage detection amplifying circuit and battery current detect the equal output voltage signal of amplifying circuit, link to each other with AD port in the sheet of single-chip microcomputer, described digital temperature testing circuit output digital signal, link to each other with the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer, described battery voltage detection amplifying circuit is made up of bleeder circuit and voltage follower, the input section is attempted by the battery two ends, described battery current detects amplifying circuit and is made up of the two stage amplifer circuit, the first order is anti-phase adder, the second level is inverter, and input is connected on the high-power sampling resistor of the little resistance two ends that are connected in the cell circuit.
4. a kind of battery intelligent management according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that, described PWM copped wave output unit comprises drive circuit, power copped wave element, filter circuit, described drive circuit is accepted the pwm control signal from single-chip microcomputer output, amplify through triode, carry out copped wave through light-coupled isolation rear drive MOSET power component again, the voltage signal after the copped wave is removed the high frequency clutter by described filter circuit, with the battery two ends and connect.
5. a kind of battery intelligent management according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that, described battery polar is corrected the unit automatically and is comprised polarity detection circuit and polarity correction circuit, described polarity detection circuit is made up of two comparators, with just the connecing of two output expression batteries, reversal connection, unsettled, four kinds of states of short circuit, send into the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer, described polarity is corrected circuit and is made up of two relays and drive circuit, according to the control signal folding of central control unit, the control battery just connects, reversal connection, unsettled.
6. a kind of battery intelligent management according to claim 1 system is characterized in that described man-machine interaction unit comprises liquid crystal display screen and keyboard, and described liquid crystal display screen is single color point configuration 12864 liquid crystal display screens, is connected with single-chip microcomputer by eight show bus.
7. a kind of battery intelligent management according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that, described battery intelligent management system also is included as the power subsystem of whole system power supply, described power subsystem comprises+the 3.3V voltage generation circuit and-the 5V voltage generation circuit ,+5V voltage is provided by external power source.
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| CN102539973A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-04 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Charge and discharge detecting system of electric automobile |
| CN102673420A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-09-19 | 深圳市陆地方舟电动车有限公司 | Intelligent management system of electric automobile lead-acid battery |
| CN102680901A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-09-19 | 北京宏达天恒科技有限公司 | Electronic energy detection system and method |
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