CN201690240U - Grid-connected wind-solar complementary control inverter - Google Patents
Grid-connected wind-solar complementary control inverter Download PDFInfo
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- CN201690240U CN201690240U CN2010202170428U CN201020217042U CN201690240U CN 201690240 U CN201690240 U CN 201690240U CN 2010202170428 U CN2010202170428 U CN 2010202170428U CN 201020217042 U CN201020217042 U CN 201020217042U CN 201690240 U CN201690240 U CN 201690240U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model aims to provide a grid-connected wind-solar complementary control inverter, which comprises an accumulator charging unit, a DC-DC (direct current-direct current) boost voltage-stabilizing unit, a grid-connected inversion unit and an accumulator, wherein the accumulator charging unit is connected with the DC-DC boost voltage-stabilizing unit, and the DC-DC boost voltage-stabilizing unit is connected with the grid-connected inversion unit and the accumulator. In the utility model, the complementation of solar energy and wind energy is utilized to make the electricity generation time get long, improve the continuity of current injected to a power grid and effectively improve the utilization ratios of the solar energy and the wind energy; the automatic tracking system of a solar-cell panel is adopted to correct the horizontal angle and the pitch angle of the solar-cell panel at every moment so as to make the electricity generation efficiency of a solar generating system reach the top. In the utility model, a PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) stepless unloading is adopted to ensure the optimal accumulator charging property; the current closed loop of the inverter is realized by adopting an analog device, and thereby, the response speed of the system is increased, the tracking property of the inversion current on the voltage of the power grid is ensured and the power factor is increased.
Description
(1) technical field
The utility model relates to power electronic technology, is exactly a kind of connected grid wind-light complementation control inverting device specifically.
(2) background technology
There are the following problems for traditional parallel net type wind light mutual complementing controller: (1) solar panel adopts fixed supply power mode mostly, the incident angle that solar panel can not the real-time tracking sunlight, and solar energy utilization rate is lower; (2) solar panel also has a small amount of employing solar energy track following mode, promptly goes out the running orbit of sun every day in 1 year according to the running orbit Equation for Calculating of the sun.The shortcoming of this method is that be in operation control system and motor exists the mechanical deformation of cumulative errors, drive system, so tracking effect is not ideal enough.(3) be incorporated into the power networks the feedback mode mostly with line voltage given as the feedback electric current, saturated, the distortion of line voltage can cause and comprise a large amount of harmonic wave compositions in the feedback electric current, cause electric network pollution.
(3) summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of connected grid wind-light complementation control inverting device.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that it is made up of boost voltage regulation unit, parallel network reverse unit and storage battery of charge in batteries unit, DC-DC, the charge in batteries unit connects the DC-DC voltage regulation unit that boosts, and the DC-DC voltage regulation unit that boosts connects parallel network reverse unit and storage battery.The utility model also has following technical characterictic:
(1) described charge in batteries unit comprises wind power generation unit, solar power generation unit and discharging circuit, and the wind power generation unit connects solar power generation unit, and solar power generation unit connects discharging circuit.
(2) described wind power generation unit comprises wind energy conversion system, magneto alternator and rectification circuit, and wind energy conversion system connects magneto alternator, and magneto alternator connects rectification circuit.
(3) described solar power generation unit comprises photodetector unit, dual-axle motor driver element, pitching adjustment stepping motor, horizontal adjusting stepping motor and solar panel, photodetector unit connects the dual-axle motor driver element, the dual-axle motor driver element connects pitching respectively and adjusts stepping motor and horizontal adjusting stepping motor, and pitching is adjusted stepping motor and is connected solar panel respectively with the horizontal adjusting stepping motor.
(4) the described DC-DC voltage regulation unit that boosts comprises booster circuit, first drive circuit, first sample circuit and first digital signal processing circuit, booster circuit connects first drive circuit and first sample circuit, and first drive circuit is connected first digital signal processing circuit respectively with first sample circuit.
(5) described parallel network reverse unit comprises three-phase inverter, reactor, second sample circuit, second drive circuit, SG circuit, low-pass filter circuit, zero-crossing comparator, three-phase synchrotrans and second digital signal processor, three-phase inverter connects the reactor and second drive circuit, second drive circuit connects the SG circuit, the SG circuit connects low-pass filter circuit and reactor, zero-crossing comparator connects the three-phase synchrotrans and second digital signal processor, and second digital signal processor connects second sample circuit and low-pass filter circuit.
A kind of connected grid wind-light complementation control inverting device of the utility model utilizes solar energy and wind energy complementary, makes generating dutation elongated, improves the continuity of the electric current that injects to electrical network, effectively improves solar energy and Wind Power Utilization efficient; Adopt the solar panel automatic tracking system, the level angle of time correction solar panel and luffing angle make the generating efficiency of solar power system reach the highest; The utility model adopts the stepless off-load of PWM, under normal off-load situation, can guarantee that battery tension is near float charge voltage, just unnecessary electric energy is discharged in the off-load, and guaranteed best charge in batteries characteristic, and make electric energy be fully used, guarantee the life of storage battery; The current closed-loop of inverter adopts analogue device to realize, improves the response speed of system, guarantees the tracking characteristics of inverter current to line voltage, improves power factor.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is a solar units structured flowchart of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is the installation diagram of smooth detecting sensor of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is a solar energy tracking of the present utility model unit main program flow chart;
Fig. 5 is that Photoelectric Detection of the present utility model is adjusted subroutine flow chart;
Fig. 6 is a solar energy tracking of the present utility model unit CAP1 interruption subroutine flow chart;
Fig. 7 is solar energy tracking element timer 1 a underflow interruption subroutine flow chart of the present utility model;
The given oscillogram of two-phase sine ladder wave phase current when Fig. 8 is 800Hz for frequency of the present utility model;
Given electric current (A) and feedback current (B) oscillogram when Fig. 9 frequency of the present utility model is 800Hz;
Two-phase feedback current oscillogram when Figure 10 frequency of the present utility model is 800Hz;
Figure 11 is the stepless discharging circuit schematic diagram of PWM of the present utility model;
Figure 12 is the DC-DC of the present utility model voltage regulation unit circuit theory diagrams that boost;
Figure 13 DC-DC of the present utility model voltage regulation unit main circuit schematic diagram that boosts;
Figure 14 is a bootstrapping drive circuit schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Figure 15 is the DC-DC of the present utility model voltage regulation unit output voltage sampling circuit figure that boosts;
Figure 16 is the DC-DC of the present utility model voltage regulation unit program flow diagram that boosts;
Figure 17 is the DC-DC of the present utility model voltage regulation unit output voltage AD sampling interrupt service subroutine that boosts;
Figure 18 is the DC-DC of the present utility model voltage regulation unit PI subprogram of boosting;
Figure 19 is grid-connected inverter circuit figure of the present utility model;
Figure 20 is a parallel network reverse main circuit diagram of the present utility model;
Figure 21 is the battery tension sample circuit of utility model;
Figure 22 is the synchronizing signal acquisition cuicuit that is incorporated into the power networks of the present utility model;
Figure 23 is generation, amplification, the isolated drive circuit figure of parallel network reverse control signal of the present utility model;
Figure 24 is sinusoidal wave perunit value generating principle figure of the present utility model;
Figure 25 is a sine-wave subdivision schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Figure 26 is the three-phase current closed loop schematic diagram that is incorporated into the power networks of the present utility model;
Figure 27 is a grid-connected inverter circuit program flow diagram of the present utility model;
Figure 28 is a parallel network reverse DSP3CAP1 interrupt service subroutine flow chart of the present utility model;
Figure 29 is a parallel network reverse DSP3T1 software timer interrupt service subroutine flow chart of the present utility model.
(5) embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail for example below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1: in conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of connected grid wind-light complementation control inverting device of the utility model, it is made up of boost voltage regulation unit (2), parallel network reverse unit (3) and storage battery (4) of charge in batteries unit (1), DC-DC, charge in batteries unit (1) connects the DC-DC voltage regulation unit (2) that boosts, and the DC-DC voltage regulation unit (2) that boosts connects parallel network reverse unit (3) and storage battery (4).The utility model also has following technical characterictic:
Described charge in batteries unit (1) comprises wind power generation unit (8), solar power generation unit (9) and discharging circuit (15), and wind power generation unit (8) connect solar power generation unit (9), and solar power generation unit (9) connects discharging circuit (15).
Described wind power generation unit (8) comprises wind energy conversion system (5), magneto alternator (6) and rectification circuit (7), and wind energy conversion system (5) connects magneto alternator (6), and magneto alternator (6) connects rectification circuit (7).
Described solar power generation unit (9) comprises photodetector unit (10), dual-axle motor driver element (11), pitching adjustment stepping motor (12), horizontal adjusting stepping motor (13) and solar panel (14), photodetector unit (10) connects dual-axle motor driver element (11), dual-axle motor driver element (11) connects pitching respectively and adjusts stepping motor (12) and horizontal adjusting stepping motor (13), and pitching is adjusted stepping motor (12) and is connected solar panel (14) respectively with horizontal adjusting stepping motor (13).
The described DC-DC voltage regulation unit (2) that boosts comprises booster circuit (16), first drive circuit (17), first sample circuit (18) and first digital signal processing circuit (19), booster circuit (16) connects first drive circuit (17) and first sample circuit (18), and first drive circuit (17) is connected first digital signal processing circuit (19) respectively with first sample circuit (18).
Described parallel network reverse unit (3) comprises three-phase inverter (20), reactor (21), second sample circuit (22), second drive circuit (23), SG circuit (24), low-pass filter circuit (25), zero-crossing comparator (26), three-phase synchrotrans (27) and second digital signal processor (28), three-phase inverter (20) connects reactor (21) and second drive circuit (23), second drive circuit (23) connects SG circuit (24), SG circuit (24) connects low-pass filter circuit (25) and reactor (21), zero-crossing comparator (26) connects three-phase synchrotrans (27) and second digital signal processor (28), and second digital signal processor (28) connects second sample circuit (22) and low-pass filter circuit (25).
Embodiment 2: in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 20, Figure 23, a kind of connected grid wind-light complementation control inverting device of the utility model, have following feature: the solar energy tracking control device is realized the tracking to solar incident angle, makes solar panel keep the maximum power generating state; The direct current accumulators power supply that the variable voltage variable frequency alternating current of wind-driven generator output sends with solar panel after rectification, for preventing accumulator super-charge, the working method of the stepless off-load of employing PWM has realized the over-charge protective to storage battery; Adopt high frequency transformer to realize the DC-DC conversion, low-pressure side adopts the single-phase full bridge working method to realize the DC-AC conversion, high frequency transformer is adopted in the AC-DC conversion, adopts the output voltage close-loop control mode, thereby obtains a direct voltage stable, that be higher than the line voltage peak value; The application software Phase Lock Technique, adopt DSP (digital signal processor) that the zero crossing of line voltage is carried out synchronized sampling, then the periodic quantity that calculates is divided equally, and with the line voltage zero crossing as synchronously, employing (the sine table of tabling look-up, being perunit value) mode exports three-phase SPWM ripple, through obtaining the given signal of three-phase sine-wave output as the feedback electric current that is incorporated into the power networks after the Filtering Processing, realizes being incorporated into the power networks feedback electric current and line voltage with frequency, homophase by the control of hardware current closed-loop.As shown in Figure 1, the utility model is a kernel control chip with three DSP (DSP1, DSP2, DSP3) TMS320LF2407A, mainly is made of three parts, i.e. boost voltage regulation unit and parallel network reverse unit of charge in batteries unit, DC-DC.(1) the charge in batteries unit is key control unit with DSP1, form by stepless off-load three parts of solar power generation, wind power generation and PWM, wherein solar power generation unit comprises that angle of incidence of sunlight light detects link and double-shaft solar plate tracking means two parts, and purpose is to realize the maximum power output of solar energy; The wind power generation unit is that the variable voltage variable frequency alternating current with wind-driven generator output becomes direct current, is charge in batteries with the output of solar energy; The stepless off-load control unit of PWM is that battery tension is detected control, to prevent overcharge of a battery; (2) the DC-DC voltage regulation unit that boosts is that core constitutes by high frequency transformer and DSP2TMS320LF2407A, comprise that low-pressure side full bridge power topology, high frequency transformer, output filtering, electric current and voltage detect, adopt DSP2TMS320LF2407A that the high-pressure side output voltage is carried out closed-loop control simultaneously, the voltage stabilizing thereby realization DC-DC boosts, target is to obtain a direct voltage that is higher than the grid ac voltage peak value; (3) the parallel network reverse unit is a key control unit with DSP3, comprises that the synchronous detecting of line voltage, software are phase-locked, SPWM generation and filtering, power factor be-1 hardware current closed-loop control.
The utility model comprises: charge in batteries unit, DC-DC boost voltage regulation unit and parallel network reverse unit.Fig. 2 is the solar energy tracking device structured flowchart, form by solar energy testing circuit, twin shaft driving governor, twin shaft composite stepper motor, can detect the azimuth of sun incident light, rotation by control twin shaft composite stepper motor, make solar panel in real time over against the direction of the sun, thereby realize maximally utilising sunlight.Fig. 3 is the Photoelectric Detection sensor installation location drawing, uses incidence angle and the light intensity detecting element of 6 photocells as sunlight, and sends detecting magnitude of voltage into A/D conversion mouthful ADINC4～9 of DSP1TMS320LF2407A.Controller realized by the DSP1TMS320LF2407A that TI company produces, its at a high speed data-handling capacity (as the processing speed of 40MHz) and abundant outer establish resource (as two 6 road PWM export, 16 road A/D ALT-CH alternate channels) provide material guarantee for the realization of double-shaft solar tracking means.That power drive unit is produced by IR company, realize that based on the IR2130 of bootstrap technique this chip for driving inside has 3 independently high-end and low side output channels, can control the turn-on and turn-off of 6 power switch pipes simultaneously.IR2130 inside has overcurrent, overvoltage/undervoltage protection, blocks output and fault indication function, can realize the protection of device for power switching easily.Described double-axis tracking motor by two cheap, be suitable for positioning control three-phase hybrid stepping motor and constitute, adopt the sine-wave subdivision technology to realize the accurate location of servomotor simultaneously.
The stepless unloading way of PWM, as shown in figure 11, when battery tension was too high, the excess energy that control system must be sent wind-driven generator and solar panel discharged by off-load resistance.Common control mode is to adopt the impedance unloading way, and this moment, storage battery generally also was not full of, but energy all consumes in off-load, thereby has caused the waste of energy.The then employing classification off-load that has, progression is many more, and the control effect is good more, but generally can only accomplish about five or six grades, so effect is still not ideal enough.The control mode that the utility model adopts is that PWM (pulse-width modulation) mode is carried out stepless off-load, promptly can reach thousands of grades off-load.So, under normal off-load situation, can guarantee that the battery tension all-the-time stable is at the floating charge pressure point.When battery tension during greater than set point, the duty ratio of PWM output increases, be equivalent to become big at storage battery two ends shunt load, the unnecessary power consumption of wind-driven generator and solar panel output is on off-load resistance, thereby guaranteed the charge characteristic of storage battery the best, and the useful life of having guaranteed storage battery.The utility model adopts under-voltage protection control; A/D mouth ADINC10 by DSP1 gathers battery tension; become digital quantity by analog quantity and enter DSP1; when the cell voltage of gathering during less than under-voltage set point; IOPD0 to DSP2,3 IOPA0 are shut down in output, and boost voltage stabilizing and inversion unit are quit work.
As shown in figure 12, the DC-DC voltage regulation unit that boosts is that core constitutes by high frequency transformer and DSP2, comprise that low-pressure side full bridge power topology, high frequency transformer, output filtering, electric current and voltage detect, adopt DSP to realize the closed-loop control of output high side voltage simultaneously, the voltage stabilizing control thereby realization DC-DC boosts, the target of this link is to obtain a direct voltage that is higher than the grid ac voltage peak value, because grid line voltage is 380V, therefore the VD of the DC-DC conversion of setting is 650V.The DSP2TMS320LF2407A that the key control unit of net-connected controller adopts TI company to produce realizes, its at a high speed data-handling capacity (as the processing speed of 40MHz) and enrich the peripheral hardware resource (as two 6 road PWM export, 16 road A/D ALT-CH alternate channels) provide material guarantee for the realization of parallel net type inverter.Net-connected controller application software Phase Lock Technique, adopt DSP3TMS320LF2407A that the zero crossing of line voltage is carried out synchronized sampling, then the periodic quantity that calculates is divided into 1024 parts, with the value after dividing equally is the cycle set point of timer T1, and with the line voltage zero crossing as synchronizing signal, start timer 1 cycle interruption, employing (the sine table of tabling look-up, being perunit value) mode obtains sinusoidal wave perunit value, this value and storage battery sampled voltage multiply each other and generate three-phase SPWM ripple, through realizing three-phase sine-wave output after the low-pass filtering treatment.Software Phase-Lock has avoided causing owing to line voltage is saturated feedback current distortion, THDi problem bigger than normal.
The output of net-connected controller employing three-phase sine-wave realizes that by the control of hardware current closed-loop feedback electric current and line voltage are with frequency, homophase as the given signal of current feedback.The hardware circuit of output current feedback control as shown in figure 20, with SG3525 is kernel control chip, carry out electric current loop PI with the feedback electric current and regulate electric current is given, the break-make of the PWM duty ratio control inverter power switch pipe of its output, thus guaranteed the quick tracking characteristics of feedback electric current and line voltage.Shown in Figure 23, net-connected controller adopts isolated form power drive chip TLP250 to realize that this chip can drive the 50A/1200VIGBT power switch pipe.
Embodiment 3: in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Figure 12, Figure 19, Figure 22, Figure 24, the utility model adopts the mode of wind light mutual complementing, has guaranteed the complementation of different period energy output; It is kernel control chip that charhing unit adopts DSP1, in order to improve solar energy utilization rate, adopt solar photoelectric detection mode and double-axis tracking technology, the incident angle of real-time tracing sunlight, guarantee that solar panel is vertical with the incident ray of sunlight, thereby realized the utilization of device of solar generating maximal efficiency; The DC-DC voltage regulation unit that boosts adopts the pattern conversion of DC-AC-AC-DC, low-pressure side adopts the single-phase full bridge working method to realize the DC-AC conversion, high frequency transformer is adopted in the AC-AC conversion, the AC-DC conversion adopts rectification and low-pass filtering to realize, the DC-DC voltage regulation unit that boosts is that core devices constitutes by high frequency transformer and DSP2, adopt optocoupler TLP521 that the direct voltage of output is detected, carry out the A/D conversion of DC bus-bar voltage by DSP2, Voltage loop PI regulates, its output has the control signal of the pwm signal of certain duty ratio as low-pressure side full bridge power switching tube, realized boost voltage stabilizing control of DC-DC, be higher than the line voltage peak value thereby obtain one, galvanic current is pressed; The parallel net type inverter is that core constitutes by DSP3 and hardware current closed-loop control circuit, adopt mixed-control mode, wherein DSP3 realize network voltage detection, software locks handle mutually, with the synchronous functions such as SPWM ripple generation of line voltage, hardware current closed-loop control circuit is core with SG3525, will be through the given signal of the three-phase sine-wave that obtains after Filtering Processing output as current feedback, realize that by the control of hardware current closed-loop feedback electric current and line voltage are with frequency, homophase.
The utility model mainly is made of three parts, i.e. boost voltage regulation unit and parallel network reverse unit of charge in batteries unit, DC-DC.
1) charge in batteries unit
As shown in Figure 1, the charge in batteries unit comprises the stepless off-load three parts composition of solar recharging, wind power generation and PWM, the solar recharging unit comprises that sunlight detects link and double-shaft solar plate tracking means two parts, purpose is to realize the maximum power output of solar energy, and the stepless off-load control unit of PWM is that battery tension is detected, to prevent overcharge of a battery.
As shown in Figure 2, it is that kernel control chip is realized that the solar charging electric unit adopts DSP1TMS320LF2407A, mainly comprises: (1) photoelectric testing sensor; (2) twin shaft driver element.Photoelectric testing sensor is made up of six photocells, carries out the photocell voltage detecting by the A/D mouth of DSP1.Implementation method is as described below: the incidence angle of light on cell panel decomposed from pitching and two angles of level, be divided into four quadrants altogether.Detect the pitching of sunray and the deviation of level angle with four photocells, and disregard the size of angle, only distinguish the incline direction of pitching or level.When light when some angles are not orthogonal to solar panel, DSP1 can detect this deviation immediately, sends control command and drives corresponding motor and rotate, and to reduce this deviation, has realized the real-time tracking to sunray.Cell panel a photocell is installed in order to detecting the light power respectively towards sunny side with by sunny side, when night or light intensity are too weak, stop to follow the tracks of.
As shown in Figure 2, the twin shaft driving governor is core processor with TMS320LF2407A, the accurate location of adopting three-phase sine-wave segmentation Driving technique to realize the twin shaft composite stepper motor.Mainly comprise following a few part: (1) phase winding current detecting and processing links: the phase winding current detecting adopts the current Hall transducer, sends into the A/D conversion mouth of DSP1 after current sampling signal is handled through accurate full-wave rectification, low-pass filtering treatment, voltage clamp.(2) power driving circuit adopt that IR company produces, realize that based on the IR2130 of bootstrap technique system comprises two three-phase inverter bridge circuits altogether.(3) direction instruction and step-by-step impulse: photodetector unit produces direction instruction and step-by-step impulse, and sends into stepper motor driver, the operation of control step motor, and wherein the step-by-step impulse generator adopts NE555 to constitute, and producing frequency is the square-wave signal of 800Hz.(4) system failure detection and protection: system has complete fault detect and defencive function; realize overcurrent, overvoltage, fault detect such as overheated by IR2130; simultaneously fault-signal is sent into the PDPINTA/PDPINTB pin of DSP1; this moment, DSP1 was changed to high-impedance state with the PWM output pin automatically, and inverter quits work.Simultaneously, cut off the direct current supply voltage of twin shaft drive system immediately, protect device for power switching not to be damaged with this.
Secondary battery protection circuit comprises overvoltage protection, under-voltage protection etc.Described overvoltage protection is meant the terminal voltage that detects storage battery, when it enables the stepless off-load of PWM, the safety of protection control device during greater than higher limit.Described under-voltage protection is meant when the terminal voltage ADINC10 when storage battery is lower than a lower limit, and IOPD0 to DSP2,3 IOPA0 are shut down in DSP1 output, and boost voltage regulation unit and the feedback inversion transformation unit that is incorporated into the power networks of DC-DC quit work.
2) the DC-DC voltage regulation unit that boosts
The pattern conversion of DC-AC-AC-DC is adopted in the DC-DC conversion, and low-pressure side adopts the single-phase full bridge working method to realize the DC-AC conversion, and high frequency transformer is adopted in the AC-AC conversion, and the AC-DC conversion adopts rectification and low-pass filtering to realize.As shown in figure 12, the DC-DC voltage regulation unit that boosts is that core devices constitutes by high frequency transformer and DSP2TMS320LF2407A, adopt optocoupler that the direct voltage of output is detected, the A/D conversion, the Voltage loop PI that are carried out DC bus-bar voltage by DSP2 regulate, its output is as the control signal of low-pressure side full bridge power topological structure power switch pipe, realized boost voltage stabilizing control of DC-DC, thus obtain one be higher than the line voltage peak value, galvanic current presses.
3) parallel network reverse unit
As shown in figure 19, combining inverter is that core constitutes by DSP3TMS320LF2407A and hardware current closed-loop control circuit, adopt mixed-control mode, wherein DSP3TMS320LF2407A realize that line voltage detects with battery tension, software locks is handled mutually, with the synchronous functions such as SPWM ripple generation of line voltage, hardware current closed-loop control circuit is core with SG3525, will be through the given signal of the three-phase sine-wave that obtains after Filtering Processing output as current feedback, realize that by the control of hardware current closed-loop feedback electric current and line voltage are with frequency, homophase.
As shown in figure 22, obtaining of line voltage synchronizing signal is to utilize three-phase synchronous buck transformer to obtain a sinusoidal signal that amplitude is less from electrical network, adopt the zero passage comparison circuit to obtain a square-wave signal synchronous with line voltage, the rising edge of catching this square wave by DSP can obtain the synchronizing signal of line voltage.
DSP TMS320LF2407A adopts software Phase-Lock, zero crossing to line voltage carries out synchronized sampling, then the periodic quantity that calculates is divided into 1024 parts, and with the line voltage zero crossing as synchronizing signal, value after dividing equally with periodic quantity is that new timer cycle value starts the software timer cycle interruption, enter timer Interrupt Process subprogram when treating cycle interruption, in interrupt service subroutine, increase 1 counting and the (sine table of tabling look-up, being perunit value) sinusoidal wave perunit value and the storage battery sample voltage value that obtains of will tabling look-up multiply each other, thereby obtaining with line voltage is the output of synchronous SPWM signal, and it is given that this signal is carried out obtaining the three-phase sine-wave electric current after the Filtering Processing.Hardware current closed-loop control circuit is core with SG3525, multiply each other given as grid-connected current of battery tension and standard sine wave, carry out PI with the actual grid-connected current of feedback by analogue device SG3525 and regulate output SPWM signal, break-make by TLP250 driver element control inverter circuit IGBT, thereby realize feedback electric current and line voltage with frequency, homophase, sinusoidal wave generating principle figure as shown in figure 24.
Embodiment 4: in conjunction with Fig. 1--Fig. 7, Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 12, Figure 14, Figure 22, Figure 23, the utility model wind light mutual complementing control inverter that is incorporated into the power networks, system is by being that (Fig. 1) formed in the control core unit with DSP (DSP1, DSP2, DSP3), the transformation of wind-driven generator output, the direct current accumulators power supply that the frequency-changing AC electricity sends with solar power generation unit after rectification are boosted by DC-DC and are obtained a direct voltage stable, that be higher than the line voltage peak value after voltage stabilizing is handled.Pass through three-phase inverter again, inject and the alternating current of line voltage with frequency, homophase to electrical network.
1) charge in batteries unit
The charge in batteries unit comprises the stepless off-load three parts composition of solar recharging, wind power generation and PWM, the solar recharging unit comprises that sunlight detects link and double-shaft solar plate tracking means two parts, purpose is to realize the maximum power output of solar energy, and the stepless off-load control unit of PWM is that battery tension is detected, to prevent overcharge of a battery.
Solar panel adopts automatic tracking system, makes solar panel vertical with sunray all the time, makes solar panel can realize maximum power output.The general structure of solar energy tracking unit is that micro-stepping driving of stepping motor device and two three-phase hybrid stepping motors of core are formed by optical detection device, with DSP1TMS320LF2407A as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Figure 3, solar panel go out respectively to install a photocell towards sunny side with by sunny side, current intensity of illumination is judged according to the magnitude of voltage of photocell feedback in real time by system, whether decision continues to follow the tracks of, flow process is as shown in Figure 4.Incident ray is carried out four-quadrant decompose on the plane parallel with solar panel, be divided into pitching and horizontal both direction, utilize a pair of photocell to carry out the intensity of illumination detection then respectively in pitching and horizontal direction.4 photocells are installed in below the lighttight shadow shield, and photocell 1,3 detects the light incident direction deviation of pitch orientation, photocell 2,4 detection level direction angle of incidence of light degree.Four photocells are placed on around the shadow shield symmetrically, and each photocell all has half to be covered by shadow shield.When sunray was vertical with shadow shield, two photocell sensitive volumes equated that output voltage equates.When angle of sun rays slightly is offset, the shaded area that shadow shield produces on unidirectional two photocells will change, two photronic sensitive volumes are unequal, and output voltage is also no longer equal, and light is partial to the bigger photocell of output voltage one side.As shown in Figure 2, the voltage of testing circuit output is sent into the A/D mouth of DSP, the DSP testing result is judged sunray and is partial to the high side of feedback voltage in a pair of photocell, DSP also provides the direction signal that stepping motor rotates simultaneously according to the capture interrupt of correspondent voltage unblanking correspondence, the step motor drive unit is brought into operation, the control solar panel rotates, and makes it vertical with sunray gradually, and software flow as shown in Figure 5.Wherein, DSP starts the CAP1 interruption when two optical sensors of pitch orientation produce deviation signal, and two optical sensors of horizontal direction start CAP4 when producing deviation signals to interrupt.After DSP response capture interrupt, just according to the step-by-step impulse inquiry sine ladder wave electric current set-point that captures, thus the starter motor driver, stepping motor just rotates according to given direction and with the sine-wave subdivision control mode.In addition, solar panel towards sunny side with by sunny side the photocell that detects intensity of illumination has been installed respectively, DSP judges current intensity of illumination according to the photronic magnitude of voltage of sampling, if less than the intensity of illumination of setting, such as evening or when The sky is overcast, then system stops to follow the tracks of.
There are shortcomings such as low-frequency oscillation, noise, step-out and high frequency output torque be little in tradition synchronizing operation stepping motor, and this patent adopts the sine-wave subdivision technology, has obtained good control effect.For three-phase hybrid stepping motor, if pass to respectively that amplitude equates for its three phase winding and the space on differ the sine ladder wave electric currents of 120 degree, then He Cheng current phasor rotatablely moves in the space constant amplitude, and rotor is just followed this vector and done the stepping rotation.In control procedure, introduce current feedback, feedback current is PI with the given current value that checks in and is regulated in sine table after the A/D conversion, the value that obtains is write comparison control register CMPR, by the duty ratio control motor operation of control output PWM, wherein EVA and EVB inquire about sine ladder wave electric current set-point respectively in capture interrupt 1 and capture interrupt 4.The EVA of DSP produces PWM1～PWM6, and EVB produces PWM7～PWM12, drives pitching and horizontal adjusting stepping motor respectively.Capture interrupt 1 and timer 1 underflow interruption subroutine are the object research that experimentizes with three-phase hybrid stepping motor 110BYG350A respectively as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, its rotor number of teeth 50, rated current 2.4A.The current Hall transducer adopts space ripple current Hall transducer CHB-25NP, and no-load voltage ratio is 1000: 1.Battery tension 24V in the test, frequency 800Hz, segmentation number are 6 measured waveform figure.Fig. 8 is A, the given oscillogram of B two-phase sine ladder wave phase current, and Fig. 9 is given electric current and feedback current waveform, and Figure 10 is a two-phase feedback current oscillogram.
The stepless discharging circuit of PWM: native system has added the stepless discharging circuit of PWM, as shown in figure 11, when battery tension during greater than set point, comparator is output as high level, and when battery tension was lower than set point, comparator was output as low level, the output of comparator is driven by IR2110, the conducting of control switch pipe and shutoff, unnecessary electric energy is added on the off-load resistance during with overtension, just can prevent the overtension of storage battery.Native system adopts the hardware protection measure, can prevent from still can protect storage battery and control device effectively when chip breaks down.
2) the DC-DC voltage regulation unit that boosts
The pattern conversion of DC-AC-AC-DC is adopted in the DC-DC conversion, and low-pressure side adopts the single-phase full bridge working method to realize the DC-AC conversion, and high frequency transformer is adopted in the AC-AC conversion, and the AC-DC conversion adopts rectification and low-pass filtering to realize.As shown in figure 12, the DC-DC voltage regulation unit that boosts is that core devices constitutes by high frequency transformer with DSP, adopt optocoupler TLP521 (by adjusting R34, make it work in the linear work district) direct voltage of exporting is detected, the A/D conversion, the Voltage loop PI that are carried out DC bus-bar voltage by DSP regulate, its output is as the control signal of low-pressure side full bridge power topological structure power switch pipe VT1～VT4, realized boost voltage stabilizing control of DC-DC, thereby obtain one be higher than the line voltage peak value, galvanic current presses, this paper is set at 650V.
The DC-DC voltage boosting and stabilizing circuit as shown in figure 12.
The utility model adopts the supply power mode of high frequency transformer, and high frequency transformer is compared the volume that has reduced transformer greatly with conventional Industrial Frequency Transformer, and simultaneously because transformer can bidirectional excitation, so utilance is higher.Output in the utility model uses full-wave rectification, low-pass filtering mode, owing to adopt the high-frequency energy transmission means, has also reduced the volume of filter greatly.Specific practice is to adopt single closed-loop control strategy, the set point of high voltage direct current output voltage is a value that is higher than the electrical network peak values of ac, the measured value Vt of VD carries out outer voltage PI with set-point after the A/D sampling regulates, the result that PI regulates gives comparison control register CMPR0, generate PWM0, PWM1 output, drive full bridge power switching device VT1～VT4 through power drive chip I R2110, circuit as shown in figure 14.
A/D conversion and Voltage loop PI are adjusted among the DSP2TMS320LF2407A and realize that sample circuit as shown in figure 15.VD is delivered to the A/D conversion mouthful of DSP2 after by optocoupler TLP521 detection, RC (R32, C9) low pass, diode limiting; output current is through obtaining at R35 by sampling resistor, the overload protection of the A/D conversion mouthful of delivering to DSP2 behind R36, C7 filtering, diode limiting when realizing that DC-DC boosts the voltage stabilizing conversion.
3) parallel network reverse unit
Combining inverter is that core constitutes by DSP3 and hardware current closed-loop control circuit SG3525, adopt mixed-control mode, wherein DSP3 realize network voltage detection, software locks handle mutually, with the synchronous functions such as SPWM ripple generation of line voltage, hardware current closed-loop control circuit is core with SG3525, will be through the given signal of the three-phase sine-wave that obtains after Filtering Processing output as current feedback, realize that by the control of hardware current closed-loop feedback electric current and line voltage are with frequency, homophase.
Obtaining of line voltage synchronizing signal is to utilize the three-phase synchrotrans to obtain a sinusoidal signal that amplitude is less from electrical network, obtain a square-wave signal synchronous through zero balancing with line voltage, the rising edge that can catch this square wave by DSP promptly obtains the synchronizing signal of line voltage, the processing mode of three-phase synchronous signal is identical, below be example mutually with A, obtaining of synchronizing signal is described.As shown in figure 22, adopt the three-phase synchrotrans to obtain the A phase voltage signal of a small magnitude, obtain a square-wave signal synchronous through zero balancing with line voltage, this square-wave signal is delivered to mouthful CAP0 that catches of DSP, when capturing the edge of square-wave signal, enter CAP Interrupt Process subprogram, thereby realized the synchronous tracking of electrical network.
Software locks is handled mutually, be in the CAP Interrupt Process subprogram square-wave cycle to be calculated, and it is divided into 1024, and the value after dividing equally as synchronizing signal, with periodic quantity with the line voltage zero crossing is that new timer cycle value starts the software timer cycle interruption, enter timer Interrupt Process subprogram when treating cycle interruption, in interrupt service subroutine, count and table look-up (sine table is perunit value) handles, thereby to obtain with the line voltage be the SPWM signal output of synchronizing signal.B phase and C phase signals are respectively by A phase retardation and leading 120 ° of acquisitions.Because each cycle is all caught a rising edge, make each cycle all do once and proofread and correct the phase place of electric current, avoided the accumulation of phase error.
The control of hardware current closed-loop, being multiplied each other with three-phase sine-wave perunit value through the line voltage Synchronous Processing by DSP3 (TMS320LF2407A) sampling battery tension Vxu obtains the duty ratio of three-phase SPWM output, and it is given to obtain the three-phase sine-wave electric current after handling through low pass.As shown in figure 23, utilize current Hall transducer sampling grid-connected current signal to carry out the closed-loop control of the given and current feedback of electric current, the output of SG3525 is driven the upper and lower bridge arm of three-phase inverter through TLP250 with SG3525.The electric current loop closed-loop control utilizes analogue device to realize, has improved the response speed of system, and has guaranteed the tracking characteristics of inverter current to line voltage, has reduced harmonic pollution, has improved power factor.
4) system protection
Overheat protector: any electronic component and power device all have a working range; the too high normal operation that can influence system of temperature; native system is controlled by temperature switch; when temperature reaches the operating point of temperature switch; the temperature switch closure, fan is started working, when temperature lowers; temperature switch disconnects, and fan quits work.
Under-voltage protection: the utlity model has the function of under-voltage protection, the purpose of under-voltage protection is overdischarge to occur for fear of storage battery, otherwise damages storage battery easily, and may cause the stepping motor of solar automatic tracking system can't operate as normal.The realization of under-voltage protection is to detect battery tension by DSP to judge whether under-voltagely, and system quits work when battery is under-voltage.
Claims (6)
1. connected grid wind-light complementation control inverting device, it is made up of boost voltage regulation unit (2), parallel network reverse unit (3) and storage battery (4) of charge in batteries unit (1), DC-DC, it is characterized in that: charge in batteries unit (1) connects the DC-DC voltage regulation unit (2) that boosts, and the DC-DC voltage regulation unit (2) that boosts connects parallel network reverse unit (3) and storage battery (4).
2. according to a kind of connected grid wind-light complementation control inverting device shown in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: described charge in batteries unit (1) comprises wind power generation unit (8), solar power generation unit (9) and discharging circuit (15), wind power generation unit (8) connects solar power generation unit (9), and solar power generation unit (9) connects discharging circuit (15).
3. according to a kind of connected grid wind-light complementation control inverting device shown in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: described wind power generation unit (8) comprises wind energy conversion system (5), magneto alternator (6) and rectification circuit (7), wind energy conversion system (5) connects magneto alternator (6), and magneto alternator (6) connects rectification circuit (7).
4. according to a kind of connected grid wind-light complementation control inverting device shown in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: described solar power generation unit (9) comprises photodetector unit (10), dual-axle motor driver element (11), stepping motor (12) is adjusted in pitching, horizontal adjusting stepping motor (13) and solar panel (14), photodetector unit (10) connects dual-axle motor driver element (11), dual-axle motor driver element (11) connects pitching respectively and adjusts stepping motor (12) and horizontal adjusting stepping motor (13), and pitching is adjusted stepping motor (12) and is connected solar panel (14) respectively with horizontal adjusting stepping motor (13).
5. according to a kind of connected grid wind-light complementation control inverting device shown in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described DC-DC voltage regulation unit (2) that boosts comprises booster circuit (16), first drive circuit (17), first sample circuit (18) and first digital signal processing circuit (19), booster circuit (16) connects first drive circuit (17) and first sample circuit (18), and first drive circuit (17) is connected first digital signal processing circuit (19) respectively with first sample circuit (18).
6. according to a kind of connected grid wind-light complementation control inverting device shown in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: described parallel network reverse unit (3) comprises three-phase inverter (20), reactor (21), second sample circuit (22), second drive circuit (23), SG circuit (24), low-pass filter circuit (25), zero-crossing comparator (26), three-phase synchrotrans (27) and second digital signal processor (28), three-phase inverter (20) connects reactor (21) and second drive circuit (23), second drive circuit (23) connects SG circuit (24), SG circuit (24) connects low-pass filter circuit (25) and reactor (21), zero-crossing comparator (26) connects three-phase synchrotrans (27) and second digital signal processor (28), and second digital signal processor (28) connects second sample circuit (22) and low-pass filter circuit (25).
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| CN101847878A (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2010-09-29 | 哈尔滨卓尔科技有限公司 | Connected grid wind-light complementation control inverting device |
| CN103904692A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-07-02 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Wind-solar complementary off-grid and grid connection dual-mode system |
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| CN105337292A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-02-17 | 重庆臻远电气有限公司 | Synchronous sampling circuit |
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