CN201198187Y - 微孔塑料挤出*** - Google Patents

微孔塑料挤出*** Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN201198187Y
CN201198187Y CNU200720014581XU CN200720014581U CN201198187Y CN 201198187 Y CN201198187 Y CN 201198187Y CN U200720014581X U CNU200720014581X U CN U200720014581XU CN 200720014581 U CN200720014581 U CN 200720014581U CN 201198187 Y CN201198187 Y CN 201198187Y
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
gas
microporous
cellular plastic
extrusion system
plastic extrusion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNU200720014581XU
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
宋毅夫
王明治
卢玉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dalian water conservancy science research institute
Original Assignee
Dalian water conservancy science research institute
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dalian water conservancy science research institute filed Critical Dalian water conservancy science research institute
Priority to CNU200720014581XU priority Critical patent/CN201198187Y/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN201198187Y publication Critical patent/CN201198187Y/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
    • B29C48/685—Barrels or cylinders characterised by their inner surfaces, e.g. having grooves, projections or threads
    • B29C48/688—Barrels or cylinders characterised by their inner surfaces, e.g. having grooves, projections or threads having threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/362—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using static mixing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/385—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using two or more serially arranged screws in separate barrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/52—Screws with an outer diameter varying along the longitudinal axis, e.g. for obtaining different thread clearance
    • B29C48/525—Conical screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/53—Screws having a varying channel depth, e.g. varying the diameter of the longitudinal screw trunk
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/565—Screws having projections other than the thread, e.g. pins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/67—Screws having incorporated mixing devices not provided for in groups B29C48/52 - B29C48/66

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

微孔塑料挤出***，是由附图中超临界气体注入装置(10－18)，改进微孔塑料挤出机(1－5，19－20)，微孔发泡组件(6－9)组成。该***能为塑料注塑机、挤出机、压制机提供具有微孔塑料气液混合溶液，以生产各种微孔发泡的闭孔或开孔制品。超临界气体注入装置是用来降低气源温度和加大气压，并将其注入挤出机中。改进微孔塑料挤出机是由三段不同螺距加长螺杆、注气孔、止回阀及常规部件组成，微孔发泡组件是由静态混溶器、稳定器、气液喷嘴和过滤器组成。挤出机中加气后形成具有一定压力气液混溶液，通过微孔发泡组件混溶液中气泡暴裂生成更小气泡，冷确后塑料体具有微孔结构。微孔塑料挤出***全部采用国产部件和材料生产，结构合理、设备简单、成本低、运行可靠。

Description

微孔塑料挤出***
所属技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种塑料产品开发设备“微孔塑料挤出***”。
背景技术
微孔塑料国外80年代出现至今有20多年历史，微孔塑料的特点是塑料制品中含有大量微小泡孔，使塑料比重降低20-60％，但塑料强度降低很少，提高了塑料制品的性价比。
微孔塑料是由微发泡技术制成，微发泡技术在美欧被广泛使用，该技术在商业设备、汽车部件、电子、电器等各种产品中大批量生产使用，但我国近年刚刚起步。
微发泡技术引进设备十分昂贵，阻碍我国微孔塑料生产发展，为促进我国微孔塑料生产发展本实用新型，利用在塑料溶液中注入超临界的惰性气体(CO2、N2)发泡原理，用自设计构件构成“微孔塑料挤出***”。
发明内容
本实用新型微孔塑料挤出***，是一种塑料微孔发泡装置，发泡***是由超临界气体注入装置、改进微孔塑料挤出机、微孔发泡组件连接组成，微孔塑料挤出***能为塑料注塑机、挤出机、压制机提供具有微孔塑料气液混合溶液，以生产各种含有大量微小泡孔的闭孔或开孔塑料制品。
超临界气体注入装置是由国产柱塞泵、制冷机、电磁阀、压力传感器、微调阀与自设计换热器、加气喷嘴组成的降温加压***。自设计换热器可根据微孔塑料挤出***挤出能力计算选择换热器容量，加气喷嘴内装可调换喷孔片，喷孔片中喷孔大小根据进气量来调节。超临界气体注入装置是用来降低气源温度和加压加气喷嘴注入压力，以满足生成超临界气体并将其注入挤出机中。
改进微孔塑料挤出机是由自设计三段不同螺距加长螺杆、注气孔、止回阀组成，挤出机其他部件采用常规产品。加长螺杆分三段，一段是等螺距深螺槽混料段螺杆，第二段是等窄螺距渐变螺槽溶料段螺杆，第三段是宽螺距浅螺槽气液混溶加压段。在二三段间机筒上设加气孔，在加气孔进料方向的螺杆上加装自设计止回阀，阻止注入气体逆向流动。
微孔发泡组件是由静态混溶器、稳定器、气液喷嘴和过滤器组成。微孔发泡组件接在挤出机出口，将具有一定压力气液混溶液通过组件进一步混溶和增压，气液混溶液在通过气液喷嘴的减压释放，混溶液中气泡暴裂生成更小气泡，使冷确后塑料体具有微孔结构。
微孔塑料挤出***全部采用国产部件和材料生产，结构合理、设备简单、成本低、运行可靠。
附图说明：
图1：微孔塑料挤出***
图2：热交换器
图3：加气喷嘴
图4：螺杆
图5：止回阀
图6：静态混溶器与稳定器
图7：气液喷嘴
图1中序号：1.变频电机  2.控制箱与控制中心  3.混料段螺杆与机筒  4.溶融段螺杆  5.加气段螺杆与止回阀  6.静态混溶器  7.稳定器  8.气液喷嘴与过滤器  9.成型与定型机头  10.二氧化碳气罐  11.过滤器  12.制冷压缩机13.热交换器  14.缓冲器  15.柱塞泵  16.安全阀  17.微调阀、压力传感器、电磁阀  18.加气喷嘴  19.压力传感器  20.加热器与温度传感器
图2中序号：A1.换热管出口  A2.冷却管入口  A3.冷却管出口  A4.换热管入口  A5.保温筒  A6.换热管  A7.冷却管  A8.换热板
图3中序号：B1.喷孔片  B2.止回阀套筒  B3.连接头  B4.定向连接冒
图4中序号：C1.混料段螺杆  C2.溶融段螺杆  C3.止回阀  C4.加气段螺杆
图5中序号：D1.止回阀座  D2.阀前进料环  D3.进料孔  D4.止回球
图6中序号：E1.静态混溶器  E2.稳定器  E3.测压孔  E4.连接螺栓
图7中序号：F1.气液喷嘴外筒  F2.气液喷嘴  F3.气液喷嘴座  F4.过滤片
具体实施方式
微孔塑料挤出***完成微孔发泡首先要将物理发泡剂(如二氧化碳)经图1中制冷压缩机(12)在热交换器(13)中把物理发泡剂降温生成超临界气体，再经柱塞泵(15)加压，然后由微调阀、压力传感器、电磁阀控制(17)，适时适量通过加气喷嘴(18)在挤出机加气孔处注入机筒。改进微孔塑料挤出加长螺杆和改进螺杆的螺距、螺槽是为了能将含有气液混合物充分混合，并加强螺杆的推力。图4中止回阀(C3)是防止加入机筒中高压气体，向加料口方向流动，以保证挤出机正常运行。在挤出机螺杆推力下，气液混合溶液进入微孔发泡组件，气液混合溶液经图6中静态混溶器(E1)稳定器(E2)，溶液混合更均匀更充分。气液混合溶液经图7中过滤器(F4)过滤后在气液喷嘴(F2)阻压下压力急剧上升，通过气液喷嘴后气液混合溶液内压又急剧下降，混溶在塑料溶液中大气泡，瞬间破裂，形成更微小气泡，含有微小气泡塑料溶液冷却后即可形成微孔塑料。
热交换器图2，图中换热管(A6)与冷却管(A7)相互交错分布，冷却板(A8)连接两套管路，管外由保温筒(A5)包裹。
加气喷嘴图3，图中喷孔片(B1)向机筒面是弧形，与螺杆相吻合，止回阀套筒(B2)上有方向标榫，定向连接冒(B4)是活接，以保证喷孔片(B1)与螺杆相吻合。
螺杆图4，改进螺杆较正常挤出机螺杆要长，混料段螺杆(C1)添料未溶，螺槽较深，溶融段螺杆(C2)螺距较小、螺槽逐步变浅增加物料的液化速度与机筒内压，加气段螺杆(C4)螺槽更浅，螺旋角升角度变小以增大推力，螺旋中加设销钉以使气液溶液充分混合。
止回阀图5，图中止回阀座(D1)为多孔止回环，当前方气流逆向流动时止回球(D4)回落在止回阀座孔上，挡住气流逆向流动。阀前进料环(D2)的进料孔与止回阀座(D1)进料孔(D3)不同，止回阀座(D1)进料孔(D3)是圆形，而阀前进料环(D2)的进料孔两侧有侧孔，向前流动塑料溶体从两侧流过。
静态混溶器与稳定器图6，图中静态混溶器(E1)由多组四叶螺旋片相错叠合而成，稳定器(E2)是由多片导流片和中空稳定室组成。
气液喷嘴图7，气液喷嘴由气液喷嘴外筒(F1)气液喷嘴(F2)气液喷嘴座(F3)过滤片(F4)组成，过滤片(F4)由过滤片架和过滤网组成，过滤网可选择不同目径。

Claims (7)

1.一种微孔塑料挤出***，是由超临界气体注入装置内含换热器、加气喷嘴，改进微孔塑料挤出机内含加长螺杆、止回阀，微孔发泡组件内含静态混溶器、稳定器、气液喷嘴联接组成，其特征是：超临界气体注入装置由方型长柜内装国产柱塞泵、制冷机、电磁阀、压力传感器、微调阀与换热器、加气喷嘴组成，二氧化碳经制冷机通过换热器再把低温二氧化碳送入柱塞泵加压，经过电磁阀、压力传感器、微调阀调节，由加气喷嘴注入微孔塑料挤出机；改进微孔塑料挤出机是由含有混料段、溶融段、带止回阀槽的加气段螺杆与止回阀组成，挤出机其他部件采用常规产品，在机筒中经过三段不同螺距加长螺杆气液混合，再送入微孔发泡组件；微孔发泡组件是由静态混溶器、稳定器、气液喷嘴和过滤器组成，由机筒送出气液混合溶液，经微孔发泡组件处理后形成含有大量微小气泡塑料溶液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的微孔塑料挤出***，其特征是：含有换热器，换热器中密布有换热管与冷却管相互交错分布，冷却板连接两套管路，管外由保温筒包裹。
3.根据权利要求1所述的微孔塑料挤出***，其特征是：含有加气喷嘴，加气喷嘴中喷孔片，向机筒面是弧形，与螺杆相吻合，止回阀套筒上有方向标榫，定向连接冒是活接，以保证喷孔片与螺杆相吻合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的微孔塑料挤出***，其特征是：含有三段不同螺距加长螺杆，三段不同螺距加长螺杆较正常挤出机螺杆要长，混料段螺杆添料未溶，螺槽较深，溶融段螺杆螺距较小、螺槽逐步变浅增加物料的液化速度与机筒内压，加气段螺杆螺槽更浅，螺旋角升角变小以增大推力，螺旋中加设销钉以使气液溶液充分混合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的微孔塑料挤出***，其特征是：含有止回阀，止回阀中止回阀座为多孔止回环，当前方气流逆向流动时止回球回落在止回阀座孔上，阀前进料环的进料孔与止回阀座进料孔不同，止回阀座进料孔是圆形，而阀前进料环的进料孔两侧有侧孔，向前流动塑料溶体从两侧流过。
6.根据权利要求1所述的微孔塑料挤出***，其特征是：含有静态混溶器与稳定器，静态混溶器由多组四叶螺旋片相错叠合而成，稳定器是由多片导流片和中空稳定室组成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的微孔塑料挤出***，其特征是：含有气液喷嘴，气液喷嘴由气液喷嘴外筒、气液喷嘴、气液喷嘴座、过滤片组成，过滤片由过滤片架和过滤网组成，过滤网可选择不同目径。
CNU200720014581XU 2007-09-18 2007-09-18 微孔塑料挤出*** Expired - Fee Related CN201198187Y (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNU200720014581XU CN201198187Y (zh) 2007-09-18 2007-09-18 微孔塑料挤出***

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNU200720014581XU CN201198187Y (zh) 2007-09-18 2007-09-18 微孔塑料挤出***

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN201198187Y true CN201198187Y (zh) 2009-02-25

Family

ID=40449345

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNU200720014581XU Expired - Fee Related CN201198187Y (zh) 2007-09-18 2007-09-18 微孔塑料挤出***

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN201198187Y (zh)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102350780A (zh) * 2011-07-13 2012-02-15 北京化工大学 一种基于微分原理的聚合物发泡材料制备装置及方法
CN101585924B (zh) * 2009-03-05 2012-05-23 南京诚盟机械有限公司 Epp聚丙烯发泡珠粒生产线
CN105330883A (zh) * 2015-11-11 2016-02-17 烟台恒美塑业有限公司 一种交联聚烯烃微孔发泡板材的生产方法及其混合冷却装置
CN105328915A (zh) * 2015-11-11 2016-02-17 烟台恒美塑业有限公司 一种交联聚烯烃微孔发泡板材的生产设备
CN106493870A (zh) * 2016-10-17 2017-03-15 广东聚石化学股份有限公司 一种发泡聚丙烯珠粒连续生产线
CN107186997A (zh) * 2017-07-05 2017-09-22 茂泰(福建)鞋材有限公司 微孔泡沫颗粒材料连续发泡成型装置
CN108247981A (zh) * 2018-01-30 2018-07-06 河北崔氏橡塑制品科技有限公司 一种热塑性弹性体水发泡挤出设备

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101585924B (zh) * 2009-03-05 2012-05-23 南京诚盟机械有限公司 Epp聚丙烯发泡珠粒生产线
CN102350780A (zh) * 2011-07-13 2012-02-15 北京化工大学 一种基于微分原理的聚合物发泡材料制备装置及方法
CN102350780B (zh) * 2011-07-13 2013-07-03 北京化工大学 一种基于微分原理的聚合物发泡材料制备装置及方法
CN105330883A (zh) * 2015-11-11 2016-02-17 烟台恒美塑业有限公司 一种交联聚烯烃微孔发泡板材的生产方法及其混合冷却装置
CN105328915A (zh) * 2015-11-11 2016-02-17 烟台恒美塑业有限公司 一种交联聚烯烃微孔发泡板材的生产设备
CN105330883B (zh) * 2015-11-11 2018-01-12 烟台恒美塑业有限公司 一种交联聚烯烃微孔发泡板材的生产方法及其混合冷却装置
CN106493870A (zh) * 2016-10-17 2017-03-15 广东聚石化学股份有限公司 一种发泡聚丙烯珠粒连续生产线
CN107186997A (zh) * 2017-07-05 2017-09-22 茂泰(福建)鞋材有限公司 微孔泡沫颗粒材料连续发泡成型装置
CN108247981A (zh) * 2018-01-30 2018-07-06 河北崔氏橡塑制品科技有限公司 一种热塑性弹性体水发泡挤出设备

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN201198187Y (zh) 微孔塑料挤出***
CN100450742C (zh) 超临界流体辅助微孔注塑设备
CN102917855A (zh) 混炼挤压装置
CN103057061B (zh) 高效混合微孔发泡塑料精密注射成型装置与方法
CA2517995A1 (en) Apparatus and method for advanced structural foam molding
CN104231462B (zh) Gpes硬质泡沫复合塑料保温板及其制造方法
CN203937090U (zh) 一种超临界流体微孔塑料挤出成型装置
CN102350780B (zh) 一种基于微分原理的聚合物发泡材料制备装置及方法
CN203937164U (zh) 一种超临界流体微孔塑料挤出发泡螺杆
CN104085073A (zh) 一种超临界流体微孔塑料挤出成型装置及方法
CN108997666A (zh) 一种具有双峰孔结构的聚合物微孔发泡材料及其制备方法
US20120181729A1 (en) Method Of Fabricating An Injection Molded Component
CN106273304A (zh) 交替多层共挤超临界发泡设备及其实现方法与应用
CN103391836A (zh) 管部件的制造方法及制造装置
US20140091489A1 (en) Blowing agent introduction in polymer foam processing
CN102505165A (zh) 应用超临界流体熔喷纺丝制备聚砜类微孔纤维的方法
CN101746014B (zh) 一种微发泡注射成型机及其成型工艺
CN108715019B (zh) 一种内充气式挤出发泡装置及成型方法
US9555564B2 (en) Method of fabricating a foamed, injection molded component with improved ductility and toughness
CN200939682Y (zh) 一种超临界流体辅助微孔注塑设备
CN104354282B (zh) 一种聚丙烯板模具及用其制造高强度聚丙烯板材的方法
CN109501030B (zh) 发泡热塑性弹性体珠粒及其制备方法和装置
CN106273242B (zh) 超临界饱和颗粒气力输送微发泡注射成型装置及方法
CN201371543Y (zh) 一种微发泡注射成型机
CN109291389A (zh) 采用二氧化碳发泡剂生产挤塑板的生产***及生产方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C17 Cessation of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20090225

Termination date: 20110918