CN1983505A - Cold cathode fluorescent lamp, electrode unit and their manufacturing method - Google Patents
Cold cathode fluorescent lamp, electrode unit and their manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1983505A CN1983505A CNA2006101541039A CN200610154103A CN1983505A CN 1983505 A CN1983505 A CN 1983505A CN A2006101541039 A CNA2006101541039 A CN A2006101541039A CN 200610154103 A CN200610154103 A CN 200610154103A CN 1983505 A CN1983505 A CN 1983505A
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- electrode
- cylindrical electrode
- magnesium
- electrode unit
- metal material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
- H01J61/06—Main electrodes
- H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps
- H01J61/0675—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
- H01J61/06—Main electrodes
- H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps
- H01J61/0675—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
- H01J61/0677—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode characterised by the electron emissive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
- H01J61/366—Seals for leading-in conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
- H01J9/04—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of thermionic cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
- H01J9/04—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of thermionic cathodes
- H01J9/042—Manufacture, activation of the emissive part
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
- H01J2893/0064—Tubes with cold main electrodes (including cold cathodes)
- H01J2893/0065—Electrode systems
- H01J2893/0066—Construction, material, support, protection and temperature regulation of electrodes; Electrode cups
Abstract
The present invention comprises: a glass tube in which at least noble gas and mercury gas are enclosed in the internal space sealed airtightly and a phosphor layer is formed on the inner wall; a pair of cylindrical electrodes each of which has a bottom part on one end and an opening on the other end and placed so that the openings are opposed to each other in the internal space; and lead lines of which one ends are joined to the bottom parts and the other ends are led out to the outside of the glass tube. The cylindrical electrode is composed of a metal material made by heating nickel-based metal in which magnesium is dispersed to oxidize the dispersed magnesium.
Description
Technical field
The electrode unit that the present invention relates to cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and constitute the part of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp is particularly to the improvement of electrode material.
Background technology
Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp has characteristics such as easy miniaturization, low in energy consumption, life-span be long, in recent years is used for the backlight etc. of liquid crystal panel more.Usually, cold-cathode fluorescence lamp has following structure: in the inner relative configuration pair of electrodes of the glass tube that is filled with rare gas such as argon and mercury gas, connection goes between on each electrode.Electrode forming is cup-shaped, and is configured in the peristome of cup mode respect to one another.When applying voltage by lead-in wire between electrode, from an electrode ejected electron, the bump mercury atom also produces ultraviolet ray.Ultraviolet ray is converted to visible rays by the fluorescent film that is formed at the glass tube surface, thereby sends visible rays from glass tube inside.Therefore, the life-span of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp depends on the consumption of mercury gas to a great extent.
Common electrode is made by nickel (Ni) or nickel alloy.An example as the composition of the nickel of electrode material is as follows: nickel is 99.7%, and manganese is 0.1%, and iron is 0.1%, and other impurity (carbon, silicon, copper, sulphur) are 0.1%.The cobalt that contains the trace about 0.01% in the nickel.In addition, above mixing ratio all is a percentage by weight.
Here, when nickel was subjected to the bump of argon gas etc. of glass tube inside, nickle atom was hit and is dispersed.This phenomenon is called as sputter.The effective dose of mercury gas owing to absorbing mercury gas, the nickle atom that disperses becomes mercury alloy, so can reduce.Consequently consume mercury gas, thereby caused the life-span of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp to be reduced.
Therefore, studying a kind of technology that adopts the good electrode of anti-sputtering performance to prolong the life-span of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp in recent years.Specifically, developed the cup-shaped electrode of use molybdenum (Mo) or niobium (Nb) etc., it has than the low work function of nickel and anti-sputtering performance excellence (for example open the 2002-358992 communique with reference to the Japanese documentation spy or the spy opens the 2003-187740 communique).
But, use the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of the electrode of making by molybdenum or niobium to have following problem.The first, the electrode of refractory metals such as use molybdenum or niobium exists the problem of its surface meeting oxidation when enclosing glass tube.Specifically, in the manufacturing process of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, after the end at glass tube has disposed electrode, in atmosphere, toast with the seal glass (solder glass (bead glass)) to an end of glass tube such as gas burner, it is welded on the glass tube, thereby carries out airtight sealing.But the heat during melting solder glass can reach electrode, and electrode surface is because this heat and oxidized.In case the electrode surface oxidation, its anti-sputtering performance will significantly descend, thereby the anti-sputtering performance of not at all easy acquisition can't play a role.And the in a single day oxidized back of molybdenum or niobium is difficult to reduction, thereby also is difficult to wait with hydrogen in subsequent handling and reduces.
The second, because molybdenum or niobium are refractory metals, thereby wire bonds to electrode the time, is not being applied very high heat and just can't obtain enough bond strengths.Particularly, the fusing point of molybdenum is about 3400 ℃, will exceed much than the fusing point (1550 ℃) of the Kovar alloy that is commonly used for lead-in wire.Therefore, need make the fully next and electrode engagement of fusing of lead-in wire.But owing to the electrode of molybdenum system melts hardly, thereby the result possibly can't obtain enough bond strengths.In addition, when temperature that the electrode that applies the molybdenum system of making fully melts, the temperature of lead-in wire is too high, and therefore engaging can be very difficult.In addition, when the inside of using the outer tube of making at Kovar alloy was filled with the lead-in wire of dual structure of copper, the fusing point of copper was lower, is about 1080 ℃, thereby the fusing earlier of inner copper, and can flow out when welding.The heat that copper plays a part to be sent by electrode when using lamp is dispersed into the heat-sink unit of glass tube outside, if copper flows out, the inside of the outer tube of making at Kovar alloy will produce the hollow sectors of not filling copper, thereby causes heat dispersion to reduce.
The 3rd, in general not only molybdenum or niobium are very expensive, make it become the rolling processing of thin plate or make its punch process that becomes glass electrode also very difficult, expensive.Therefore, comparing the easier cost that causes mutually by these refractory metals electrode of making and the electrode of being made by nickel rises.
Summary of the invention
In view of above problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of anti-sputtering performance and the good and economic cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of manufacturing.
Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of the present invention has: glass tube, a pair of cylindrical electrode and lead-in wire.Glass tube has by the inner space of airtight sealing, and enclosing at least in the inner space has rare gas and mercury gas, and is formed with luminescent coating on the wall surface within it.Described cylindrical electrode is configured in the inner space of glass tube, is formed with bottom surface sections at the one end, is formed with peristome at the other end.In addition, each cylindrical electrode is respect to one another in the inner space that is configured in glass tube according to peristome.One termination of described lead-in wire is combined on the bottom surface sections of cylindrical electrode, and the other end is drawn out to the outside of glass tube.In addition, each cylindrical electrode is by by carrying out heat treated so that the metal material that the magnesiaization of described dispersion obtains forms to the nickel based metal that is dispersed with magnesium.Preferably contain the magnesium that 0.005 percentage by weight is above, 0.15 percentage by weight is following in the described cylindrical electrode.
Electrode unit of the present invention has: at one end be formed with bottom surface sections and be formed with the cylindrical electrode of peristome at the other end; With the lead-in wire on the described bottom surface sections that is bonded on described cylindrical electrode.Wherein, described cylindrical electrode is by by carrying out heat treated so that the metal material that the magnesiaization of described dispersion obtains forms to the nickel based metal that is dispersed with magnesium.Preferably contain the magnesium that 0.005 percentage by weight is above, 0.15 percentage by weight is following in the described cylindrical electrode.
The manufacture method of electrode unit of the present invention has: by the nickel-based metallic material that is dispersed with magnesium is carried out heat treated so that the operation of described magnesiaization; The metal material processing that to carry out described oxidation processes becomes at one end to be formed with bottom surface sections and is formed with at the other end operation of the tubular of peristome; Be combined in operation on the described bottom surface sections with a termination that makes lead-in wire.
Described heat treated is preferably carried out in oxygen atmosphere or steam atmosphere.In addition, heating-up temperature be preferably more than 820 ℃, below 1080 ℃.In addition, the mixing ratio of the magnesium in the described metal material is preferably more than 0.005 percentage by weight, below 0.15 percentage by weight.
By come clear and definite above-mentioned and in addition purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage with reference to following record and the accompanying drawing of representing an example of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of an example that schematically shows the execution mode of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the amplification stereogram of electrode unit shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of another example that schematically shows the execution mode of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below, be described in detail with reference to the example of accompanying drawing the execution mode of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of the present invention.Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp in this example is suitable for use as the backlight of liquid crystal panel, but also applicable to the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of other purposes.Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the brief configuration of the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1 in this example of expression.
Cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1 has following basic structure: the two ends of the glass tube 2 that will be formed by pyrex by seal glass (solder glass 3) hermetic seal.The external diameter of glass tube 2 is positioned at the scope of 1.5～6.0mm, is preferably placed in the scope of 1.5～5.0mm.The material of glass tube 2 can be lead glass, soda-lime glass, low lead crystal glass etc.
On the inner wall surface 4 of glass tube 2, almost spread all over it and be provided with not shown luminescent coating endlong.The fluorophor that constitutes luminescent coating can suitably be selected from existing or new fluorophor such as halogen-phosphate fluorophor (halophosphate salt fluorophor) or terres rares fluorophor according to the purpose of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1 or purposes.In addition, the luminescent coating fluorophor that also can form by having mixed two or more fluorophor constitutes.
In the inner space 5 of the glass tube 2 that is surrounded by inner wall surface 4, enclose rare gas and mercurys such as argon that scheduled volume is arranged, xenon, neon, its internal pressure be depressurized to atmospheric tens of/one.
Two ends at the length direction of glass tube 2 are provided with pair of electrodes unit 6.Each electrode unit 6 is made of cylindrical electrode 7 and the lead-in wire 9 that is bonded on the bottom surface sections 8 of cylindrical electrode 7.The cylindrical electrode 7 of each electrode unit 6 is configured on the position slightly in the inner part, end than the length direction of the inner space 5 of glass tube 2 according to the peristome 10 relative modes of the peristome 10 of a cylindrical electrode 7 and another cylindrical electrode 7.Each end of 9 of going between is welded on the bottom surface sections 8 of corresponding cylindrical electrode 7, and the other end runs through solder glass 3 and is drawn out to the outside of glass tube 2.Lead-in wire 9 is made by conductive materials such as Kovar alloies.
Fig. 2 is the amplification stereogram of the electrode unit 6 that had of expression cold-cathode fluorescence lamp 1.End on the length direction of the cylindrical electrode 7 of formation electrode unit 6 opens wide as peristome 10, and the other end is the state that bottomless drum shape is arranged that is sealed by bottom surface sections 8.Cylindrical electrode 7 becomes tubular (cup-shaped) with the metallic plate punch process and obtains.An end face 12 of lead-in wire 9 is welded on the bottom surface sections 8 of cylindrical electrode 7.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned metal material and to make the method for cylindrical electrode 7 by metal material as follows.
(1) has the ingot bar of the metal material of above-mentioned composition by the fusion method manufacturing.
(2) by hot rolling and cold rolling above-mentioned ingot bar is processed into plate-shaped.
(3) in oxygen atmosphere or steam atmosphere, the metal material that is processed into plate-shaped is heated so that the magnesiaization of metal material surface part.This moment heating-up temperature be preferably more than 820 ℃, below 1080 ℃.
(4) with the magnesium of surface portion oxidized metal material cut into preset width.
(5) the metal material punch process that will cut into preset width becomes shown in Figure 2 cup-shaped.
Here, to describing by the cause that improves the anti-sputtering performance of this cylindrical electrode 7 with above-mentioned metal material formation cylindrical electrode 7.Nickel or nickel alloy have polycrystalline structure usually, are formed with the grain boundary on the crystal boundary face of crystallization.A little less than the combination to each other of particle on the grain boundary, therefore be subjected to the influence of sputter easily.Consequently, sputter mainly produces from the grain boundary, and expands to the inside of crystallization gradually.Too, if oxidized, sputter will significantly be expanded from the grain boundary under the situation of molybdenum or niobium.
To this, in above-mentioned metal material, by making the magnesiaization (by above-mentioned operation (3)) that is mixed in the nickel, it is firm that the combination of the particle of grain boundary can become.That is, the mixture in the nickel (additive) has easy tendency to the grain boundary segregation, and magnesium is no exception.Therefore, by making the magnesiaization (by obtaining oxygen) that segregates to the grain boundary, improved the adhesion between the particle of grain boundary from the outside.Consequently, the anti-sputtering performance excellence of the cylindrical electrode 7 that forms by above-mentioned metal material.Because metal material is made by fusion method, thereby the oxide of magnesium can not exist in the mode of particle.
Improve cylindrical electrode 7 anti-sputtering performance principle as mentioned above, in the present invention simultaneously, the manufacturing of electrode unit 6 is also improved.That is, because cylindrical electrode 7 made by nickel-based metallic material, thereby the fusing point of its fusing point and nickel (1455 ℃) is roughly the same, with 9 the material of going between, be that the fusing point (1550 ℃) of Kovar alloy is also roughly the same.Therefore, when welding, anchor leg 9 on cylindrical electrode 7, the two can soften to equal extent and merge each other, forms alloy-layer betwixt, thereby is firmly fixed.In contrast, forming by refractory metals such as molybdenum or niobiums under the situation of electrode, can only melt lead-in wire 9 and fix, therefore be restricted easily aspect bond strength or the splice program.The present invention can address the above problem simultaneously.In addition, because above-mentioned metal material most is nickel, thereby also little aspect cost with the electrode difference of nickel system.
Then, other examples to the execution mode of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of the present invention describe.For the cold-cathode fluorescence lamp in this example, the structure of the lead-in wire of formation electrode unit is different with cold-cathode fluorescence lamp shown in Figure 1.Therefore, only the structure that goes between is described below, and omission is to the explanation of the component part identical with cold-cathode fluorescence lamp shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 shows the structure of the lead-in wire 9b that constitutes the electrode unit 6b that cold-cathode fluorescence lamp had in this example.This lead-in wire 9b has following multi-ply construction (double-layer structural): the inside portion 32 that is made of copper (Cu) or copper alloy is set in the inboard of the outside portion 33 that is made of Kovar alloy.Inside portion 32 is used for distributing the heat that is produced by electrode.Front end in multi-ply construction portion is combined with the Dumet copper-clad iron-nickel alloy wire 34 that obtains that covers iron-nickel alloy with copper on every side, links to each other with the supply unit (not shown) by Dumet copper-clad iron-nickel alloy wire 34.
As mentioned above, the cylindrical electrode that constitutes cold-cathode fluorescence lamp of the present invention or electrode unit is formed by following metal material, and this metal material is by the nickel based metal that is dispersed with magnesium is carried out heat treated so that the magnesiaization of described dispersion obtains.In addition, manufacture method according to electrode unit of the present invention, can obtain to have the electrode unit of the cylindrical electrode that is formed by following metal material, wherein this metal material is by the nickel based metal that is dispersed with magnesium is carried out heat treated so that the magnesiaization of described dispersion obtains.Therefore, the anti-sputter characteristic of cylindrical electrode can be improved, thereby the life-span of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp can be prolonged.
More than at preferred implementation of the present invention carried out the prompting and detailed explanation, wish to be interpreted as: can under the situation of purport that does not break away from claim and scope, carry out various changes and modification.
Claims (9)
1. cold-cathode fluorescence lamp has:
Glass tube, described glass tube are enclosed in by the inner space of airtight sealing at least rare gas and mercury gas, and is formed with luminescent coating on the wall surface within it;
A pair of cylindrical electrode, described cylindrical electrode are configured in the described inner space, are formed with bottom surface sections at the one end, are formed with peristome at the other end, and this a pair of cylindrical electrode is according to this peristome mode respect to one another is configured; And
Lead-in wire, a termination of described lead-in wire is combined on the described bottom surface sections, and the other end is drawn out to the outside of described glass tube;
Wherein, described cylindrical electrode is by by carrying out heat treated so that the metal material that the magnesiaization of described dispersion obtains forms to the nickel based metal that is dispersed with magnesium.
2. cold-cathode fluorescence lamp as claimed in claim 1 wherein, contains the magnesium more than 0.005 percentage by weight, below 0.15 percentage by weight in described cylindrical electrode.
3. electrode unit has: at one end be formed with bottom surface sections and be formed with the cylindrical electrode of peristome at the other end; With the lead-in wire on the described bottom surface sections that is bonded on described cylindrical electrode;
Wherein, described cylindrical electrode is by by carrying out heat treated so that the metal material that the magnesiaization of described dispersion obtains forms to the nickel based metal that is dispersed with magnesium.
4. electrode unit as claimed in claim 3 wherein, contains the magnesium more than 0.005 percentage by weight, below 0.15 percentage by weight in described cylindrical electrode.
5. the manufacture method of an electrode unit has:
By the nickel-based metallic material that is dispersed with magnesium is carried out heat treated so that the operation of the magnesiaization of described dispersion;
The metal material processing that to carry out described oxidation processes becomes at one end to be formed with bottom surface sections and is formed with at the other end operation of the tubular of peristome; With
Make a termination of lead-in wire be combined in operation on the described bottom surface sections.
6. the manufacture method of electrode unit as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described heat treated is carried out in oxygen atmosphere.
7. the manufacture method of electrode unit as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described heat treated is carried out in steam atmosphere.
8. as the manufacture method of each described electrode unit in the claim 5 to 7, wherein, the heating-up temperature during described heat treated is more than 820 ℃, below 1080 ℃.
9. as the manufacture method of each described electrode unit in the claim 5 to 7, wherein, the mixing ratio of the magnesium in the described metal material is more than 0.005 percentage by weight, below 0.15 percentage by weight.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005260542A JP2007073407A (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2005-09-08 | Cold cathode fluorescent lamp, electrode unit and their manufacturing method |
| JP2005260542 | 2005-09-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1983505A true CN1983505A (en) | 2007-06-20 |
| CN100576420C CN100576420C (en) | 2009-12-30 |
Family
ID=37934688
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200610154103A Expired - Fee Related CN100576420C (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2006-09-08 | The manufacture method of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp, electrode unit and electrode unit |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2007073407A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20070033254A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100576420C (en) |
| TW (1) | TW200746221A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102237233A (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2011-11-09 | 泰利时冷阴极工业股份有限公司 | Processing and manufacturing method of trace-free large-diameter cold cathode discharge lamp tube |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100911665B1 (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-08-10 | 금호전기주식회사 | Electrode assembly for a cold cathode fluorescent lamp |
| JP4945803B2 (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2012-06-06 | Ｎｅｃライティング株式会社 | Cold cathode fluorescent lamp |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03250548A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1991-11-08 | Ushio Inc | Small-sized electric discharge lamp |
| JPH04272109A (en) * | 1991-02-27 | 1992-09-28 | Toshiba Corp | Electrode material for cold cathode fluorescent lamp and electrode constituted of the above |
| JPH10269986A (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 1998-10-09 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | Cold cathode, manufacture of cold cathode, and cold cathode fluorescent tube |
| JP3390135B2 (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 2003-03-24 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | Electron-emitting electrode, method for manufacturing electron-emitting electrode, and cold cathode fluorescent tube |
| JP2004014342A (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2004-01-15 | Uchida Kogyo Kk | Electrode material for discharge tube, its manufacturing method and cold cathode for fluorescent discharge tube using it |
| JP2005183172A (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-07-07 | Erebamu:Kk | Discharge lamp |
-
2005
- 2005-09-08 JP JP2005260542A patent/JP2007073407A/en active Pending
-
2006
- 2006-08-21 TW TW095130604A patent/TW200746221A/en unknown
- 2006-09-07 KR KR1020060086279A patent/KR20070033254A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-09-08 CN CN200610154103A patent/CN100576420C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102237233A (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2011-11-09 | 泰利时冷阴极工业股份有限公司 | Processing and manufacturing method of trace-free large-diameter cold cathode discharge lamp tube |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW200746221A (en) | 2007-12-16 |
| CN100576420C (en) | 2009-12-30 |
| KR20070033254A (en) | 2007-03-26 |
| JP2007073407A (en) | 2007-03-22 |
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