CN1982749A - Taper ring transmission with surface optimization of contact region - Google Patents

Taper ring transmission with surface optimization of contact region Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1982749A
CN1982749A CNA2006100641468A CN200610064146A CN1982749A CN 1982749 A CN1982749 A CN 1982749A CN A2006100641468 A CNA2006100641468 A CN A2006100641468A CN 200610064146 A CN200610064146 A CN 200610064146A CN 1982749 A CN1982749 A CN 1982749A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cone
friction
ring
contact surface
traverse furrow
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CNA2006100641468A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
斯特凡·邦加特
让-皮埃尔·沙佐特
吕迪格·菲肯斯
斯特凡·克库斯
格尔德·韦尔施
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Getrag Ford Transmissions GmbH
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Getrag Ford Transmissions GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Getrag Ford Transmissions GmbH filed Critical Getrag Ford Transmissions GmbH
Publication of CN1982749A publication Critical patent/CN1982749A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H15/00Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members
    • F16H15/02Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members without members having orbital motion
    • F16H15/04Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios
    • F16H15/42Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which two members co-operate by means of rings or by means of parts of endless flexible members pressed between the first mentioned members

Abstract

The invention relates to a cone ring transmission unit having two cone friction wheels (2, 3) that are arranged opposite to each other. A friction ring (8) stays in contact with the two cone friction wheels (2, 3) and rounds at least one (2) of them. A contact surface (16, 19) having at least a cone friction wheel(2, 3), and at least a contact surface (12, 13) of the friction ring (8) comprises transverse grooves (24). The grooves extend at a certain angle transverse to the direction (22) of rotation of the cone friction wheel(2, 3) and/or the friction rings (8).

Description

Cone ring transmission with contact area of surface optimization
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cone ring transmission, it have two each other the cone friction wheel of reversed arrangement act on mutually with two cone friction wheels with one and around the friction ring of one of them cone friction wheel.
Background technique
DE 195 42 726 A1 disclose a kind of cone ring transmission, and wherein, the cone friction wheel that oppositely is provided with is contained on the parallel axle each other.By friction wheel axle axially on move velocity ratio that can the step-less adjustment cone ring transmission.
Outer contacting rotating, outside work that friction ring on the cone ring transmission has inner contact surface surperficial and rotating, that radially inwardly work.Inner contact surface this with by friction ring around the contact surface of cone friction wheel constitute first contact area, this contact surface of cone friction wheel is the conical outer surface of cone friction wheel.Second contact area be in the outer contacting surface of friction ring and cone friction wheel can't help friction ring around contact surface between.Because friction ring clamps between two opposed cone friction wheels, so torque can be transmitted between two cone friction wheels by first and second contact areas by it.
For transmitting torque between revolving part (cone friction wheel and friction ring), use suitable friction drive liquid usually, should be separately by it with the obedient each other contact surface that leans in the contact area.If thisly separately produce, then carry out in the gap that the shearing stress of the transmission of torque by friction drive liquid produces between the revolving part that participates in by friction drive liquid.If torque is successfully transmitted by the shearing of friction drive liquid purely, then can avoid being generally the abrasive wear of the contact surface of metal ideally fully.Be the effective connection between the revolving part that designs two non-conformalities, can use the theory of elastohydrodynamics.
Because velocity ratio can steplessly change, on automobile, use cone ring transmission to have lot of advantages.Like this by stepless speed variator can the optimum utilization internal-combustion engine torque conditions and efficient.Can also have the physical dimension of speed changer by the peak torque of speed changer transmission, loss in the speed changer is a crucial factor in this regard, and they interdepend, and part is opposite and therefore makes the design of the cone ring transmission difficulty that becomes.For example, though can cause lowering efficiency by strengthening the impacting force raising peak torque between friction ring and the cone friction wheel, doing like this, and, do not separate as long as reach completely between the revolving part that participates in, also can cause the wearing and tearing in the speed changer to increase by friction drive liquid.
Summary of the invention
Therefore purpose of the present invention is that a kind of cone ring transmission is provided, and it can not have transfer high torque under the situation that efficient is high as far as possible of wearing and tearing as far as possible.
This purpose utilizes the feature of claim 1 to be achieved according to the present invention.The preferred embodiments of the present invention are consulted dependent claims.
Cone ring transmission of the present invention is characterised in that at least one contact surface of the contact surface of at least one cone friction wheel and/or friction ring has the traverse furrow groove, and they extend transverse to the sense of rotation of cone friction wheel or friction ring with certain angle.Therefore can make all contact surfaces of cone ring transmission according to the present invention, just the contact surface of two cone friction wheels and the outer contacting surface and the inner contact surface of friction ring are provided with the traverse furrow groove.Can have the traverse furrow groove by only single contact surface: for example can make the conical outer surface that uses as contact surface of a cone friction wheel only have traverse furrow groove transverse to sense of rotation, friction ring and another cone friction wheel then do not have this traverse furrow groove yet.Also can stipulate, only the outer contacting of friction ring surface or only the inner contact surface of friction ring have according to traverse furrow groove of the present invention.
Notion " traverse furrow groove " be interpreted as on the contact surface at vertical upwardly extending those recesses.Should be vertically with respect to the sense of rotation of the revolving part (cone friction wheel or friction ring) that when cone ring transmission work, rotates with an angle around its spin axis, according to preferred embodiment, this angle is 90 °.But also can be to be not equal to 90 ° angle.For example the traverse furrow groove can have the angle of 30 °, 45 ° or 60 ° with respect to sense of rotation.
Can under the given situation of the extruding force between the revolving part, improve the pressure of the friction drive liquid that is in the there by the traverse furrow groove on the contact surface that is preferably metal.For friction drive liquid, pressure raises and causes viscosity to increase usually, thereby friction drive liquid can absorb bigger shearing stress.Because shearing stress improves, therefore can transmit higher torque by friction drive liquid.
These traverse furrow grooves can be divided into first group of traverse furrow groove and second group of traverse furrow groove, and wherein, the traverse furrow groove can be straight or also can be crooked.Key be the traverse furrow groove at least in the zone of contact area under certain angle transverse to the sense of rotation extension of the revolving part of correspondence.
At least one contact surface of the contact surface of at least one cone friction wheel and/or friction ring can have the groove that extends on sense of rotation.Groove and traverse furrow groove form grid at this on the contact surface of corresponding rotation part.
In a preferred embodiment, contact surface has high desk-top surface structure.The desk-top surface structure of this height for example can be realized thus: the dimpling point that will produce by the cutting of contact surface is removed by suitable method.The miniature ditch that cutting by contact surface produces or little groove obtain keeping when removing the dimpling point, wherein, constitute the zone or the high platform that scabble between two adjacent grooves.
If contact surface has the groove that extends on sense of rotation and transverse to this traverse furrow groove, then one high by two adjacent grooves and two adjacent traverse furrow groove limited boundaries.Thus according to traverse furrow groove and the different formation rectangles of angle between the groove or the high platform of parallelogram.Process under the situation on the contact surface with the angle different with respect to sense of rotation at the traverse furrow groove, high platform also can be triangle.
By the desk-top surface structure of height, the film height of the friction drive liquid in the contact area between two contact surfaces against each other can reduce, and wherein, the contact between the contact surface keeps clearly separating.Can produce higher pressure by reducing in the film high friction transmission fluid, improving thus can be by the shearing stress of friction drive liquid absorption.
The basic roughness of cone friction wheel contact surface cone friction wheel axially on can change.For example, the average space of the groove on the sense of rotation and/or mean depth can be adjusted targetedly, so that change the carrying ratio and therefore change compressive load per unit area according to the axial position of velocity ratio or friction ring.The basic roughness that changes on the sense of rotation for example can realize by the feed speed that changes machining tool relatively with axial position.
The invention still further relates to a kind of method, be used to process the contact surface of the friction ring of using according to the described cone ring transmission of one of claim 1 to 8.The method is characterized in that, when ring axis rotates, the traverse furrow groove is worked on inner contact surface and/or the outer contacting surface by brush at friction ring around the rotation of brush axis by a brush or similar device, wherein, between the ring axis of friction ring and brush axis, enclose at an angle.At this, make the traverse furrow groove by brush, they with respect to the sense of rotation of friction ring with an angle, this angle dependence in the rotational speed of the rotational speed of friction ring, brush and the spin axis of friction ring with brush the angle that surrounds between the axis.The traverse furrow groove also can be worked on the contact surface of cone friction wheel in a similar manner.
In the method according to the invention, preferably can be removing the dimpling point on the contact surface of friction ring and/or on the contact surface at least one cone friction wheel, to obtain to improve the high desk-top surface structure of carrying ratio.
Description of drawings
Now the present invention is described in detail by embodiment shown in the drawings.Shown in it:
The schematic construction of Fig. 1 cone ring transmission;
A section of the surface structure of Fig. 2 friction ring;
A contact area between Fig. 3 cone friction wheel and the friction ring; And
Fig. 4 friction ring and being used to is processed the layout of the brush of friction ring.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates the cone ring transmission of an integral body with 1 mark.Cone ring transmission 1 has one first cone friction wheel 2 and one second cone friction wheel 3.Cone friction wheel 2,3 oppositely is provided with each other, wherein, and the parallel distribution of their spin axis and the distance that separates each other.The spin axis of cone friction wheel 2,34,5 illustrates by a dotted line.
Except cone ring transmission 1, Fig. 1 also illustrates the clutch 6 of an automobile that does not further illustrate here.Clutch 6 is not connected with first cone friction wheel 2 by axle 7 with relatively rotating.Clutch 6 is delivered to torque on first cone friction wheel 2 by axle under closed state.For torque is delivered on second cone friction wheel 3 from first cone friction wheel 2, be provided with a friction ring 8, it acts on two cone friction wheels 2,3 and mutually around first cone friction wheel 2.Friction ring 8 can move axially abreast by the spin axis 4,5 of a controlling mechanism that does not illustrate here and cone friction wheel 2,3.The velocity ratio of regulating cone ring transmission 1 that moves axially by friction ring 8.Because the axial position of friction ring 8 can step-less adjustment, so cone ring transmission 1 has the infinitely variable velocity ratio.
Be delivered on second cone friction wheel 3 torque by one by gear 9 and with gear mesh that the ring gear 10 of this gear 9 engagements the is formed output unit 11 that leads.Output unit 11 is made up of a differential mechanism 11a and two axle 11b, 11c.Differential mechanism 11a will act on torque distribution on the gear 10 on axle 11b, 11c.On the cone ring transmission shown in Fig. 11, first cone friction wheel 2 can be called wheel for inputting and second cone friction wheel 3 is called output wheel corresponding to torque flow.
Cone friction wheel 2,3 can move relative to each other along spin axis 4,5.By this relatively moving property, axial force F can be regulated by the actuator that further do not illustrate here, this actuator with cone friction wheel 2,3 spin axis 4,5 axially on press to friction ring 8.
Friction ring 8 has annular inner surface or inner contact surface 12 and annular outer surface or outer contacting surface 13.Inner contact surface 12 tapers constitute, and wherein, corresponding cone angle is equivalent to the subtended angle α of cone friction wheel 2.The outer contacting surface 13 of friction ring 8 also is that taper constitutes, and feature is subtended angle α equally.Can be average diameter 14 of inner contact surface 12 configurations of friction ring 8.The outer contacting surface 13 of friction ring 8 correspondingly has average diameter 15.
As appreciable from Fig. 1, inner contact surface abuts on the outer surface 16 of cone friction wheel 2 in a contact area 17.When cone ring transmission 1 work, form the narrow film of friction drive liquid in the contact area 17, thereby the inner contact surface 12 of the contact surface 16 of cone friction wheel 2 and friction ring 8 is separated from each other by friction drive liquid and not directly roll extrusion mutually.Because high pressure and the consequent high viscosity of friction drive liquid contact area 17 in, friction drive liquid based on can by the shearing stress of friction drive liquid absorption with the transmission of torque of cone friction wheel 2 to friction ring 8.
Corresponding with first contact area 17, second contact area 18 produces between the outer contacting surface 13 of contact surface 19 and friction ring 8, and this contact surface 19 is conical outer surfaces of cone friction wheel 3.During cone ring transmission 1 work, in second contact area 18, between contact surface 13 and contact surface 19, also form the film of friction drive liquid, thereby two facing surfaces also are separated from each other here.Torque is here also ideally only by the friction drive liquid transmission.
Fig. 2 illustrates a section 20 of the inner contact surface 12 of friction ring 8.This is a circular piece that reclines with it above section 20, a section of the contact surface 16 of its expression cone friction wheel 2.Do not see the tapering of section 20,21 from Fig. 2, but section 21 is illustrated as cylindrical body with the section 20 of the inner contact surface 12 of friction ring 8 plate as the plane.Therefore Fig. 2 does not illustrate the curvature of annular contact surface 12 equally.
The sense of rotation of inner contact surface 12 is used 22 marks during cone ring transmission 1 work in Fig. 2.In the diagram of Fig. 1, the sense of rotation of the revolving part of cone ring transmission 1 (cone friction wheel 2,3 and friction ring 8) is vertically extended with diagram plane there, just perpendicular to spin axis 4,5 and perpendicular to the effective diameter d of cone friction wheel 2 2This effective diameter d 2Corresponding with the axial position of friction ring and change according to the tapering of cone friction wheel 2.Corresponding situation also is applicable to the effective diameter d of cone friction wheel 3 3
Contact surface 12 has a plurality of grooves parallel to each other 23 (referring to Fig. 2) abreast with sense of rotation 22.Vertical with the traverse furrow groove 24 of groove 23 right angle intersections with sense of rotation 22.Intersect the high platform 25 of determining a rectangle by two adjacent grooves 23 and two adjacent traverse furrow grooves 24.Because the groove 23 that a plurality of traverse furrow grooves 24 is arranged and extend on sense of rotation 22, section 20 has a large amount of this high platforms 25.
The surface structure of contact surface 12 shown in Figure 2 can realize that by cutting wherein, machine direction meets at right angles on sense of rotation 22 and with this direction in first step.Jia Gong contact surface 12 had at first both also had microcosmos geometric shape in the horizontal on sense of rotation 22 like this, and this microcosmos geometric shape has little groove and dimpling point.Remove the dimpling point by the following process in second step, thereby produce the have groove 23 of reservation and the high desk-top surface structure of traverse furrow groove 24 shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 3 illustrates second contact area 18 (with reference to Fig. 1) with section.At this, Fig. 3 illustrates dimpling point that friction ring 8 and second cone friction wheel 3 be in contact surface 13,19 separately on the one hand not have to remove (with reference under Fig. 3 state a) time and the state after the fine finishing of removing the dimpling point (with reference to Fig. 3 b).The type exterior feature of contact surface 13,19 is equivalent in cutting the common microcosmos geometric shape that for example produces by grinding or turning in this regard among Fig. 3 a.
By removing the dimpling point, be in the film height h that is used for the friction drive liquid (not shown) that the contact with two contact surfaces 13,19 clearly separates between the contact surface 13,19 0Can obviously reduce.Although the film height h among Fig. 3 b 0Smaller, but still produce clear and definite contact separately, thus the abrasive wear that in cone ring transmission 1 continuous operation, does not take place or reduce at least.By the gap smaller between the revolving part 8,19, in friction drive liquid, set up higher pressure, thereby because higher viscosity friction drive liquid can absorb bigger shearing stress.Can between friction ring 8 and wide cone friction wheel 3, transmit higher torque thus.
Groove shown in Fig. 3 is the traverse furrow groove 24 vertical with sense of rotation 22.In Fig. 3 a and 3b, be illustrated in the zone of using reference numeral 25 marks between two adjacent big traverse furrow grooves, the high platform 25 behind dimpling point is removed in its expression.
Fig. 4 illustrates the friction ring 8 with inner contact surface 12 and outer contacting surface 13, wherein, processes the traverse furrow groove by the suitable machining tool that is 26 forms of brushing on inner contact surface 12.In processing during inner contact surface 12, friction ring 8 on the sense of rotation 27, brush 26 rotation on sense of rotation 28, wherein, the rotational speed of friction ring 8 and brush can be separated from each other and adjust and coordinate mutually.The brush 29 of brush 26 meanwhile processes the traverse furrow groove on inner contact surface 12.
Reference numeral
1 cone ring transmission, 11 output units
2 first friction cones, 12 inner contact surfaces
3 second friction cones, 13 outer contacting surfaces
4 rotations, 14 internal diameters
5 rotations, 15 external diameters
6 clutches, 16 contact surfaces
7 17 first contact areas
8 friction rings, 18 second contact areas
9 gears, 19 contact surfaces
10 ring gears, 20 sections
21 sections, 27 sense of rotation
22 sense of rotation, 28 sense of rotation
23 grooves, 29 brushes
24 traverse furrow groove d 2Diameter
25 high platform d 3Diameter
26 brush α subtended angles

Claims (10)

1. cone ring transmission (1), have two each other the cone friction wheel of reversed arrangement (2,3) act on mutually with two cone friction wheels (2,3) with one and around the friction ring (8) of one of them cone friction wheel (2), it is characterized in that, the contact surface (16,19) of at least one cone friction wheel (2,3) and/or at least one contact surface (12,13) of friction ring (8) have traverse furrow groove (24), and their sense of rotation (22) transverse to cone friction wheel (2,3) or friction ring (8) under certain angle are extended.
2. by the described cone ring transmission of claim 1 (1), it is characterized in that traverse furrow groove (24) extends transverse to sense of rotation (22) under 90 ° angle.
3. by claim 1 or 2 described cone ring transmissions (1), it is characterized in that traverse furrow groove (24) can be divided into first group of traverse furrow groove and second group of traverse furrow groove, wherein, the traverse furrow groove of first group traverse furrow groove with respect to second group encloses at an angle.
4. by one of claim 1 to 3 described cone ring transmission (1), it is characterized in that these traverse furrow grooves (24) are straight substantially.
5. by one of claim 1 to 4 described cone ring transmission (1), it is characterized in that these traverse furrow grooves (24) extend agley.
6. by one of claim 1 to 5 described cone ring transmission (1), it is characterized in that at least one contact surface (12,13) of contact surface of at least one cone friction wheel (2,3) and/or friction ring (8) has in sense of rotation (22) goes up the groove (23) that extends.
7. by one of claim 1 to 6 described cone ring transmission (1), it is characterized in that contact surface (12,13,16,19) has high desk-top surface structure.
8. by one of claim 1 to 7 described cone ring transmission (1), it is characterized in that the basic roughness of the contact surface (16,19) of at least one cone friction wheel (2,3) is variable axially going up of cone friction wheel (2,3).
9. be used for the method for processing according to the contact surface (12,13) of the friction ring (8) of the described cone ring transmission of one of claim 1 to 8 (1) usefulness, it is characterized in that, when ring axis rotates, traverse furrow groove (24) is worked on the contact surface (12,13) by brush (29) at friction ring (8) around the rotation of brush axis by a brush (26) or similar device, wherein, between the main axis of friction ring (8) and brush axis, enclose at an angle.
10. by the described method of claim 9, it is characterized in that, go up and/or go up at the contact surface (12,13) of friction ring (8) and remove the dimpling point, with the high desk-top surface structure of the carrying ratio that obtains having raising at the contact surface (16,19) of at least one cone friction wheel (2,3).
CNA2006100641468A 2005-12-05 2006-12-05 Taper ring transmission with surface optimization of contact region Pending CN1982749A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005058181.1 2005-12-05
DE200510058181 DE102005058181A1 (en) 2005-12-05 2005-12-05 Cone ring transmission unit for motor vehicle, has friction ring whose contact surface has transverse grooves that run at certain angle transverse to direction of rotation of wheels and/or friction rings

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1982749A true CN1982749A (en) 2007-06-20

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNA2006100641468A Pending CN1982749A (en) 2005-12-05 2006-12-05 Taper ring transmission with surface optimization of contact region

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JP (1) JP5060114B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1982749A (en)
DE (1) DE102005058181A1 (en)

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CN114100742A (en) * 2021-11-19 2022-03-01 哈尔滨职业技术学院 Crushing device of biological pharmaceutical equipment and operation method

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JP2016084822A (en) * 2013-01-21 2016-05-19 ジヤトコ株式会社 Multi-disc transmission
CN103807394B (en) * 2014-01-27 2016-01-27 北京理工大学 Interior contact conical ring formula stepless speed variator

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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JP5060114B2 (en) 2012-10-31
JP2007155134A (en) 2007-06-21

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Application publication date: 20070620