CN1975207A - Method and apparatus for making differential mechanism self-lock - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for making differential mechanism self-lock Download PDFInfo
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- CN1975207A CN1975207A CNA2006101638142A CN200610163814A CN1975207A CN 1975207 A CN1975207 A CN 1975207A CN A2006101638142 A CNA2006101638142 A CN A2006101638142A CN 200610163814 A CN200610163814 A CN 200610163814A CN 1975207 A CN1975207 A CN 1975207A
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- differential mechanism
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- mechanism self
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Abstract
In the invention, transferring driving force on the driving wheel with adhesive force by sensing the change of the driving wheel adhesive force through a cam and a push-rod and regulating the movement transmission can lock the vehicle wheel which lost the adhesive force. The differential self-locking device has a casing, in which are disposed left and right semiaxles. At two ends of the casing are connected left and right end covers and the right end cover is jointed with the driving gear firmly. On the left and right semiaxles are disposed semiaxles is set a push-rod guide plate. On the guide plate there is a guide hole, in which is disposed a push-rod.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and the device of the self-locking of a kind of vehicle transmission parts, particularly make the method and the device of differential mechanism self-lock.
Background technique
Drive type from automobile and divide, mainly contain part wheel drive vehicle and whole wheel drive vehicle, from safety perspective, all the wheel drive vehicles have higher Security; With our common four-wheel car is example, can be divided into two wheel drive vehicle, abbreviating two as drives, all-wheel-drive vehicle, abbreviate as entirely and drive, under the identical situation of condition, as: car weight, the road surface situation, and tyre type, travelling state etc., two driving wheels of driving need double the frictional force of driving entirely, being used for powered vehicle travels, and wheel equates with the maximal friction on ground, therefore works as two frictional force of driving tire and ground and reaches maximal friction and whipping occurs, break away, understeering, during dangerous situations such as ovdersteering, driving entirely still can cruising; But can face the another one problem during vehicle driving, when driving wheel skids, such as: ice and snow road, sand ground, during situations such as driving wheel is unsettled, vehicle can't pass to driving force on the hesive driving wheel, and cause vehicle to travel, this often takes place when poor condition of road surface or field, and this moment, skidding appears in any one in four driving wheels of driving entirely, and vehicle all can't cruising, and two drive in two driving wheels any one when occurring skidding, vehicle also can't cruising, but two two supporting rollers of driving skid and do not influence the cruising of vehicle, so, the probability of driving to occur vehicle slip entirely is two one times of driving, therefore consider to give the vehicle configuration differential lock, the driving wheel locking with skidding prevents its idle running, with transmission of power to hesive driving wheel, vehicle is extricated oneself from a predicament, so, when driving to dispose differential lock entirely, drive with respect to two, will have maximum Security and passing ability.Present differential lock mainly is divided into the mechanical differential lock of pure mechanical structure and utilizes electronic equipment monitoring vehicle wheel rotational speed poor, and utilize the skid EDS of driving wheel of mechanical structure locking, more representational in the mechanical differential lock of pure mechanical structure is Tosen differential mechanism and viscosity coupling differential mechanism, the Tosen differential mechanism promptly is a differential mechanism, be again a differential lock simultaneously, it has linear locking, be quick on the draw, characteristics such as fuel economy height, but cost of production is too high, is mainly used in high-end vehicle; Viscosity coupling differential mechanism has characteristics such as cost of production is low, fuel economy height, but slow in reacting.EDS have advantages such as cost of production is low, linear locking, but fuel economy is poor, and electronic equipment is unreliable by friction plate locking slip wheel.
The automobile of rear wheel drive, the rotating speed of its differential left right axle shaft is consistent with the rotating speed of differential casing under the situation of normal road surface straight-line travelling, but when automobile turning travels, travels or when uneven road surface travels at uneven road surface, driving wheel is in the adhesion deficiency, the wheel interior at one time distance that moves in both sides is different, monolateral skidding occur, and makes automobile running and turns to difficulty, power consumption increases, and increased the wearing and tearing of some parts and wheel in the transmission system.This problem is to solve by two semiaxis and wheel that differential drives automobile respectively now, and existing differential utensil kind is a lot, and is wheeled as traditional bevel planet gear and straight-tooth, the reaction of moment of torsion induction differential mechanism is fast, can realize real AWD, but the cost height, torque distribution can not change.Stickiness manifold type differential mechanism cost is low, and volume is little, but the timesharing 4 wheel driven, at ordinary times with two drive the same.Stickiness manifold type differential mechanism locking, price is higher.The 4WD of active differential mechanism is a most ripe current 4 wheel driven technology, be the multidisc clutch situation that detects tyre slip by computer and grab ground with torque distribution to antero posterior axis.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of method of differential mechanism self-lock and technological scheme of device of making, the present invention is the differential mechanism of Purely mechanical, variation by push rod and cam induction driving wheel adhesion, driving force is passed on the hesive driving wheel, can be to the effective locking of the wheel that loses adhesion.
Technological scheme of the present invention is, a kind of method that makes differential mechanism self-lock, it is characterized in that, by cam and the variation of push rod induction driving wheel adhesion and the transmission of adjustment movement, driving force is passed on the hesive driving wheel, can be to losing the wheel locking of adhesion, concrete is is power source with the push rod, the semiaxis cam on left half axle and the right axle shaft is that driven member is realized the differential for vehicles self-locking.Push rod only reciprocatingly slides, and does not rotate.
A kind of device that makes differential mechanism self-lock, in the shell is left half axle and right axle shaft, it is characterized in that, the shell left end is rotatable is connected with left end cap, the shell right-hand member is rotatable is connected with right end cap, the right end cap end is fixedly connected with the driving gear that is meshed with transmission shaft, left half axle and right axle shaft are located at the shell inner cavity two ends respectively, respectively with a left side, the right end cap endoporus is rotatable repeatedly, left half axle and right axle shaft are provided with the semiaxis cam, cam curved surface is a wavy curve, and at least two complete waveform on the camming surface are the push rod guide plate that is connected with the shell inner cavity center fixed between the two-semiaxle, on the push rod guide plate pilot hole is arranged, be provided with relative with the two-semiaxle end face respectively in the pilot hole, reciprocating push rod, push rod both ends of the surface are cambered surface, and cross section is non-circular.
Described semiaxis cam is located at the interior edge face of semiaxis, two ring-types that are concentric, different-diameter, ring cam in outer shroud cam and the cover semiaxis therein, two cams in the equal angular scope waveform one to, two waveform starting point standoff distances are L, 0＜L＜1/2 wavelength comprises 2 complete waveforms at least on the cam.
The starting point of the present invention is to design the differential mechanism of a Purely mechanical, by cam and the variation of push rod induction driving wheel adhesion and the transmission of adjustment movement, driving force is passed on the hesive driving wheel, can be to losing the wheel locking of adhesion.
Because the push rod cross section is not circular, push rod only to slide, can not rotate, and push rod circular arc end face is tangent with cam face all the time in pilot hole.When active force comes from push rod, when the direction of power was perpendicular to push rod, the pressure angle of ordinary circumstance lower push-rod and cam was less than 30 °～40 °, this value is by the friction factor decision of material, push rod will move in the vertical direction, and pressure angle is during greater than its critical value, push rod will with cam-locked, be that cam can't promote push rod, in this case, the pressure angle of push rod and cam is less than this critical value, at this moment, cam can promote push rod and slide, and push rod can't rotate by actuating cam; Push rod can be free to slide in pilot hole, this moment two cams with identical speed, during the motion of opposite direction, and when being not more than the critical pressure angle, push rod will slide.Because each semiaxis is provided with two cams, push rod all is fixed in the same guide plate, each push rod correspondence cam separately, can reciprocatingly slide, this moment, semiaxis can't freely rotate, and only made constant speed at two cams, when moving in the other direction, two push rods just can reciprocatingly slide.When left and right two cams with identical speed, during the motion of opposite direction, push rod is with reciprocating.Note that because the external diameter of annulus is greater than internal diameter, this moment, the curve of internal diameter was different with the curve of external diameter this moment, promptly amplitude is equal, but wavelength causes the tangent line angle of the tangent line angle of internal diameter greater than external diameter less than the wavelength of external diameter.So as long as the tangent line angle of internal diameter is not more than the critical pressure angle, the tangent line angle of external diameter is necessarily less than the critical pressure angle.Therefore, as power source, cam just in time satisfies the requirement of differential for vehicles during as driven member with push rod, and promptly two angular speed of wheel sums divided by 2, just in time equal the angular velocity of transmission shaft.But have a problem this moment, and as surface analysis before us, when the crest of a cam during over against the trough of another cam, push rod can be free to slide between two cams, so each semiaxis increases a cam again.Semiaxis cam of the present utility model is two ring-types of concentric, different-diameter, and the waveform starting point standoff distance of two cams is L, and 0＜L＜1/2 wavelength comprises 2 complete waveforms at least on the cam.
With the differential mechanism of this principle as vehicle, can satisfy the needs of normal vehicle operation, realize that promptly the vehicle two-semiaxle is with the different rotating speeds outputting power.Simultaneously also because the relation of the self-locking between cam and the push rod, when the some driving wheels of vehicle lose adhesion, and under the hesive situation of other driving wheel, this differential mechanism is locking automatically, installs and do not need to increase other, can realize the function of differential lock.
The spatial position that differential mechanism is installed on the automobile is very little, requires the structure of differential mechanism very compact, and can adapt to the various requirement of automobile driving wheel.Characteristics of the present invention are, make full use of mechanically operated various characteristics, be skillfully constructed, reasonable in design, simple in structure, safe and reliable, adaptability is strong, cheap, can be widely used in various types of vehicles, being specially adapted to the 4 wheel driven automobile, is a kind of novel automobile torque sensing locking planetary differential.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention,
Fig. 2 is an A_A sectional view of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is a push rod plan view of the present invention,
Fig. 4 is a push rod worm's eye view of the present invention,
Fig. 5 is a push rod right elevation of the present invention,
Fig. 6 is a semiaxis cam plan view of the present invention,
Fig. 7 is a semiaxis cam plan view of the present invention,
Fig. 8 is a semiaxis cam right elevation of the present invention,
Fig. 9 is the cam face plotted curve behind the planar development of the present invention, and (13) are the outer shroud cam curve among the figure, and (14) are interior ring cam curve among the figure, and solid line push rod (4) is the outer shroud push rod, and dotted line push rod (4) is interior ring push rod;
Figure 10 is push rod running orbit figure of the present invention,
Figure 11 is push rod of the present invention and camming movement trajectory diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment, but be not limited to present embodiment.
In the shell (6) is left half axle (1) and right axle shaft (8), and shell left end and right-hand member are connected with left end cap (2) and right end cap (7) movingly, and connect with bolt.The driving gear that is meshed with transmission shaft (9) is made as one with the end of right end cap, left half axle and right axle shaft are located at the shell inner cavity two ends respectively, respectively with a left side, the right end cap endoporus is rotatable repeatedly, be equipped with the semiaxis cam on left half axle and the right axle shaft, semiaxis cam place and shell Spielpassung, cam curved surface is a wavy curve, the semiaxis cam is located at the interior edge face of semiaxis, be concentric, two ring-types of different-diameter, ring cam (5) in outer shroud cam (3) and the cover semiaxis therein, two cams in the equal angular scope waveform one to, two waveform starting point standoff distance L:0＜L＜1/2 wavelength comprise 2 complete waveforms at least on the cam.It between the two-semiaxle push rod guide plate (10) that is connected with the shell inner cavity center fixed, pilot hole on the push rod guide plate (11) quantity and push rod quantity equate, be provided with relative with the two-semiaxle end face respectively, reciprocating push rod (4) in the pilot hole, the push rod both ends of the surface are cambered surface (12), the pilot hole cross section is consistent with the push rod cross section, other shape that is shaped as ellipse, rectangle, polygonal and forms by straight line, curve or straight line and curve, the push rod cross section of present embodiment is one section circular arc; The quantity of push rod (4): the end face of establishing cam has the curved surface of N complete wavelength, and the quantity of set push rod equals N * 2 on each cam, and push rod length equals between two relative cams crest to the perpendicular distance of trough.
As shown in figure 10: the push rod end face is a circular arc, and its radius is r, when the center of circle of two circular arcs respectively along a-b, c-〉the d motion, the track of motion is two tangent semicircles, radius is R, movement locus as shown in phantom in FIG.; The track that this moment, the push rod circular arc was cut is A-〉B, C-〉D, be respectively the semicircle of two different radiis, radius is respectively R1, R2, R1=R+r wherein, R2=R-r.As figure shows, when with A-〉B, C-〉D is during as cam curve, and push rod can slide in Vertical direction, but can not rotate the time, push rod can move freely in the horizontal direction, and its circular arc end face is tangent with cam face all the time.When active force comes as for push rod, when the direction of power is perpendicular to push rod, in the time of in this certain scope of pressure angle of push rod and cam, when ordinary circumstance is 30 °～40 °, push rod will move in the vertical direction, when surpassing, push rod will with cam-locked, and attempt actuating cam and move in the horizontal direction;
In another case, fixing push rod in the horizontal direction, push rod can slide in vertical direction, this moment upper and lower two cams with identical speed, during opposite direction motion, and when being not more than the critical pressure angle, push rod is with upper and lower slip.Therefore design plotted curve shown in Figure 11, figure cam two semicircles by one with horizontal sextant angle be the straight line of θ when tangent, θ is less than maximum critical pressure angle, the circular arc end face of push rod is that the centre is the circular arc of 2 * θ angle, two ends for and tangent the facing directly of circular arc.This advances, when upper and lower two cams with identical speed, when opposite direction is moved, push rod is with upper and lower reciprocating, and give power that vertically goes up mutually of push rod or one vertical power under mutually this moment, push rod can't move by actuating cam in the horizontal direction, and promptly cam can promote push rod, but push rod can't actuating cam.Curve is closed when the cam two ends, when promptly being the end face of a cylinder, the to-and-fro motion that push rod will slide up and down always, note this moment, because the external diameter of annulus is greater than internal diameter, this moment, the curve of internal diameter was different with the curve of external diameter, and promptly amplitude equates, but wavelength causes the tangent line angle of the tangent line angle of internal diameter greater than external diameter less than the wavelength of external diameter.So as long as the tangent line angle of internal diameter is not more than the critical pressure angle, the tangent line angle of external diameter is necessarily less than the critical pressure angle.
Therefore, as power source, cam just in time satisfies the requirement of differential for vehicles during as driven member with push rod, and promptly two angular speed of wheel sums divided by 2, just in time equal the angular velocity of transmission shaft.But a problem there is this moment, as surface analysis before us, when the crest of a cam during over against the trough of another cam, push rod can be free to slide between two cams, so increase a curve again, as Fig. 9, among the figure, the curve that overhead cam increases, original relatively curve, the right mutually side-play amount that 1/4 wavelength is arranged, the curve that following cam increases, original relatively curve, fail to agree 1/4 side-play amount is arranged, this moment when two original curves occur crest to trough, newly-increased curve just in time be crest to crest, trough is to trough.Two push rods are fixed in the external member, and corresponding separately curve can slide up and down, and driving member can't move freely this moment, only make constant speed at two cams, and when moving in the other direction, two push rods just can slide up and down.When these two curves are closed into the end face of a cylinder, promptly as shown in Figure 9: with the differential mechanism of this principle, can satisfy the needs of normal vehicle operation, realize that promptly the vehicle two-semiaxle is with the different rotating speeds outputting power as vehicle.Simultaneously also because the relation of the self-locking between cam and the push rod, when the some driving wheels of vehicle lose adhesion, and under the hesive situation of other driving wheel, this differential mechanism is locking automatically, installs and do not need to increase other, can realize the function of differential lock.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of method that makes differential mechanism self-lock, it is characterized in that, by cam and the variation of push rod induction driving wheel adhesion and the transmission of adjustment movement, driving force is passed on the hesive driving wheel, can be to losing the wheel locking of adhesion, concrete is to be power source with the push rod, and the semiaxis cam on left half axle and the right axle shaft is that driven member is realized the differential for vehicles self-locking.
2, the device that makes differential mechanism self-lock according to claim 1 is characterized in that push rod only reciprocatingly slides, and does not rotate.
3, a kind of device that makes differential mechanism self-lock, in the shell (6) is left half axle (1) and right axle shaft (8), it is characterized in that, the shell left end is rotatable is connected with left end cap (2), the shell right-hand member is rotatable is connected with right end cap (7), the right end cap end is fixedly connected with the driving gear (9) that is meshed with transmission shaft, left half axle and right axle shaft are located at the shell inner cavity two ends respectively, respectively with a left side, the right end cap endoporus is rotatable repeatedly, left half axle and right axle shaft are provided with the semiaxis cam, cam curved surface is a wavy curve, and at least two complete waveform on the camming surface are the push rod guide plate (10) that is connected with the shell inner cavity center fixed between the two-semiaxle, pilot hole (11) is arranged on the push rod guide plate, be provided with relative with the two-semiaxle end face respectively in the pilot hole, reciprocating push rod (4), push rod both ends of the surface are cambered surface (12), and cross section is non-circular.
4, the device that makes differential mechanism self-lock according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described semiaxis cam is located at the interior edge face of semiaxis, two ring-types that are concentric, different-diameter, ring cam (5) in outer shroud cam (3) and the cover semiaxis therein, two cams in the equal angular scope waveform one to, two waveform starting point standoff distances are L, and 0＜L＜1/2 wavelength comprises 2 complete waveforms at least on the cam.
5, the device that makes differential mechanism self-lock according to claim 3, the curved surface that it is characterized in that described semiaxis cam is a wavy curve.
6, the device that makes differential mechanism self-lock according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, if the end face of cam has the curved surface of N complete wavelength, the quantity of set push rod (4) equals N * 2 on each cam, and push rod length equals between two relative cams crest to the perpendicular distance of trough.
7, the device that makes differential mechanism self-lock according to claim 3 is characterized in that described movable push bar cross section reaches the shape of being made up of straight line, curve or straight line and curve for ellipse, rectangle, polygonal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006101638142A CN1975207A (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2006-12-13 | Method and apparatus for making differential mechanism self-lock |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006101638142A CN1975207A (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2006-12-13 | Method and apparatus for making differential mechanism self-lock |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1975207A true CN1975207A (en) | 2007-06-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006101638142A Pending CN1975207A (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2006-12-13 | Method and apparatus for making differential mechanism self-lock |
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| CN (1) | CN1975207A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102588553A (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2012-07-18 | 洪涛 | Self-locking differential containing spatial wedged mechanisms |
| CN105221701A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-06 | 王梅枝 | A kind of axial cam formula limited-slip differential |
| CN108237899A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-03 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Drive shaft locking system and power-driven system and vehicle |
-
2006
- 2006-12-13 CN CNA2006101638142A patent/CN1975207A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102588553A (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2012-07-18 | 洪涛 | Self-locking differential containing spatial wedged mechanisms |
| CN102588553B (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2016-08-10 | 洪涛 | Include the no-spin lockup of space wedge mechanism |
| CN105221701A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-06 | 王梅枝 | A kind of axial cam formula limited-slip differential |
| CN108237899A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-03 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Drive shaft locking system and power-driven system and vehicle |
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