The shaped device and the forming method thereof of the inner sawtooth of hollow tube
Technical field
The present invention relates to the shaped device and the forming method thereof of the inner sawtooth of hollow tube (serration), relate in particular to the precision of the sawtooth of moulding on the part that can improve till and simply finish the shaped device and the forming method thereof of the inner sawtooth of hollow tube of its moulding from minor diameter part to the tapered portion border.
Background technology
For example, the cardan shaft of automobile needs to use the very big hollow tube of moment of inertia owing to bear very big twisting resistance.In addition, with middle real axis mutually little the and hollow tube that can resist very big twisting resistance of weight/power ratio be applicable to a lot of fields.
Recently, hollow tube is applicable to the steering spindle of automobile, is used for the safety of protection driver when colliding.
For example, the transfer of automobile is the device that is used for changing according to driver's purpose in enforcement the vehicle direct of travel.
Such transfer has operating equipment, gear apparatus and connection device, wherein aforesaid operations equipment comprises steering wheel (handle) and steering spindle and post (column) etc., be used for the driver and directly carry out steering operation, and its operating physical force is communicated to each equipment; Be used to the to slow down rotation of steering spindle of said gear equipment, thus when increasing operating physical force, the direction of motion of transition operation equipment, and be communicated to connection device; Above-mentioned connection device comprises pitman arm and steering drag link and joint arm and track rod etc., is used for keeping correct left and right wheels relevant position when said gear equipment mobile is communicated to front-wheel.
Steering spindle comprises end link on the universal joint that is connected steering wheel one side and is connected end link under the universal joint of steering box one side that end link on the universal joint/following end link links to each other by universal joint.
The outside of end link is being around connecting steering column on universal joint, and rotatably is provided with tilting bar, can regulate the angle of steering wheel thus according to driver's the bodily form.
On the other hand, if vehicle in travelling rear-end collision takes place, its impulsive force will be communicated to steering box by engine room, and the impulsive force that is communicated to steering box will be communicated to steering wheel by steering spindle.
At this moment, because impulsive force, steering box will be pushed to the indoor, and the steering spindle and the steering wheel that link to each other with steering box simultaneously also can be pushed to the indoor, so steering wheel can damage the driver.
For this reason, as shown in Figure 1, steering spindle 2 has the hollow sleeve 5 of going up axle 3, lower shaft 4 and connecting these of connection steering wheel (not diagram).
Lower shaft 4 usefulness pins 6 are connected sleeve pipe 5, and the periphery of lower shaft 4 has been pressed into steel ball 8, and lower shaft 4 is pressed in the sleeve pipe 5 during impact, and at this moment steel ball 8 enters week in the sleeve pipe 5, to reduce impulsive force.
But what be used for above-mentioned transfer goes up axle 3 owing to be made into shaft-likely, therefore not only increases own wt, and needs to connect the space of the sleeve pipe 5 of going up axle 3 and lower shaft 4, so its group technology complexity.
In addition,, need the cam rapidly repeated stock moulding of forging machine with rotation in order to make the axle of going up that is used for above-mentioned transfer, and because the impact during moulding, the mechanical strength of axle will reduce.
For addressing the above problem, the application's applicant proposed application, and its transfer is shown in Fig. 2 with axle 100.
This transfer has with axle 100: the main part 10 of hollow, and it has key lock slot part 20, is used to insert switchgears such as lamp switch, washer switch; External diameter sawtooth 12, it is provided with at one end outer diameter part and is used to connect steering wheel (not diagram); Internal diameter sawtooth 16, it is arranged on other end inside diameter and is used to connect lower shaft (not diagram).
Have the axle 100 of said structure, when colliding, lower shaft axially enters along internal diameter sawtooth 16, so can alleviate impact.
The inner sawtooth that forms of hollow tube in the past is to form or use forging machinery formation by Broaching Technology, but no matter use Broaching Technology also to be to use forging machinery, its price height, molding time is long, and noise is big when particularly using forging machinery to make.In addition, when the inner formation of hollow tube sawtooth, in the boundary vicinity generation strain of conical pipe, the sawtooth that forms at the conical pipe boundary vicinity will be crooked, and sawtooth will be inhomogeneous.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem the present invention is proposed, its objective is shaped device and forming method thereof that the inner sawtooth of hollow tube is provided, in order to insert smoothly relatively axle hollow tube is inner form sawtooth in, cheap and the easy moulding sawtooth of manufacturing cost, and make the evenly moulding of sawtooth that the conical pipe boundary member forms.
For achieving the above object, the shaped device of the inner sawtooth of hollow tube of the present invention is characterized in that said apparatus has: the punch die shell of hollow, and its upper end forms opening; The 1st punch die of hollow, it is connected on the above-mentioned punch die shell slidably, and middle body is formed with the 1st tapered portion, inserts above-mentioned hollow tube; Core, it forms along its length direction in above-mentioned punch die shell inside, and its front end periphery formation sawtooth portion, is used to insert above-mentioned hollow tube, to form the 1st sawtooth in hollow tube inside; Pressurized equipment, it is used for pressurization makes above-mentioned hollow tube be inserted into above-mentioned the 1st punch die and core; Delivery device, it is used for above-mentioned hollow tube is separated with above-mentioned core and the 1st punch die.
Above-mentioned pressurized equipment has in above-mentioned punch die shell the equipment that produces oil pressure and discharge oil pressure and to the hollow tube that is connected above-mentioned the 1st punch die and the 1st punch die pressing block to above-mentioned core one side pressurization.At the hollow tube that is inserted into above-mentioned the 1st punch die by pressing block pressurization, during above-mentioned the 1st conical pipe of hollow tube moulding, the plus-pressure of the above-mentioned relatively pressing block of above-mentioned oil pressure is big, and be connected on the core during moulding the 1st sawtooth at above-mentioned hollow tube, the plus-pressure of the above-mentioned relatively pressing block of above-mentioned oil pressure is little.
Above-mentioned delivery device has: the 1st stripper of hollow, and it is connected on the above-mentioned core slidably; Discharge arm, it is used for pushing above-mentioned the 1st stripper to direction that above-mentioned hollow tube breaks away from.
The shaped device of the inner sawtooth of above-mentioned hollow tube is characterized in that said apparatus further has: the 2nd punch die of hollow, and it is used to insert the hollow tube that forms above-mentioned the 1st sawtooth; Pressing block, it is used for above-mentioned hollow tube pressurization is inserted into above-mentioned the 2nd punch die; Plug (mandrel), it liftably is formed on above-mentioned the 2nd punch die inside, and its front end periphery forms sawtooth, is inserted into above-mentioned hollow tube; The 2nd stripper, it is connected on the above-mentioned plug slidably; Discharge arm, above-mentioned the 2nd stripper of its interlock, with hollow tube from above-mentioned plug jack-up; Elastic devices, it is used to make above-mentioned plug to depart to the discharge direction elasticity of above-mentioned hollow tube.
Above-mentioned the 2nd punch die has 2nd tapered portion relatively littler than the 1st tapered portion diameter of above-mentioned the 1st punch die.
The forming method of the inner sawtooth of hollow tube of the present invention, it is characterized in that, said method comprises: the hollow tube forming step, wherein insert the hollow tube that needs moulding, moulding and the corresponding hollow tube of the 1st punch die shape being formed with on the 1st punch die of required minor diameter part, large-diameter portion and tapered portion; A sawtooth forming step, wherein above-mentioned the 1st small diameter tube of above-mentioned hollow tube and till the boundary member of above-mentioned the 1st small diameter tube and above-mentioned the 1st conical pipe moulding the 1st sawtooth; Secondary sawtooth forming step wherein inserts on the 2nd punch die with tapered portion relatively littler than the tapered portion of above-mentioned the 1st punch die and forms the hollow tube of above-mentioned the 1st sawtooth, and will form back discharge till the conical pipe that serrate plug is inserted into above-mentioned hollow tube.
As mentioned above, shaped device and forming method thereof according to the inner sawtooth of hollow tube of the present invention, moulding sawtooth till can be from the 1st minor diameter part of hollow tube to conical pipe, and the sawtooth of bending carried out fine finishining by post forming, to improve the sawtooth precision of conical pipe part, thereby insert axle relatively smoothly, improve the rigidity of hollow tube.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is to use the fragmentary cross sectional view of the steering spindle in the past of hollow tube.
Fig. 2 represents the fragmentary cross sectional view of hollow tube in the past.
Fig. 3 a to Fig. 3 c is the concise and to the point figure of expression hollow tube completed state of the present invention.
Fig. 4 a to Fig. 4 d is the work sheet of the shaped device of the inner sawtooth of hollow tube of the present invention.
Fig. 5 a to Fig. 5 c is the work sheet of fine finishining moulding device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the state sectional view of the hollow tube of the present invention steering spindle that is used for automobile.
Fig. 7 is the case of bending of expression sawtooth and conical pipe and the fragmentary cross sectional view of utilizing fine finishining moulding device of the present invention to come the reshaping state.
Reference numeral
30: hollow tube, 31: the 1 small diameter tubes, 32: large-diameter pipe, 33: conical pipe,
34: the 1 sawtooth, 210: the punch die shell, 220: core,
230: stripper, 240: discharge arm, 280: punch die,
281: the 1 tapered portion
The specific embodiment
Describe the preferred embodiment for the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail.
The hollow tube of embodiment of the present invention makes that when connected relative axle is passed on revolving force axle can be inserted into hollow tube inside smoothly relatively.
Hollow tube with said structure for example, is connected steering wheel one end of hollow tube in the transfer of automobile; and the opposite side of hollow tube connects axle relatively; so relative axle will insert the hollow tube inboard when colliding, and with shock absorbing, protect driver safety thus.
With reference to Fig. 3 a to Fig. 3 c of the above-mentioned hollow tube forming process of expression, this hollow tube has: the 1st small diameter tube 31, and it is formed by the circular hollow tube 30 of the hollow of Fig. 3 a shown in Fig. 3 b; Large-diameter pipe 32, it forms from above-mentioned the 1st small diameter tube 31 expanders; The 1st conical pipe 33, its moulding are used to connect above-mentioned the 1st small diameter tube 31 and large-diameter pipe 32; The 1st sawtooth 34, it is molded over shown in Fig. 3 c in the 1st small diameter tube 31.
Above-mentioned the 1st sawtooth 34 is formed on till the boundary member of above-mentioned the 1st small diameter tube 31 and above-mentioned the 1st small diameter tube 31 and above-mentioned the 1st conical pipe 33.
On the other hand, as shown in Figure 6, above-mentioned hollow tube 30 connects the 2nd small diameter tube 35 on the other end of above-mentioned large-diameter pipe 32, be formed for connecting the 2nd sawtooth 36 of motor turning dish (not diagram) in the periphery of above-mentioned the 2nd small diameter tube 35, to be used for the transfer of automobile.
Above-mentioned hollow tube 30 not only can be communicated to the revolving force of steering wheel on the relative axle (not diagram) that is connected to the 1st small diameter tube 31, and relative axle can be inserted into hollow tube 30 1 sides when colliding, with shock absorbing.
At this moment, the 1st sawtooth 34 is formed up to till the boundary member of the 1st small diameter tube 31 and above-mentioned the 1st conical pipe 33, so axle can insert smoothly relatively, prevents the 1st small diameter tube 31 interior axle damages of the sawtooth and the hollow tube of axle periphery moulding relatively, absorbs impact smoothly.
The device of the above-mentioned hollow tube 30 of moulding has following structure.
With reference to Fig. 4 a to Fig. 4 d, above-mentioned shaped device is to be used to make hollow tube 30 to be shaped to have the 1st small diameter tube 31, large-diameter pipe 32 and the 1st conical pipe 33, and at interior all moulding the 1st sawtooth 34 of the 1st small diameter tube 31.
Said apparatus has: the punch die shell 210 of hollow, and its upper end forms opening 211; The 1st punch die 280 of hollow, it is connected on the above-mentioned punch die shell 210 slidably, and middle body is formed with the 1st tapered portion 281, is used to insert above-mentioned hollow tube 30; Core 220, length direction along the punch die shell forms in above-mentioned punch die shell 210 inside for it, and its front end periphery formation sawtooth portion 221, inserts above-mentioned hollow tube 30; Pressurized equipment, it is used for pressurization makes above-mentioned hollow tube 30 be inserted into above-mentioned the 1st punch die 280 and core 220; Delivery device, it is used for above-mentioned hollow tube 30 is separated with above-mentioned core 220 and the 1st punch die 280.
Above-mentioned pressurized equipment has in above-mentioned punch die shell 210 equipment that produces oil pressure and discharge oil pressure and to the hollow tube 30 that is connected above-mentioned the 1st punch die 280 and the 1st punch die 280 pressing block 300 to above-mentioned core 220 1 sides pressurization.During the hollow tube that is inserted into above-mentioned the 1st punch die 280 is by pressing block 300 pressurizations, above-mentioned the 1st conical pipe of hollow tube 30 moulding, the plus-pressure of the above-mentioned relatively pressing block 300 of above-mentioned oil pressure is big, and be connected on the core 220 during moulding the 1st sawtooth at above-mentioned hollow tube 30, the plus-pressure of the above-mentioned relatively pressing block 300 of above-mentioned oil pressure is little.
As shown in the figure, above-mentioned oil pressure unit uses oil pressure pump 270 and the accumulator 260 that produces oil pressure usually.
Above-mentioned delivery device has: the 1st stripper 230 of hollow, and it is connected on the above-mentioned core 220 slidably; Discharge arm 240, it is used for pushing above-mentioned the 1st stripper 230 to direction that above-mentioned hollow tube 30 breaks away from.
Shown in Fig. 4 a, above-mentioned shaped device will need the hollow tube 30 of moulding to be connected on the punch die 280.At this moment, the oil pressure of oil pressure pump 270 is supplied with punch die shell 210 inside, and shown in Fig. 4 b, at 300 pairs of hollow tube 30 pressure dwells of pressing block, piston 250 keeps oil pressure, by pressing block 300 pressurizations, hollow tube 30 is shaped to has conical pipe 33.Then, shown in Fig. 4 c, pressing block 300 and punch die 280 are further descended, discharge oil pressure, hollow tube 30 inserts core 220, all moulding the 1st sawtooth 34 in the 1st small diameter tube 31.At this moment, the 1st sawtooth 34 is formed into till the border of the 1st small diameter tube 31 and conical pipe 33.After week, shown in Fig. 4 d, discharge arm 240 work are discharged hollow tube 30 by the stripper 230 that rises in the 1st sawtooth 34 is molded over the 1st small diameter tube 31.
Hollow tube 30 by above-mentioned shaped device moulding is formed into the 1st sawtooth 34 till the border of conical pipe 33, so the relative axle by the 1st small diameter tube 31 can insert smoothly, prevent week and the damage of the sawtooth portion of axle relatively in the 1st small diameter tube 31, shock absorbing.
On the other hand, by above-mentioned shaped device moulding the 1st sawtooth 34 time, can produce strain in the boundary portion of conical pipe 33, the 1st sawtooth 34 produces crooked sawtooth 34a in the boundary portion of conical pipe 33 as shown in Figure 7.Therefore, the relative axle that connects with the 1st small diameter tube 31 can not insert smoothly, has reduced the rigidity of hollow tube 30.For this reason, one-time formed hollow tube by the fine finishining moulding device shown in Fig. 5 a to Fig. 5 c, is improved the formed precision of the 1st sawtooth 34.
Above-mentioned fine finishining moulding device has: the 2nd punch die 400 of hollow, and it has 2nd tapered portion 410 relatively littler than the 1st tapered portion 281 diameters of above-mentioned the 1st punch die 280, and inserts the hollow tube 30 of above-mentioned moulding; Pressing block 300, it is used for above-mentioned hollow tube 30 pressurizations are inserted into above-mentioned the 2nd punch die 400; Plug 420, it liftably is formed on above-mentioned the 2nd punch die 400 inside, and its front end periphery is formed with sawtooth, is used to insert above-mentioned hollow tube 30; The 2nd stripper 430, it is connected on the above-mentioned plug 420 slidably; Discharge arm 440, above-mentioned the 2nd stripper 430 of its interlock, with hollow tube 30 from above-mentioned plug 420 jack-up; Elastic devices (spring, 450), it is used to make above-mentioned plug 420 to depart to the discharge direction elasticity of above-mentioned hollow tube 30.
Above-mentioned fine finishining moulding device shown in Fig. 5 a, is used for one-time formed hollow tube 30 is inserted into the 2nd punch die 400, shown in Fig. 5 b, with pressing block 300 pressurization, be inserted into and compare relative the 2nd little tapered portion 410 with the 1st small diameter tube 31, and make plug 420 be inserted into the 1st small diameter tube 31 inside.At this moment, the external diameter of the 1st small diameter tube 31 is owing to the 2nd tapered portion 410 narrows down, and as shown in Figure 7 because plug 420, so the external diameter 30b of the hollow tube of post forming compares with the external diameter 30a of one-time formed hollow tube, to hollow tube 30 inboard inclinations, the narrow diameter of the hollow tube of post forming just, the 1st sawtooth 34b of post forming and the 1st sawtooth 34a of one-time formed bending are positioned at the 1st sawtooth 34a of same axle or the bending of the 1st sawtooth 34b ratio more to the inboard, make the relative axle insertion smoothly that connects with the 1st small diameter tube 31.Then, shown in Fig. 5 c, discharge arm 440 is worked, and discharges the hollow tube 30 of moulding by stripper 430.
The following describes the forming method of above-mentioned hollow tube.
With reference to Fig. 4 a to Fig. 5 c, the forming method of the inner sawtooth of hollow tube comprises: the hollow tube forming step, wherein insert the hollow tube 30 that needs moulding, moulding and the corresponding hollow tube of the 1st punch die 280 shapes being formed with on the 1st punch die 280 of required minor diameter part, large-diameter portion and tapered portion; A sawtooth forming step, wherein above-mentioned the 1st small diameter tube 31 of above-mentioned hollow tube and till the boundary member of above-mentioned the 1st small diameter tube 31 and above-mentioned the 1st conical pipe 33 moulding the 1st sawtooth; Secondary sawtooth forming step, wherein on the 2nd punch die 400, insert and want the hollow tube of moulding, and the plug 420 that will be formed with sawtooth portion is inserted into back discharge till the conical pipe 33 of above-mentioned hollow tube with relative little tapered portion 410 with the tapered portion 281 of above-mentioned the 1st punch die 280.
A sawtooth forming step of above-mentioned forming method, wherein in sawtooth forming step from the 1st small diameter tube 31 of above-mentioned hollow tube 30 to the boundary member of above-mentioned the 1st small diameter tube 31 and the 1st conical pipe 33 till the moulding sawtooth, the 1st sawtooth 34b of post forming and the 1st sawtooth 34a of one-time formed bending are positioned at the 1st sawtooth 34a of same axle or the bending of the 1st sawtooth 34b ratio more to the inboard, relative axle can be inserted smoothly, improve the rigidity of hollow tube 30.
As mentioned above, with on the relative axle that revolving force is communicated to the 1st small diameter tube connects, axle enters the hollow tube inboard relatively simultaneously, with shock absorbing by hollow tube in the present invention.Under situation about being used on the auto steerer for example, axle will enter hollow tube relatively when colliding, and will be outstanding to prevent steering wheel, and the revolving force with steering wheel when usual is communicated on the relative axle, with the control direction of traffic.