CN1918682A - Electro-magnetic force driving actuator and circuit breaker using the same - Google Patents

Electro-magnetic force driving actuator and circuit breaker using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1918682A
CN1918682A CNA2005800047609A CN200580004760A CN1918682A CN 1918682 A CN1918682 A CN 1918682A CN A2005800047609 A CNA2005800047609 A CN A2005800047609A CN 200580004760 A CN200580004760 A CN 200580004760A CN 1918682 A CN1918682 A CN 1918682A
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China
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mentioned
permanent magnet
magnet
coil
movable member
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CNA2005800047609A
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CN100543899C (en
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姜钟皓
郑炫教
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Ematech Inc
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Seoul National University Industry Foundation
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H33/38—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electromagnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/42—Driving mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
    • H01H2239/044—High voltage application

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed are an electro-magnetic force driving actuator and a circuit breaker comprising the actuator. The actuator comprises a hollow inner case made of magnetic material; an outer case made of magnetic material and being concentric with the inner case and radially mounted at an interval outwardly from the inner case; inner and outer permanent magnets abutting on an outer surface of the inner case and an inner surface of the outer case, respectively and positioned to maintain a predetermined gap between the magnets; a coil mounted to be linearly movable in an axial direction between the inner and outer permanent magnets; and a non-magnetic movable member having an end to which the coil is provided and linearly moving in the axial direction between the inner and outer permanent magnets with electromagnetic repulsive forces occurring due to magnetic fields by the inner and outer permanent magnets and a current density of the coil when current is supplied to the coil. The circuit breaker comprises the actuator and an insulation-actuating rod connected to another end of the movable member and linearly moving by the movable member to perform closing and opening operations.

Description

Electromagnetic actuators and the circuit breaker that has used this actuator
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used for the actuator and the circuit breaker of electric power system, more specifically, relate to small-sized, light weight and can realize service speed and operating physical force is maximized, use the actuator of electromagnetic repulsion power, and circuit breaker, this circuit breaker is brought into play good cut-out function by using this actuator, high pressure and extra high voltage circuit breaker can be effectively applied to especially thus, and the low pressure circuit breaker can be easily be applied to.
Background technology
Circuit breaker mainly is feeder ear or the receiving end that is configured in supply line, and the normal current during to the electric power system fault-free opens and closes needless to say, when fault such as being short-circuited, comes protection system and various power equipment (load) by the disengagement failure electric current.
This circuit breaker can be divided into according to arc extinguishing/dielectric: vacuum circuit-breaker (VCB:Vacuum Circuit Breaker), oil circuit breaker (OCB:Oil Circuit Breaker), gas-break switch (GCB:Gas Circuit Breaker) etc.
When circuit breaker disengagement failure electric current, need carry out arc extinguishing to the arc light that is produced between two contacts.The above-mentioned gas circuit breaker can be further divided into by the mode of electric arc being carried out arc extinguishing: gas blast arc-quenching type (Puffer type), rotation arc extinguishing type (Rotating arc type), thermal expansion arc extinguishing type (Thermal expansion type), compound arc extinguishing type (Hybrid extinction type) etc.
In accompanying Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, show gas blast arc-quenching type gas-break switch in the above-mentioned circuit breaker as an example of circuit breaker.
The gas blast arc-quenching type gas-break switch as arc extinguishing/dielectric, mainly is the circuit breaker that is used for superhigh pressure rank (being generally the level more than or equal to 72.5kV) with SF6 gas (the sulphur hexafluoride Huang is hereinafter referred to as " arc extinguishing gases ").
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the gas blast arc-quenching type gas-break switch comprises substantially: the cut-out portion 10 that is used for the disengagement failure electric current; And the actuator 50 that is used to operate cut-out portion 10.
Above-mentioned cut-out portion 10 is made of fixed part and movable part, and is set at inside and is filled with in the SF6 gas containers 2.
The fixed part of above-mentioned cut-out portion 10 has: fixed arc contact 11 and fixing main contact 12, and have insulating cylinder 13, fixed piston 14, supporting station 15 and support insulator 16 etc.
The movable part of above-mentioned cut-out portion 10 has: movable arc contact 21, movable main contact 22, insulation nozzle 23, air blowing cylinder 24 and insulating bar 25.
The actuating strut 51 of above-mentioned actuator 50 is connected with above-mentioned insulating bar 25.And above-mentioned movable arc contact 21, movable main contact 22, insulation nozzle 23 and air blowing cylinder 24 link into an integrated entity with above-mentioned insulating bar 25.
Therefore, when above-mentioned actuator 50 is driven, above-mentioned insulating bar 25 is moved by above-mentioned actuating strut 51.Along with moving of above-mentioned insulating bar 25, above-mentioned movable arc contact 21, movable main contact 22, insulation nozzle 23 and air blowing cylinder 24 move integratedly, carry out closure (conducting electric current) action thus and disconnect (cut-out electric current) action.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 1, be kept closed the limit in normal condition bottom normal current is flow through.
Yet in case that electric power system takes place is unusual, and when flowing through the fault current that reaches normal current several times (for example, about 10 times), this fault current makes actuator 50 actions.As shown in Figure 2, the above-mentioned actuating strut 51 of consequently above-mentioned actuator 50 tractions, and 51 pairs of insulating bars 25 of actuating strut draw.Therefore, movable arc contact 21 breaks away from fixed arc contact 11, and movable main contact 22 breaks away from fixedly main contact 12.
Meanwhile, air blowing cylinder 24 to the direction traction relative with fixed piston 14, is compressed the arc extinguishing gases of air blowing cylinder 24 inside thus.Compressed arc extinguishing gases passes through from air entry 17 and runner 18, and blows to the direction of arrow shown in Figure 2, cuts down the arc-plasma that produces between fixed arc contact 11 and the movable arc contact 21 rapidly, and consequently electric current is cut off (off-state).
In this kind circuit breaker,, must disconnect action at a high speed for disengagement failure electric current and the insulation between the recovery contact rapidly.Yet,, only form the gap that disconnects and can not carry out the electric arc arc extinguishing fully, so be necessary to be blown into as mentioned above arc extinguishing gases owing to be formed with arc-plasma.Therefore, actuator 50 must be born the power that is used to compress arc extinguishing gases, promptly is used to resist fixed piston 14 and power that air blowing cylinder 24 is moved.That is, must increase operating physical force, therefore need actuator 50 to have bigger power and more speed in order to improve opening speed.
For example, power supply be about 250mm with high pressure/superhigh pressure (usually, more than or equal to 365kv) with the open gap (SL:Stroke Length) of circuit breaker, can be with the bigger power of the such utmost point short time action of 45ms and at a high speed thereby need.
Now, high pressure/superhigh pressure mainly is to use oil pressure activated device or pneumatic actuator with circuit breaker.Yet have following problem: this kind actuator accounts for about 1/3 of circuit breaker overall price, and is very expensive, at the most dependence on import of China.In addition, there are the danger that makes the leakage of action liquid owing to the variation of environment temperature in this kind oil pressure or pneumatic actuator.And this kind actuator is made up of a lot of parts, therefore, even in these parts breaks down, also might cause the whole akinesia of actuator.
Therefore, in order to develop the actuator that can replace above-mentioned oil pressure or pneumatic actuator, launched developmental research in the whole world.As result of study, representational comprising: spring actuator (coil spring), electromechanical actuators (utilize motor to make rotatablely move be converted to straight-line system) and PMA actuator (Permanent Magnetic Actuator: the permanent magnet actuator).
But, owing to above-mentioned spring actuator is to remove the system that its compression stress obtains power from the compressive state of spring as required, therefore cheap for manufacturing cost, but, therefore have the lower shortcoming of reliability of operate condition because the elastic force of spring is not constant.Therefore, not only be not suitable for being blown into high pressure/superhigh pressure circuit breaker of arc extinguishing gases, and if used this actuator, then cutting off probability of failure can increase greatly.
Though it is cheap for manufacturing cost, also on the high side that above-mentioned electromechanical actuators is compared with air pressure or oil pressure activated device, and there is the problem that is difficult to export bigger power,, in high pressure/superhigh pressure, then is difficult to give full play to performance though can be used as low pressure usefulness.
Above-mentioned PMA actuator is magnetic force that produces by permanent magnet and the structure that is made the movable member action by the electromagnetic force that magnetic field generated that streaming current in coil produces.Therefore, have very simply structure, and operating efficiency is also very high, and has that the action of can realizing is stable, advantage of uniform, so be widely used as the low-voltage circuit breaker actuator recently.
Yet, owing to above-mentioned PMA actuator is the system that magnetic force that produces with permanent magnet and the magnetic force that streaming current produces in coil drive, therefore need to make the path of magnetic field process, and movable movable member need be made of also magnet of magnet (iron core).Therefore, needing owing to the rupturing capacity increase under the actuator output occasion more energetically, need to produce a lot of magnetic field, in order to make this magnetic field (magnetic saturation state: after magnet has carried out magnetization to a certain degree that can not reach capacity, even further strengthen electric current, magnetization can not proceeded yet, promptly, reach " magnetic saturation state ", under the magnetic saturation state, even continue to increase electric current, also can not get power) more than or equal to certain limit, magnet also needs correspondingly to increase, therefore the size of actuator burden also can increase, but by square being inversely proportional to of the magnetic flux density of permanent magnet and coil institute excitation and gap lengths, so is restricted to the application of the big high pressure/superhigh pressure of the contact gap of cut-out portion with circuit breaker.For example, being under the occasion of low pressure about 20mm with PMA with the actuator of circuit breaker as open gap because optimum model size (wide * long * thick) is 200 * 250 * 100mm, therefore only its weight just more than or equal to 10kg.Therefore, when with above-mentioned PMA actuation applications when superhigh pressure is used circuit breaker, it is very big that circuit breaker can become, this is difficult to be avoided, and with the occasion of using oil pressure or pneumatic actuator mutually weight/power ratio increase, manufacturing cost also increases.But, in fact, also do not find so far the PMA actuation applications in the suitable method of high pressure/superhigh pressure with circuit breaker.
Summary of the invention
The present invention makes for the problem points that solves above-mentioned conventional art, its purpose is to provide a kind of not only small-sized, light weight but also can realizes service speed and operating physical force is maximized, use the actuator of electromagnetic force, and circuit breaker, this circuit breaker can be brought into play good cut-out performance by using this actuator, particularly superhigh pressure and high pressure circuit breaker can be used as effectively thus, and the low pressure circuit breaker can be used as.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the actuator that first execution mode of the present invention relates to is characterized in that, comprising: hollow inner barrel is made of magnet; Outer cylinder body is made of magnet, is concentric shape and is arranged on the outside of radial direction with above-mentioned inner barrel with keeping certain intervals with above-mentioned inner barrel; The medial and lateral permanent magnet contacts with the inner surface of the outer surface of above-mentioned inner barrel and above-mentioned outer cylinder body respectively and keeps the configuration of certain intervals ground mutually; Coil can freely carry out straight line vertically and be arranged on movably between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet; The movable member of nonmagnetic body, above-mentioned coil is arranged at the one end, to above-mentioned coil power supply the time, by by the magnetic field of above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet and the electromagnetic repulsion power that current density produced of above-mentioned coil, between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet, carry out rectilinear motion vertically.
The actuator that first execution mode of the present invention relates to is to utilize by based on the magnetic field of permanent magnet with make the structure of movable member action based on the power that electric field produced of coil current, therefore, even small-sized, light weight also can produce bigger operating physical force and service speed.
In the actuator of first execution mode of the invention described above, the movable member of above-mentioned nonmagnetic body can comprise: movable endless member, can be arranged between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet, above-mentioned coil is arranged at the one end with freely carrying out rectilinear motion vertically; Movable axis can freely carry out the inboard that straight line is arranged on above-mentioned inner barrel movably, and the one end is connected in above-mentioned movable endless member, carries out rectilinear motion vertically by this movable endless member.
In the actuator of first execution mode of the invention described above, above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet can be made of superconducting magnet.
In the actuator of first execution mode of the invention described above, preferably include first, second end panel, it is made of magnet, responds to slick and sly path, magnetic field by the both ends of stopping up above-mentioned inner barrel and outer cylinder body.
On the other hand, circuit breaker of the present invention is characterized in that, comprising: hollow inner barrel is made of magnet; Outer cylinder body is made of magnet, is concentric shape and is arranged on the outside of radial direction with above-mentioned inner barrel with keeping certain intervals with above-mentioned inner barrel; The medial and lateral permanent magnet contacts with the inner surface of the outer surface of above-mentioned inner barrel and above-mentioned outer cylinder body respectively and keeps the configuration of certain intervals ground mutually; Coil can freely carry out straight line vertically and be arranged on movably between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet; The movable member of nonmagnetic body, above-mentioned coil is arranged at the one end, to above-mentioned coil power supply the time, utilization is carried out rectilinear motion vertically by the magnetic field of above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet and the electromagnetic repulsion power that current density produced of above-mentioned coil between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet; And insulating bar, be connected in the other end of above-mentioned movable member, carry out rectilinear motion by above-mentioned movable member and carry out closed action and disconnect action.
In the circuit breaker of the invention described above, above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet can be made of superconducting magnet.
In the circuit breaker of the invention described above, the movable member of above-mentioned nonmagnetic body can comprise: movable endless member, can be arranged between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet with freely carrying out rectilinear motion vertically, and above-mentioned coil is arranged at the one end; Movable axis, can freely carry out the inboard that straight line is arranged on above-mentioned inner barrel movably, the one end is connected in above-mentioned movable endless member, and its other end is connected in above-mentioned insulating bar, carry out rectilinear motion vertically by above-mentioned movable endless member, above-mentioned insulating bar is moved.
In the circuit breaker of the invention described above, can comprise first, second end panel, it is made of magnet, responds to slick and sly path, magnetic field by the both ends of stopping up above-mentioned inner barrel and outer cylinder body.
In the circuit breaker of the invention described above, can comprise buffer unit, being arranged on becomes the position of above-mentioned movable member at the mobile end that disconnects direction, absorbs impulsive force.
Here, above-mentioned buffer unit can be made of compression helical spring.
Actuator second embodiment of the invention is characterized in that, comprising: by the housing that magnet constitutes, be formed with the chamber of ring-type in inside; The inboard permanent magnet of ring-type and outside permanent magnet keep certain intervals and are arranged on the chamber interior of above-mentioned housing with one heart shape at radial direction; And movable member, coil with ring-type, can freely carry out straight line vertically is arranged between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet movably, to above-mentioned coil power supply the time, by by the magnetic field of above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and above-mentioned outside permanent magnet and the electromagnetic repulsion power that current density produced of above-mentioned coil, between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet, carry out rectilinear motion vertically.
In the actuator of second execution mode of the invention described above, be provided with the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet of ring-type respectively at the both ends of above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet, above-mentioned movable member can be to dispose first magnet ring of ring-type and second magnet ring at the both ends of this coil respectively and form the form of one with above-mentioned coil.
At this, the polarity of the preferred above-mentioned first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet becomes rightabout with the polar configurations of above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet.
And above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet can be made of superconducting magnet.
In the actuator of second execution mode of the invention described above, preferred above-mentioned coil and first, second magnet ring are embedded in the insulator shell and form one.
Here, preferred above-mentioned insulator shell is made of plastic material.
In the actuator of second execution mode of the invention described above, can first, second buffer unit be set in the both ends of above-mentioned movable member side, so that the end that prevents above-mentioned movable member is at the terminal housing that collides of moving axially of above-mentioned movable member.
Here, above-mentioned first, second buffer unit can be made of compression helical spring.
And above-mentioned first, second buffer unit can be made of compression helical spring, is configured between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet.
In the actuator of second execution mode of the invention described above, an end of above-mentioned movable member can be connected with many nonmagnetic body bars, is provided with the supporting station that is used to be connected to operand in the end of above-mentioned many nonmagnetic body bars.
The circuit breaker of other execution mode of the present invention is characterized in that, comprising: the actuator that second embodiment of the invention relates to; And insulating bar, be connected in above-mentioned movable member, so that carry out rectilinear motion, disconnect action and closed action by the movable member of above-mentioned actuator.
The actuator of the 3rd execution mode of the present invention, it is characterized in that, be provided with a plurality of Electromagnetically-operating portion in the inside of a housing that constitutes by magnet, above-mentioned a plurality of operating portion comprises respectively: the inboard permanent magnet of ring-type and outside permanent magnet keep certain intervals and shape ground setting with one heart at radial direction; Movable member, coil with ring-type, can freely carry out straight line vertically is arranged between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet movably, to above-mentioned coil power supply the time, by by the magnetic field of above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and above-mentioned outside permanent magnet and the electromagnetic repulsion power that current density produced of above-mentioned coil, between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet, carry out rectilinear motion vertically; Many bars are connected in above-mentioned a plurality of movable member; And supporting station, connect the end of above-mentioned many bars together.
In the actuator of the 3rd execution mode of the invention described above, be provided with the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet of ring-type respectively at the both ends of above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet, above-mentioned movable member is to dispose first magnet ring of ring-type and second magnet ring at the both ends of this coil respectively and form the form of one with above-mentioned coil.
Here, above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet can be made of superconducting magnet.
The circuit breaker of other execution mode of the present invention is characterised in that, comprise insulating bar, be connected in above-mentioned supporting station, carry out closed action and disconnect action so that a plurality of movable members of the actuator of the 3rd execution mode by the invention described above and above-mentioned actuator carry out rectilinear motion.
Because the actuator of the present invention of above explanation has the structure that is made the movable member action by the electromagnetic repulsion power that current density produced of the magnetic field of permanent magnet and coil, also can form the bigger operating physical force and the advantage of service speed even therefore have small-sized, light weight.
And, in circuit breaker of the present invention,, therefore, have the following advantages: can be applicable to superhigh pressure and primary cut-out especially effectively, also can easily be used as the low pressure circuit breaker owing to cut off action with bigger power and higher speed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the closure state of the gas blast arc-quenching type circuit breaker in the illustration circuit breaker in the past.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of the detailed arc extinguishing state of expression circuit breaker shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the actuator structure that relates to of expression preferred first execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view along the A-A line of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 to Fig. 7 is the figure of structure of the circuit breaker of the expression actuator that is provided with first embodiment of the invention, is the expression circuit breaker is changed to arc extinguishing state, off-state from closure state sectional view.
Fig. 8 is the perspective, cut-away view of the actuator structure that relates to of expression preferred second execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 9 and Figure 10 are respectively the detailed figure of the structural element of the actuator of expression second execution mode of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the sectional view of circuit breaker that expression is provided with the actuator of second embodiment of the invention.
Figure 12 to Figure 15 is the sectional view of the course of action of the actuator of representing that successively second embodiment of the invention relates to.
Figure 16 and Figure 17 are illustrated in the actuator of second embodiment of the invention, do not have first, second magnet ring and auxiliary permanent magnet, and make the power that movable member moves and the curve chart of current characteristics when only having the medial and lateral permanent magnet.
Figure 18 and Figure 19 be the actuator of expression second embodiment of the invention when also having first, second magnet ring and auxiliary permanent magnet power and the curve chart of current characteristics.
Figure 20 and Figure 21 are respectively the vertical view and the perspective, cut-away view of the electromagnetic actuators structure that relates to of expression the 3rd execution mode of the present invention.
The reference numeral explanation:
100 actuators, 110 inner barrels, 120 outer cylinder bodies, 130 inboard permanent magnets, 132 outside permanent magnets, 140 coils, 142 supply lines, 150 movable members, 152 movable endless members, 154 movable axises, 156 connecting axles, 158 connecting plates
Embodiment
Following with reference to accompanying drawing, describe preferred implementation of the present invention in detail.
[embodiment 1]
Accompanying Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are the figure of the actuator that relates to of expression preferred first execution mode of the present invention.Fig. 3 is the sectional view of expression actuator structure, and Fig. 4 is the sectional view along the A-A line of Fig. 3.
Right figure among Fig. 3 is the state (closure state) before the expression actuator action, and left figure is the state (off-state) after the expression actuator action.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the actuator 100 that the present invention relates to is electromagnetic actuators (Electro-Magnetic Force driving Actuator:EMFA), comprising: inner barrel 110, outer cylinder body 120, medial and lateral permanent magnet 130,132, coil 140, and movable member 150.
Above-mentioned inner barrel 110 and outer cylinder body 120 are made of magnet, radial direction keep mutually certain intervals and with one heart shape ground dispose.
Above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 130 is arranged to contact with the outer surface of above-mentioned inner barrel 110, and above-mentioned outside permanent magnet 132 is arranged to contact with the inner surface of above-mentioned outer cylinder body 120.Therefore, above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 130 and outside permanent magnet 132 keep certain intervals at radial direction.
Above-mentioned coil 140 is set between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 130 and the outside permanent magnet 132, can freely carry out straight line vertically and move.Power to this coil 140 by supply lines 142.
Above-mentioned movable member 150 is made of nonmagnetic body, and above-mentioned coil 140 is arranged at the one end.Therefore, when above-mentioned coil 140 is powered, power by " magnetic field " of above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 130 and above-mentioned outside permanent magnet 132 and " electric field " based on the electric current of above-mentioned coil 140 are produced makes above-mentioned movable member 150 carry out rectilinear motion vertically between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 130 and outside permanent magnet 132.
In embodiment shown in the drawings, above-mentioned movable member 150 comprises: movable endless member 152 and movable axis 154.
Particularly, above-mentioned movable endless member 152 is set between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 130 and the outside permanent magnet 132, can axially freely carry out rectilinear motion.Above-mentioned coil 140 is arranged on an end of above-mentioned movable endless member 152.Therefore, when above-mentioned coil 140 is powered, above-mentioned movable endless member 152 carries out rectilinear motion vertically with coil 140.
Above-mentioned movable axis 154 can freely be carried out the center that straight line is arranged on above-mentioned inner barrel 110 movably.And an end of above-mentioned movable axis 154 is connected in above-mentioned movable endless member 152.Therefore, above-mentioned movable axis 154 carries out straight line integratedly vertically with above-mentioned movable endless member 152 and moves.
In execution mode shown in Figure 3, above-mentioned movable endless member 152 and movable axis 154 have the structure that forms one by connecting axle 156 and connecting plate 158.
Above-mentioned connecting axle 156 extends many from above-mentioned movable endless member 152, and above-mentioned connecting plate 158 is connected the end of these many connecting axles 156.
Above-mentioned movable axis 154 extends from the central authorities of above-mentioned connecting plate 158, interts inboard center at above-mentioned inner barrel 110 can freely carry out state that straight line moves.
On the other hand, has first, second end panel 160,162 at the both ends of above-mentioned inner barrel 110 and outer cylinder body 120.
Above-mentioned first, second end panel the 160, the 162nd is made of magnet, by stopping up the both ends of above-mentioned inner barrel 110 and outer cylinder body 120, plays guiding magnetic field, makes between inner barrel 110 and outer cylinder body 120 effect of setting up slick and sly magnetic field.At this moment, above-mentioned connecting axle 156 passes above-mentioned the second end plate 162, is connected with above-mentioned connecting plate 158.
Actuator of the present invention is a kind of electromagnetic actuators (EMFA), and it is used and not to come bright left hand rule, by the magnetic field of above-mentioned permanent magnet 130,132 with based on the power that electric field produced of the electric current of above-mentioned coil 140, above-mentioned movable member 150 straight lines is moved.
Shown in the left figure among Fig. 3, the coil 140 of above-mentioned actuator 100 applied electric current after, the power that the magnetic field of above-mentioned permanent magnet 130,132 and the electric field of coil 140 move coil 140 vertically plays a role.Consequently above-mentioned coil 140 moves vertically with above-mentioned movable member 150.
Particularly, when the electric current of the direction shown in the left figure that flows through in above-mentioned coil 140 among Fig. 3, coil 140 is subjected to the effect of the power that moves the below in accompanying drawing, and consequently coil 140 and movable endless member 152 move downwards.
Like this, when the movable axis 154 that is connected with above-mentioned movable endless member 152 along with movable endless member 152 moving and when mobile, keep the state shown in the right figure among Fig. 3 downwards downwards.
Aforesaid actuator of the present invention 100 has following principle: promptly, make the coil 140 in the space that is arranged at the magnetic field that forms permanent magnet 130,132, flow through electric current in the direction vertical with magnetic field, obtain the power that moves vertically thus.
As shown in the explanation in the above-mentioned conventional art, because the power that general PMA actuator is the power in the magnetic field that produces by permanent magnet and coil flows through the magnetic field that electric current produces makes the system of movable member motion, therefore need make the path of magnetic field process of magnet, and movable movable member need be made of also magnet.
Therefore, in order to obtain bigger operating physical force, the bigger electric current that need in coil, flow, but because the saturation problem of magnet, therefore, even continuation increase electric current can not obtain the operating physical force more than or equal to certain limit.In addition, in order to address this problem, need to strengthen the size of magnet, therefore produced the problem that actuator maximizes, because by square being inversely proportional to of the magnetic flux density of permanent magnet and coil current excitation and space distance, so be restricted to the application of the big high pressure of the contact gap of cut-out portion and superhigh pressure with circuit breaker.
Yet, actuator of the present invention has following principle: using the electric current not come bright left hand rule to form mobile vertical direction in the space in magnetic field, make movable member stressed thus, promptly, F=INT (J TIMES B) d upsilon (J: current strength, B: magnetic field intensity).
As mentioned above, the saturated problem of magnet can take place in the magnetic field of permanent magnet in the past, and the space distance is very big to the magnetic flux density influence.Yet, actuator 100 of the present invention, form under the state in magnetic field in coil 140 parts at permanent magnet, vertical direction in this magnetic field has formed the current density based on the electric current of coil 140, and utilized, so be to make current amount flowing in the coil 140 be directly changed into the system of power based on the electromagnetic repulsion power of not coming bright left hand rule.Therefore, when flowing through a large amount of electric current in the coil 140, can obtain corresponding therewith bigger power.
Therefore, in actuator 100 of the present invention, by moving based on the external magnetic flux density in coil 140 zones and the electromagnetic repulsion power of current density, and do not use by the power that is involved the space by the electromagnetic force of the magnetic field of the current excitation of coil 140 generation, the magnet saturation problem in the zone that therefore need not to consider that electromagnetic force involves, and as long as increase the number of turn of coil 140, and increase current strength, can obtain bigger operating physical force, therefore can reduce the size and the weight of actuator significantly.In other words, compare with weight, can obtain very large operating physical force with size.
On the other hand, PMA actuator in the past need form enough magnetic flux densities in the gap between movable member and the iron core (fixed part).Since such magnetic flux density and void pitch from square be inversely proportional to, so, need flow through a large amount of coil currents in order to form enough magnetic flux densities.Therefore, reactivity, promptly initial actuating speed can be slowed down inevitably.Yet actuator of the present invention is in coil 140 power supply, can produce the electromagnetic repulsion power with the external magnetic field, therefore presents very fast and strong initial velocity.
Accompanying Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are the figure of structure of the circuit breaker of the expression preferred embodiment for the present invention of having used above-mentioned actuator, Fig. 5 is the figure of expression circuit breaker when being closure state, figure when the figure when Fig. 6 is expression arc extinguishing state, Fig. 7 are expression disconnection done state.
To with Fig. 1 to the additional same-sign of the identical structural element of structural element shown in Figure 4, and omit it and explain over and over again.
As Fig. 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7, in circuit breaker of the present invention, insulating bar 25 is connected in the end of the movable member 150 of above-mentioned actuator 100.Therefore, above-mentioned insulating bar 25 is moving axially because of the motion of above-mentioned movable member 150, carries out closed action thus and disconnects action.
It specifically is exactly an end of above-mentioned insulating bar 25 is connected to the movable axis 154 of above-mentioned movable member 150 by pin 170 end.
In the circuit breaker of present embodiment, as Fig. 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7, above-mentioned insulating bar 25 can directly be connected mutually with the end of the movable axis 154 of above-mentioned movable member 150, also can be between it connecting elements etc. of installation provision connect.
And, in the circuit breaker of present embodiment, preferably buffer unit 180 is set becoming the position of above-mentioned movable member 150 at the mobile end that disconnects direction.Above-mentioned buffer unit 180 plays following effect: promptly, its absorption or decay bump against the bump of the second end plate 162 at the movable endless member 152 of above-mentioned movable member 150 movable member 150 when the disconnection direction moves.Shown in the execution mode, above-mentioned buffer unit 180 can be made of compression helical spring as shown in drawings.
For aforesaid circuit breaker, its actuator 100 is that the actuator 100 by first embodiment of the invention constitutes.Concrete cut-out action about circuit breaker is illustrated with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, about the action of actuator 100, is illustrated with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and is therefore following for fear of the explanation that repeats, and only does brief description.
At first, when under closure state shown in Figure 5, electric power system takes place unusual, when flowing through the fault current that reaches the normal current several times, to coil 140 power supplies of actuator 100.Like this, as shown in Figure 6, coil 140 and movable member 150 be traction insulating bar 25 while moving.Therefore, movable arc contact 21 breaks away from fixed arc contact 11, and fixedly main contact 12 breaks away from movable main contact 22.So air blowing cylinder 24 is by to the direction traction relative with fixed piston 14, thus the arc extinguishing gases of compression air blowing cylinder 24 inside.Consequently compressed arc extinguishing gases is eliminated the arc-plasma that produces from air entry 17 and runner 18 ejections between fixed arc contact 11 and movable arc contact 21.
Then, thereby further retreat when further drawing insulating bar 25 when movable member 150, as shown in Figure 7, reach off-state completely.
At this moment, at the mobile end of above-mentioned movable member 150, the end impact attenuation device 180 of movable member 150, impulsive force is absorbed.Therefore, in the final stage that disconnects, the translational speed of movable member 150 is slowed down, and the movable endless member 152 of movable member 150 can not clash with the second end plate 162 thus.
As mentioned above, for circuit breaker disengagement failure electric current and the insulation between the recovery contact rapidly, needing can be in the great power and the high speed of utmost point execution in the short time.Particularly in the bigger high pressure/extra high voltage circuit breaker of rupturing capacity, need to adopt the very large actuator of operating physical force.
In circuit breaker of the present invention,, therefore need not the problem of considering that magnet is saturated owing to have the actuator 100 that moves by electromagnetic repulsion power.Therefore,, and increase current's intensity, can obtain bigger operating physical force,, also can obtain the increase of very large operating physical force so compare with the increase of its size and weight as long as increase the number of turn of coil 140.Consequently the initial velocity of actuator of the present invention is very fast.
For this reason, used the circuit breaker of the present invention of aforesaid actuator 100, the power supply more than or equal to 365kv that can be difficult to be suitable at circuit breaker is in the past used in high pressure/extra high voltage circuit breaker, brings into play very good performance.Particularly must bear the gas arc extinguishing type circuit breaker and the gas blast arc-quenching formula gas arc extinguishing type circuit breaker of the power that is used for compressing arc extinguishing gases, also can bring into play very good performance at actuator.
In addition, increase and decrease size and operating physical force because circuit breaker of the present invention can wait by the number of turn of adjusting coil, therefore can not only be applicable to above-mentioned high pressure/superhigh pressure circuit breaker, also can be applicable to the low pressure circuit breaker certainly, and because small-sized, light weight, therefore application easily.
In the above description, for example understand gas blast arc-quenching type circuit breaker shown in the drawings, but we can say that actuator of the present invention can easily be applied to the circuit breaker of vacuum circuit-breaker, oil circuit breaker and rotation arc extinguishing type, the circuit breaker of thermal expansion arc extinguishing type, the circuit breaker of compound arc extinguishing type etc. and need in the circuit breaker of bigger power and high-speed majority, its efficient is also very high.
[embodiment 2]
In accompanying Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Figure 10, show the actuator of second embodiment of the invention.The actuator of second execution mode has the form of the electromagnetic actuators of above-mentioned first execution mode (EMFA) having been carried out distortion.
As shown in Figure 8, the actuator 200 of second embodiment of the invention comprises: the housing 210 that magnet constitutes is formed with the chamber 211 of ring-type in inside; The inboard permanent magnet 220 of ring-type and outside permanent magnet 230 keep certain intervals and are arranged on chamber 211 inside of this housing 210 with one heart shape at radial direction; And the movable member 240 of ring-type, the coil 241 with ring-type is arranged in and can freely carries out straight line vertically between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 220 and the inboard permanent magnet 230 and move.
Movable member 240 with above-mentioned coil 241, when this coil 241 is powered, by by based on the magnetic field of above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 220 and above-mentioned outside permanent magnet 230 and the power that electric field produced, between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 220 and outside permanent magnet 230, carry out rectilinear motion vertically based on the electric current of above-mentioned coil 241.
For above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet 220,230 and movable member 240 are set, above-mentioned housing 210 preferably is made of the form that is divided into the first housing 210a and the second housing 210b and mutually combine.
In the present embodiment, at the both ends of the coil 241 of above-mentioned movable member 240, first magnet ring 242 and second magnet ring 243 of ring-type can be set integratedly with above-mentioned coil 241 respectively also.Above-mentioned coil 241 and first, second magnet ring 242,243 are formed one, can realize by this coil 241 is imbedded in the insulator shell 244 with first, second magnet ring 242,243.The size (length) of above-mentioned first, second magnet ring 242,243 can be arranged to differ from one another according to the confining force that is driven thing.For example, can keep the required confining force of closure state of circuit breaker to change according to continuing with the difference that continues the needed confining force of maintenance off-state.
Also can the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252 and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256 of ring-type be set respectively at the both ends of above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet 220,230 according to above-mentioned first, second magnet ring 242,243.
Make the polarity of the above-mentioned first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252 and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256 become rightabout with the polarity of above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 220 and outside permanent magnet 230.Like this, the direction of the magnetic line of force that produces between the magnetic line of force that produces between the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252 and the above-mentioned second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256 is opposite with the direction of the magnetic line of force that produces between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 220 and the outside permanent magnet 230.Consequently, when above-mentioned movable member 240 is moved upward in Fig. 8, above-mentioned first magnet ring 242 is kept by the magnetic force of the above-mentioned first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252, even cut off power supply, also can continue the state that keeps movable member 240 to be moved upward to above-mentioned coil 241.Equally, when above-mentioned movable member 240 is mobile downwards in Fig. 8, above-mentioned second magnet ring 243 is kept by the magnetic force of the above-mentioned second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256, even cut off power supply to above-mentioned coil 241, and the state that also can keep movable member 240 to move downwards.
One end of above-mentioned movable member 240 (upper end among the figure) is connected with many nonmagnetic body bars 272.And, also can have supporting station 281 in the end of above-mentioned many nonmagnetic body bars 271.Above-mentioned supporting station 281 is formed with connecting portion 281a, and this connecting portion 281a forms porose 281b.Above-mentioned connecting portion 281a is connected to the such operand of circuit breaker from above-mentioned hole 281b.
The other end (bottom among the figure) at above-mentioned movable member 240 also can connect many nonmagnetic body bars 271.And the end of above-mentioned many nonmagnetic body bars 272 also can have supporting station 282.
At the end that moves axially of above-mentioned movable member 240, collide housing 210 for the end that prevents this movable member, can first, second buffer unit 261,262 be set in the both ends of movable member 240 side.In the present embodiment, above-mentioned first, second buffer unit the 261, the 262nd is made of compression helical spring, is configured between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 220 and the outside permanent magnet 230.Above-mentioned first, second buffer unit 261,262 is not limited to illustrated mode.For example, also can be at the arranged outside oil pressure or the pneumatic buffer of actuator 100.In addition, also can be located at the outside of housing 210, and unlike present embodiment, be located at the inside of above-mentioned housing 210.
In Fig. 9 and Figure 10, at length show structural element shown in Figure 8.
At first, in Fig. 9, represented concrete shape: above-mentioned housing 210, medial and lateral permanent magnet 220,230, the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnets 251,252, and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256 with lower member.Be formed with the chamber 211 of ring-type in the inside of housing 210.Therefore, above-mentioned chamber 211 has internal face 211a and outside wall surface 211b.For the inside at above-mentioned housing 210 forms the chamber 211 of ring-type and assembles above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet 220,230 and movable member 240, also above-mentioned housing 210 can be divided into the first housing 210a and the second housing 210b.In addition, at the downside of the above-mentioned second housing 210b, can be formed for being provided with the prolongation groove 212 of above-mentioned second buffer unit 262.Above-mentioned prolongation groove 212 forms under the long situation of above-mentioned buffer unit 262.The a plurality of through holes 213 that are formed on the both ends of above-mentioned housing 210 are the holes that are used for by above-mentioned bar 271.
The polarity of above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 220 and outside permanent magnet 230 is arranged to magnetic line of force directional arrow direction, promptly points to the inboard of radial direction.And the polar configurations of the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252 and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256 becomes and the polarity of above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet 220 and outside permanent magnet 230 is rightabout.The medial and lateral permanent magnet 220,230 although it is so and the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252 and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet the 255, the 256th with shown in the ring-shaped continuous, but also can be to be divided into a plurality of modes at radial direction.
In Figure 10, represented the concrete shape of movable member 240 and first, second buffer unit 261.As mentioned above, above-mentioned movable member 240 has following form: promptly, first, second magnet ring 242,243 and coil 241 imbedded in the insulator shell 244 and form one.Above-mentioned insulator shell 244 can be to be made of plastic material.At this moment, above-mentioned coil 241 carries out injection molded by utilizing insertion to shell 244 with first, second magnet ring 242,243, can imbed simply.And, be formed with a plurality of grooves 245 that are used in conjunction with above-mentioned bar 271 at the both ends of above-mentioned movable member 240.Above-mentioned bar 271 can be connected to above-mentioned groove 245 by bolt fixed mode.On the other hand, at above-mentioned first, second buffer unit the 261, the 262nd, constitute by the compression spring, and be arranged under the situation of housing 210 inside, above-mentioned compression spring 261,262 can be provided with in the mode around the outside of above-mentioned many nonmagnetic body bars 271,272.The supporting station 281 that is fixed on the end of above-mentioned bar 271 is formed with connecting portion 281a.By being connected of hole 281b and axle 291, actuating strut 280 is connected to above-mentioned connecting portion 281a.Above-mentioned actuating strut 290 is connected to the such operand of circuit breaker, and drives operand by the axial motion of above-mentioned movable member 240.
In accompanying Figure 11, represented to have the circuit breaker of the actuator 200 of above-mentioned second execution mode.With the circuit breaker shown in the figure, and compare with reference to the circuit breaker of Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 explanation in front, only the actuator part is different, and remainder is to be made of same configuration.In Figure 11, expression be that circuit breaker remains on closure state.
As shown in figure 11, in the circuit breaker of present embodiment, actuating strut 290 is connected to the insulating bar 25 of circuit breaker by pin 170, and above-mentioned actuating strut 290 is connected to the supporting station 281 of above-mentioned actuator 200.Therefore, above-mentioned insulating bar 25 is moving axially because of the motion of above-mentioned supporting station 281, carries out closed action thus and disconnects action.Above-mentioned supporting station 281 is connected in above-mentioned movable member 240, and the axial motion by movable member 240 drives.Particularly, an end of above-mentioned insulating bar 25 is connected to the connecting portion 281a of above-mentioned supporting station 281 by axle 291.
Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 14 and Figure 15 have represented the course of action of the actuator 200 of second embodiment of the invention successively.Suppose that above-mentioned actuator 200 is applied to circuit breaker shown in Figure 11 and describes.
Figure 12 has represented that movable member 240 moves to top, the i.e. state of the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet, 251,252 sides among the figure to greatest extent.Therefore, supporting station 281 also moves to the top to greatest extent, to press-out bar 290 (not shown), makes circuit breaker be kept closed.The magnetic line of force direction of medial and lateral permanent magnet 220,230 is illustrated by arrow (m1), the magnetic line of force direction of the second inside and outside auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256 is illustrated by arrow (m2), and the magnetic line of force direction of the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252 is illustrated by arrow (m3).Above-mentioned movable member 240 be moved upward and make circuit breaker remain on closure state during, to coil 241 power supply of above-mentioned movable member 240.First magnet ring 242 of above-mentioned movable member 240 plays as the effect through the path by the above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet 220,230 and the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet, 251,252 magnetic lines of force that produced.Meanwhile, above-mentioned first magnet ring 242 has relied on the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252, and therefore, the power (magnetic force) in the magnetic field of the above-mentioned first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252 can affact above-mentioned first magnet ring 242.This masterpiece can continue the state that keeps movable member 240 to be moved upward for the confining force that keeps above-mentioned first magnet ring 242 works.Therefore, circuit breaker can continue to be kept closed.At this moment, above-mentioned movable member 240 is because first buffer unit 261 and can not rising to more than the certain limit, stops at the position that elastic-restoring force that the above-mentioned first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet, 251,252 confining forces that produced and first buffer unit 261 had reaches balance.
Take place when unusual in electric power system, for circuit breaker is disconnected to coil 241 power supplies.So because the relation of the current density that magnetic flux density that produces between medial and lateral permanent magnet 220,230 and coil 241 produce, so repulsive force (axial force) works, consequently coil 241 moves downwards.That is, movable member 240 moves downwards.At this moment, the electric current that provides to above-mentioned coil 241 keeps the value of degree of the confining force of first magnet ring 242 to provide can fully overcome under closure state by the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252.
When movable member 240 drops to position shown in Figure 13, owing to act on the repulsive force and the axial moving force sum of being used to power that moves based on movable member 240 of coil 241, be far longer than the power that first magnet ring 242 is drawn upward, therefore, movable member 240 can continue to advance downwards.And at this moment, second magnet ring 243 enters the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256, plays the effect through the path of the magnetic line of force of above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet 220,230 and 255,256 generations of the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet.Therefore, the tractive effort that makes second magnet ring 243 shift to the below that is produced by the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256 increases gradually, movable member 240 below be subjected to bigger power and quicken.The maximum power of actuator 200 outputs this moment.Therefore, preferably be designed to this moment and reach maximum moment unanimity at breaker contact point portion gas repulsive force (in Fig. 6) in the power of the direction traction air blowing cylinder 24 relative with fixed piston 14.
Like this, the speed of movable member 240 continues to increase, and when passing through position shown in Figure 13, fast shut-off offers the electric current of coil 241.So above-mentioned movable member 240 is only by being used to power and the above-mentioned second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256 moves the power that second magnet ring 243 draws downwards.
When movable member 240 dropped to the position of Figure 14, the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256 pushed away second magnet ring 243 to the direction opposite with moving direction (top).That is,, produce power, movable member 240 is braked in the direction opposite with the moving direction of movable member 240 from second magnet ring 243 of movable member 240 the moment by the axial centre position of the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256.At this constantly, the contact of circuit breaker has been in the state that disconnects release, so braking force is big more, and the bottom of movable member 240 is difficult more collides with housing 210 and impacted, thereby can obtain mechanical stability.Yet in fact movable member 240 moves with the very fast speed more than or equal to 6m/s, and therefore, movable member 240 may produce by the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256 and with housing 210 and collide.At this moment, can movable member 240 stably be slowed down by second buffer unit 262.
At the mobile downwards action end of movable member 240, usually, by above-mentioned second buffer unit 262 and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256 push away power from movable member 240 to the direction opposite with moving direction, must keep the confining force of second magnet ring 243 greater than the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256.
So as shown in figure 15, movable member 240 rises upward because of the restoring force of above-mentioned second buffer unit 262.Consequently above-mentioned movable member 240 stops at the position that the restoring force of above-mentioned second buffer unit 262 and the confining force to second magnet ring 230 that the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 255,256 produces reach balance.At this moment, circuit breaker is in the state that finishes that disconnects.
In accompanying Figure 16～Figure 21, represented the electromagnetic actuators 200 of second embodiment of the invention is applied to the analog reslt of the occasion of circuit breaker.
Figure 16 and Figure 17 are illustrated in the actuator of second execution mode of the present invention, only had the medial and lateral permanent magnet at 220,230 o'clock, power and current characteristics that movable member 240 is moved not having first, second magnet ring 242,243 and auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252,255,256.Though continue to increase electric current, the power that movable member 240 is moved only increases when initial, sharply reduces thereafter.But the gas repulsive force of circuit breaker reaches maximum in the position that the action of movable member almost finishes.Therefore, we can say that the actuator model with first, second magnet ring 242,243 and auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252,255,256 is not suitable for use in the superhigh pressure circuit breaker a bit.
Accompanying Figure 18 and Figure 19 represent that actuator has first, second magnet ring 242,243 and auxiliary permanent magnet power and current characteristics at 251,252,255,256 o'clock.That is, be illustrated in the upper and lower settings auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252,255,256 of medial and lateral permanent magnet 220,230, in 242,243 o'clock the characteristic of first, second magnet ring of upper and lower settings of coil 241.At this moment, can eliminate and in Figure 16 and Figure 17, become phenomenon problem, that power reduces along with moving of movable member 240.
In Figure 18, the gas repulsive force of the curve representation circuit breaker that connects into by tetragonal point, the electromagnetic force (thrust of actuator) that the curve representation that is connected into by leg-of-mutton point is only produced by actuator, the curve representation that is connected into by Diamond spot overcome the gas repulsive force of above-mentioned circuit breaker and make a concerted effort (the Net force) of the actuator that moves.In the electromagnetic force that only produces by actuator during greater than gas repulsive force, the speeding up of movable member.With reference to the explanation of Figure 16 and Figure 17, such electromagnetic force increases between the mobile original area of movable member as the front, then reduces thereafter.But according to this curve chart as can be known, movable member reduced slightly by time between mobile original area, and later power increases once more.That is, moment of increasing once more of power is the moment of the magnet ring of movable member near auxiliary permanent magnet.Therefore, the power that affacts movable member increases, and the bulk velocity of movable member continues to increase, and can not reduce.
In Figure 18, in " K interval ", the power of electromagnetic force is less than gas repulsive force.But at this moment, because the power of being used to of movable member is in very large state, therefore, shown in " displacement " curve as shown in figure 19, the speed of movable member can not reduce a lot, can still export high-speed.For example, the decision design of so-called circuit breaker makes gas repulsive force only be not more than the electromagnetic force that is produced by actuator exactly, but since the maximum of gas repulsive force all can change at every turn, if therefore movable member to be used to power enough big, then this problem is also not serious.
[embodiment 3]
Accompanying Figure 20 and Figure 21 represent the electromagnetic actuators 300 of third embodiment of the invention.The actuator 300 of the 3rd execution mode is the mode that the actuator of second execution mode is provided with a plurality of (being four among the figure) housing 310 inside.That is, can a plurality of operating portion 300a, 300b, 300c, 300d be set in housing 310 inside that constitute by magnet.Above-mentioned each operating portion 300a, 300b, 300c, 300d are identical with the actuator of above-mentioned second execution mode, have: medial and lateral permanent magnet 220,230; Movable member 240 with coil and first, second magnet ring; First, second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet 251,252,255,256; And first, second buffer unit 261,262.Above-mentioned a plurality of movable member 240 is connected with many bars 271,272 respectively, and above-mentioned many bars 271,272 are connected in a supporting station 321,322.Above-mentioned support platform 321 has and is used for the connecting portion 321a that is connected with circuit breaker.Preferred structure example when actuator 300 expression of the 3rd execution mode of the present invention increases the actuator number according to the increase of the rupturing capacity of circuit breaker.
On the other hand, in actuator that above-mentioned first to the 3rd execution mode relates to and the circuit breaker that uses this actuator, increase magnetic flux density, can make the efficient of actuator reach maximization by utilizing superconducting magnet (perhaps superconductor magnet).The various actuators that proposed in the present invention are the actuators that move by by the electromagnetic repulsion power that current density produced of the magnetic flux density of permanent magnet and coil, if therefore the use superconducting magnet substitutes permanent magnet in the past, then magnetic flux density increases, thereby can obtain bigger power and high-speed.
E＝1/2(BH)＝B 2/2μ
By following formula as can be known, energy and magnetic flux density square is directly proportional.And, the magnetic flux density of the higher relatively Nd of magnetic flux density system (neodymium system) permanent magnet is normally about 1.2 teslas (T) in the general permanent magnet, and the magnetic flux density of the superconducting magnet of developing now (perhaps superconductor magnet) is about 3T～12T, has the high magnetic flux density of general head and shoulders above permanent magnet.Supposed to use the superconducting magnet of the magnetic flux density with about 3 teslas (T), compared with the general permanent magnet of the magnetic flux density with about 1 tesla (T), magnetic flux density is about its 3 times, and energy is about its 9 times.Therefore, at this moment, when applying the current density of measuring together, its power increase is its 9 times as can be known.Like this, replace general permanent magnet, can improve its efficient by using superconducting magnet.Under the occasion of the actuator of embodiment 1, only, can improve its efficient by using superconducting magnet to replace general permanent magnet.But, shown in the actuator of embodiment 3, consider gas repulsive force, when utilizing the power that produces between main permanent magnet (medial and lateral permanent magnet) and the auxiliary permanent magnet (first, second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet) in order to resist this gas repulsive force, if main permanent magnet and auxiliary permanent magnet all use superconducting magnet, then problem can take place.Superconducting magnet is characterised in that, though equally with general permanent magnet present certain magnetic flux density, the magnetic field that produces from the outside is because the character of superconduction and can not enter superconducting magnet.Therefore, in the present invention, use superconducting magnet as permanent magnet, and use general permanent magnet as auxiliary permanent magnet, the magnetic field that superconducting magnet produces is passed through from general permanent magnet, consequently the annular magnet of operating portion can act on bigger power when being positioned at the boundary portion of superconducting magnet and general permanent magnet.
More than, preferred implementation of the present invention shown in the drawings is had been described in detail, but these only are examples of the present invention that protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.And; aforesaid embodiments of the present invention; in the scope of technological thought of the present invention, can carry out various deformation or other enforcement that is equal to by the people who has common knowledge in this area, such distortion and other execution mode that is equal to belong to the scope of the present invention certainly.

Claims (29)

1. an electromagnetic actuators is characterized in that, comprising:
Hollow inner barrel is made of magnet;
Outer cylinder body is made of magnet, is concentric shape and is arranged on the outside of radial direction with above-mentioned inner barrel with keeping certain intervals with above-mentioned inner barrel;
The medial and lateral permanent magnet contacts with the inner surface of the outer surface of above-mentioned inner barrel and above-mentioned outer cylinder body respectively and keeps the configuration of certain intervals ground mutually;
Coil can freely carry out straight line vertically and be arranged on movably between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet; And
The movable member of nonmagnetic body, above-mentioned coil is arranged at the one end, to above-mentioned coil power supply the time, by by the magnetic field of above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet and the electromagnetic repulsion power that current density produced of above-mentioned coil, between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet, carry out rectilinear motion vertically.
2. electromagnetic actuators according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The movable member of above-mentioned nonmagnetic body comprises: movable endless member, can be arranged between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet with freely carrying out rectilinear motion vertically, and above-mentioned coil is arranged at the one end; And
Movable axis can freely carry out the inboard that straight line is arranged on above-mentioned inner barrel movably, and the one end is connected in above-mentioned movable endless member, carries out rectilinear motion vertically by this movable endless member.
3. electromagnetic actuators according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet are made of superconducting magnet.
4. electromagnetic actuators according to claim 1 is characterized in that, comprising:
First, second end panel is made of magnet, responds to slick and sly path, magnetic field by the both ends of stopping up above-mentioned inner barrel and outer cylinder body.
5. a circuit breaker is characterized in that, comprising:
Hollow inner barrel is made of magnet;
Outer cylinder body is made of magnet, is concentric shape and is arranged on the outside of radial direction with above-mentioned inner barrel with keeping certain intervals with above-mentioned inner barrel;
The medial and lateral permanent magnet contacts with the inner surface of the outer surface of above-mentioned inner barrel and above-mentioned outer cylinder body respectively and keeps the configuration of certain intervals ground mutually;
Coil can freely carry out straight line vertically and be arranged on movably between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet;
The movable member of nonmagnetic body, above-mentioned coil is arranged at the one end, to above-mentioned coil power supply the time, by by the magnetic field of above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet and the electromagnetic repulsion power that current density produced of above-mentioned coil, between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet, carry out rectilinear motion vertically; And
Insulating bar is connected in the other end of above-mentioned movable member, carries out rectilinear motion by above-mentioned movable member and carries out closed action and disconnect action.
6. circuit breaker according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet are made of superconducting magnet.
7. circuit breaker according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
The movable member of above-mentioned nonmagnetic body comprises: movable endless member, can be arranged between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet with freely carrying out rectilinear motion vertically, and above-mentioned coil is arranged at the one end; And
Movable axis, can freely carry out the inboard that straight line is arranged on above-mentioned inner barrel movably, the one end is connected in above-mentioned movable endless member, and its other end is connected in above-mentioned insulating bar, carry out rectilinear motion vertically by above-mentioned movable endless member, above-mentioned insulating bar is moved.
8. circuit breaker according to claim 5 is characterized in that, comprising:
First, second end panel is made of magnet, responds to slick and sly path, magnetic field by the both ends of stopping up above-mentioned inner barrel and outer cylinder body.
9. circuit breaker according to claim 5 is characterized in that, comprising:
Buffer unit, being arranged on becomes the position of above-mentioned movable member at the mobile end that disconnects direction, absorbs impulsive force.
10. circuit breaker according to claim 9 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned buffer unit is made of compression helical spring.
11. an electromagnetic actuators is characterized in that, comprising:
By the housing that magnet constitutes, be formed with the chamber of ring-type in inside;
The inboard permanent magnet of ring-type and outside permanent magnet keep certain intervals and are arranged on the chamber interior of above-mentioned housing with one heart shape at radial direction; And
Movable member, coil with ring-type, can freely carry out straight line vertically is arranged between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet movably, to above-mentioned coil power supply the time, by by the magnetic field of above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and above-mentioned outside permanent magnet and the electromagnetic repulsion power that current density produced of above-mentioned coil, between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet, carry out rectilinear motion vertically.
12. electromagnetic actuators according to claim 11 is characterized in that,
The both ends of above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet are provided with the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet of ring-type respectively,
Above-mentioned movable member is to dispose first magnet ring of ring-type and second magnet ring at the both ends of its coil respectively and form the form of one with above-mentioned coil.
13. electromagnetic actuators according to claim 12 is characterized in that,
The polarity of the above-mentioned first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet, with the polarity of above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet be rightabout.
14. according to claim 12 or 13 described electromagnetic actuators, it is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet are made of superconducting magnet.
15. electromagnetic actuators according to claim 12 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned coil and first, second magnet ring are embedded in the insulator shell and form one.
16. electromagnetic actuators according to claim 15 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned insulator shell is made of plastic material.
17. electromagnetic actuators according to claim 11 is characterized in that,
Side is provided with first, second buffer unit at the both ends of above-mentioned movable member, collides housing so that prevent the end of above-mentioned movable member at the end that moves axially of above-mentioned movable member.
18. electromagnetic actuators according to claim 17 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned first, second buffer unit is made of compression helical spring.
19. electromagnetic actuators according to claim 17 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned first, second buffer unit is made of compression helical spring, is configured between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet.
20. electromagnetic actuators according to claim 11 is characterized in that,
One end of above-mentioned movable member is connected with many nonmagnetic body bars, is provided with the supporting station that is used to be connected to operand in the end of above-mentioned many nonmagnetic body bars.
21. a circuit breaker is characterized in that, comprising:
By the housing that magnet constitutes, be formed with the chamber of ring-type in inside;
The inboard permanent magnet of ring-type and outside permanent magnet keep certain intervals and are arranged on the chamber interior of above-mentioned housing with one heart shape at radial direction;
Movable member, coil with ring-type, can freely carry out straight line vertically is arranged between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet movably, to above-mentioned coil power supply the time, by by the magnetic field of above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and above-mentioned outside permanent magnet and the electromagnetic repulsion power that current density produced of above-mentioned coil, between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet, carry out rectilinear motion vertically; And
Insulating bar is connected in above-mentioned movable member, carries out closed action and disconnects action so that carry out rectilinear motion by above-mentioned movable member.
22. circuit breaker according to claim 21 is characterized in that,
Be provided with the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet of ring-type respectively at the both ends of above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet,
Above-mentioned movable member is to dispose first magnet ring of ring-type and second magnet ring at the both ends of its coil respectively and form the form of one with above-mentioned coil.
23. circuit breaker according to claim 22 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet are made of superconducting magnet.
24. an electromagnetic actuators is characterized in that,
Be provided with a plurality of Electromagnetically-operating portion in an enclosure interior that constitutes by magnet,
Above-mentioned a plurality of operating portion comprises respectively:
The inboard permanent magnet of ring-type and outside permanent magnet keep certain intervals and shape ground setting with one heart at radial direction;
Movable member, coil with ring-type, can freely carry out straight line vertically is arranged between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet movably, to above-mentioned coil power supply the time, by by the magnetic field of above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and above-mentioned outside permanent magnet and the electromagnetic repulsion power that current density produced of above-mentioned coil, between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet, carry out rectilinear motion vertically;
Many bars are connected in above-mentioned a plurality of movable member; And
Supporting station connects the end of above-mentioned many bars.
25. electromagnetic actuators according to claim 24 is characterized in that,
Be provided with the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet of ring-type respectively at the both ends of above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet,
Above-mentioned movable member is to dispose first magnet ring of ring-type and second magnet ring at the both ends of its coil respectively and form the form of one with above-mentioned coil.
26. electromagnetic actuators according to claim 25 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet are made of superconducting magnet.
27. a circuit breaker is characterized in that,
Be provided with a plurality of Electromagnetically-operating portion in an enclosure interior that constitutes by magnet,
Above-mentioned a plurality of operating portion comprises respectively:
The inboard permanent magnet of ring-type and outside permanent magnet keep certain intervals and shape ground setting with one heart at radial direction;
Movable member, coil with ring-type, can freely carry out straight line vertically is arranged between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and the outside permanent magnet movably, to above-mentioned coil power supply the time, by by the magnetic field of above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and above-mentioned outside permanent magnet and the electromagnetic repulsion power that current density produced of above-mentioned coil, between above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet, carry out rectilinear motion vertically;
Many bars are connected in above-mentioned a plurality of movable member; And
Supporting station connects the end of above-mentioned many bars,
Also comprise insulating bar, be connected in above-mentioned supporting station, carry out closed action and disconnect action so that carry out rectilinear motion by above-mentioned a plurality of movable members.
28. circuit breaker according to claim 27 is characterized in that,
Be provided with the first medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet and the second medial and lateral auxiliary permanent magnet of ring-type respectively at the both ends of above-mentioned medial and lateral permanent magnet,
Above-mentioned movable member is to dispose first magnet ring of ring-type and second magnet ring at the both ends of its coil respectively and form the form of one with above-mentioned coil.
29. circuit breaker according to claim 28 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned inboard permanent magnet and outside permanent magnet are made of superconducting magnet.
CNB2005800047609A 2004-02-11 2005-02-11 Electromagnetic actuators and the circuit breaker that has used this actuator Expired - Fee Related CN100543899C (en)

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KR1020040008966 2004-02-11
KR20040008966 2004-02-11
KR1020050011263 2005-02-07

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TWI487227B (en) * 2009-06-26 2015-06-01 Varian Semiconductor Equipment Apparatus and method for limiting transmission of fault current
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US7671711B2 (en) * 2006-10-31 2010-03-02 Fuji Electric Fa Components & Systems Co., Ltd. Linear actuator for circuit breaker remote operation device
KR100925805B1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-11-11 용성전기 주식회사 Latch type breaker
KR100872512B1 (en) 2008-09-05 2008-12-08 주식회사 와이엠텍 Trip apparatus using magnet repulsion force for dc high voltage auto breaker
KR101276945B1 (en) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-19 엘에스산전 주식회사 Puffer cylinder assembly for gas-type circuit breaker
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CN103109171A (en) * 2009-12-11 2013-05-15 马哈-埃帕有限公司 Actuating device for a robot driver
CN106935438A (en) * 2017-03-08 2017-07-07 平高集团有限公司 A kind of magnetic force operating mechanism control method and control device
CN106935438B (en) * 2017-03-08 2020-03-13 平高集团有限公司 Control method and control device for magnetic operating mechanism

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