CN1893854B - 牙刷头及其制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种牙刷头具有一个从刷头延伸的牙齿清洁单元。刷头被划分为可以独立于彼此运动的至少两个部分。牙齿清洁单元可以相对于其从刷头延伸的那部分旋转。
Description
技术领域
本发明主要涉及口腔护理领域,具体地说,涉及牙刷。更具体地说,本发明涉及一种具有一个或多个旋转刷毛束的牙刷头,该刷头具有两个可以独立于彼此运动的部分。
背景技术
申请号为3-312978的日本专利文献公开了一种带有多束尼龙刷毛的牙刷。在图1、图2和图3所示的第一个实施例中,在刷头中大量圆柱形凹陷部分垂直于刷杆的纵轴方向设置,并以相等间距形成。柱形旋转体5分别被包含在凹陷部分内。在旋转体5的外周表面上,沿轴向形成伸出的带形部分5a,并且它们以位于凹陷部分的开口部分的状态设置。在凹陷部分的开口部分形成位于两侧的接触表面。在伸出的带形部分5a上表面的两端,尼龙刷毛6被设置为垂直竖立。
如图3所示,上述布置使刷毛6可以在牙刷使用过程中旋转。这种牙刷的一个问题在于两束刷毛被固定到各带形部分5a上,这样就必须与其一同旋转。结果,单束刷毛不能独立于其“配对”束旋转。这样就会妨碍单束刷毛在刷牙过程中最佳地***两牙齿之间,因为配对束可能以不同方式接触到牙齿并与该单束刷毛的旋转干涉。
图4、图5和图6公开了第二个实施例,其中各束刷毛通过球窝型结构被固定到刷头上。虽然该实施例使各束刷毛可以独立于另一束旋转,但是它确实有缺陷。如果一束刷毛向刷头一侧倾斜出来并且靠近该侧与牙齿顶面之间的接触面,在刷牙过程中刷毛尖端不接触牙齿的机会就会增加。此外,在刷牙后毛束可能以任意方向竖起来,这降低了该牙刷的吸引力。
该日本参考文献也公开了刷头由整体结构构成。这样,水就不能流过刷头的任何中心部分,由此限制了牙刷的清洁能力。此外,整体刷头结构使刷头的不同部分不能独立于彼此运动。因此,从毛束延伸的刷毛束不能适应变化的牙齿表面以及具有可以独立于彼此运动或弯曲的两个或多个部分的刷头的牙刷。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服上述一个或多个问题。简而言之,根据本发明的一个方面,牙刷头具有一个从刷头延伸的牙齿清洁单元。该刷头被划分为可独立于彼此运动的至少两个部分。牙齿清洁单元可以相对于其从刷头延伸的那部分旋转。
根据本发明的另一方面,牙齿清洁单元包括一个或多个牙齿清洁器、一个底部支撑件和一个锚固枢轴。一个或多个牙齿清洁器的一端被固定到底部支撑件的第一端。锚固枢轴的一端被固定到底部支撑件的第二端。锚固部分具有一个比该锚固部分的小部分更大的部分,所述更大的部分是远离底部支撑件的。
根据本发明的第三方面,制作牙刷头的方法包括在模具内模制塑料牙刷头。刷头有两个彼此间隔预定距离的独立部分。将刷头从模具内移走。至少加热两个刷头部分连接处刷头的那部分。两个刷头部分向彼此运动。至少冷却两个刷头部分连接处刷头的那部分,以至两个刷头部分立刻保持在它们要间隔某一距离的位置上,该距离小于预定距离。
根据本发明的第四方面,制作牙刷头的方法包括在模具内模制塑料牙刷头。刷头内具有至少一个一直延伸穿过刷头的孔。将刷头从模具内移走。将牙刷清洁单元***孔内。
附图说明
参考附图阅读下面关于最佳实施例的详细说明和所附权利要求书,可以更清楚地了解并懂得本发明的这些以及其它方面、目的、特征和优点。
图1是刷头的一个透视图;
图2是图1中刷头的一个顶视图;
图3是图1中刷头的一个侧视图;
图4是图1中刷头的一个仰视图;
图5是图1中刷头的一个侧视图,显示了刷头一部分的弯曲;
图6是图1中刷头的一个顶视图,其中两个刷头部分彼此分离;
图7是图1中刷头在刷头部分彼此更靠近之后的一个顶视图;
图8是枢转毛束沿图13中线8-8的一个前视图;
图9是图8中枢转毛束沿线9-9的一个侧视图;
图10是刷头内用于接收枢转毛束(见图6)的一个孔的一个顶视图;
图11是图10沿线11-11的一个剖视图;
图12是图10沿线12-12的一个剖视图;
图13是图1中刷头(为便于观察一部分已被去除)和***刷头之前的枢转毛束的一个侧视图;
图14是图1中刷头(为便于观察一部分已被去除)和***刷头之后的枢转毛束的一个侧视图;
图15是枢转毛束的一个侧视图,显示其运动;
图16A-C是图15沿线16A-C-16A-C的剖视图;
图17是带肋翅片形式的牙齿清洁器的一个透视图;和
图18是图17中带肋翅片的一个侧视图。
具体实施方式
从图1至图5开始,这些图显示了一种从颈部14延伸形成牙刷的刷头16,颈部14从一个手柄(未示出)延伸。手柄类型与本发明没有关系。刷头和手柄最好由聚丙烯构成。刷头具有将刷头划分为两部分20和22的曲折裂缝18。裂缝13靠近颈部14的一端最好为圆形(见图2)。如图5所示,刷头内的裂缝使部分20和22在牙刷的使用过程中可以独立于彼此弯曲或运动,这样便于清洁牙齿。
裂缝18也可以形成为刷头内刷头部分20和22之间的开口。该开口使水可以流过刷头,由此改善刷头顶面的清洁,虽然尽力洗净刷头,但是刷头顶面通常会沾满牙膏。
刷头部分20包括一个突出部分24,该部分配合(至少部分)到由部分22形成的凹口26内。突出部分24有几束从该部分延伸的刷毛(下面将进一步详细说明)并且在三侧被刷头部分22围绕。
现在将参考图2和图3说明刷头16上的各束刷毛。第一对刷毛束28的位置朝向刷头的自由端,分别位于各刷头部分20、22上。各刷毛束具有最好各自由聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)构成并具有0.007英寸直径的刷毛。毛束28中最短的刷毛具有0.420英寸的长度,而剩余的刷毛在长度上稳步增加到毛束的尖端。各毛束远离手柄倾斜一定角度,该角度最好相对于其从刷头伸出的那部分刷头表面约为12度。如图2所示,毛束28具有比刷头上其它任何毛束更大的横截面。
第二组毛束为枢转毛束30(在刷头上唯一可旋转的毛束)。在各刷头部分20、22上具有四簇毛束30,它们的位置朝向刷头的外部。各毛束30可以向刷头上垂直位置的任一侧枢转约15度,更优选的是,可以向刷头上垂直位置的任一侧枢转约8度。毛束30的枢转大致朝向或远离颈部14。各毛束30包括一个由聚丙烯构成的底部支撑件32。刷毛由聚酰胺6.12构成,具有0.008英寸的直径并延伸超出底部支撑件0.420英寸。
第三组毛束34垂直于刷头延伸。在各刷头部分20、22上有四簇与毛束30交替的毛束34。当从顶部观看时(图2),该毛束为椭圆形(与毛束30相似,但是更大)。换句话说,毛束34和30具有椭圆形横截面。各毛束34具有由聚酰胺6.12构成、具有0.006英寸的直径并在刷头上方延伸约0.385英寸的刷毛。
第四组毛束36的位置朝向刷头内侧。在各刷头部分20、22上有两簇这样的毛束。各毛束36垂直于刷头延伸。毛束36的刷毛具有0.006英寸的直径,由聚酰胺6.12构成并升起超出刷头约0.360英寸。
第五组即最后一组毛束38的位置也朝向刷头内侧(远离刷头的周 边21)。有四对毛束38。在各对中一簇毛束比另一簇毛束更靠近颈部14。在各对毛束38中,(a)一簇毛束的底部更靠近刷头的第一侧,并且该簇毛束向刷头的第二侧倾斜,并且(b)另一簇毛束的底部更靠近刷头的第二侧,并且该簇毛束向刷头的第一侧倾斜。这样,各对毛束中的毛束彼此倾斜交叉。向刷头侧面倾斜的角度约为5度。各毛束38的刷毛由PBT构成,具有约0.007英寸的刷毛直径并且在刷头16上方延伸约0.460英寸。各毛束38具有椭圆形横截面,椭圆的长径在倾斜的方向取向。
用在刷头上的刷毛可以为卷曲的(见美国专利6058541)或开槽的(见美国专利6018840)。除刷毛以外可以使用其它类型的清洁器。例如,可以用一种弹性翅片代替刷毛束。本段中列出的美国专利在此被引作参考。
现在转到图6,下面将说明如何制作这种牙刷(刷头)。第一步,牙刷的刷头、颈部和手柄在一个模具中进行注射模制。在该注射模制步骤中,毛束28、34、36和38通过热植处理被固定到刷头内。热植处理为本领域的技术人员所熟知(例如,见美国专利4635313和6361120,英国专利申请2330791,和欧洲专利申请676268A1)。
简单地说,热植包括将多组塑料长丝的端部引入模具内。作为选择,模具内各组长丝的端部可以熔化为一个圆滴。各组长丝被切成所需长度(在引入模具之前或之后),以形成刷毛束。模具被封闭并且熔化的塑料被注入模具内。当塑料固化时,它将刷毛束的一个端部固定在牙刷的刷头内。
从图6中可以看出,刷头部分20、22之间的开口18在该时刻时比在刷头内的最终形式更宽(见图2)。换句话说,刷头部分20和22彼此间隔预定距离(优选的是至少约1mm)。此外,在模制步骤中制作通孔40,用于在制造过程的稍后时刻接收枢转毛束30。孔40将在下面得到更详细的说明。
参考图7,在从模具中取出牙刷之后,在刷头靠近颈部的地方和部分颈部(后面称为颈部)施加热量42。热量可以以多种方式施加, 包括热空气、辐射热、超声波或对流(例如热油)加热。这里热量显示为施加到颈部的侧面。最好将热量施加到颈部的顶面和底面。热量使塑料达到1.0-1.12倍的玻璃转换温度(如果温度以开氏温标测量)。为了避免损坏塑料,不应该将塑料加热超过1.12倍其玻璃转换温度。更优选的是,塑料被加热到约1.03-1.06倍其玻璃转换温度(温度以开氏温标测量)。聚丙烯的玻璃转换温度约为100摄氏度,而共聚聚酯和聚亚安酯的玻璃转换温度约为65摄氏度。
然后将压力44施加到刷头部分20、22,用于使这两部分向彼此运动。一旦刷头部分20、22处于图2所示的位置,刷头/颈部的加热部分就通过,例如将加热部分暴露于冷气体或液体中来进行冷却。如果将室温空气用于冷却颈部,应该将这种空气施加约20-25秒。这样的效果是将两刷头部分形成为最终位置。
为了获得较短的处理时间,应该使用不损坏塑料的最高温热源。如果使用了过热的热源和/或加热时间过长,塑料将可能被损坏。如果热源不够热,处理将花费过长的时间并且/或者刷头部分20、22将不能保持在其最终所需位置。如果刷头/颈部由聚丙烯构成,并且使用热空气加热颈部,(a)加热空气应该在约170摄氏度的温度,并且应该施加到颈部约70秒,(b)聚丙烯应该被升高到约140摄氏度的温度,并且(c)将热空气施加到颈部的喷嘴应该距离颈部约10mm。
如果共聚聚酯或聚亚安酯被用作刷头颈部的材料,(a)加热空气应该在约250摄氏度的温度,并且应该施加到颈部约10秒,(b)材料最好应该被升高到95-100摄氏度的温度,并且(c)将热空气施加到颈部的喷嘴应该距离颈部约15-20mm。
按指定的时间加热上述各种材料使材料可以被软化并且机械弯曲成最终形状。超出上述加热时间可能使材料过热并被损坏。
转到图8和图9,各枢转毛束30有大量刷毛46、一个底部支撑件48和一个锚固枢轴50。刷毛被固定到底部支撑件的第一端52上并从第一端延伸,而锚固枢轴的第一端54从底部支撑件的第二端56延伸。底部支撑件和锚固枢轴最好为相同材料构成的单一或整体结构。锚固 枢轴50包括靠近第一端54的第一部分58和靠近锚大枢轴第二端62的第二部分60。第一部分58在X和Y方向小于第二部分60。底部支撑件48在X和Y方向大于锚固支撑件的第二部分60。第二部分60包括一对边缘63。锚大枢轴形成一个贯穿的开口64。
毛束30也可以采用上述热植型工艺制作。不将塑料注入模具以形成牙刷手柄、颈部和刷头,而是将塑料注入模具以形成底部支撑件48和锚固枢轴50,当注入塑料冷却时紧固刷毛46。
参考图10至图12,现在将说明通孔40(图6)。各孔40从刷头的顶面66延伸穿过底面68。孔40包括第一部分70和第二部分72。部分72基本为平行六面体形,除了其下部部分倒圆(见图11)。部分70也基本为平行六面体形,除了其两侧向侧面张开约15度(见图12)。孔部分72在方向A上比孔部分70更长(图11)。孔部分70在孔70与72接合处在方向B上具有与孔72大致相同的宽度(图12)。在该实施例中方向A和B彼此基本垂直。通过这种结构形成一对边缘73。
现在转到图13至图16,下面将说明将枢转毛束30***孔40中的过程。毛束30位于孔40上方,其锚固枢轴50的端部62面对孔(图13)。如图16A-C所示,毛束30向孔40运动,直到端部62开始进入孔内(图16A)。毛束30然后被压入孔内,这使得孔部分70的侧面挤压锚固枢轴的第二部分60。因此,锚固枢轴50被压扁,这使得开口64暂时变小。毛束30然后一直被推入孔40中(图16C),在该时刻弹性塑料锚固枢轴回弹到图16A所示的形状。该段说明了将毛束30咬扣-配合固定到刷头的过程。
参考图16C,底部支撑件48在A方向比孔部分70更长,这样防止毛束30被进一步压入孔40内。第二部分60在A方向也比孔部分70更长,这样防止毛束30向后退出孔40。这是因为边缘63(图8)接合边缘73(图11)的缘故。这种结构也防止毛束30关于刷毛的长轴旋转。
如图15所示,当毛束30在刷牙过程中被口腔部分接合时,它会枢转。最好各毛束30可以向垂直于表面66的某一位置的任一侧枢转 达约15度。
转到图17至图18,它公开了另一种翅片80形式的牙齿清洁单元。各翅片由如上所述的底部支撑件48和锚固枢轴50(均未示出)支撑,这使得翅片可以在刷头上枢转。作为选择,翅片可以牢固固定到刷头上,因此它不会枢转。翅片可以由一种热塑性弹性体(TPE)通过注射模制工艺制成。在该实施例中,通过一系列肋82形成带纹理表面。这些肋改善肋口腔的清洁。这些肋通过在翅片上注射模制TPE而形成。这些肋最好比翅片更软。可以使用可选带纹理表面(如波纹)来代替肋。
如图18所示,翅片最好具有约0.030英寸的宽度。翅片超出底部支撑件的长度尺寸最好为0.420英寸。翅片80的尖端84最好具有约0.007英寸的宽度。从肋的底部到尖端84的距离约为0.168英寸,而从肋的顶部到尖端的距离约为0.079英寸。肋的顶部具有约0.035英寸的宽度。这些肋(带纹理表面)最好远离所述翅片延伸约2-12密耳。
Claims (33)
1.一种牙刷头,包括:一个从刷头顶面延伸的牙齿清洁单元,其特征在于,刷头被划分为至少两个部分,所述至少两个部分之间限定了曲折裂缝,所述至少两个部分能独立于彼此运动,并且牙齿清洁单元能相对于其从刷头延伸的那部分刷头旋转。
2.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,牙齿清洁单元为刷毛束。
3.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,牙齿清洁单元为一种从包括塑料、橡胶及其组合的材料组中选择的材料构成的翅片。
4.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,牙齿清洁单元具有达到30度的旋转范围。
5.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,牙齿清洁单元能向一个位置的任一侧旋转达到15度,该牙齿清洁单元在该位置垂直于其从刷头延伸的那部分刷头的顶面。
6.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,还包括一个或多个基本不能被旋转的静止牙齿清洁单元。
7.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,刷头的一部分限制牙齿清洁单元的旋转。
8.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,牙刷本身没有任何旋转牙齿清洁单元的部分。
9.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,牙齿清洁单元被支撑用于主要关于仅仅一条轴线旋转。
10.根据权利要求9所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,该轴线基本垂直于牙齿清洁单元的长轴。
11.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,牙齿清洁单元能独立于刷头上的任何其它牙齿清洁单元旋转。
12.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,还包括一个第二牙齿清洁单元,其中所述两个牙齿清洁单元中的一个位于两个刷头部分的一个上面,而所述两个牙齿清洁单元中的另一个位于两个刷头部分的另一个上面。
13.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,还包括一个第二牙齿清洁单元,所述两个牙齿清洁单元都位于同一刷头部分上面。
14.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,各刷头部分包括交替的凸起和凹口,各刷头部分的凸起至少部分配合到另一刷头部分的凹口内。
15.根据权利要求14所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,一个刷头部分上面的一个凸起具有至少一个从该处延伸的毛束,并在三面被另一刷头部分围绕。
16.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,牙齿清洁单元包括一个或多个牙齿清洁器;
一个底部支撑件;和
一个锚固枢轴;
所述一个或多个牙齿清洁器的一端被固定到底部支撑件的第一端,锚固枢轴的一端被固定到底部支撑件的第二端。
17.根据权利要求16所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,所述锚固枢轴具有一个比该锚固枢轴的较小部分更大的部分,所述更大的部分是远离底部支撑件的,更大部分和较小部分各自的长度比宽度更长。
18.根据权利要求16所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,锚固枢轴位于一个一直通过刷头的孔内。
19.根据权利要求18所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,底部支撑件位于孔外。
20.根据权利要求18所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,该孔靠近与刷头顶面相对的刷头底面的第一部分与锚固枢轴的较大部分具有基本相同的长度和宽度,锚固枢轴的较大部分位于孔的该第一部分内。
21.根据权利要求20所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,该孔具有靠近刷头顶面的第二部分,该第二部分的长度小于孔第一部分的长度。
22.根据权利要求21所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,孔的第二部分在孔两个部分的接合处具有与孔第一部分基本相同的宽度,孔第二部分的宽度从孔两个部分的接合处向刷头的顶面张开。
23.根据权利要求21所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,牙齿清洁单元绕基本平行于孔第二部分宽度的轴线旋转。
24.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,牙齿清洁单元被咬扣-配合到刷头上。
25.根据权利要求2所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,刷毛为卷曲的。
26.根据权利要求2所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,刷毛为开槽的。
27.根据权利要求1所述的牙刷头,其特征在于,牙齿清洁单元能向一个位置的任一侧旋转达到8度,该牙齿清洁单元在该位置垂直于其从刷头延伸的那部分刷头的顶面。
28.一种制作牙刷头的方法,包括步骤:
在模具内模制塑料牙刷头,刷头有两个彼此间隔预定距离的独立部分;
将刷头从模具内移走;
使刷头的所述两个部分彼此相向移动;
至少加热所述两个刷头部分连接处刷头的那部分;
至少冷却所述两个刷头部分连接处刷头的那部分,以致所述两个刷头部分立刻保持在它们所间隔距离小于所述预定距离的位置上,其中模制步骤有效地将牙齿清洁单元固定到所述两个刷头部分的一个上面。
29.根据权利要求28所述的方法,其特征在于,牙齿清洁单元为一束或多束刷毛。
30.根据权利要求28所述的方法,其特征在于,通过热植处理,模制步骤有效地将至少一个或多个牙齿清洁单元固定到所述两个刷头部分的每一个上面。
31.根据权利要求28所述的方法,其特征在于,模制步骤有效地将一个孔模制到所述两个刷头部分的一个中,该孔一直延伸穿过刷头部分。
32.根据权利要求31所述的方法,还包括步骤:
将一个牙齿清洁单元***所述孔内。
33.根据权利要求28所述的方法,其特征在于,所述加热步骤用于将所述两个刷头部分连接处刷头的那部分加热到1.00-1.12倍的塑料的玻璃转换温度。
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2007
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Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6058541A (en) * | 1996-07-03 | 2000-05-09 | Gillette Canada Inc. | Crimped bristle toothbrush |
US6018840A (en) * | 1998-03-09 | 2000-02-01 | Gillette Canada Inc. | Notched dental hygiene article |
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