CN1788361B - 发光器件及其磷光体 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供一种包括发光芯片和磷光体的发光器件,来自所述发光芯片的光至少部分通过所述磷光体,从而将光转化成具有至少两个不同波长的光并发射。所述发光器件利用所述磷光体发射白光。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及发光器件及其磷光体,更具体地涉及黄色硅酸盐基磷光体和绿色硅酸盐基磷光体混合的混合型磷光体,和利用该混合磷光体发射白光的白光发射器件。
背景技术
制造普通GaN白光发射器件的方法通常分为两种,一种是利用单芯片的方法,其中通过进一步在蓝光发射器件或UV光发射器件上形成磷光体层来获得白光发射器件,另一种是利用多芯片的方法,其中将两个或更多发光器件组合以获得白光发射器件。用白光发射二极管(LED)来举例说明白光发射器件,但并不限于此。
实现多芯片形式的白光发射器件的典型方法可以通过将三个R、G和B发光器件组合来制造。但是,该多芯片型白光发射器件有缺点,即各个芯片具有不均一的工作电压并且各芯片的输出也随环境温度而不同,因此色坐标也被改变。由于上述缺点,多芯片型发光器件适合于需要显示各种颜色的特定发光,这是因为它控制各个颜色发光器件而不是实现白色发光器件,但是它不适合白光发光器件。
由于上述原因,通常使用具有易制作和优良效率的二元***来实现白光发光器件。二元***通过将蓝光发射器件与黄色磷光体层组合,从而允许发射白光,黄色磷光体通过蓝光发射器件激发而发射黄色光。
详细地,二元***是一种如下所述的发光器件,其利用蓝色LED作为激发光源,并利用蓝色LED发射的激发光激发利用稀土3价离子Ce3+作为激发剂的YAG(钇铝石榴石)磷光体,即YAG:Ce磷光体。
而且,白光发射器件根据其应用使用各种封装,典型地包括手持终端背光中所用的表面安装器件(SMD)型超微型化发光器件、用于电子板的垂直灯管型发光器件、固体显示器件或图像显示器。
分析白光特征的指数包括相关色温(CCT)和显色指数(CRI)。
详细地讲,CCT表示当物体发射可见光时的温度,看起来物体的颜色与黑体在某一温度下辐射的颜色相同并且假设黑体的温度与该物体的温度相等。当CCT增加时,光线使人目眩并且变成青白。因此,虽然同样是白光,当CCT低时,人觉得更温暖,而当CCT高时,人觉得冷。因此,通过调节CCT,可能符合需要各种色感的特定发光的规格。
在使用YAG:Ce磷光体的传统白光发射器件中,由于CCT仅固定在6000-8000K,因此不可能通过调节CCT来显出各种色感。
CRI表示当阳光或人造光辐照在物体上时物体颜色改变的程度。当物体的颜色与在太阳光下的颜色一致时,CRI定义为100。换言之,CRI是一种表示物体在人造光下的颜色接近阳光下颜色的程度的指数,值为0-100。因此当CRI接近100即白光时,人可以感觉在人造光下的物体的颜色与在阳光下没有区别。
目前,白炽灯具有超过80的CRI,荧光灯具有超过75的CRI,同时使用YAG:Ce磷光体的白光LED具有大约70-75的CRI,这相对于白炽灯和荧光灯较低。
因此,成问题的是,使用传统YAG:Ce磷光体的白光LED的CCT窄并且CRI相对较低。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明目的在于解决由于现有技术的局限和缺点而存在的一个或多个问题。
本发明的目的是提供发光器件及其磷光体,其中CCT可调节地被扩大至较宽的范围。
本发明的另一个目的是提供发光器件及其磷光体,其中提高了发光器件的CRI,使得发光器件工作时发射的光线最接近于自然光。
本发明的另一个目的是提供发光器件及其磷光体,其中混合多种磷光体,使得可以将色坐标、CCT和CRI平稳地调控到用户所希望的值。
技术方案
为了实现上述目的和其它优点,提供了一种发光器件,包括:发光芯片;和从发光芯片发射的第一种光通过的磷光体,其中磷光体包含利用第一种光激发具有第一中心发射峰(first centered emission peak)的第二种光的第一硅酸盐基磷光体和利用第一种光激发具有第二中心发射峰的第三种光的第二硅酸盐基磷光体。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供一种发光器件的磷光体,包括:第一硅酸盐基磷光体,其由发光芯片产生的光激发并具有Sr3-xSiO5:Eu2+x(0<x≤1)的化学式;和第二硅酸盐基磷光体,其由发光芯片产生的光激发并具有选自Ba2-xSiO4:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)、Ca1-xMgSi2O7:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)和Sr2-xSiO4:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)的化学式。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供一种发光器件,包括:基板;发射光波的发光芯片;用于电连接基板与发光芯片的连接部分;包封发光芯片并且光从中通过的磷光体;包含在磷光体中并具有Sr3-xSiO5:Eu2+x(0<x≤1)的化学式的第一硅酸盐基磷光体;和包含在磷光体中并具有选自Ba2-xSiO:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)、Ca1-xMgSi2O7:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)和Sr2-xSiO4:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)的化学式的第二硅酸盐基磷光体。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供一种发光器件,包括:引线框(leadframe);发射光的发光芯片;用于电连接引线框与发光芯片的连接部分;包封和成型(molding)发光芯片并且光从中通过的磷光体;包含在磷光体中并具有Sr3-xSiO5:Eu2+x(0<x≤1)的化学式的第一硅酸盐基磷光体;和包含在磷光体中并具有选自Ba2-xSiO4:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)、Ca1-xMgSi2O7:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)和Sr2-xSiO4:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)的化学式的第二硅酸盐基磷光体。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供一种发光器件,包括:发射光的发光芯片;从发光芯片发射的光通过的树脂基磷光体;其中磷光体包含利用第一种光激发具有第一中心发射峰的第二种光的黄色硅酸盐基磷光体和利用第一种光激发具有第二中心发射峰的第三种光的绿色硅酸盐基磷光体,并且存在的绿色硅酸盐基磷光体与黄色硅酸盐基磷光体的比率为1∶2-1∶5。
有益效果
根据本发明,发光器件的产品质量进一步提高并且可根据用户的需要控制发光的状态。
而且,由于可实现最接近于自然光的人造白光,因此发光器件例如LED可以扩展到更多的应用中。
附图说明
从附图中将理解本发明的精神。在附图中:
图1是根据本发明精神制造的SMD型白光发光器件的截面图;
图2是根据本发明精神制造的垂直灯管型发光器件的截面图;
图3是根据本发明的发光器件的发光光谱;和
图4表示当混合在发光器件的荧光层中的磷光体混合比率变化时,来自根据本发明的发光器件的发射光谱的图。
本发明最佳实施方案
下面,将参考附图详细说明本发明优选实施方案。
图1是根据本发明制造的表面安装器件(SMD)型发光器件的截面图.
参考图1,本发明的SMD白光发射器件包括:具有阳极和阴极的引线框110;GaN发光芯片130,施加电压时,能够产生具有400-480nm的中心发射峰的光;在引线框110和发光芯片130之间用于传导作为连接部分的导线150;以模制光传输环氧树脂或光传输硅树脂的形式在发光芯片130周围提供的磷光体层170。
磷光体层170包括磷光体以允许利用发光芯片130发射的光来发射波长不同于发光芯片130的光,因此,允许发射用户所希望的光,例如白光。
详细地,磷光体层170包括具有化学式Sr3-xSiO5:Eu2+x(0<x≤1)的黄色硅酸盐磷光体172和具有选自Ba2-xSiO4:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)、Ca1-xMgSi2O7:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)和Sr2-xSiO4:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)的化学式的绿色硅酸盐磷光体174,磷光体172和174在其中混合。
结果,以这样的状态提供磷光体层170,即其中以光传输环氧树脂或光传输硅树脂为基底将黄色硅酸盐磷光体172和绿色硅酸盐磷光体174混合。而且,由于磷光体层170在发光芯片130周围成型,因此来自发光芯片130的光激发磷光体172和174,从而发射用户所望的光波例如白光。
在此,混合在磷光体层170中的黄色硅酸盐磷光体172和绿色硅酸盐磷光体174的混合比可以是1∶1-1∶9或9∶1-1∶1。
具体地,在以俯视形式使用发光器件的情况下,黄色硅酸盐磷光体172和绿色硅酸盐磷光体174的混合比可以是1∶2-1∶3。而且,在以侧视形式使用发光器件的情况下,黄色硅酸盐磷光体172和绿色硅酸盐磷光体174的混合比率可以是1∶3-1∶4。
在此,荧光体172和174的颗粒尺寸可以是d90≤20μm、5≤d50≤10μm。d的意思是当使用预定的筛目过滤颗粒物时过滤率可达到的a%。
而且,用于混合磷光体的的树脂可以是光传输树脂,例如环氧树脂或硅树脂。
图2是根据本发明另一个实施方案以垂直灯管形式制造的发光器件的截面图。
参考图2,垂直灯管型发光器件包括:一对引线框210;安装在引线框210上的INGaN发光芯片230;电连接引线框210和发光芯片230的作为连接部分的导线250;包围发光芯片230的全部周边的磷光体层270。磷光体层270外侧的外壳材料280。以这样的状态提供磷光体层270,即其中预定的荧光体混入到光传输环氧树脂或光传输硅树脂中。磷光体层270包围发光芯片230的外部空间。并且在发光芯片230的周围成型树脂态的磷光体层270。
与第一实施方案类似,磷光体层270包括具有化学式Sr3-xSiO5:Eu2+x(0<x≤1)的黄色硅酸盐磷光体172和具有选自Ba2-xSiO4:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)、Ca1-xMgSi2O7:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)和Sr2-xSiO4:Eu2+x(0.001≤x≤1)的化学式的绿色硅酸盐磷光体174,磷光体172和174在其中混合。
另外,由于黄色硅酸盐磷光体和绿色硅酸盐磷光体的比例、重量比和颗粒尺寸与在第一实施方案中的一样,因此省略其详细描述。下面将详细描述磷光体层的运行和作用。
磷光体层270包封整个发光芯片230,从而允许发自发光芯片的光从其中穿过。
这里,当对发光芯片230通电时,发光芯片230发射波长为400-480nm的蓝光。蓝光在黄色酸盐磷光体272中激发具有550-600nm的中心发射峰的光,并且在绿色硅酸盐磷光体274中激发具有500-550nm的中心发射峰的光波。
详细地,在InGaN发光芯片130和230中,发射波长为400-480nm的蓝光并通过磷光体层270。这里,当穿过磷光体层270时,发射光的一部分激发黄色硅酸盐磷光体172和272和绿色硅酸盐磷光体174和274。因此,在黄色硅酸盐磷光体172和272中激发具有550-600nm的中心发射峰的光波,和在绿色硅酸盐磷光体174和274中激发具有500-550nm的中心发射峰的光波。当然,没有经过磷光体172、272、174和274的其余光作为从发光芯片30最初发射的蓝光而直接发射。
据推测,通过在其中混合有两种磷光体的磷光体层270中激发的光以及发光芯片230直接发射的光,本发明的发光器件的发光光谱在整体上具有宽范围波长的光发射。图3是根据本发明的发光器件的发光光谱。参考图3,发光器件发射400nm-700nm的宽范围波长的光。当然,很容易推测,当发射具有宽范围波长的光时,光甚至更接近白光并且当控制磷光体172、272、174和274的混合比时很容易调控用户所希望的光的状态。
图4是当混合在本发明发光器件的荧光层中的磷光体混合比变化时,发光器件发射的光的发光光谱。
图4说明(1)单独绿色硅酸盐磷光体的发光光谱线、(2)单独黄色硅酸盐磷光体的发光光谱线、(3)在绿色硅酸盐磷光体和黄色硅酸盐磷光体混合比为3∶1情况下的发光光谱线、(4)在绿色硅酸盐磷光体和黄色硅酸盐磷光体混合比为5∶1情况下的发光光谱线、(5)在绿色硅酸盐磷光体和黄色硅酸盐磷光体混合比为7∶1情况下的发光光谱线。虽然没有说明波长小于500nm的光,但很容易推测,蓝光发射芯片发射的光和那些没有穿过磷光体的光对应于这部分光。
如上所述,可通过改变绿色硅酸盐磷光体和黄色硅酸盐磷光体的含量比来控制来自发光器件的光的特性。而且,可通过控制发射光的特性来控制色坐标、CCT、CRI。因此可以根据用户所希望的方向来控制光的状态。
具体实施方式
本发明的发光器件可用作键区背光的发光器件。
这里,当发光器件的光是白光时,绿色磷光体和黄色磷光体的混合比为1∶2-1∶5并且光传输树脂中的磷光体含量可以是15-30wt.%。而且,当发光器件的光是青白光时,绿色磷光体和黄色磷光体的混合比为1∶2-1∶5并且光传输树脂中的磷光体含量可以是5-10wt.%。
而且,其中混入有磷光体的树脂可以是环氧树脂或硅树脂。
未描述的详细条件与参考图1所描述的那些相同。
工业应用
根据本发明的发光器件及其磷光体,可以实现甚至更接近自然光的白光。
同时,由于可控制发光器件发射的光的色坐标、色温、显色指数,因此可以更加促进用户的喜爱。
而且,由于可用作能替代便携式电话、灯、前灯的背光的节能型光源,因此本发明的发光器件具有实际用途。
虽然结合本发明优选实施方案,在此已经描述和图示了本发明,但是对本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,可以在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下做出各种修改和变化。因此,本发明覆盖了那些在所附权利要求范围内的修改和变化以及它们的等同物。
Claims (11)
1.一种发光器件,包含:
发射蓝光的发光芯片;和
从发光芯片发射的蓝光通过的磷光体,
其中磷光体包含利用蓝光激发具有第一中心发射峰的光的第一硅酸盐磷光体和利用蓝光激发具有第二中心发射峰的光的第二硅酸盐磷光体,
其中第一硅酸盐磷光体具有Sr3-xSiO5:Eu2+ x,其中0<x≤1的化学式,
其中第二硅酸盐磷光体具有选自Ba2-xSiO4:Eu2+ x,其中0.001≤x≤1;和Sr2-xSiO4:Eu2+ x,其中0.001≤x≤1的化学式,
其中第一中心发射峰在550-600nm范围内,
其中第二中心发射峰在500-550nm范围内,和
其中所述磷光体包封所述发光芯片并且在所述发光芯片周围成型。
2.根据权利要求1的发光器件,其中第一硅酸盐磷光体为黄光系列的,第二硅酸盐磷光体为绿光系列的。
3.根据权利要求1的发光器件,其中存在的第一硅酸盐磷光体与第二硅酸盐磷光体的混合比是1∶1-1∶9或9∶1-1∶1。
4.根据权利要求1的发光器件,其中磷光体的颗粒尺寸是d90≤20μm、5≤d50≤10μm。
5.根据权利要求1的发光器件,其中在发光芯片的***或发光芯片之上成型磷光体。
6.根据权利要求1的发光器件,其中通过将磷光体与光输送树脂混合制作磷光体。
7.根据权利要求6的发光器件,其中所述树脂是环氧树脂或硅树脂。
8.根据权利要求1的发光器件,还包括:
基板;和
用于电连接基板与发光芯片的连接部分。
9.根据权利要求8的发光器件,其中当发光器件是俯视型时,存在的第一硅酸盐磷光体与第二硅酸盐磷光体的混合比是1∶2-1∶3。
10.根据权利要求8的发光器件,其中当发光器件是侧视型时,存在的第一硅酸盐磷光体与第二硅酸盐磷光体的混合比是1∶3-1∶4。
11.根据权利要求1的发光器件,还包括:
引线框;和
用于电连接引线框与发光芯片的连接部分。
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