CN1772960A - Method for thermite welding aluminium electrolytic cell cathode steel bar - Google Patents
Method for thermite welding aluminium electrolytic cell cathode steel bar Download PDFInfo
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- CN1772960A CN1772960A CN 200510117419 CN200510117419A CN1772960A CN 1772960 A CN1772960 A CN 1772960A CN 200510117419 CN200510117419 CN 200510117419 CN 200510117419 A CN200510117419 A CN 200510117419A CN 1772960 A CN1772960 A CN 1772960A
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- Prior art keywords
- welding
- cathode steel
- steel bar
- thermite
- cathode
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007133 aluminothermic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is characterized by that the aluminothermics powder containing aluminium powder and iron oxide powder is placed in a quartz crucible which is positioned in the upper portion of gap between two parts of cathodic steel rods and whose bottom portion is equipped with a self-fluxing plug, after the aluminothermics powder is lighted by firing agent magnesium ribbon, the molten iron is produced, and is flowed into the cavity body of welding model formed by using quartz sand to plug left and right side faces and bottom face of the above-mentioned gap between cathodic steel rods so as to weld said two parts of cathodic steel rods together.
Description
Technical Field
A method for welding a cathode steel bar of an aluminum electrolytic cell by using thermite relates to the overhaul of the aluminum electrolytic cell, in particular to a method for welding the cathode steel bar of the aluminum electrolytic cell by overhaul.
Background
The normal production can be carried out only after the electrolytic cell is stopped, and one important link of the electrolytic cell overhaul is the welding of the cathode steel bar. In the implementation process, the cathode steel bar and the cathodesmall bus are firstly cut and separated from the old steel bar and then connected with the new steel bar.
According to different states of metals in welding, the welding can be divided into three major categories, namely pressure welding, fusion welding and brazing. The cathode steel bar in the aluminum electrolysis industry generally adopts a steel plate layer-by-layer welding method (namely black contact fusion welding), and the part (namely the steel plate layer-by-layer welding part) where the cathode bus bar is connected with the cathode steel bar is called a welding transition section.
At present, welding of the transition section at home and abroad is not reported, and at present, most of aluminum electrolysis plants adopt heavy current production, so that in order to weaken the interference of a strong electromagnetic field on black welding, a 'double transition section' method is forced to be adopted to connect a cathode steel bar and a small bus, and a temporary bus needs to be erected sometimes to share current, so that the power consumption is increased, meanwhile, the interference of the strong magnetic field also influences the welding quality, and the labor intensity of workers is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for welding a cathode steel bar of an aluminum electrolysis cell by using an thermite, which can effectively reduce the power consumption, avoid the interference of a strong magnetic field, ensure the welding quality, reduce the labor intensity and be simple and quick to operate aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A process for welding the cathode steel rod of aluminium electrolyzer with thermite includes such steps as putting thermite reaction agent containing aluminium powder and iron oxide in quartz crucible with self-fusing plugs at top and bottom of gap between two segments of cathode steel rods, igniting with magnesium strip as igniting agent, flowing molten iron in the cavity of welding mould formed by sealing left and right surfaces and bottom of gap between cathode steel rods with quartz sand mould, and welding two segments of cathode steel rods.
The method is characterized in that the aluminothermic reaction medicament comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20 to 30 percent of Al powder, 5 to 10 percent of Fe powder and the balance of Fe2O3And (3) pulverizing.
The method of the invention is characterized in that the self-melting plug of the quartz crucible for welding is a cap-shaped bowl-shaped iron plug.
The method is characterized in that the thermite reaction agent contains 3-5% of ferromanganese alloy powder. The ferromanganese alloy added into the thermite is a commercial standard type ferromanganese alloy. The manganese in the manganese-iron alloy can enable the welding point components to be close to the cathode steel bar components, and the welding performance of the cathode steel bar is effectively improved.
The principle of the invented method, thermite welding method, is to ignite the thermite with an ignition agent to produce the following thermite chemical reactionThe following steps are required: . The temperature can reach more than 2000 ℃ in the reaction, molten iron and aluminum oxide scum are generated, and the high-temperature molten iron can complete the instantaneous welding of workpieces. High-temperature molten iron is injected into the welding model cavity in about 10 seconds, so that the welding seam has higher heat capacityThereby allowing a smaller cooling rate of the weld zone.
According to the method, the quartz crucible for containing the medicament can bear high-temperature reaction above 2000 ℃, and can be used repeatedly. And (3) adopting a disposable quartz sand welding model according to the welding characteristics and the application condition of the bottom cathode steel bar. The welding model is composed of three quartz blocks which are respectively attached to the side surface of the gap between the two cathode steel bars and the bottom surface of the gap between the two cathode steel bars and are used for plugging the gap between the two cathode steel bars into a model cavity, and the three quartz blocks are clamped by an external iron clamp to form a good welding model inner cavity with two air holes in the outer surface and the three surfaces, so that the welding is more reasonable, safer and more reliable.
According to the method, the bottom of the quartz crucible adopts the self-melting plug, the self-melting plug can automatically melt when the molten iron reaches the preset temperature, the phenomena of manual smashing and slag inclusion are avoided through the molten iron, and the welding quality is improved.
According to the method, the surface of the cathode steel bar is treated before welding, dust, rust and impurities are removed and passivated, so that the surface cleanliness of the cathode steel bar is increased, the contact quality of the cathode steel bar and the carbon block is improved, and the cathode voltage drop is reduced. During welding, two cathode steel bars to be welded are placed, so that the distance between the middle craters is kept to be a gap, the craters are kept clean, and the sections of the craters are kept vertical and parallel.
In order to improve the welding effect, the method needs to preheat the surface of the welding opening of the cathode steel bar before welding, so that the preheating temperature of the surface of the welding opening reaches over 800 ℃. After various working procedures and the preheating of the welding crater are finished, the welding flux ignition agent in the upper container is immediately ignited, so that the welding flux generates violent thermite reaction in a very short time (about 10 seconds), and the generated high-temperature molten iron flows into the welding cavity of the lower welding model, thereby completing the welding of the cathode steel bar. And cleaning dross of the welding flux on the surface to expose the full welding meat and the welding part, thereby finishing the operation.
The method can avoid the influence of a strong magnetic field and the environment on the welding operation, so that the welding method is quick and convenient, the welding flesh is full, the welding is firm, the cathode voltage is reduced, the overall welding effect is good, the electric conductivity which is the same as that of a steel bar can be obtained, the energy conservation and the consumption reduction are facilitated, a new welding method except the conventional black welding is realized, the influence of the magnetic field on the welding is eliminated, and the method is particularly suitable for the welding which can not be carried out by the conventional method under the strong magnetic field and other severe environments.
Detailed Description
A process for welding the cathode steel rod of aluminium electrolyzer by thermite includes such steps as proportionally mixing aluminium powder with iron oxide powder, putting it in quartz crucible with self-fusing plug at the top and bottom of the gap between two segments of cathode steel rods, igniting by magnesium strip as igniting agent, flowing molten iron in the cavity of welding mould formed by quartzsand mould to seal the left and right surfaces and bottom of the gap between two segments of cathode steel rods, and welding two segments of cathode steel rods.
The thermite welding process comprises two parts: (1) firstly, carrying out surface rust removal and passivation on a cathode steel bar in a treatment tank; (2) after phosphorus pig iron is poured, the cathode carbon block group with the cathode steel bar is placed in an electrolytic cell, and thermite welding is carried out on the transition section of the cathode steel bar.
Example 1
In the process of carrying out thermite welding on a cathode steel bar with the width of 130 multiplied by 130mm of a 85kA prebaked cell, firstly, 27 percent of Al powder, 6 percent of Fe powder and the balance of Fe2O3Putting the powder welding agent into a quartz crucible; accurately placing a cathode steel bar: placing two cathode steel bars to be welded, keeping the distance of the middle crater at 2cm, keeping the crater clean, and keeping the section of the crater vertical and parallel; assembling a welding model: assembling the left, right and bottom 3 parts of the welding model at the joint of the cathode bar to be welded by using an external iron clampClamping to form a welding model inner cavity with three sealed outer surfaces and two air holes in the inner surface; preheating a cathode steel bar: in order to improve the welding effect, the surface of the welded junction of the cathode steel bar needs to be preheated before welding, so that the preheating temperature of the surface of the welded junction reaches 900 ℃. After various working procedures and the preheating of the welding crater are finished, the welding flux ignition agent in the upper container is immediately ignited, so that the welding flux generates violent thermite reaction in a very short time (about 10 seconds), the generated high-temperature molten iron flows into the welding cavity of the lower welding model, and the cathode is finishedAnd (5) welding the steel bar.
Example 2
In the process of carrying out thermite welding on a cathode steel bar with the width of 130 multiplied by 130mm of a 85kA prebaked cell, firstly, 24 percent of Al powder, 7 percent of Fe powder, 3 percent of ferromanganese alloy powder and the balance of Fe are mixed according to the proportion2O3Putting the powder welding agent into a quartz crucible; accurately placing a cathode steel bar: placing two cathode steel bars to be welded, keeping the distance of the middle crater at 2cm, keeping the crater clean, and keeping the section of the crater vertical and parallel; assembling a welding model: assembling the left, right and bottom 3 parts of the welding model at the joint of the cathode bar to be welded, and clamping the parts by using an external iron clamp to form a welding model inner cavity with three sealed external surfaces and two air holes inside; preheating a cathode steel bar: in order to improve the welding effect, the surface of the welded junction of the cathode steel bar needs to be preheated before welding, so that the preheating temperature of the surface of the welded junction reaches 800 ℃. After various working procedures and the preheating of the welding crater are finished, the welding flux ignition agent in the upper container is immediately ignited, so that the welding flux generates violent thermite reaction in a very short time (about 10 seconds), and the generated high-temperature molten iron flows into the welding cavity of the lower welding model, thereby completing the welding of the cathode steel bar.
Example 3
In the process of carrying out thermite welding on a cathode steel bar with the width of 130 multiplied by 130mm of a 85kA prebaked cell, 22 percent of Al powder, 9 percent of Fe powder, 5 percent of ferromanganese alloy powder and the balance of Fe are firstly mixed2O3Putting the powder welding agent into a quartz crucible; accurately placing a cathode steel bar: placing two cathode steel bars to be welded, keeping the distance of the middle crater at 2cm, keeping the crater clean, and keeping the section of the crater vertical and parallel; assembling a welding model: assembling the left, right and bottom 3 parts of the welding model at the joint of the cathode bar to be welded, and clamping the parts by using an external iron clamp to form a welding model inner cavity with three sealed external surfaces and two air holes inside; preheating a cathode steel bar: in order to improve the welding effect, the surface of the welding opening of the cathode steel bar needs to be preheated before welding, so that the preheating temperature of the surface of the welding opening reaches above 850 ℃. After various working procedures and the preheating of the welding crater are finished, the welding flux ignition agent in the upper container is immediately ignited, so that the welding flux generates violent thermite reaction in a very short time (about 10 seconds), and the generated high-temperature molten iron flows into the lower sideAnd (4) welding the cathode steel bar in the welding cavity of the welding model.
Claims (7)
1. A process for welding the cathode steel rod of aluminium electrolyzer with thermite includes such steps as putting thermite reaction agent containing aluminium powder and iron oxide powder in a quartz crucible with self-fusing plugs at the top and bottom of the gap between two segments of cathode steel rods, igniting with magnesium strip as igniting agent, flowing molten iron in the cavity of welding mould, and welding two segments of cathode steel rods.
2. The method for thermite welding of cathode steel bars of aluminum electrolysis cells according to claim 1, wherein the thermite reaction agent comprises, in weight percent: 20 to 30 percent of Al powder, 5 to 10 percent of Fe powder and the balance of Fe2O3And (3) pulverizing.
3. The method for thermite welding of cathode steel bars for aluminum reduction cells according to claim 2, wherein the thermite reaction agent contains 3% -5% ferromanganese alloy powder.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the welding model comprises three quartz blocks, each of which is attached to the side surface of the gap between two cathode steel bars and the bottom surface of the gap between two cathode steel bars, and the gap between two cathode steel bars is sealed into a model cavity, and the quartz blocks are clamped by an external iron clamp to form an excellent welding model cavity with three sealed external surfaces and two air holes inside.
5. The method for thermite welding of cathode steel rods for aluminum reduction cells according to claim 1, wherein the self-fluxing plugs of the quartz crucible are hat-shaped bowl-shaped iron plugs.
6. The method for thermite welding of the cathode steel bar of the aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the cathode steel bar is treated before welding to remove dust, rust and impurities, so that the surface cleanliness of the cathode steel bar is increased, the contact quality of the cathode steel bar and the carbon block is improved, and the cathode voltage drop is reduced. During welding, two cathode steel bars to be welded are placed, so that the distance between the middle craters is kept tobe a gap, the craters are kept clean, and the sections of the craters are kept vertical and parallel.
7. The method of thermite welding the cathode steel bar of an aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the crater of the cathode steel bar is preheated before welding, so that the preheating temperature of the surface of the crater reaches above 800 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101174196A CN100523308C (en) | 2005-11-02 | 2005-11-02 | Method for thermite welding aluminium electrolytic cell cathode steel bar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101174196A CN100523308C (en) | 2005-11-02 | 2005-11-02 | Method for thermite welding aluminium electrolytic cell cathode steel bar |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1772960A true CN1772960A (en) | 2006-05-17 |
| CN100523308C CN100523308C (en) | 2009-08-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2005101174196A Expired - Fee Related CN100523308C (en) | 2005-11-02 | 2005-11-02 | Method for thermite welding aluminium electrolytic cell cathode steel bar |
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| CN (1) | CN100523308C (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103286476A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-09-11 | 兰州连城铝业有限责任公司 | Flux for electrified maintenance of riser bus bars of aluminum cells |
| CN103320816A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-25 | 青铜峡铝业股份有限公司 | Method for connecting aluminum electrolytic tank cathode steel bar and connector presser |
| CN103350285A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-10-16 | 青铜峡铝业股份有限公司 | Method for welding of cathode steel bar of aluminum electrolytic tank with crimping device |
| CN104668815A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-06-03 | 武汉金泉铝热焊接器材有限公司 | Aluminum hot welding flux and welding method for welding cathode square steel of aluminum electrolytic baths in high-intensity magnetic field environments |
| CN106735661A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-31 | 新疆众和股份有限公司 | Anode electrolytic cell guide rod and the method for steel pawl sweat soldering |
| CN106736038A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-31 | 新疆众和股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminum steel Thermofusion welding agent |
| CN109262210A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-25 | 甘肃酒钢集团科力耐火材料股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminium electrolytic cell cathode bus burning powder welding procedure |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4063720A (en) * | 1973-03-23 | 1977-12-20 | Camille Boutet | Automatic unplugging aluminothermic welding crucible |
| DE19637283C3 (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 2003-04-03 | Elektro Thermit Gmbh & Co Kg | Process for aluminothermic intermediate casting welding of rails with alloying of the steel casting in the rail head area |
| CN1328414C (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2007-07-25 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Welding method for major repairing cathode of large aluminium electrolytic bath |
-
2005
- 2005-11-02 CN CNB2005101174196A patent/CN100523308C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103286476A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-09-11 | 兰州连城铝业有限责任公司 | Flux for electrified maintenance of riser bus bars of aluminum cells |
| CN103286476B (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2015-02-04 | 兰州连城铝业有限责任公司 | Flux for electrified maintenance of riser bus bars of aluminum cells |
| CN103320816A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-25 | 青铜峡铝业股份有限公司 | Method for connecting aluminum electrolytic tank cathode steel bar and connector presser |
| CN103350285A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-10-16 | 青铜峡铝业股份有限公司 | Method for welding of cathode steel bar of aluminum electrolytic tank with crimping device |
| CN103350285B (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2016-03-02 | 青铜峡铝业股份有限公司 | Welding method between a kind of aluminum cell cathode steel bar and connector presser |
| CN103320816B (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2016-05-25 | 青铜峡铝业股份有限公司 | Method of attachment between a kind of aluminum cell cathode steel bar and connector presser |
| CN104668815A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-06-03 | 武汉金泉铝热焊接器材有限公司 | Aluminum hot welding flux and welding method for welding cathode square steel of aluminum electrolytic baths in high-intensity magnetic field environments |
| CN106736038A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-31 | 新疆众和股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminum steel Thermofusion welding agent |
| CN106735661A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-31 | 新疆众和股份有限公司 | Anode electrolytic cell guide rod and the method for steel pawl sweat soldering |
| CN106735661B (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2019-01-04 | 新疆众和股份有限公司 | The method of anode electrolytic cell guide rod and the sweat soldering of steel pawl |
| CN109262210A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-25 | 甘肃酒钢集团科力耐火材料股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminium electrolytic cell cathode bus burning powder welding procedure |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN100523308C (en) | 2009-08-05 |
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