CN1765803A - Metal/ ceramic nano composite additive of self-rehabilitation and its preparation method - Google Patents
Metal/ ceramic nano composite additive of self-rehabilitation and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1765803A CN1765803A CN 200510094233 CN200510094233A CN1765803A CN 1765803 A CN1765803 A CN 1765803A CN 200510094233 CN200510094233 CN 200510094233 CN 200510094233 A CN200510094233 A CN 200510094233A CN 1765803 A CN1765803 A CN 1765803A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a metal/ceramic nano complex self-repairing additive, which comprises metal nano micropowder and nano natural ore powder as main material, detergent, catalyst, antioxidant, and solvent, and can be used in lube, grease and ultrasonic medium. The advantages of this invention include: it can form rapidly high-hardness self-repairing protection layer on a plurality of metal friction surfaces with thickness adjustable to optimize gap and improve surface physical and chemical property, and has wide application in friction dual parts.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to novel nano-material exploitation and Application Areas, particularly a kind of prescription of metal/ceramic nano composite additive of self-rehabilitation, preparation and the using method under differentiated friction occasion situation.
Background technology:
Friction, wearing and tearing are the spontaneous phenomenons that generally take place in the mechanical means operation process, also are one of three big reasons (wearing and tearing, corrosion and repeated stress failure) that cause material, damage of facilities and inefficacy.According to statistics, 1/3～1/2 of the produced worldwide energy is lost in the frictional wear, nearly 200,000,000,000 dollars of the wastings of resources that causes because of frictional wear in U.S. every year, China annual because of frictional wear cause with a toll of more than one hundred billion Renminbi.Reduce wear and energy consumption, improve plant factor, be one of important content of countries in the world research always.For reducing wear, except that carrying out rational tribology Design, also can realize by following two approach: the one, improve wear-resistant, the antifriction performance of friction pair as far as possible, as select high-abrasive material, surface alloying, sulfurizing, boronising etc. for use; The 2nd, by realizing the good lubrication between the friction pair, improve that the new layer of compensation of formation remedies wearing and tearing in the conditioned disjunction of anti-damage wear process.Because article one approach is subjected to many restrictions of the aspects such as cost, processing and working conditions of part in actual mechanical process, therefore, more use occasion still realizes antifriction between the friction pair and wear-resistant by developing lubricating oil efficiently or lubricating grease.
In oil lubrication and grease lubrication system, because most rare lubricating oil (fat) film that basic mineral oil and basic lubricating grease produced is very easily destroyed in normal working conditions, and in use be prone to problems such as settling is many, friction pair is bonding, even cause the situation that can't run well.In the existing lubrication technology, for remedying the shortcoming of lubricating base oils (fat), main solution is by add the various organic and inorganic compound with difference in functionality in lubricating oil (fat) lubricating oil (fat) to be carried out modification, to improve the physicochemical property of lubricant medium, improve the supporting capacity of lubricating oil (fat) film and reduce frictional coefficient.Though these compounds can play certain rubbing effect that improves, but also bring certain side effect, in friction process, may produce objectionable constituent as part of compounds, particularly when oil warm when higher, may play corrosive nature to the bearing materials of non-ferrous metal, the easy decomposition and consumption of some oil soluble organic additive needs constantly to replenish.In addition, the synthesis technique complexity of this additive, some has chemical pollution, makes its development be subjected to certain limitation.Solid lubrication additive is a kind of important slip additive technology of research and development both at home and abroad in recent years, and it is to have stratiform or squama structure (as colloid MoS by some
2, graphite, tetrafluoroethylene) and the solid particulate of some soft metals such as Pb, Cu be scattered in equably and form in the base oil, its high lubricating effect, but there are problems such as poor, the easy precipitation of dispersion stabilization when its granularity than big and add-on more for a long time, even the wear phenomenon of aggravation friction pair in use occurs.
But have the analysis of the acidic substance that produce after oil oxidation of better suspension characteristic and neutral lubrication and the fuel combustion based on nanoparticle, the research of nanometer lubricating additive has caused the generally attention of world developed country after the 1950's.Chinese scholars utilizes various preparation methods to develop multiple nano level oil dope in recent years, and the additive kind of being studied has expanded broad varietys such as metal nano powder, nano inorganic salt, nanometer oxyhydroxide and oxide compound, high molecular nano-microsphere to.As the JB company of the U.S. and hundred along add " Mo Sheng " series and serial pure hydro carbons nanometer unit molecule petrol engine nursing agent product of petronplus that company releases on market.It is containing Nano diamond internal combustion engine running-in lubricant and containing the senior lubricant of copper nanoparticle end with the nanometer copper alloy powder of N-50A that Russia has released the trade mark.The Chu Yanming of China has invented a kind of nanometer metal micropowder lubricating repairing agent (patent No. CN1190668A) and antifriction lubricant (patent No. CN1206737A).Wilde, Oscar has synthesized senior lubricant with Nano graphite powder as additive, and the method that Wang Heshou utilizes mechanical disintegration and colloid chemistry to combine has prepared nanometer PTFE, MoS
2, talcum powder and studied their tribological property (nano-technology industry, 2003, (7): 67).Qiao Yulin etc. have developed slip additive (refining of petroleum and chemical industry, 2002, (8): 34) that contain nanometer copper.Recently, Xu Bin scholar academician also developed nanometer copper and nano rare earth compound composite additive of self-rehabilitation (Chinese Surface Engineering, 2004, (2): 37), Dong Ling has developed nano combined SiO
2/ SnO
2Selfreparing slip additive (tribology journal, 2004,24 (6): 517) etc.Although, the multiple nanometer lubricating additive of now having released all has certain self-repair function, and might realize " zero wearing and tearing ", but existing additive mostly exists and is difficult to produce the selfreparing ceramic layer that has the very high rigidity of metallurgical binding with surfaces of metallic rubbing pairs, in case friction environment exceeds specific tolerance band, the selfreparing film will come off and lose efficacy and lubricating oil is caused bad influence, and also there are problems such as cost height, complicated process of preparation in this outside part slip additive.The great mass of data analysis revealed, up to now, Harbin Sheng Long group (holy gold medal) and Russian Thessaloniki fourth. (patent No. is respectively 02101022.6 to the ore powder self repairing agent that contains ultra-fine hydroxyl magnesium silicate that your. Fu Lajimi Zorovic of Yi Ge is released, CN98121144) reconditioning layer that in friction process, generates have high rigidity (microhardness is up to HV680～1145) and with the function of ferrous metal friction pair metallurgical binding, and the dry friction coefficient of its reconditioning layer extremely low (0.003～0.007), but its product existence only is applicable to steel-steel-steel pair, grow (1～100 hour) (or requiring high mechanical friction power) repair time, frictional coefficient is restorative under the Oil Lubrication Condition increases (0.03～0.06) and lubricating oil wear scar diameter and extreme pressure value is improved less problems (State Economic and Trade Commission's self-repairing material for metal abrasion product evaluation meeting file, in September, 2002) such as (the ZMZ value improve 10.6).
Summary of the invention:
Purpose of the present invention is exactly all shortcomings that exist at above-mentioned slip additive, a kind of reconditioning layer hardness height is provided, can reduce frictional coefficient and wear scar diameter under oil (fat) lubricating condition significantly, improve the metal/ceramic nano composite additive of self-rehabilitation of extreme pressure value, make it in use can form high rigidity metallurgical binding selfreparing protective layer at multiple surfaces of metallic rubbing pairs fast, and make it to be applicable to differentiated friction pair (steel-steel by adjusting lubricant additive formulation and adding method, steel-copper, copper-copper, copper-aluminium) and extraneous friction environment variation occasion greatly; Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of metal/ceramic nano composite additive of self-rehabilitation.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of metal/ceramic nano composite additive of self-rehabilitation is characterized in that by accounting for composite additive of self-rehabilitation gross weight 20～80% nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation A and by accounting for composite the forming of composite additive of self-rehabilitation gross weight 20～80% nano composite powder additive of self-rehabilitation B; Wherein the weight percentage of the component of nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation A and the shared additive A total amount of each component is as follows:
Natural crystal nano powder 10～30%,
Dispersion agent 2～5%,
Supplementary additive 3.2～15%,
The component of nano composite powder additive of self-rehabilitation B and the weight percentage of the shared additive B total amount of each component are as follows:
Metal nano composite powder 8～20%,
Dispersion agent 0.3～6%,
Stablizer 0.3～6%,
Antioxygen etching reagent 0.5～1%,
Properties modifier 0.3～5%,
Dispersion medium 67～80%.
Wherein above-mentioned natural crystal nano powder is the nano powder mixture that natural serpentine or natural serpentine and the magnesium oxide that accounts for serpentine weight percent 5～30% obtain after processing, and the powder mean particle size is 30～100nm; The natural serpentine in the East Sea, the preferred Jiangsu of natural serpentine (containing serpentine, chlorite, talcum).Dispersion agent is a kind of in Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, silane coupling agent, oleic acid, stearic acid or the German Disperbyk series dispersion agent at least.Other supplementary additive is anti-friction composition, catalyzer, friction pair detergent-dispersant additive and antioxygen etching reagent; Each ingredients constitute nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation A weight percent is respectively anti-friction composition: 0.5～4%; Catalyzer: 0.2～5%; Friction pair detergent-dispersant additive: 2～5%; Antioxygen etching reagent 0.5～1%.Anti-friction composition is a nanometer Fe
3O
4Or Nano graphite powder, its mean particle size is 30～60 nanometers.Catalyzer is nanometer Fe at least
2O
3(, nano Ce
2O
3Or nanometer La
2O
3In a kind of, its mean particle size is 30～60 nanometers.The friction pair detergent-dispersant additive is nanometer CaCO
3Or nanometer Ca (OH)
2, its mean particle size is 30～100 nanometers.The antioxygen etching reagent is T501, T202 or T504.
Wherein the component of metal nano composite powder and content are respectively: copper powder≤100nm 40～90wt.%, nickel powder≤60nm 10～60wt.% and molybdenum powder≤60nm 0～30wt.% (is benchmark with metal nano composite powder total amount).Stablizer is that one or both of the derivative of Viscotrol C or Ployethylene Wax are composite.Properties modifier is to contain a kind of in molybdenum extreme pressure anti-wear additives MoDDP, 106 purification agents, 154 dispersion agents, 406 oiliness improvers, 603 viscosity index modifiers or the 803A pour point depressant at least.Dispersion medium is lubricating base oils or basic lubricating grease; Wherein lubricating base oils is 500SN, 15W or 20W, and basic lubricating grease is a lithium base anti-attrition lubricating grease.
The present invention also provides the production method of above-mentioned a kind of metal/ceramic nano composite additive of self-rehabilitation, the steps include:
A. after will accounting for nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation A gross weight 10～30% natural crystal nano powders and accounting for additive A gross weight 2～5% dispersion agents and account for the preparation of additive A gross weight 50～84.8% dispersion medium, by ball mill with ore powder ball milling to 30～100 nanometers after, obtain nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation A after adding the further ball milling of supplementary additive account for additive A gross weight 3.2～15%, dispersion, mixing 60～180min then;
B. will account for the adding of nano composite powder additive of self-rehabilitation B gross weight 0.3～6% dispersion agent accounts in the dispersion medium of additive B gross weight 67～80%, add again and account for additive B gross weight 8～20% nano metal composite granules and account for additive B gross weight 0.3～6% stablizer, after the high speed dispersor dispersion, the metal nano composite granule dispersion liquid of gained adds the properties modifier that accounts for additive B gross weight 0.5～1% antioxygen etching reagent and account for additive B gross weight 0.3～5%, in grinding in ball grinder, make nano composite powder additive of self-rehabilitation B;
C. with above-mentioned prepare account for composite additive gross weight 20～80% additive A and to account for composite additive gross weight 20～80% additive Bs composite, in ball mill or high-speed mixer, grind or stirred 60～120 minutes, make metal/ceramic nano composite additive of self-rehabilitation C.
The high uniform mixing elemental metals nano composite powder that wherein adopts the preparation of multiple gun DC arc plasma method of evaporation to meet the demands among the step B.Various metal nano powders or metal nano composite powder should be preserved under vacuum condition, should carry out in vacuum glove box during weighing, and the micro mist after the weighing should immerse in the solvent at once to be preserved.
Wherein the rotating speed of step B high speed dispersion machine is 600～3000 rev/mins, and jitter time is 15～60 minutes, is 20 minutes～2 hours in the grinding in ball grinder time.
Above-mentioned natural crystal nano powder is the nano powder mixture that natural serpentine or natural serpentine and the magnesium oxide that accounts for serpentine weight percent 5～30% obtain after processing, and the powder mean particle size is 30～100nm; The natural serpentine in the East Sea, the preferred Jiangsu of natural serpentine (containing serpentine, chlorite, talcum).Dispersion agent is a kind of in Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, silane coupling agent, oleic acid, stearic acid or the German Disperbyk series dispersion agent at least.Other supplementary additive is anti-friction composition, catalyzer, friction pair detergent-dispersant additive and antioxygen etching reagent; Each ingredients constitute nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation A weight percent is respectively anti-friction composition 0.5～4%, catalyzer 0.2～5%, friction pair detergent-dispersant additive 2～5%, antioxygen etching reagent 0.5～1%.Anti-friction composition is a nanometer Fe
3O
4Or Nano graphite powder, its mean particle size is 30～60 nanometers.Catalyzer is nanometer Fe at least
2O
3, nano Ce
2O
3Or nanometer La
2O
3In a kind of, its mean particle size is 30～60 nanometers.The friction pair detergent-dispersant additive is nanometer CaCO
3Or nanometer Ca (OH)
2, its mean particle size is 30～100 nanometers.The antioxygen etching reagent is T501, T202 or T504.
The component and the content of above-mentioned metal nano composite powder are respectively: copper powder≤100nm 40～90wt.%, nickel powder≤60nm 10～60wt.% and molybdenum powder≤60nm 0～30wt.% (is benchmark with metal nano composite powder total amount).Stablizer is that one or both of the derivative of Viscotrol C or Ployethylene Wax are composite.Properties modifier is to contain a kind of in molybdenum extreme pressure anti-wear additives MoDDP, 106 purification agents, 154 dispersion agents, 406 oiliness improvers, 603 viscosity index modifiers or the 803A pour point depressant at least.Dispersion medium is lubricating base oils or basic lubricating grease; Wherein lubricating base oils is 500SN, 15W or 20W, and basic lubricating grease is a lithium base anti-attrition lubricating grease.
The using method of the present invention's metal friction additive of self-rehabilitation under the differentiated friction environment is also different, the metal/ceramic nano composite additive of self-rehabilitation directly can be added, also the nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation A and the nano composite powder additive of self-rehabilitation B that steps A and B can be made adds respectively.
The consumption of nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation A in the steps A: contain nano ore micro mist 0.02～0.4 gram according to different occasions by every liter of lubricating oil (fat) in the physical device and be metered into an amount of additive.
Four-ball tester test-results and actual motion test-results show; this additive is compared with domestic and international close ore powder galling self repairing agent; obtain the high rigidity metallurgical binding selfreparing ferric metasilicate magnesium protective layer except that stablizing at the ferrous metal surface of friction pair; has repair time short (shortening 3～5 times); can improve base oil to a certain extent and get PB value (10～52%); and frictional coefficient under the reduction Oil Lubrication Condition and wear scar diameter, save additive amount about 20%.
Nano composite powder additive of self-rehabilitation B consumption among the step B: contain nanometer metal micropowder 0.5～4 gram according to different occasions by every liter of lubricating oil (fat) in the physical device and be metered into an amount of additive.
Four-ball tester test-results and actual motion test-results show, the close additive with domestic report of this additive is compared, has high dispersing stability, best powder add-on can reduce by 1～3 times, the PB value improves 30～50%), wear scar diameter (WSB) reduces by 10～30%, and frictional coefficient reduces by 1～3 times (0.015～0.0175) under the Oil Lubrication Condition, and the selfreparing time shortens (under the friction pair clean conditions 8～30 minutes) significantly.
Also can directly add making metal/ceramic nano composite additive of self-rehabilitation C.
Four-ball tester test-results and actual motion test-results show; the close slip additive with other of this additive is compared; tribological property improves significantly; the selfreparing time shortens (under the friction pair clean conditions 20～60 minutes) significantly, can form high rigidity metallurgical binding metal/ceramic selfreparing gradient protective layer at the different metal surface of friction pair.
For " steel-steel-steel pair ": can add additive A earlier according to recommendation consumption of the present invention, treat to add lower bound content additive B again after high rigidity ceramics in repairing layer forms, can reach multipurpose of the presently claimed invention and comprehensive result of use.Also can directly adopt by recommending amount ranges to add addition of C, carry out the friction pair selfreparing, but should suitably regulate add-on according to friction pair mechanical force size.
For " steel-copper friction pair ": can directly add addition of C according to recommendation amount ranges of the present invention, take the circumstances into consideration according to friction pair mechanical force size adjustment add-on size.
For " copper-copper, copper-aluminium friction pair ": can add additive B earlier according to recommendation amount ranges of the present invention, treat to add certain content additive A again after the metal nano repair layer forms.Under the situation that the friction pair mechanical force is of moderate size, by adjusting the prescription of addition of C, also can be directly by recommending consumption to add addition of C.
Beneficial effect
The present invention adopts nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation and composite the forming of nano composite powder additive of self-rehabilitation, and natural crystal micro mist, composition metal powder and some additives be nano-powder, therefore has the following advantages:
(1) can on multiple mechanical component friction pair wear surface, generate high rigidity metallurgical binding self-repairability protective layer (the protective layer microhardness can reach HV650～1100) fast, selfreparing time ratio same type of material shortens 3～5 times, regularly uses repair materials to handle friction pair and can compensate parts depreciation and make friction pair gap optimizing;
(2) significantly improve the tribological property of lubricant medium, under certain load and slip additive add-on situation, the PB value reaches as high as 1080N, and the comparable 500SN base oil of WSB reduces by 45.6%, and frictional coefficient can be stablized to 0.015～0.0175 under the short period of time Oil Lubrication Condition;
(3) reduce the mechanical component friction wear significantly, significantly reduce the maintenance of equipment, the replacing number of times of parts prolongs 2～3 times of service life of equipment and overhaul lifes, and prolongs oil sealing, rubber, plastic mattress distortion, aging, embrittlement time;
(4) energy efficiency is remarkable, can increase fuel utilization ratio 10～32%, improves engine power about 20%;
(5) environmental: as to reduce parts temperature in the running, alleviate mechanicalness noise, reduce the exhaust emission and the black smoke (reducing exhaust gas emission 30～50%) of vehicle, effectively prevent because of machinery equipment, vehicle is outmoded or overload causes trembles combustion engine wet goods phenomenon;
(6) have extremely excellent thermostability, both can make mechanical means keep needed minimum temperature and smooth running during the broiling summer, can engine be started rapidly again, running be easy, and starting current is little.
(7) the close slip additive with other of this additive is compared; tribological property improves significantly; the selfreparing time shortens (under the friction pair clean conditions 20～60 minutes) significantly, can form high rigidity metallurgical binding metal/ceramic selfreparing gradient protective layer at the different metal surface of friction pair.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 friction pair antiwear and antifriction effect contrast figure: left figure uses conventional additives, and right figure uses slip additive of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the influence figure of metal-powder concentration to lubricating oil extreme pressure value, and transverse axis is Cu-Ni composite granule concentration/wt%, and the longitudinal axis is PB value/N.
Fig. 3 is the graph of a relation of wear scar diameter (WSD) and Cu-Ni composite granule add-on, and transverse axis is Cu-Ni composite granule add-on/wt%, and the longitudinal axis is wear scar diameter/mm.
Fig. 4 is load and the powder add-on figure that influences to frictional coefficient, and transverse axis is time/min, and the longitudinal axis is frictional coefficient/u.
Fig. 5 is the variation diagram of three kinds of long-time frictional coefficient of additive, and transverse axis is time/min, and the longitudinal axis is frictional coefficient/u
1# does not add the additive of Nano metal powder, and every liter of lubricating oil of 2# adds 2 gram metal nano micro-powder as additive, and every liter of lubricating oil of 3# adds 1 gram metal nano micro-powder as additive
Fig. 6 grinds the selfreparing Cu-Ni-Fe metallic membrane figure that the spot surface forms for using additive of the present invention after 8 minutes.
Embodiment:
Example 1: take by weighing metal nano copper powder 8.1g, nickel powder 0.9g, adopt multiple gun DC arc plasma method of evaporation to prepare the metal nano copper nickel composite powder that mean particle size is 54nm, taking by weighing oleic acid 2.5g adds among the 15W base oil 84g, add metal nano copper nickel composite powder again, with rotating speed is that 600～3000 rev/mins of high speed dispersors disperseed 15～60 minutes, in the metal nano dispersion liquid of gained, add Viscotrol C 3g, MoDDP 0.5g, T1540.5g, T2020.5g, grinding in ball grinder 20 minutes～2 hours, additive B, be metered into by every liter of lubricating oil containing metal nano powder 2 gram and be used for test in the Kia commercial vehicle lubricating oil, travelled 60000 kilometers before this car test, former long-term interpolation traditional lubrication additive, engine noise is big, vibration is big, lubricating oil turns black.Engine noise, vibration in about 20 minutes obviously reduce after injecting additive, power increases, but the 500 kilometers rear engine noises that travel increase again, through cleaned engine cylinder body former greasy filth and after more refilling additive B behind the oil change, engine noise, vibration obviously reduce, power increases, and the blue smoke in the tail gas also obviously reduces, oil-saving effect average out to 14.8%.
Example 2: at first, with serpentine 10.5g about broken and ball milling to 30 micron after, after snake stone flour and magnesium oxide 4.5g and sodium hexametaphosphate 3g, 15W base oil 70.8g weighing preparation, by planetary ball mill with ore powder ball milling to 80 nanometer after, add nanometer Ca (OH)
25g, Nano graphite powder 3g, nanometer Fe
2O
32g, nano Ce
2O
30.2g, obtain this additive A behind the further ball milling 120min of T501 1g.Containing nano ore micro mist 0.08 gram by every liter of lubricating oil is metered into and is used for test in the motorcycle lubricating oil, 25000 kilometers have been travelled before this car test, engine noise is big, vibration is big, be short of power, engine noise, vibration in about 20 minutes obviously reduce after injecting additive, engine obviously increases about 30 minutes, oil-saving effect average out to 12.6%.Travelling after 500 kilometers contains by every liter of lubricating oil that Nano metal powder 0.9 gram re-injects additive B (embodiment 1 is obtained) rear engine noise, vibration further reduces, and power further increases.
Example 3: with the additive A powder 40g in additive B 10g in the example 1 and the example (2) composite after, ball milling mixes preparation in 80 minutes and gets addition of C, add the mine with being used for test in the load-carrying lorry lubricating oil, also travelled about 150000 kilometers before the test of this car, engine noise is big, vibration is big, be short of power.Engine noise, vibration in about 40 minutes obviously reduce after injecting additive, and power increases, and the blue smoke in the tail gas obviously reduces, oil-saving effect average out to 15.6%.
Example 4: with the additive A powder 10g in additive B 40g in the example 1 and the example (2) composite after, ball milling mixes preparation in 80 minutes and gets addition of C, add and be used for test in the motorcycle lubricating oil, also travelled about 50000 kilometers before the test of this car, engine noise is big, vibration is big, be short of power.Engine noise, vibration in about 30 minutes obviously reduce after injecting additive; power increases, and the blue smoke in the tail gas obviously reduces, oil-saving effect average out to 15.2%; after travelling about 500 kilometers, repaired the smooth metal/ceramic protective layer of high rigidity black through dismounting discovery cylinder surface.
Example 5: at first, with serpentine 10g about broken and ball milling to 30 micron after and silane coupling agent 0.5g, sodium hexametaphosphate 2g, after the 15W base oil 70.8g weighing preparation, by planetary ball mill with ore powder ball milling to 50 nanometer after, add nanometer CaCO
33g, Fe
3O
41g, nanometer La
2O
30.2g, obtain this additive A behind the further ball milling 150min of T202 0.5g.Then, take by weighing metal nano copper powder 10.8g, nickel powder 6.3g, molybdenum powder 0.9g adopts multiple gun DC arc plasma method of evaporation to prepare the metal nano copper nickel molybdenum composite powder of mean particle size 60nm; Taking by weighing stearic acid 5g adds among the lubricating base oils 68.5g, add metal nano copper nickel molybdenum composite powder again, with rotating speed is that 2500 rev/mins of high speed dispersors disperseed 50 minutes, in the metal nano dispersion liquid of gained, add Ployethylene Wax 3g, MoDDP 0.5g, T106 2g, T154 2g, T504 1g, grinding in ball grinder 1 hour, additive B.The additive A that makes is contained nano ore micro mist 0.086 gram by every liter of lubricating oil to be metered into and to be used for test in Fiat's car lubricating oil, 61000 kilometers have been travelled before this car test, injection additive rear engine noise, vibration obviously reduce, power increases, exhaust emissions obviously reduces, and preceding 450 kilometers oil-saving effects just reach 11.6%.Travelling after 500 kilometers contains by every liter of lubricating oil that the Nano metal powder secondary injects additive B 1.5g rear engine noise, vibration further reduces, and power further increases.
Example 6: example 5 prepared additive A 30 are restrained; after additive B 70 grams are composite; ball milling mixes preparation in 100 minutes and gets addition of C; contain nano ore micro mist 0.096 gram by every liter of lubricating oil; containing metal nano powder 1 gram is metered into and is used for test in grinder head lubricating oil and the gear-box lubricating oil; used before this test nearly 20 years; two friction pair gaps have reached about 20 microns; noise is big; vibration is big; inject behind the additive after 17 hours; two place's friction pairs are all repaired the metal/ceramic protective layer; and the friction pair gap all returns to about 8 microns, noise; vibration obviously reduces, and part processing precision improves.
Example 7: take by weighing metal nano copper powder 6g, nickel powder 4g, adopt multiple gun DC arc plasma method of evaporation to prepare the metal nano copper nickel composite powder that mean particle size is 60nm, taking by weighing oleic acid 2g adds among the 500SN83.4g, adding metal nano copper nickel composite powder again, is that 2000 rev/mins of high speed dispersors disperseed 50 minutes with rotating speed, adds Viscotrol C 3g in the metal nano dispersion liquid of gained, MoDDP 0.5g, nano Ce
2O
30.1g, T1540.5g, T202 0.5g, grinding in ball grinder 1 hour, additive B, after containing the Nano metal powder secondary and inject additive B 1g by every liter of lubricating oil, engine noise, vibration further reduce, power further increases.
The concrete implementation result of the present invention also has a lot, gives unnecessary details no longer one by one at this.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of metal/ceramic nano composite additive of self-rehabilitation is characterized in that by accounting for composite additive of self-rehabilitation gross weight 20～80% nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation A and by accounting for composite the forming of composite additive of self-rehabilitation gross weight 20～80% nano composite powder additive of self-rehabilitation B; Wherein the weight percentage of the component of nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation A and the shared additive A total amount of each component is as follows:
Natural crystal nano powder 10～30%,
Dispersion agent 2～5%,
Supplementary additive 3.2～15%,
Dispersion medium 50～84.8%;
The component of nano composite powder additive of self-rehabilitation B and the weight percentage of the shared additive B total amount of each component are as follows:
Metal nano composite powder 8～20%,
Dispersion agent 0.3～6%,
Stablizer 0.3～6%,
Antioxygen etching reagent 0.5～1%,
Properties modifier 0.3～5%,
Dispersion medium 67～80%.
2, composite additive of self-rehabilitation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the natural crystal nano powder is the nano powder mixture that natural serpentine or natural serpentine and the magnesium oxide that accounts for serpentine weight percent 5～30% obtain after processing, the powder mean particle size is 30～100nm.
3, composite additive of self-rehabilitation according to claim 1 is characterized in that dispersion agent is a kind of in Sodium hexametaphosphate 99, silane coupling agent, oleic acid, stearic acid or the German Disperbyk series dispersion agent at least.
4, composite additive of self-rehabilitation according to claim 1 is characterized in that other supplementary additive is anti-friction composition, catalyzer, friction pair detergent-dispersant additive and antioxygen etching reagent; Each ingredients constitute nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation weight percent is respectively anti-friction composition 0.5～4%; Catalyzer 0.2～5%, the friction pair detergent-dispersant additive: 2～5%, antioxygen etching reagent 0.5～1%.
5, composite additive of self-rehabilitation according to claim 4 is characterized in that anti-friction composition is a nanometer Fe
3O
4Or Nano graphite powder, its mean particle size is 30～60 nanometers; Catalyzer is nanometer Fe at least
2O
3, nano Ce
2O
3Or nanometer La
2O
3In a kind of, its mean particle size is 30～60 nanometers; The friction pair detergent-dispersant additive is nanometer CaCO
3Or nanometer Ca (OH)
2, its mean particle size is 30～100 nanometers.
6,, it is characterized in that the antioxygen etching reagent is T501, T202 or T504 according to claim 1 or 4 described composite additive of self-rehabilitation.
7, composite additive of self-rehabilitation according to claim 1 is characterized in that the weight percentage of metal nano composite powder component and each ingredients constitute metal nano composite powder total amount is respectively: copper powder≤100nm 40～90%, nickel powder≤60nm 10～60% and molybdenum powder≤60nm 0～30%.
8, composite additive of self-rehabilitation according to claim 1 is characterized in that stablizer is that one or both of the derivative of Viscotrol C or Ployethylene Wax are composite.
9, composite additive of self-rehabilitation according to claim 1 is characterized in that properties modifier is to contain a kind of in molybdenum extreme pressure anti-wear additives MoDDP, 106 purification agents, 154 dispersion agents, 406 oiliness improvers, 603 viscosity index modifiers or the 803A pour point depressant at least.
10, composite additive of self-rehabilitation according to claim 1 is characterized in that dispersion medium is lubricating base oils or basic lubricating grease; Wherein lubricating base oils is 500SN, 15W or 20W, and basic lubricating grease is a lithium base anti-attrition lubricating grease.
11, a kind of preparation method of composite additive of self-rehabilitation as claimed in claim 1 the steps include:
A. after will accounting for nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation A gross weight 10～30% natural crystal nano powders and accounting for additive A gross weight 2～5% dispersion agents and account for the preparation of additive A gross weight 50～84.8% dispersion medium, by ball mill with ore powder ball milling to 30～100 nanometers after, obtain nanometer natural crystal micro mist galling additive of self-rehabilitation A after adding the further ball milling of supplementary additive account for additive A gross weight 3.2～15%, dispersion, mixing 60～180min then;
B. will account for the adding of nano composite powder additive of self-rehabilitation B gross weight 0.3～6% dispersion agent accounts in the dispersion medium of additive B gross weight 67～80%, add again and account for additive B gross weight 8～20% nano metal composite granules and account for additive B gross weight 0.3～6% stablizer, after the high speed dispersor dispersion, the metal nano composite granule dispersion liquid of gained adds the properties modifier that accounts for additive B gross weight 0.5～1% antioxygen etching reagent and account for additive B gross weight 0.3～5%, in grinding in ball grinder, make nano composite powder additive of self-rehabilitation B;
C. with above-mentioned prepare account for composite additive gross weight 20～80% additive A and to account for composite additive gross weight 20～80% additive Bs composite, in ball mill or high-speed mixer, grind or stirred 60～120 minutes, make the metal/ceramic nano composite additive of self-rehabilitation.
12, preparation method according to claim 11 is characterized in that the rotating speed of step B high speed dispersion machine is 600～3000 rev/mins, and jitter time is 15～60 minutes, is 20 minutes～2 hours in the grinding in ball grinder time.
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