CN1760579A - 用于燃料电池中的液体和气体的管道*** - Google Patents
用于燃料电池中的液体和气体的管道*** Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1760579A CN1760579A CNA2005101086443A CN200510108644A CN1760579A CN 1760579 A CN1760579 A CN 1760579A CN A2005101086443 A CNA2005101086443 A CN A2005101086443A CN 200510108644 A CN200510108644 A CN 200510108644A CN 1760579 A CN1760579 A CN 1760579A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- fuel cell
- parts
- molding composition
- polyamide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenol Chemical compound C=C.OC=C UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- -1 PA 68 Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000572 Nylon 6/12 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006152 PA1010 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229940090248 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- NUVBSKCKDOMJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylparaben Chemical group CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NUVBSKCKDOMJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000221020 Hevea Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004067 bulking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DNSISZSEWVHGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanamide Chemical compound CCCC(N)=O DNSISZSEWVHGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003211 cis-1,4-polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004403 ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010228 ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920005676 ethylene-propylene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006017 homo-polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine cyanurate Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)N1 ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005435 mesosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- CKFGINPQOCXMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediol Chemical compound OCO CKFGINPQOCXMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTHCSWBWNVGEFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(N)=O LTHCSWBWNVGEFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005968 oxazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006884 silylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001935 styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/21—Anti-static
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
- B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/18—Fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
- Y10T428/31728—Next to second layer of polyamide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
- Y10T428/3175—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomer[s]
- Y10T428/31757—Polymer of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于燃料电池的管道***的部件，其特征在于，与所输送的介质相接触的最内层I是由聚酰胺模塑组合物制成，此外还存在至少一层选自下列的其它层：a)由其它聚酰胺模塑组合物制成的层II，b)由其中聚烯烃经官能化的模塑组合物制成的层III，c)由未经官能化的聚烯烃组成的聚烯烃模塑组合物制成的层IV，以及d)由EVOH模塑组合物制成的层V，该部件可低成本制备，并对所输送介质具有优良的阻挡作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于燃料电池的与液体和气体接触的管道***的部件。
背景技术
越来越严格的环境立法迫使汽车制造商去考虑一种新型驱动原理，因为NOx排放一直也是立法机构越发注视的问题。一种可能选用的驱动原理是燃料电池。
在现有技术中长期以来存在各种各样的燃料电池方案。其共同点是，向阳极室供入燃料和向阴极室供入空气或氧。这些反应物在电极上发生催化反应。作为燃料可使用氢、甲醇、乙二醇、甲烷、丁烷、高级烃等，但仅第一种燃料可产生如此高的电流密度，以使其能用于驱动汽车的在近室温下工作的燃料电池。其余的燃料仅在中温燃料电池或高温燃料电池中才能发生良好反应，但主要适于静态装置中。在从以甲醇或烃运行的燃料电池装置中取得电流的电驱动汽车中，该燃料通常要在转化装置中于较高温度下与水蒸汽反应以生成氢和二氧化碳，该反应气不含副产物一氧化碳，并将氢-CO2混合物导入阳极室。目前该“质子交换膜燃料电池”对此目的是有利的，在此电池中在含催化剂的多孔电极之间存在经水饱和的酸性离子交换膜。但为在移动式装置中应用还需对不用转化装置的甲醇的直接氧化进行研究。
至今，用于送入燃料的管道通常由不锈钢制造。但这类管道是昂贵的。
从JP 2002-213659中己知一种用于氢的管道，其由聚烯烃内层、EVOH中间层和聚酰胺外层组成。在这类层之间还己知存在有通常欠缺粘结的问题，其中涉及应用未经详述的粘合剂。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于燃料电池的管道***的部件，其对烃类、醇类和氢有改进的阻挡作用，且各层之间能相互牢固粘合。
此外还绝对确保基本上不会从管道***的材料中浸出能与电解质或阳极材料起反应的成分，从而防止催化剂中毒或有害的极化反应。
该目的是通过一种燃料电池管道***的部件解决的，在该部件中：
·与所输送的介质相接触的最内层I是由聚烯烃模塑组合物制成，
·此外还存在至少一层选自下列的其它层：
a)由其它聚酰胺模塑组合物制成的层II，
b)由经官能化的聚烯烃组成的模塑组合物制成的层III，
c)由其中聚烯烃未经官能化的聚烯烃模塑组合物制成的层IV，以及
d)由EVOH模塑组合物制成的层V。
这类部件例如是管或管状模制件，其可以是多层管，这时其最内层由聚酰胺模塑组合物制成。这类管或管状模制件可制成需要时可接着热成型的光滑管或制成波纹管。此外还有其中贮存有液体的这类构件如贮料罐。其它的部件例如是连结部件如所谓快速连接件、适配件、过滤件、泵的构件或阀的构件。
本发明的部件可借助于塑料加工的常规方法制备，例如通过共挤压(如多层管)、吹模成形或其特殊形式如负压吹模成形或其中预塑塑坯经共挤压的3D挤管制造、注塑及其特殊形式如流体注入技术或旋转烧结。
本发明的部件例如可具有从外向内的下列层结构：
II/I
II/粘附剂/I
III/II/粘附剂/I
IV/III/II/粘附剂/I
IV/粘附剂/I
II/V/II/粘附剂/I
II/III/V/III/II/粘附剂/I
III/I
II/III/I
IV/III/I
IV/III/VI/III/I
II/V/粘附剂/I
适用的聚酰胺是本领域技术人员己知的，并可以多种类型从市售购得。例如可应用PA 46、PA 66、PA 68、PA 610、PA 612、PA 88、PA 810、PA 1010、PA 1012、PA 1212、PA 6、PA 7、PA 8、PA 9、PA10、PA 11、PA 12、基于它们的共聚酰胺、分支的聚胺-聚酰胺共聚物以及它们的混合物。关于适用的均聚酰胺和共聚酰胺以及适用的聚胺-聚酰胺共聚物可参阅EP-A-1 216826以及EP-A-1 216823，其内容引此作为参考。
所使用的聚酰胺模塑组合物可含最大量约50重量％的添加剂，该添加剂选自冲击韧性橡胶和/或通常的助剂或附加料。
适于聚酰胺模塑组合物的冲击韧性橡胶属现有技术。该橡胶含从不饱和官能化合物衍生的官能基团，这些化合物或是共聚进主链中或接枝在主链上。最常用的是EPM橡胶或EPDM橡胶，其与马来酸酐呈径向接枝。这类橡胶也可与非官能化的聚烯烃如全同立构聚丙烯一起使用，如在EP-A-0683210中描述的。
此外，该模塑组合物还可含少量用以调节某些性能的助剂或附加料。例如颜料或填料如炭黑、二氧化钛、硫化锌、硅酸盐如全同立构的或层离的片状硅酸盐或碳酸盐；加工助剂如蜡、硬脂酸锌或硬脂酸钙；防火剂如氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝或蜜胺氰脲酸酯；玻璃纤维；抗氧化剂；UV稳定剂以及赋于产物抗静电特性或导电性的添加剂如碳纤维、石墨原纤、不锈钢制成的纤维或导电炭黑。后者对层I的模塑组合物是优选的。
在一种可能的实施方案中，该模塑组合物可含1-25重量％的增塑剂，优选2-20重量％，特别优选3-15重量％。
在聚酰胺中的增塑剂及其使用是己知的。适用于聚酰胺的增塑剂的概述可参看Gchter/Müller，Kunststoffadditive，C.HanserVerlag，第2版，第296页。
适合作为增塑剂的通常的化合物例如是在醇组分中含2-20碳原子的对羟基苯甲酸的酯或在胺组分中含2-12碳原子的芳基磺酸的酰胺，优选苯磺酸的酰胺。
在一种优选的实施方案中，层II的模塑组合物含增塑剂，但层I的模塑组合物不含增塑剂。
可能的增塑剂特别是对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸辛酯、对羟基苯甲酸异十六酯、甲苯磺酸正辛酰胺、苯磺酸正丁酰胺或苯磺酸-2-乙基己酰胺。
层III或层IV的聚烯烃例如是聚乙烯或聚丙烯。原则上可使用各种市售类的聚烯烃。如可便用高密度的、中密度的或低密度的线性聚乙烯、LDPE、全同立构的或无规立构的均聚丙烯、丙烯与乙烯和/或丁烯-1的无规共聚物、乙烯-丙烯嵌段共聚物等。该聚烯烃也可含冲击韧性成分如EPM橡胶或EPDM橡胶或SEBS。此外还可含通常的助剂和附加物。该聚烯烃也可按各种已知方法制备，如Ziegler-Natta法、Phillips法、可借助于金属茂或自由基机制。
可对层IV的模塑组合物相应于现有技术进行交联，以改进机械特性如冷冲击韧性、耐热变形性或易蠕变性、或可渗透性。该交联如可通过辐射交联或借助于含硅烷基的聚烯烃模塑组合物的湿交联进行。
适于层III的聚烯烃中所含的官能基例如是酸酐基、N-酰基内酰胺基、羧酸基、环氧基、噁唑啉基、三烷氧硅烷基或羟基。该官能基可通过合适单体与烯烃的共聚合引入或通过接枝反应引入。在接枝反应时，预先形成的聚烯烃以已知方式与不饱和的官能单体并优选与自由基给体在高温下反应。
EVOH是早就已知。它是由乙烯和乙烯基醇形成的共聚物，并有时也称为EVAL。共聚物中的乙烯含量通常为25-60摩尔％，特别是28-45摩尔％。从市售可得各种类型的这种共聚物。例如可参阅KurarayEVAL Europe公司的小册子“Introdction to Kuraray EVALTM Resins”，Version 1.2/9810。
EVOH通常经乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的皂化而制备。由于较好的可加工性，也可按本发明使用部分皂化的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物作为EVOH，这时皂化进行到至少60％，优选至少80％，特别优选至少90％。较好的可加工性也可通过混合聚乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯-聚乙酸乙烯酯共聚物或聚酰胺实现。此外该EVOH模塑组合物还可含现有技术已知的所有其它添加剂如片状硅酸盐。在模塑组合物中的EVOH的含量应至少为50重量％，优选至少60重量％，特别优选至少75重量％，更特别优选至少90重量％。
适用于层I与层II粘结的粘附剂例如是由EP-A-1 216825中所知的，其内容引此作为参考。
适用于层I与层IV粘结的粘附剂例如是聚酰胺和聚烯烃或官能化的聚烯烃的混合物，需要时加有增容剂如聚胺/聚酰胺共聚物(EP-A-1 216823)。
适用于层I与层V粘结的粘附剂例如是由EP-A-1 216826中所知的，其内容引此作为参考。
所有这些粘附剂作为单独层存在，该层例如经与其余层共挤压而形成。
本发明的管道***或其各部件可低成本制备。此外其重量轻，这对移动性应用是有利的。
本发明还涉及一种含本发明部件的例如适于汽车驱动的燃料电池***。
Claims (6)
1.一种燃料电池管道***的部件，其特征在于，与所输送的介质相接触的最内层I是由聚酰胺模塑组合物制成，此外还存在至少一层选自下列的其它层：
a)由其它聚酰胺模塑组合物制成的层II，
b)由其中聚烯烃未经官能化的模塑组合物制成的层III，
c)由未经官能化的聚烯烃组成的聚烯烃模塑组合物制成的层IV，以及
d)由EVOH模塑组合物制成的层V。
2.权利要求1的燃料电池管道***的部件，其特征在于，其是多层管、贮料罐、连结部件、适配件、过滤件、泵的构件或阀的构件。
3.前述权利要求之一的燃料电池管道***的部件，其特征在于，所述聚酰胺模塑组合物基于选自下列的聚酰胺：PA 46、PA 66、PA 68、PA 610、PA 612、PA 88、PA 810、PA 1010、PA 1012、PA 1212、PA 6、PA 7、PA 8、PA 9、PA 10、PA 11、PA 12、基于此的共聚酰胺、分支的聚胺-聚酰胺共聚物以及它们的混合物。
4.前述权利要求之一的燃料电池管道***的部件，其特征在于，将层I的聚酰胺模塑组合物作成抗静电的。
5.一种燃料电池***，其含有上述权利要求之一的部件。
6.一种用于驱动汽车的燃料电池***，其含有权利要求1-4之一的部件。
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| DE102004048776A1 (de) * | 2004-10-07 | 2006-04-13 | Degussa Ag | Mehrschichtverbund mit EVOH-Schicht und Schutzschicht |
| DE102004063220A1 (de) * | 2004-12-29 | 2006-07-13 | Degussa Ag | Transparente Formmassen |
| DE102005007665A1 (de) | 2005-02-19 | 2006-08-31 | Degussa Ag | Folie auf Basis eines Polyamidblends |
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| DE102005051126A1 (de) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-05-03 | Degussa Gmbh | Folie mit Deckschicht aus einer Polyamidzusammensetzung |
| DE102006011493A1 (de) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-20 | Degussa Gmbh | Druckluftbremsleitung |
| ATE478762T1 (de) * | 2006-09-26 | 2010-09-15 | Dytech Dynamic Fluid Technolog | Mehrlagiges rohr zum leiten eines kraftstoffs in einem kraftfahrzeug |
| FR2909433B1 (fr) | 2006-11-30 | 2014-01-10 | Arkema France | Utilisation d'une structure multicouche pour la fabrication de conduites de gaz, notamment de methane. |
| JP5749254B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-01 | 2015-07-15 | ゲイツ コーポレイション | 低透過性の可撓性燃料ホース |
| US9592648B2 (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2017-03-14 | Gates Corporation | Low-permeation flexible fuel hose |
| WO2019122180A1 (de) | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Ems-Patent Ag | Kraftstoffleitung sowie verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendungen |
| EP3501820B1 (de) | 2017-12-22 | 2020-04-29 | EMS-Patent AG | Flexible kunststoffleitung sowie verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendungen |
| CH715732B1 (de) | 2017-12-22 | 2022-05-13 | Ems Chemie Ag | Leitfähige Polyamidformmasse und Verwendungen dafür. |
| DE102018213140A1 (de) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-02-06 | Aft Automotive Gmbh | Mehrschichtverbund sowie Fluidleitung |
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| DE10064333A1 (de) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | Degussa | Mehrschichtverbund mit einer EVOH-Schicht |
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- 2005-09-08 EP EP20050108232 patent/EP1645412A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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- 2005-10-10 CN CNA2005101086443A patent/CN1760579A/zh active Pending
- 2005-10-11 BR BRPI0504423 patent/BRPI0504423A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-10-11 KR KR1020050095415A patent/KR20060052174A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-10-11 US US11/246,206 patent/US20060099478A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| JP2006128101A (ja) | 2006-05-18 |
| BRPI0504423A (pt) | 2006-05-16 |
| EP1645412A1 (de) | 2006-04-12 |
| RU2005131130A (ru) | 2007-04-20 |
| KR20060052174A (ko) | 2006-05-19 |
| US20060099478A1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
| DE102004049653A1 (de) | 2006-04-20 |
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