CN1753289A - Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor - Google Patents
Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1753289A CN1753289A CN 200510100823 CN200510100823A CN1753289A CN 1753289 A CN1753289 A CN 1753289A CN 200510100823 CN200510100823 CN 200510100823 CN 200510100823 A CN200510100823 A CN 200510100823A CN 1753289 A CN1753289 A CN 1753289A
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Abstract
This invention relates to a double-salient pole reluctance hub motor including a body case composed of a mutually connected shell and a cover, a main shaft passes through the center of the body with its two ends braced on the body by bearings, a stator and a rotor are set in the body characterizing that said rotor and the stator are in the salient pole structure, in which, the rotor is a outer rotor, a centralized winding is set on the stator inserted with four permanent magnets, the rotor is processed by punching and laminating silicon-steel plates, the stator is set with 12N poles, the rotor is in 8N poles, the polar arc of the rotor is equal to that of the stator, the polar arc of the stator is 11/12 mechanical angle of the stator pole span, a position sensor is inserted in the body case and the permanent magnet is rare earth magnetic steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motor, be specifically related to a kind of Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor that is applied to motor vehicle.
Background technology
General common switched reluctance machines, structurally, it adopts the biconvex polar form, and promptly stator, rotor are the salient pole type structure; Stator coil adopts centralized rather than distributed winding; Be added in voltage on the stator winding and be discontinuous square wave and discontinuous sine wave.Rotor is only formed by silicon steel plate stacking, has not both had winding and has not also had permanent magnet, and each is wound with concentrated winding on extremely stator.The advantage that this common switched reluctance machines has is a lot:
1). the regular tap reluctance motor is simple in structure, and brushless and commutator are applicable to (more than 10000RPM) at a high speed, easily make the water-cooled blast resistance construction, need not safeguard basically.
2). good dynamic property, speed adjustable range is big, has the mechanical property of tandem motor, can reduce a grade number, handled easily.
3). the starting current of motor little (be rated value 30%), storage battery there is not impact, starting torque big (be rated value 150%) is suitable for heavy-load start.
4). brake torque is adjustable, and maximum braking torque is not less than electronic nominal torque.
5). all can keep high efficiency in the whole speed adjustable range.
6). have energy feedback function, in descending and brake process, mechanical energy is converted to electric energy, storage battery is charged.
7). the regular tap reluctance motor has multiple self-protection function, the reliability height.Power circuit is simple and reliable, and cost is lower, is fit to promote.
8). can require to realize speed adjustment system, torque modulation system, power regulating system or mix regulating system according to the overall power of vehicle.
But above-mentioned regular tap reluctance motor also has following shortcoming:
1). power of motor density is low
2). torque ripple is big
3). noise is big
4). need a large amount of transmission devices just can transfer energy on the wheel, thereby brought the huge of the product structure that is complementary with it.
And that the advantage of wheel hub motor is a manufacturing process is simple, easy to use, shortcoming is the control circuit complexity, control reliability is poor, motor and control system cost height, and energy conversion efficiency is low, be not suitable for doing powerful motor, and the permanent magnet that sticks on the shell comes off easily, and the starting current that need be several times as much as rated operational current could start, and is not suitable for being used for doing automobile and drives or any device that needs frequent starting.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome above-mentioned defective and the problem that existing motor exists, proposed a kind of simple in structure, torque/current ratio is big, noise is low, be easy to control, with the Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor of regular tap reluctance motor and wheel hub motor dual characteristics.
Technical scheme proposed by the invention is:
A kind of Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor, comprise the housing that the casing that is coupled to each other and end cap constitute, main shaft has been passed through at described housing center, its two ends with bearings on housing, the inside of housing is provided with stator and rotor, it is characterized in that: described stator and rotor are the salient pole type structure, and its rotor is an outer-rotor structure;
Concentrating on the described stator has winding and inlays 4 blocks of permanent magnetic materials;
Described rotor is overrided to form with silicon steel sheet or punching silicon-steel;
Described stator is established the 12N utmost point, rotor is established the 8N utmost point, N=1 wherein, and 2 ..., and the rotor polar arc equals the stator polar arc, and the stator polar arc is the II/12 mechanical angle of stator poles distance;
Described housing is embedded with Hall or two kinds of different position transducers of photoelectricity;
Described permanent magnetic material is a rare earth magnetic steel.
The present invention has simple in structure, and is non-maintaining, high efficiency, and the power density height, it is good to control flexible, wrong capacitive, good speed adjustment features, torque ripple is little, and noise is low, and the advantage that torque/current ratio is big can realize the torque/speed characteristic of various specific (special) requirements.Because of the feature of its existing common double-salient reluctance motor such as stator, rotor are the salient pole type structure, have again the feature of common wheel hub motor such as stator and rotor be outer-rotor structure promptly in the middle of for the stator outer ring be rotor, so it not only has all advantages of common reluctance motor, and moment/current ratio is little: during startup, only need the 15-30% of rated current can obtain the rated moment of 100-150%; The efficient height: in very wide velocity interval, its efficient 〉=85%, peak efficiency is higher than 90%; Do not have to start the dead angle: stator and rotor are 12/8 utmost point, i.e. stator 12 utmost points, rotor 8 utmost points, and the rotor polar arc equals the stator polar arc, and the optional position all can start; Noise is low, and the moment ripple is little; The stator polar arc is the II/12 mechanical angle of stator poles distance, has guaranteed that rotor overlap angle sum is constantly equal to the rotor polar arc, and is irrelevant with rotor-position, makes that the synthetic magnetic conductance of air gap is a constant, so there is not location torque; Electric current is realized quick commutation easily, owing to introduced thulium permanent magnet (title interstice), makes winding inductance reduce, and electric current commutates to become fast and is easy to; And outer-rotor structure: do not have reducing gear directly to drive, vehicle hub is fixed on the motor housing, can dismantle wheel hub easily; Be easy to control: the position transducer in the motor makes that the control of motor is more flexible; Simple in structure, firm: external rotor does not have winding, and just silicon steel sheet or punching silicon-steel are overrided to form, and concentrates winding and rare earth magnetic steel on the internal stator.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing switched reluctance machines figure;
Fig. 2 is existing wheel hub motor figure;
Fig. 3 is a structure cutaway view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the stator figure among the present invention.
Embodiment
Specify below in conjunction with accompanying drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the category of prior art, and wherein Fig. 1 is existing switched reluctance machines figure, and Fig. 2 is existing wheel hub motor figure.In Fig. 1, the outer ring is a stator 2, and concentrated winding 4 is arranged on the stator 2, and the centre is a rotor 3, rotor 3 no windings, and stator 2 and rotor 3 all do not have permanent magnetic material.Fig. 1 is for being 8/6 utmost point (the stator ends of the earth, rotor sextupole), four phase switch reluctance motor figure, and structurally, it adopts the biconvex polar form, and promptly stator, rotor are the salient pole type structure; Stator coil adopts centralized rather than distributed winding; Be added in voltage on the stator winding and be discontinuous square wave and discontinuous sine wave.Rotor is only formed by silicon steel plate stacking, has not both had winding and has not also had permanent magnet, and each is wound with concentrated winding on extremely stator.And among Fig. 2, mid portion has winding 4 as stator 2 on the stator 2, no permanent magnet; The outer ring is a rotor 3, post permanent magnet 11 on the rotor 3, advantage is that manufacturing process is simple, and is easy to use, shortcoming is the control circuit complexity, control reliability is poor, motor and control system cost height, and energy conversion efficiency is low, be not suitable for doing powerful motor, and the permanent magnet that sticks on the shell comes off easily, and the starting current that need be several times as much as rated operational current could start, and its characteristics are not suitable for being used for doing automobile and drive or any device that needs frequent starting.
Fig. 3 is a structure embodiment cutaway view of the present invention, and the motor of present embodiment is mainly used in the electric motor car.As shown in the figure, casing 1 that is connected mutually and end cap 7 have constituted a housing, housing internal stator 3 and rotor 2, wherein stator 3 and rotor 2 are that stator 3 outer rings are rotor 2 for outer-rotor structure promptly, and stator 3 and rotor 2 are the salient pole type structure, be provided with the main shaft 9 that two ends are supported with bearing 8 in the central shaft hole of motor, this main shaft 9 passes through in the housing center, support 6 is supporting trim ring 5, concentrated winding 4 is arranged on the stator 3 and inlay four rare earth permanent magnets, present embodiment middle rare earth permanent magnetic material is Na-Fe-B, 2 of rotors are overrided to form with silicon steel sheet or punching silicon-steel, and rotor does not have winding, and housing is embedded with Hall element 10, Hall element 10 makes that the control of motor is more flexible, and Hall element 10 can also be photoelectric sensor.Fig. 4 be the embodiment of the invention stator 3 structural representations, as we can see from the figure, four is that the permanent magnetism of material is evenly inlayed and is distributed in stator 3 inside with Na-Fe-B.
The present invention has simple in structure, and is non-maintaining, high efficiency, and the power density height, it is good to control flexible, wrong capacitive, good speed adjustment features, noise is low, the advantage that torque/current ratio is big.Can realize the torque/speed characteristic of various specific (special) requirements.
The present invention is directed to the electric motor car operation characteristic, be designed to outer-rotor structure,, reduce torque fluctuations and electromagnetic noise, improve power density, be designed to the 12N/8N utmost point in order to start in any position, N=1 wherein, 2 .....The N=1 of embodiment of the invention accompanying drawing, and make that stator 3 polar arcs are π/12 mechanical angles of stator 3 pole spans guarantees that stator and rotor overlap angle sum is constantly equal to rotor 2 polar arcs, and with rotor 2 location independents.Therefore, there is not location torque.
For vehicle stability and safety when running at high speed,, improve the ground ability of grabbing so need consider sufficient mechanical strength and deadweight during design of electrical motor.
This motor can adopt current chopping control (CCC) to realize permanent torque operation below basic speed, and the above multi-angle Position Control (APC) that adopts of base speed realizes output-constant operation.
By changing the Control current waveform, obtain control strategy flexibly.
During low speed, very little because of back-emf and reactance, electric current rises very fast, often electric current is carried out the copped wave amplitude limit, to realize permanent torque operation, at this moment, fixedly pilot angle comes controlling torque by changing current limit, during high speed, because winding reactance and permanent magnet induction electromotive force are all bigger, the current parameters value can be set in a steady state value, and come controlling torque by changing the angle of flow.
When passing to electric current to motor, along with the difference of rotor-position, the stator winding inductance changes and produces the reluctance torque component, and the reluctance torque that the inductance rising area produces descends and distinguishes to negative for just, so the mean value of every reluctance torque an inductance cycle is zero; Because the reluctance torque of this motor is zero at the mean value in an energising cycle, so the output torque of motor mainly provides by permanent-magnet torque, and the size of torque can realize by the size or the conducting interval width of control phase current.
The present invention has simple in structure, and is non-maintaining, high efficiency, and the power density height, it is good to control flexible, wrong capacitive, good speed adjustment features, the advantage that torque/current ratio is big.Can realize the torque/speed characteristic of various specific (special) requirements.Because of the feature of its existing common double-salient reluctance motor such as stator, rotor are the salient pole type structure, have again the feature of common wheel hub motor such as stator and rotor be outer-rotor structure promptly in the middle of for the stator outer ring be rotor, so it not only has all advantages of common reluctance motor, but also have following peculiar advantage:
1, moment/current ratio is little: during startup, only need the 15-30% of rated current can obtain the rated moment of 100-150%;
2, efficient height: in very wide velocity interval, its efficient 〉=85%, peak efficiency is higher than 90%;
3, do not have to start the dead angle: stator and rotor are 12/8 utmost point, i.e. stator 12 utmost points, rotor 8 utmost points, and the rotor polar arc equals to decide polar arc, and the optional position all can start;
4, noise is low, and the moment ripple is little;
5, the stator polar arc is the II/12 mechanical angle of stator poles distance, has guaranteed that rotor overlap angle sum is constantly equal to the rotor polar arc, and is irrelevant with rotor-position, makes that the synthetic magnetic conductance of air gap is a constant, and Gu Er does not have location torque;
6, electric current is realized quick commutation easily, owing to introduced thulium permanent magnet (title interstice), makes winding inductance reduce, and electric current commutates to become fast and is easy to;
7 and outer-rotor structure: do not have reducing gear directly to drive, car hub is fixed on the motor housing, can dismantle wheel hub easily;
8, be easy to control: the position transducer in the motor makes that the control of motor is more flexible;
9, simple in structure, firm: external rotor does not have winding, and just silicon steel sheet or punching silicon-steel are overrided to form, and concentrates winding and rare earth magnetic steel on the internal stator.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor, comprise the housing that the casing that is connected mutually and end cap constitute, enclosure interior has stator and rotor, be provided with the main shaft of two ends in the central shaft hole of motor with bearings, it is characterized in that: described stator and rotor are the salient pole type structure, and its rotor is an outer-rotor structure.
2, a kind of Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described stator has concentrated winding and inlays 4 blocks of permanent magnetic materials.
3, a kind of Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rotor forms with silicon steel sheet or silicon steel plate stacking.
4, a kind of Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described stator is established the 12N utmost point, rotor is established the 8N utmost point, N=1 wherein, and 2 ..., and the rotor polar arc equals the stator polar arc, and the stator polar arc is ∏/12 mechanical angles of stator poles distance.
5, a kind of Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described housing is embedded with position transducer.
6, a kind of Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described permanent magnetic material is a rare earth magnetic steel.
7, a kind of Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described position transducer is Hall element or photoelectric sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510100823 CN1753289A (en) | 2005-11-02 | 2005-11-02 | Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510100823 CN1753289A (en) | 2005-11-02 | 2005-11-02 | Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor |
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| CN1753289A true CN1753289A (en) | 2006-03-29 |
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| CN 200510100823 Pending CN1753289A (en) | 2005-11-02 | 2005-11-02 | Bisalient pole magnetic resistance wheel hub electric motor |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102457150A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-16 | 溧阳天力特种电机有限公司 | Permanent magnet double-salient-pole outer rotor hub electromotor specially for new energy electromobile |
| CN106712426A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-05-24 | 山东理工大学 | Independent five-phase permanent magnet wind driven generator |
| CN106787558A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-05-31 | 山东理工大学 | The magneto that a kind of high reliability start stop system is isolated with six |
| CN113422485A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-21 | 南京工程学院 | Two-channel switch reluctance fault-tolerant motor |
| CN114296231A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-08 | 谱诉光电科技（苏州）有限公司 | Dimming device and dimming method |
-
2005
- 2005-11-02 CN CN 200510100823 patent/CN1753289A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102457150A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-16 | 溧阳天力特种电机有限公司 | Permanent magnet double-salient-pole outer rotor hub electromotor specially for new energy electromobile |
| CN106712426A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-05-24 | 山东理工大学 | Independent five-phase permanent magnet wind driven generator |
| CN106787558A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-05-31 | 山东理工大学 | The magneto that a kind of high reliability start stop system is isolated with six |
| CN106712426B (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2019-01-18 | 山东理工大学 | Each mutually independent five phases permanent-magnetic wind driven generator |
| CN113422485A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-21 | 南京工程学院 | Two-channel switch reluctance fault-tolerant motor |
| CN114296231A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-08 | 谱诉光电科技（苏州）有限公司 | Dimming device and dimming method |
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