CN1731133A - Dynamic and static combined rock loading experiment method and apparatus - Google Patents

Dynamic and static combined rock loading experiment method and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1731133A
CN1731133A CN 200510032031 CN200510032031A CN1731133A CN 1731133 A CN1731133 A CN 1731133A CN 200510032031 CN200510032031 CN 200510032031 CN 200510032031 A CN200510032031 A CN 200510032031A CN 1731133 A CN1731133 A CN 1731133A
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China
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drift
bar
loading experiment
experiment method
combined rock
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CN100397063C (en
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李夕兵
周子龙
邓义芳
郑坚
李启月
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Central South University
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Central South University
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Abstract

The invention discloses an activity and inertia association loading rock mechanics experimental method and apparatus which press an equidirectional dead load and different intensity and time-delay impact load. The experimental apparatus comprises a fixed frame (9); the two ends of sampling unit (7) inside the fixed frame (9) separately arranges an incident bar (5) and a penetrating bar (8), wherein the out end of the penetrating bar (8) arranges an axial dead load charging device (11); the out end of the incident bar (5) arranges a thin pad (4) which has a punch (3), a punch sending mechanism (2) and a high pressure gas tank (1); the punch aims at the thin pad (4); the incident bar (5) and the penetrating bar (8) attaches the draft gauge (6).

Description

Sound combined rock loading experiment method and device
Technical field
The present invention is sound combined rock loading experiment method and device, belongs to rock mechanics experiment field.
Prior art
The mensuration of rock mechanics characteristic is all can't do without in the construction of any large-scale underground works, and the rock experiment is the important channel of understanding and assurance rock mechanics characteristic.Existing rock mechanics experimental technique and device have following characteristics:
1, static experiment.With INSTRON, MTS is that the rock mechanics experimental provision of representative can realize that rock static state arrives quasi-static experiment, is mainly used to obtain constitutive relation, compressive strength, tensile strength, the shearing strength of rock, conventional mechanics parameters such as elastic modulus, Poisson ratio.The experiment of this class mainly by hydraulic pressure to the rock imposed load, related experiment device and working specification are fairly perfect, use more at present.
2, dynamic experiment.With the Huo Bujinxun device is that the experimental provision of representative can be realized rock is applied strong dynamic load, be mainly used to measure rock in every dynamic performance parameter of high rate of strain section.
Yet, in the deep mining process, rock bears the engineering disturbance that high-ground stress and Blasting Excavation etc. produce, and it is subjected to force mode no longer is independent pure static load or pure dynamic load effect, but sound combination loading, this is that existing experimental technique and experimental provision do not have to consider.Realize rock sound combination loading experiment, not only can remedy the shortcoming of existing rock mechanics experimental technique, and can provide rock characteristic parameter accurately for the unstability and the Protective Research of deep rock mass engineering project.
Summary of the invention
The present invention separates the defective considered at existing rock mechanics experimental technique and device with static pressure and dynamic pressure according to rock loading characteristic in the deep mining, the sound combination loading experimental method and the device that provide a kind of its result and engineering reality more to meet.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of sound combined rock loading experiment method is characterized in that rock is applied the shock load of same direction static load and varying strength and time-delay.Its experimental provision comprises fixed frame, two ends of test specimen are respectively equipped with incident bar, transmission bar in the fixed frame, the outer end of transmission bar is provided with axial static pressure charger, the outer end of incident bar is provided with shim liner, be provided with drift, drift trigger mechanism and high pressure gas holder at the shim liner place, drift is aimed at shim liner, and data acquisition processing system is arranged in addition, and it is by being attached to the foil gauge image data on incident bar and the transmission bar.The test specimen position is provided with confining pressure device in the middle of described fixed frame.
Major advantage of the present invention is: the same direction sound combination that realizes sample under laboratory condition loads, and realizes optional confined pressure simultaneously; Can simulate the mechanical characteristic of deep rock mass better, make experimental result that practical meaning in engineering more be arranged, utilize the inverting designing institute to get drift simultaneously and can realize that the permanent rate of strain of rock sample loads, and obtains the accurate dynamic parameter of rock.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 loads the structural representation of rock mechanics experimental provision for sound combination of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the punch shape figure of the embodiment of the invention;
The oscillogram that Fig. 3 collects by the foil gauge that is attached on incident bar and the outgoing bar for data acquisition system (DAS);
Fig. 4 loads constitutive relation figure by the resulting rock sound combination of software processes.
Each label is represented among the figure:
1, high pressure gas holder 2, drift trigger mechanism
3, drift 4, shim liner
5, incident bar 6, foil gauge
7, sample 8, transmission bar
9, fixed frame 10, confining pressure device
11, axial static pressure charger 12, data acquisition processing system
Embodiment
Sound combined rock loading experiment method of the present invention is the shock load that rock is applied same direction static load and varying strength and time-delay.
As shown in Figure 1, the device of sound combined rock loading experiment method of the present invention, comprise fixed frame 9, two ends of test specimen are respectively equipped with incident bar 5, transmission bar 8 in the fixed frame 9, the outer end of transmission bar 8 is provided with axial static pressure charger 11, the outer end of incident bar 5 is provided with shim liner 4, be provided with drift 3, drift trigger mechanism 2 and high pressure gas holder 1 at shim liner 4 places, drift 3 is aimed at shim liner 4, data acquisition processing system 12 is arranged in addition, and it is by being attached to foil gauge 6 image data on incident bar 5 and the transmission bar 8.The test specimen position is provided with confining pressure device 10 in the middle of fixed frame 9.
Concrete principle of work (operation steps) is:
1, at shim liner 4, assisting down of fixed frame 9, incident bar 5 and transmission bar 8 applies axial static pressure by 11 pairs of samples 7 of axial static pressure charger, and can regulate the axial compression size according to testing requirements;
2, experimental needs apply the confined pressure of adjustable size by 10 pairs of samples 7 of confining pressure device;
3, penetrate mechanism 2 input gases at high pressure by plus high-pressure gas tank 1 hair that liquidates, drive drift 3 and advance;
4, drift 3 bump shim liners 4 and incident bar 5 realize that the sound combination of sample 7 loads;
5, by impacting the given shape drift that inversion method provides, can produce the semiperiod sine wave, thereby realize the permanent rate of strain of sample 7 is loaded, typical drift 3 shape and size as shown in Figure 2, the interlude of drift 3 is cylindric, and head and afterbody are conical, and its cylindrical section diameter is 75mm, the head end diameter is 26mm, and the tail end face diameter is 10mm.The length of drift 3 is L, and head length is 8L/27, and the middle circle shell of column is 5L/27, and afterbody is long to be 14L/27.Drift 3 length L are 540mm.
6, data acquisition processing system 12 carries out aftertreatment by foil gauge 6 image data that are attached on incident bar 5 and the transmission bar 8.
Embodiment
1 preparation sample: diameter 70mm, long 35mm
2. lay sample, add confined pressure 20MPa, add axial static pressure 10MPa
3. mix up data acquisition system (DAS), wait for and triggering
4. charge into gases at high pressure by high pressure gas holder 1 to drift trigger mechanism 2
5. open the switch on the drift trigger mechanism 2, drift 3 impacts incident bar 5, stress wave activity sample 7 and transmission bar 8 under gases at high pressure promote.Simultaneously, data acquisition processing system 12 is realized data acquisition by the foil gauge 6 that is attached on incident bar 5 and the transmission bar 8; The waveform that collects as shown in Figure 3.
6. with special data processing software the data waveform is handled, the constitutive relation (as shown in Figure 4) and other correlation parameter that obtain sample under the sound combination loading environment are as shown in the table.
Other rock sound that is obtained by software makes up loading performance parameter list
Average?strain?rate(1/s)=47.63
Peak?Stress(MPa)=222.44
Strain?rate?at?Peak(1/s)=47.40
Absorbed?energy/vol.(J/cm^3)=1.41
Absorbed?energy/vol.at?peak(J/cm^3)=0.62
Total?absorbed?energy(J)=188.32
Total?incident?energy(J)=702.03
Total?reflected?energy(J)=29.20
Total?transmitted?energy(J)=484.51
Absorbed?energy?at?peak(J)=82.10
Incident?energy?at?peak(J)=346.85
Reflected?energy?at?peak(J)=19.52
Transmitted?energy?at?peak(J)=245.23
Time?at?peak(us))=111.00

Claims (7)

1, a kind of sound combined rock loading experiment method is characterized in that rock is applied the shock load of same direction static load and varying strength and time-delay.
2, a kind of device of the combined rock loading experiment method of sound according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it comprises fixed frame (9), two ends of the interior test specimen of fixed frame (9) (7) are respectively equipped with incident bar (5), transmission bar (8), the outer end of transmission bar (8) is provided with axial static pressure charger (11), the outer end of incident bar (5) is provided with shim liner (4), locate to be provided with drift (3), drift trigger mechanism (2) and high pressure gas holder (1) at shim liner (4), drift is aimed at shim liner (4), posts foil gauge (6) on incident bar (5) and transmission bar (8).
3, the device of sound combined rock loading experiment method according to claim 2 is characterized in that the test specimen position is provided with confining pressure device (10) in the middle of fixed frame (9).
4, according to the device of claim 2 or 3 described sound combined rock loading experiment methods, the centre that it is characterized in that described drift (3) is cylindric, and head and afterbody are conical.
5, the device of sound combined rock loading experiment method according to claim 4 is characterized in that described drift (3) cylindrical section diameter is 75mm, and the head end diameter is 26mm, and the tail end face diameter is 10mm.
6, the device of sound combined rock loading experiment method according to claim 5 is characterized in that described drift (3) length is L, and head length is 8L/27, and the middle circle shell of column is 5L/27, and afterbody is long to be 14L/27.
7, the device of sound combined rock loading experiment method according to claim 6 is characterized in that described drift (3) length L is 540mm.
CNB2005100320316A 2005-08-18 2005-08-18 Dynamic and static combined rock loading experiment method and apparatus Active CN100397063C (en)

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