CN1723758A - Cordyceps sinensis mycelium and its prepn. method - Google Patents
Cordyceps sinensis mycelium and its prepn. method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1723758A CN1723758A CN 200510014467 CN200510014467A CN1723758A CN 1723758 A CN1723758 A CN 1723758A CN 200510014467 CN200510014467 CN 200510014467 CN 200510014467 A CN200510014467 A CN 200510014467A CN 1723758 A CN1723758 A CN 1723758A
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Abstract
A health-care food, cordyceps sinensis, is prepared through liquid fermenting to obtain the mycelia of cordyceps, culturing in the culture medium (barley grains or oatmeal), solid fermenting and baking. Its advantages are high nutritive value and low cost.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to novel healthy food and technology of preparing, relate to the oatmeal and the technology of preparing thereof that contain aweto mycelium.
Background technology:
Along with improving constantly of living standard, living scienceization is subjected to people's attention, and green health care food is well received.Cordyceps sinensis (Cordyceps sinensis) is a kind of high-quality macro fungi that integrates edible, medicinal, keeps healthy, contain crude protein 25.32%, fat 8.4%, raw fiber 18.53%, carbohydrate 28.9%, ash content 4.1%, moisture 10.80%, reports such as Lv Ruijing separate obtaining uracil, adenine, adenosine, bacterium sugar, mannitol, stearic acid from Cordyceps sinensis.A large amount of pharmacological evaluation show, Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide class material has multiple effect, conclude and get up to have 12 big functions: body's immunological function is improved and promoted in (1), Cordyceps sinensis can obviously be accelerated the clean up speed of body to colloid carbon granule in the blood, improve the phagocytic index and the phagocytic percentage of White Rabbit and big white mouse peritoneal macrophage, increase the phagocytic index and the phagocytic percentage of liver, splenic macrophage; (2) to the calmness and the anticonvulsion function of nervous centralis; (3) antitumor action, (6 (%) have the obvious suppression effect to tumours such as mouse EC, S-180 sarcoma, Lewis lung cancer, MA-737 breast cancer to the ethanol extract of Cordyceps sinensis; (4) resisting pathogenic microbes; (5) the chronic kidney hypofunction animal model is had the effect of urine protein reducing and serum creatinine, urea oxygen, can also reduce the lethality of animal model, improve the anaemia situation; (6) anti-inflammatory function; (7) function of adjusting cardiovascular system: a Cordyceps sinensis water extract has the function of stronger coronary artery dilator to small white mouse, b can reduce myocardial consumption of oxygen, c has tangible central inhibitory action and anti-arrhythmia cordis effect, anesthesia has tangible hypotensive effect greatly to d to carbrital, the e Cordyceps extract can promote the big white mouse platelet aggregation and play anastalsis that its alcohol extract can suppress the big white mouse thrombosis; (8) function of promotion organism metabolism; (9) sound and promotion respiratory system function; (10) promote the hemopoietic system function, Cordyceps sinensis has significant protective effect to animal decrease of platelet and the spleen atrophy that radiation causes; (11) regulate endocrine function; (12) in addition, Cordyceps sinensis also obviously has antifatigue, anoxia enduring, high temperature resistant and cold service in to the experiment of animal.But up to now, the macro fungi cordyceps sporophore is difficult to artificial culture, costs an arm and a leg, and market is in short supply, and the artificial culture of cordyceps sporophore also is in the tackling key problem stage.Studies show that aweto mycelium through fermentation on chemical composition, pharmacological action and clinical effectiveness with the basically identical of natural cordyceps fruit body.Nutritive value is very high.
Oat is compared with other all kinds of grains, has higher, more comprehensive nutritive value, and the protein content of oat reaches 16%.Contain 18 seed amino acids in these protein, wherein 8 kinds is essential amino acid, human body availability height.Fat content in the oat is 8.5%, and contains extremely abundant linoleic acid, and its content is more than 45% of unsaturated fatty acid, and effect for reducing blood fat is arranged, in addition, and V in the oat
B1, V
B2, V
E, calcium, phosphorus, iron equal size all is higher than 5～8 times of other cereals, especially contains abundant senior dietary fiber in the oat, accounts for about 7% of itself weight, is more than 20 times of rice.Modern medicine circle has carried out clinical testing widely, and the result shows that the often edible oats flakes that is processed into by oat has obvious curative effects to hypertension, angiocardiopathy, diabetes etc.Nutrition such as barley, wheat, naked oats, naked oats or highland barley are also very abundant, and still, they only contain nutrient separately, the two composite health care food that combines with itself and aweto mycelium, and promptly the aweto mycelium oatmeal does not appear in the newspapers.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention seeks to excavate the potential of this Chinese nation's rarity of Cordyceps sinensis at the problem that the macro fungi cordyceps sporophore is difficult to artificial culture, costs an arm and a leg, market is in short supply.By optimization formula, liquid fermentation technology and solid-fermented technique are combined, with aweto mycelium and wheat or oats flakes perfect adaptation, make a kind of new product; Thereby the nutrition that this food collection Cordyceps sinensis and oat are had separately is all over the body, forms a kind of distinctive composite health care food, forms a kind of distinctive compound aweto mycelium oatmeal health food; And then improved the food class, meet the new concept of " natural, nutrition, health " 21st century food.
Technical scheme:
Cordyceps sinensis (Cordyceps sinensis) mycelium oatmeal is to be bacterial classification with the aweto mycelium that obtains through liquid fermentation, is medium with wheat or oatmeal, again the tunning that forms through solid fermentation; Its figure is to be core with wheat or oatmeal, and Cordyceps sinensis white hypha body adheres to and is wrapped on wheat or the oatmeal, forms the combination of aweto mycelium and wheat.
Wherein oatmeal or wheat be except that oat, and be also optional from barley, wheat, oat, naked oats, naked oats or highland barley.
The preparation method of aweto mycelium oats flakes is to be bacterial classification with the aweto mycelium that obtains through liquid fermentation, is medium with wheat or oatmeal, again the tunning that forms through solid fermentation; Its concrete steps are as follows:
Liquid fermentation:
System is dull and stereotyped, and picking aweto mycelium tip is inoculated on this flat board, in 24 ℃～27 ℃ cultivations, purifies repeatedly and cultivates, and obtains healthy and strong mycelium; After the purification and rejuvenation of Cordyceps sinensis mother kind, it is numerous to carry out the expansion of mother's kind, promptly makes through shake-flask culture, seed tank culture or a production jar fermented and cultured;
The used medium of liquid fermentation is:
Glucose 25g, peptone 4g, corn steep liquor, dusty yeast 4g, calcium carbonate 1.0g, KH
2PO
41.5g, dissolving fully, constant volume 1000ml, pH nature, 0.010MPa/cm
230min is standby in sterilization, and wherein corn steep liquor is to add water to the extracted filtrate that 1500ml boils 25min～30min gained by the 5g maize pulp;
Or use glucose 30g, corn and potato pulp, dusty yeast 4g, calcium carbonate 1.0g, KH
2PO
41.5g, MgSO
4.7H
2O 1.5g, V
B14mg, dissolving fully, constant volume 1000ml, pH nature, 0.010MPa/cm
230min is standby in sterilization, and wherein corn and potato pulp are by the 50g maize pulp, and 200 peeling potatoes go the stripping and slicing of bud, add water to the extracted filtrate that 1500ml boils the 30min gained;
Cordyceps sinensis liquid fermentation specific practice is:
Under aseptic condition, in the picking culture dish, through the Cordyceps sinensis bacterium colony mycelium tip of rejuvenation, a small amount of multiple spot is inoculated in the liquid culture primary surface, leave standstill dark cultivation 48h, after be transferred to 25 ℃～28 ℃ shaking tables and cultivate, its rotating speed is 70r～90r/min, passing along with incubation time, produce a large amount of white hypha fragments in the medium,, stop cultivating through 7d～10d culture fluid clarification, promptly get liquid fermentate, 10 ℃ storage is standby down.
When a seeding tank or production jar cultivation is amplified step by step, get above-mentioned standby liquid fermentate and inoculate, inoculum concentration is 20%, be transferred to 25 ℃～27 ℃ shaking tables then and cultivate, rotating speed 70r～90r/min is through 7d～10d culture fluid clarification, stop cultivating, storage is standby down in 10 ℃ promptly to get liquid fermentate.
Solid fermentation:
Soak wheat, make the water surface exceed wheat surface 2cm, soak 8h～9h, water is changed once in the centre, and wheat is expanded.Then with flushing with clean water to free from extraneous odour, and relative air humidity 55%～70% time, draining, spread air-dry surface moisture out; Or spray water is sprayed on oatmeal; making wheat or oatmeal water content is 45%～55%; the pH nature, bottling is behind 0.010MPa sterilization 60min; insert on the above-mentioned standby liquid fermentate under the room temperature; access amount 40ml/ bottle under 22 ℃～26 ℃ conditions, is secretly cultivated; simultaneously every 3d vibration is shaken bottle once, till fully scattering to wheat.Through 12d～15d, aweto mycelium stops cultivating during with wheat or oatmeal parcel.
Solid fermentation:
Soak wheat, make the water surface exceed wheat surface 2cm, soak 8h～9h, water is changed once in the centre, and just wheat expands.Then with flushing with clean water to free from extraneous odour, and relative air humidity 55%～70% time, draining, spread air-dry surface moisture out; Or spray water is sprayed on oatmeal; making wheat or oatmeal water content is 45%～55%; the pH nature, bottling is behind 0.010MPa sterilization 60min; insert on the above-mentioned standby liquid fermentate under the room temperature; access amount 40ml/ bottle under 22 ℃～26 ℃ conditions, is secretly cultivated; simultaneously every 3d vibration is shaken bottle once, till fully scattering to wheat.Through 12d～15d, aweto mycelium stops cultivating during with wheat or oatmeal parcel.
The finished product preparation
Under aseptic condition, solid culture is taken out, respectively under 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃ conditions, heat up and dry, make water content be not more than 18%, advance the flaking machine grinding forming then, its used pressure is 0.4～0.5T/cm, dry again to water content be 10%, the mass ratio of mycelium and medium is no less than 1: 61.5, carries out asepsis vacuum packing at last.
Wherein used oatmeal or wheat are except that oat, and be also optional from barley, wheat, oat, naked oats, naked oats or highland barley etc.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention is directed to the problem that the macro fungi cordyceps sporophore is difficult to artificial culture, costs an arm and a leg, market is in short supply, excavate the potential of this Chinese nation's rarity of Cordyceps sinensis.By optimization formula, liquid fermentation technology and solid-fermented technique are combined, aweto mycelium with wheat or oatmeal is perfect combines, is made a kind of new product; Thereby the nutrition that this food collection Cordyceps sinensis and oat are had separately is all over the body, forms a kind of distinctive composite health care food, and then has improved the food class.This invention meets the new concept of " natural, nutrition, health " 21st century food.Preparation technology of the present invention is simple.For health food has increased new designs and varieties.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the process chart of preparation aweto mycelium oatmeal.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done to specify, but should not limit the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1:(is the solid fermentation medium with the oat grain)
One. the liquid fermentation and culture of aweto mycelium
Fig. 1 prepares the process chart of Cordyceps sinensis (Cordyceps sinensis) mycelium oatmeal for the present invention.1-2 in Fig. 1 is capable, is the liquid fermentation process flow process of aweto mycelium.Specific practice is as follows:
1. female kind of Cordyceps sinensis purificated and rejuvenated
With potato 200g stripping and slicing and 1500ml water boil 30min, get leaching liquor and glucose 20g, peptone 5g, KH
2PO
43g, MgSO
4.7H
2O 1.5g, V
B14mg and agar 20g mix, and fusing is settled to 1000ml with distilled water, pH6～7 then fully.Again with 0.010MPa/cm
2Sterilization 30min, standby.
System is dull and stereotyped, and picking mycelium (available from academy of agricultural sciences, Shanghai edible mushroom research institute) tip is inoculated on this flat board, and 25 ℃ (± 1 ℃) is cultivated, and purifies repeatedly and cultivates, and it is standby to obtain healthy and strong mycelium.
2. Cordyceps sinensis (Cordyceps sinensis) mycelium liquid fermented and cultured
Medium: glucose 25g, peptone 4g, corn steep liquor (the 5g maize pulp adds water to the leaching liquor that 1500ml boils 25min), dusty yeast 4g, calcium carbonate 1.0g, KH
2PO
41.5g, dissolve back constant volume 1000ml fully, the pH nature.
Liquid fermentation medium sterilization: medium is respectively charged into the 250ml conical flask, and every bottled amount is 50ml, puts into 20 of the beades of Φ 5mm in the lump, in the portable High pressure steam sterilizer of YXQGO2, through 0.010MPa/cm
2Sterilization 30min.
Liquid fermentation and culture: under the aseptic condition, Cordyceps sinensis bacterium colony mycelium tip in the picking culture dish after rejuvenation, a small amount of multiple spot is inoculated in the liquid culture primary surface, leave standstill dark cultivation 48h, after be transferred to 25 ℃ of (± 1 ℃) shaking tables and cultivate rotating speed 70r/min, passing along with incubation time, produce a large amount of white hypha fragments in the medium, the clarification of 10d culture fluid stops cultivating.
Seeding tank (50L) amplification culture, inoculum concentration is 20%, and the clarification of 12d culture fluid stops cultivating, and storage is standby down in 10 ℃.
Two. solid fermentation is cultivated
In Fig. 1, after the 3rd row, be solid culture medium solid fermentation culture technology flow process.Specific practice is as follows:
Solid culture medium: choose when the no breakage of producing per year is gone mouldy, the oat of uniform particles, glossy, full seed, place rustless steel container, add water and make it to surpass oat surface 2cm, soak 8h, wherein change water once, its oat grain is fully expanded, then with flushing with clean water to free from extraneous odour, draining is spread air-dry table out and moisture (relative air humidity 55%), make water content be 40% after, charging net weight 150g/250ml bottle.Wipe clean internal orifice place and appearance at last, shake up and add tampon and bag paper seals, the pH nature, under 0.010Mpa, sterilization 60min.
Solid fermentation is cultivated: insert liquid spawn, the about 40ml/ bottle of access amount is secretly cultivated under 26 ℃ of conditions, and this moment, every 3d vibration was shaken bottle once, and till fully scattering to oat grain, about 15d aweto mycelium wraps up oat grain, stops cultivating.
Three. the finished product preparation
Under the aseptic condition, solid culture is taken out, under 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃ conditions, heat up and dry respectively, oven dry to its water content equals 18%, advances flaking machine compressing tablet shaping (flaking machine roller footpath 500mm; Roll gap pressure is 0.5T/cm; The roller spacing can be adjusted to 0.50cm; The circulating condensing water cooling is rolled hot material roller.), dry again to water content be 10%, mycelium is about 1.6% of fermentation product, asepsis vacuum packing.
Embodiment 2:(is the solid fermentation medium with the oatmeal)
One. the liquid fermentation and culture of aweto mycelium
1. female kind of Cordyceps sinensis purificated and rejuvenated
System is dull and stereotyped, and picking aweto mycelium tip is inoculated on this flat board, and 27 ℃ (± 1 ℃) is cultivated, and purifies repeatedly and cultivates, and it is standby to obtain healthy and strong mycelium.
2. aweto mycelium liquid fermentation and culture
Medium: glucose 30g, corn and potato pulp (50g maize pulp, 200 peeling potatoes go the stripping and slicing of bud, add water to 1500ml and boil 30min and get leaching liquor), dusty yeast 4g, calcium carbonate 1.0g, KH
2PO
41.5g, MgSO
4.7H
2O 1.5g, V
B14mg, the pH nature.
Liquid fermentation medium sterilization: medium is respectively charged into the 250ml conical flask, and every bottled amount is 50ml, puts into 20 of the beades of Φ 5mm in the lump, in the portable High pressure steam sterilizer of YXQGO2, through 0.010MPa/cm
2Sterilization 30min.
Liquid fermentation and culture: under the aseptic condition, Cordyceps sinensis bacterium colony mycelium tip in the picking culture dish, a small amount of multiple spot is inoculated in the liquid culture primary surface, leave standstill dark cultivation 48h, after be transferred to 26 ℃ of (± 1 ℃) shaking tables and cultivate, rotating speed 90r/min is along with the passing of incubation time, produce a large amount of white hypha fragments in the medium
7dThe culture fluid clarification stops cultivating.
Produce jar (100L) amplification culture, inoculum concentration is 20%, and the clarification of 12d culture fluid stops cultivating, and 10 ℃ storage is standby down.
Two. solid fermentation is cultivated
Solid culture medium: choosing fresh oatmeal is that raw material is done medium, surface spray shape water, making its water content is 35%, charging dry weight 150g/250ml bottle is wiped clean internal orifice place and appearance, shake up to add tampon and bag paper seals, pH naturally, the 0.010MPa 60min that sterilizes.
Solid fermentation is cultivated: secretly cultivate under 22 ℃ of conditions, this moment, every 3d vibration was shaken bottle once, and till oat grain was fully scattered, about 12d aweto mycelium wrapped up oat grain, stopped cultivating.
Three. the finished product preparation
Under the aseptic condition, 0.5T/cm; The roller spacing can be adjusted to 0.50cm; The circulating condensing water cooling is rolled hot material roller.) grinding forming, dry again to water content be 10%, mycelium is the about 1.6% of fermentation product, asepsis vacuum packing.
Other is with embodiment 1.
Claims (4)
1. Cordyceps sinensis (Cordyceps sinensis) mycelium oatmeal is characterized in that it is is bacterial classification with the aweto mycelium that obtains through liquid fermentation, is medium with wheat or oatmeal, again the tunning that forms through solid fermentation; Its figure is to be core with wheat or oatmeal, and Cordyceps sinensis white hypha body adheres to and is wrapped on wheat or the oatmeal, forms the combination of aweto mycelium and wheat.
2. according to the described aweto mycelium oatmeal of claim 1, it is characterized in that its wheat or oatmeal are selected from barley, oat, wheat, naked oats, naked oats or highland barley.
3. the preparation method of the described aweto mycelium oatmeal of claim 1 is characterized in that the aweto mycelium to obtain through liquid fermentation is a bacterial classification, is medium with wheat or oatmeal, again the tunning that forms through solid fermentation; Its concrete steps are as follows:
Liquid fermentation:
System is dull and stereotyped, and picking aweto mycelium tip is inoculated on this flat board, in 24 ℃～27 ℃ cultivations, purifies repeatedly and cultivates, and obtains healthy and strong mycelium; After the purification and rejuvenation of Cordyceps sinensis mother kind, it is numerous to carry out the expansion of mother's kind, promptly makes through shake-flask culture, seed tank culture or a production jar fermented and cultured;
The used medium of liquid fermentation is:
Glucose 25g, peptone 4g, corn steep liquor, dusty yeast 4g, calcium carbonate 1.0g, KH
2PO
41.5g, dissolving fully, constant volume 1000ml, pH nature, 0.010MPa/cm
230min is standby in sterilization, and wherein corn steep liquor is to add water to 1500ml by the 5g maize pulp, boils the extracted filtrate of 25min～30min gained;
Or use glucose 30g, corn and potato pulp, dusty yeast 4g, calcium carbonate 1.0g, KH
2PO
41.5g, MgSO
4.7H
2O1.5g, V
B14mg, dissolving fully, constant volume 1000ml, pH nature, 0.010MPa/cm
230min is standby in sterilization, and wherein corn and potato pulp are by the 50g maize pulp, 200 peeling potatoes, and the stripping and slicing of removing bud adds water to the extracted filtrate that 1500ml boils the 30min gained;
Cordyceps sinensis liquid fermentation specific practice is:
Under aseptic condition, in the picking culture dish, through the Cordyceps sinensis bacterium colony mycelium tip of rejuvenation, a small amount of multiple spot is inoculated in the liquid culture primary surface, leave standstill dark cultivation 48h, after be transferred to 25 ℃～28 ℃ shaking tables and cultivate, its rotating speed is 70r～90r/min, passing along with incubation time, produce a large amount of white hypha fragments in the medium,, stop cultivating through 7d～10d culture fluid clarification, promptly get liquid fermentate, 10 ℃ storage is standby down.
When a seeding tank or production jar cultivation is amplified step by step, get above-mentioned standby liquid fermentate and inoculate, inoculum concentration is 20%, be transferred to 25 ℃～27 ℃ shaking tables then and cultivate, rotating speed 70r～90r/min is through 7d～10d culture fluid clarification, stop cultivating, promptly get liquid fermentate, storage is standby down in 10 ℃.
Solid fermentation:
Soak wheat, make the water surface exceed wheat surface 2cm, soak 8h～9h, water is changed once in the centre, and wheat is expanded.Then with flushing with clean water to free from extraneous odour, and relative air humidity 55%～70% time, draining, spread air-dry surface moisture out; Or spray water is sprayed on oatmeal; making wheat or oatmeal water content is 45%～55%; the pH nature, bottling is behind 0.010MPa sterilization 60min; insert on the above-mentioned standby liquid fermentate under the room temperature; access amount 40ml/ bottle under 22 ℃～26 ℃ conditions, is secretly cultivated; simultaneously every 3d vibration is shaken bottle once, till fully scattering to wheat.Through 12d～15d, aweto mycelium stops cultivating during with wheat or oatmeal parcel.
The finished product preparation
Under aseptic condition, solid culture is taken out, respectively under 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃ conditions, heat up and dry, make water content be not more than 18%, then grinding forming, its used pressure is 0.4～0.5T/cm, dry again to water content be 10%, the mass ratio of mycelium and medium is no less than 1: 61.5, carries out asepsis vacuum packing at last.
4. according to the preparation method of the described aweto mycelium oatmeal of claim 1, it is characterized in that wheat or oatmeal also can be selected from barley, oat, wheat, naked oats, naked oats or the highland barley except that oat.
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| CN101695257B (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-03-30 | 上海芝草生物技术有限公司 | Solid fermentation method for cordyceps sinensis |
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| CN102612984A (en) * | 2012-03-10 | 2012-08-01 | 何寒 | Method for preparing cordyceps sinensis mycelia with fresh and tender sweet corn |
| CN102612984B (en) * | 2012-03-10 | 2013-09-04 | 何寒 | Method for preparing cordyceps sinensis mycelia with fresh and tender sweet corn |
| CN102823806A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2012-12-19 | 王永显 | Method for producing fermented oatmeal using Cordyceps militaris |
| CN102823806B (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2013-09-25 | 王永显 | Method for producing fermented oatmeal using Cordyceps militaris |
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| CN103932032A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-23 | 杨文学 | Preparation method of biological wheat flour containing cordyceps sinensis |
| CN103932032B (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-08-26 | 杨文学 | Biological flour preparation method containing Cordyceps sinensis |
| CN104686200A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-10 | 江南大学 | Cordyceps sinensis gorgon fruits |
| CN104686199A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-10 | 江南大学 | Cordyceps sinensis highland barley |
| CN104686205A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-10 | 江南大学 | Cordyceps sinensis oats |
| CN104686201A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-10 | 江南大学 | Cordyceps sinensis teff |
| CN104823689A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-08-12 | 江南大学 | Cordyceps millet |
| CN104823692A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-08-12 | 江南大学 | Ophiocordyceps sinensis wheat |
| CN105124562A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-09 | 福建农林大学 | Preparation method of cordyceps militaris-adlay instant tablet |
| CN105875196A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-24 | 林长勇 | Culture medium for culturing phellinus igniarius mycelium and culture method of phellinus igniarius mycelium |
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