CN1723008A - 包含不规则形状颗粒和球状颗粒的个人清洁组合物 - Google Patents
包含不规则形状颗粒和球状颗粒的个人清洁组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1723008A CN1723008A CNA2004800020353A CN200480002035A CN1723008A CN 1723008 A CN1723008 A CN 1723008A CN A2004800020353 A CNA2004800020353 A CN A2004800020353A CN 200480002035 A CN200480002035 A CN 200480002035A CN 1723008 A CN1723008 A CN 1723008A
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Abstract
本发明的组合物涉及个人清洁组合物,其具有至少约0.1%重量的粒度为至少0.01微米的不规则形状颗粒、至少约0.1%重量的粒度为至少0.01微米的球状颗粒和至少约 20%重量的含水载体,其中球状颗粒的中值粒度大于不规则形状颗粒的中值粒度。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及包含颗粒的个人清洁组合物。更具体地讲,本发明涉及包含不规则形状颗粒和球状颗粒混合物的个人清洁组合物。该组合物旨在递送不规则形状颗粒的有益效果,尤其是毛发体积和密度,同时旨在递送来自球状颗粒的有益效果,如改善的调理和梳理有益效果。
发明背景
已知固体颗粒在许多制剂和个人护理组合物中用作有益剂。固体颗粒可对包含它们的组合物或施用该组合物的表面赋予有益效果。例如,固体颗粒可用作颜料或着色剂、遮光剂、珠光剂、触感调节剂、油吸收剂、皮肤保护剂、消光剂、摩擦增强剂、增滑剂、调理剂、剥脱剂、气味吸收剂或清洁增强剂。此外,许多可用作各种病症治疗剂或社交场合难堪情形处理剂的活性成分是可获得的,并典型地以固体颗粒形式使用,这些形式包括止汗剂、去头皮屑剂、抗微生物剂、抗生素和防晒剂。
典型地,当期望通过颗粒的应用来改进表面的性质时,所述颗粒可经免洗型制剂施用,该制剂可经摩擦、喷雾或其它方式直接施用到待处理的表面。适于将固体颗粒递送至毛发或皮肤表面的典型个人护理制剂包括润湿剂、露剂、霜膏、松散或压紧的粉末、棒剂、滋补剂、凝胶和各种喷雾剂如气溶胶或泵式喷雾剂。典型地,将这些产品直接施用到表面上,因此在蒸发和干燥之后,通过组合物本身或通过组合物的残余非挥发组分,颗粒被沉积和保留在所述表面上。
还已知,可将固体颗粒有益剂配制到洗去型或清洗组合物中,如毛发漂洗剂、洗发香波、液体和条状香皂、调理剂或着色剂。固体颗粒有益剂常用来影响组合物本身的整体外观、稳定性或美观性。例如,已知将着色剂颗粒、颜料或珠光剂加入组合物,以提高产品对潜在顾客的可接受性和吸引力。还已知,可加入颗粒有益剂来影响组合物的应用性能、外观或美学性质,或可向使用者提供触觉信号。例如,剥脱剂颗粒常被用于清洁组合物中,以改善磨损性和所洗涤表面上的油和污渍的除去效果,并赋予使用者可感觉到的“擦洗”感。典型地,这些固体颗粒剂不旨在或不需要沉积到基质上,而是在组合物的稀释和漂洗过程中从它们所施用的表面上除去。
还已知,将固体颗粒配制到洗去型或清洁组合物中,以通过增强毛发纤维之间的交互作用来改进毛发体积、毛发质地或毛发密度。当欲使固体颗粒有益剂从洗涤组合物中沉积下来时,目前现有的组合物具有无效沉积、需要使用过量颗粒剂或无效有益效果递送的缺陷。此外,包含固体颗粒以提供毛发纤维之间交互作用增强的组合物,由于颗粒的碰撞,通常产生负面的调理、湿法柔顺和湿法梳理性能。以前,在减少包含组合物的颗粒的负面调理特性方面的努力,要么是不足够的,要么负面影响了与颗粒有关的沉积或有益效果。
因此,仍存在对洗去型清洁组合物的需要,该组合物能够包含固体颗粒有益剂,并能在所处理的表面上有效地沉积和保留固体颗粒有益剂,以递送改进的毛发体积、毛发质地和毛发密度,而且同时递送改进的湿法调理和梳理性能。
发明概述
现已发现,不规则形状颗粒和球状颗粒的组合可递送改进的毛发体积、毛发质地和毛发密度,以及改进的湿法调理和梳理性能。本发明涉及个人清洁组合物,其包含:
a)约5%重量至约50%重量的去污表面活性剂,
b)至少约0.1%重量的粒度为至少0.01微米的不规则形状颗粒,
c)至少约0.1%重量的粒度为至少0.01微米的球状颗粒,
d)至少约20%重量的含水载体,
其中球状颗粒的中值粒度大于不规则形状颗粒的中值粒度。
可供选择地,本发明涉及一种个人清洁组合物,其中球状颗粒与不规则形状颗粒的重量比率为至少约1∶1,或涉及个人清洁组合物,其中在用个人清洁组合物处理毛发后,该毛发所显示具有的摩擦系数为约1至约2。
本发明还涉及个人清洁组合物的使用方法。
对于本领域技术人员来说,通过阅读本说明书的公开内容,本发明的这些和其它特征、方面和优点将变得显而易见。
发明详述
虽然本说明书通过特别指出并清楚地要求保护本发明的权利要求书得出结论,但据信由下列说明可更好地理解本发明。
本发明的个人清洁组合物包括去污表面活性剂、非片状颗粒、沉积助剂和含水载体。这些基本组分的每一种以及优选的或任选的组分将在下文中详细描述。
除非另外指明,所有的百分比、份数和比率均以本发明的组合物的总重量计。有关所列成分的所有重量均基于活性物质的含量,因此除非另外指明,它们不包括可能包括在市售材料中的溶剂或副产物。
除非另外指明,本文使用的所有分子量均是重均分子量,以克/摩尔表示。
本文中,“包括”是指可加入不影响最终结果的其它步骤和其它成分。该术语包括术语“由...组成”和“基本上由...组成”。本发明的组合物和方法/工艺可包括、由或基本上由本发明所述的基本成分和限制条件以及本文所述的任何附加或任选成分、组分、步骤或限制条件组成。
本文所用术语“流体”是指趋于呈其容器形状的液体或气体,容器是该柔韧中空的颗粒的外壁。
本文所用术语“中空的”是指具有胶囊包封区域的颗粒,所述区域基本上不含固体物质,胶囊包封的区域占颗粒总体积的10%至99.8%。
本文所用术语“非片状”是指具有球状、卵形、不规则的或任何其它形状的颗粒,其中最长尺寸和最短尺寸的比率(定义为纵横比)小于10。
本文所用术语“不规则的”是指具有非球面形、卵形、椭圆形或其它不均匀形状和/或不均匀表面结构的非球状和非片状颗粒。
本文所用术语“可渗透”是指在给定条件下允许液体或气体穿过的物质。
本文所用术语“聚合物”应包括由一种类型的单体或两种(即,共聚物)或更多种类型的单体聚合而制得的物质。
本文所用术语“球状”是指球状主体,该主体是在度量空间中与一个固定点间的距离近似为常数的一系列点。在此,“近似”含义是指固定点在15%的距离之内。
本文所用术语“水溶性”是指在本组合物中聚合物可溶于水。通常,在25℃下,聚合物的溶解度按所述水溶剂的重量计为0.1%,优选1%,更优选5%,最优选15%。
所有引用的参考文献均全文引入本文以供参考。任何文献的引用并不是对其作为要求保护的本发明的现有技术的可获得性的认可。
A.去污表面活性剂
本发明组合物包括去污表面活性剂。包含了去污表面活性剂组分,以为组合物提供清洁性能。所述去污表面活性剂组分又包括阴离子去污表面活性剂、两性离子或两性去污表面活性剂或它们的组合。这样的表面活性剂应与本文所述的基本组分物理和化学相容,或不应不适当地损害产品的稳定性、美观性或性能。
适用于本文组合物的阴离子去污表面活性剂组分包括已知用于毛发护理或其它个人护理清洁组合物中的那些。组合物中阴离子表面活性剂组分的浓度应该足以提供所需的清洁和起泡效果,并且通常为约5%至约50%,优选约8%至约30%,更优选约10%至约25%,甚至更优选约12%至约22%。
适用于组合物中的优选阴离子表面活性剂为烷基和烷基醚硫酸盐。这些物质各自的表达式为ROSO3M和RO(C2H4O)xSO3M,其中R是具有约8至约18个碳原子的烷基或链烯基,x是值为1至10的整数,且M是阳离子,如铵阳离子、链烷醇胺阳离子,如,三乙醇胺阳离子,一价金属阳离子,如钠离子和钾离子,和多价金属阳离子,如镁离子和钙离子。
在烷基和烷基醚硫酸盐中,优选R具有约8至约18个碳原子,更优选约10至约16个碳原子,甚至更优选约12至约14个碳原子。该烷基醚硫酸盐典型地可作为环氧乙烷和含有约8个至约24个碳原子的一元醇的缩合产物被制备。醇可以是合成的或可得自油脂,如椰子油、棕榈仁油、牛油。月桂醇和得自椰子油或棕榈仁油的直链醇是优选的。这样的醇与约0至约10,优选约2至约5,更优选约3摩尔比例的环氧乙烷反应,并且所得分子种类的混合物(例如,每摩尔醇具有平均3摩尔环氧乙烷)被硫酸化并中和。
其它合适的阴离子去污表面活性剂是符合式[R1-SO3-M]的有机硫酸反应产物的水溶性盐,其中R1是具有约8至约24个碳原子,优选约10至约18个碳原子的直链的或支链的、饱和脂族烃基;且M是上文所述的阳离子。
其它合适的阴离子去污表面活性剂为用羟乙磺酸酯化和用氢氧化钠中和的脂肪酸的反应产物,其中例如,该脂肪酸可得自椰子油或棕榈仁油;甲基氨基乙磺酸盐的脂肪酸酰胺的钠或钾盐,其中例如,该脂肪酸可得自椰子油或棕榈仁油。其它类似的阴离子表面活性剂描述于美国专利2,486,921;2,486,922;和2,396,278中。
适用于组合物的其它阴离子去污表面活性剂为琥珀酸盐,其实施例包括N-十八烷基磺基琥珀酸二钠、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二铵、N-(1,2-二羧基乙基)-N-十八烷基磺基琥珀酸四钠、磺基琥珀酸钠的二戊基酯、磺基琥珀酸钠的二己基酯和磺基琥珀酸钠盐的二辛基酯。
其它合适的阴离子去污表面活性剂包括具有约10至约24个碳原子的烯烃磺酸盐。除了真正的烯烃磺酸盐和一部分羟基-链烷磺酸盐外,烯烃磺酸盐还可包含微量的其它物质,如烯烃二磺酸盐,这取决于反应条件、反应物的比例、烯烃原料的性质和烯烃原料中的杂质以及磺化过程中的副反应。上述α-烯烃磺酸盐混合物的非限制性实施例描述于美国专利3,332,880中。
适用于该组合物中的另一类阴离子去污表面活性剂为β-烷氧基链烷磺酸盐。这些表面活性剂符合化学式(I):
其中R1为具有约6至约20个碳原子的直链烷基,R2为具有约1至约3个碳原子,优选1个碳原子的低级烷基,M为如上文所述的水溶性阳离子。
用于该组合物的优选阴离子去污表面活性剂包括十二烷基硫酸铵、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵、月桂基硫酸三乙基胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸三乙基胺、月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸三乙醇胺、月桂基硫酸单乙醇胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸单乙醇胺、月桂基硫酸二乙醇胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸二乙醇胺、月桂酸甘油单酯硫酸钠、月桂基硫酸钠、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、月桂基硫酸钾、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钾、月桂基肌氨酸钠、月桂酰肌氨酸钠、肌氨酸月桂酯、椰油基肌氨酸、椰油基硫酸铵、月桂酰基硫酸铵、椰油基硫酸钠、月桂酰基硫酸钠、椰油基硫酸钾、月桂基硫酸钾、月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺、月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺、椰油基硫酸一乙醇胺、月桂基硫酸一乙醇胺、十三烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、椰油基羟乙基磺酸钠以及它们的组合。
适用于本文组合物中的两性或两性离子去污表面活性剂包括已知用于毛发护理或其它个人清洁组合物中的那些。上述两性去污表面活性剂的浓度优选为约0.5%至约20%,优选约1%至约10%。合适的两性离子或两性表面活性剂的非限制性实施例描述于美国专利5,104,646(Bolich Jr.等人)、5,106,609(Bolich Jr.等人)中。
适用于组合物中的两性去污表面活性剂是本领域熟知的,并且包括广泛地被描述为脂族仲胺和叔胺衍生物的那些表面活性剂,其中脂族基团可以为直链或支链的,且其中一个脂族取代基包含约8至约18个碳原子,且一个脂族取代基包含阴离子基团,如羧基、磺酸根、硫酸根、磷酸根或膦酸根。用于本发明的优选两性去污表面活性剂包括N-椰油酰胺基乙基-N-羟乙基乙酸盐、N-椰油酰胺基乙基-N-羟乙基二乙酸盐、N-月桂酰胺基乙基-N-羟乙基乙酸盐、N-月桂酰胺基乙基-N-羟乙基二乙酸盐以及它们的混合物。
适用于该组合物的两性离子去污表面活性剂在本领域是为人所熟知的,并包括被广泛地描述为脂族季铵、鏻和锍化合物的衍生物的那些表面活性剂,其中脂族基团可以为直链或支链的,且其中一个脂族取代基包含约8至约18个碳原子,和一个脂族取代基包含阴离子基团,如羧基、磺酸根、硫酸根、磷酸根和膦酸根。两性离子化合物如甜菜碱是优选的。
本发明组合物还可包含附加的表面活性剂,与上文所述的阴离子去污表面活性剂组分组合使用。合适的可任选的表面活性剂包括非离子和阳离子表面活性剂。任何本领域已知的用于毛发护理或个人护理产品的这样的表面活性剂可以被使用,前提条件是该任选的附加表面活性剂也是化学和物理地与本发明组合物的基本组分相容,或不会不适当地损害产品的性能、美观性或稳定性。组合物中的任选的附加表面活性剂的浓度可依照期望的清洁或起泡效果、选定的任选表面活性剂、期望的产品浓度、组合物中其它组分的存在和本领域内熟知的其它因素而改变。
其它阴离子的、两性离子的、两性的或任选的适用于本发明组合物的附加表面活性剂的非限制性实施例描述于McCutcheon的“Emulsifiers andDetergents”,1989年鉴,M.C.Publishing Co.出版,和美国专利3,929,678、2,658,072、2,438,091、2,528,378中。
B.颗粒
本发明的组合物包括颗粒。该颗粒可以是不规则形状颗粒、球状颗粒或片状颗粒。在本发明的一个实施方案中,该组合物包含至少一种球状颗粒与至少一种不规则形状颗粒的混合物,其中球状颗粒的中值粒度大于不规则形状颗粒的中值粒度。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,组合物中球状颗粒与不规则形状颗粒的重量比率为至少约1∶1,优选至少约1.5∶1,还更优选至少约2∶1,且还更优选至少约2.5∶1。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,该组合物包含至少一种球状颗粒与至少一种其它颗粒的组合,其中在用该个人清洁组合物处理后,毛发所显示具有的摩擦系数为约1至约2,优选约1.05至约1.8,还更优选约1.1至约1.7,且甚至更优选约1.2至约1.6。
1.不规则形状颗粒
本发明的组合物包括具有不规则形状的颗粒。不规则形状颗粒是缺乏均匀球状或片状形态的颗粒。不规则形状的颗粒典型地可通过沉淀、研磨或粉碎来获得,或者由稠合或聚集的原始颗粒构成,以生成具有不规则形状或表面结构的颗粒。本发明不规则形状颗粒的粒度优选小于100μm。典型地,该颗粒所具有的颗粒直径为约0.01μm至约80μm,还更优选约0.1μm至约70μm,且甚至更优选约0.5μm至约60μm,且甚至更优选约1μm至约40μm。
在本发明的组合物中,优选掺入按重量计至少0.05%,更优选至少0.1%,还更优选至少0.2%,且甚至更优选至少0.5%的不规则形状颗粒。在本发明的组合物中,优选掺入按重量计不超过约20%,更优选不超过约10%,还更优选不超过5%,且甚至更优选不超过2%的不规则形状颗粒。
为了组合物的具体用途,可选择不规则形状的颗粒和用量。例如,当期望递送颜色有益效果时,可掺入符合所需色调的颜料颗粒。在需要毛发立体感或发型保留有益效果的地方,可使用能给予摩擦的颗粒以减少发型的破坏和毁坏。在技术人员的技术范围内可确定含量和颗粒的类型。可使用通常认为安全的颗粒,所述颗粒列于“C.T.F.A.Cosmetic IngredientHandbook”,第六版,Cosmetic and Fragrance Assn.,Inc.,Washington D.C.(1995)中,该书引入本文以供参考。
颗粒可以是有色或无色的(例如白色)。合适的不规则形状颗粒包括,例如,热解法二氧化硅、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、微粉化特氟纶、氮化硼、硫酸钡、丙烯酸酯聚合物、硅酸铝、辛烯琥珀酸铝淀粉、硅酸钙、纤维素、白垩、玉米淀粉、硅藻土、漂白土、甘油淀粉、二氧化硅水合物、碳酸镁、氢氧化镁、氧化镁、三硅酸镁、麦芽糖糊精、微晶纤维素、米淀粉、二氧化硅、二氧化钛、月桂酸锌、肉豆蔻酸锌、新癸酸锌、松脂酸锌、硬脂酸锌、聚乙烯、氧化铝、绿坡缕石、碳酸钙、硅酸钙、葡聚糖、尼龙、硅烷化二氧化硅、丝粉、大豆粉、氧化锡、氢氧化钛、磷酸三镁、核桃壳粉,或它们的混合物。上面提及的粉末可用卵磷脂、氨基酸、矿物油、硅油或各种其它单独的或组合的试剂进行表面处理,这些试剂覆盖于粉末表面并使颗粒性质上疏水。
不规则形状颗粒组分还可包含各种有机和无机颜料。有机颜料通常是各种芳族类型,包括偶氮、靛蓝、三苯甲烷、蒽醌和黄嘌呤染料,该黄嘌呤染料被命名为D&C和FD&C蓝、棕、绿、橙、红、黄,等等。有机颜料通常包括合法食用染料添加剂的不溶金属盐,称为色淀。无机颜料包括氧化铁、群青颜料和铬或氢氧化铬染料,以及它们的混合物。
各种形状和密度的水不溶性不规则形状颗粒是有用的。优选的不规则形状颗粒趋于具有椭圆形、卵形或任何其它形状,其中最大尺寸与最小尺寸的比率(定义为纵横比)小于10。更优选地,颗粒的纵横比小于8。还更优选地,颗粒的纵横比小于5。
在本发明中有用的颗粒在组合物中可以是无机的、合成的或半合成的。混合颗粒也是有用的。合成颗粒可由交联聚合物或非交联聚合物制得。本发明中的颗粒可具有表面电荷或者它们的表面可用有机或无机物质如表面活性剂、聚合物和无机物质改性。颗粒配合物也是有用的。
有用的无机颗粒的实施例包括各种二氧化硅颗粒,其中包括胶态二氧化硅、热解法二氧化硅、沉淀二氧化硅和硅胶。胶态二氧化硅的非限制性实施例包括Snowtex C、Snowtex O、Snowtex 50、Snowtex OL、Snowtex ZL,得自Nissan Chemical America Corporation,和以商品名Ludox出售的得自W.R.Grace & Co的胶态二氧化硅。热解法二氧化硅的非限制性实施例包括亲水和疏水形式的以Aerosil 130、Aerosil 200、Aerosil 300、Aerosil R972和Aerosil R812得自Degussa Corp.和以商品名Cab-O-Sil,包括Cab-O-SilM-5、HS-5、TS-530、TS-610和TS-720得自Cabot Corp.的那些。沉淀二氧化硅的非限制性实施例包括以亲水的和疏水的形式,以商品名Sipernat,包括Sipernat 350、360、22LS、22S、320、50S、D10、D11、D17和C630得自Degussa Corp.的那些;W.R.Grace & Co.以商品名Syloid出售的那些,J.M.Huber Corp.以商品名Zeothix和Zeodent出售的那些,和以商品名Tixosil得自Rhodia的那些。有用的无机颗粒的其它非限制性实施例包括各种金属氧化物,包括二氧化钛(如购自Degussa的P25,购自Kerr McGee Chemical Corp的Tronox CR-840和购自Tayca Corp的MT-500B与MT-100)和氧化铝(如购自Degussa Corp的Aluminum OxideC和购自AluChem Inc的AC720、AC712和AC740。其它有用的无机颗粒包括硅酸盐玻璃颗粒,如购自Nippon Paint Corp的Glamur Glo GlassChips。
有用的有机不规则形状颗粒的实施例包括具有不规则表面结构和非球状形态的合成树脂颗粒。非限制性实施例包括以商品名Tospearl 240和SR1000购自GE Silicones的硅氧烷树脂颗粒。
优选的颗粒还具有不会显著地被组合物典型加工所影响的物理性质。优选地,使用熔点大于约70℃的颗粒。还更优选地,使用熔点大于80℃的颗粒并最优选地使用熔点大于约95℃的颗粒。本文所用熔点指的是使颗粒转变为液体或流体状态或经历显著的变形或物理性质变化的温度。此外,本发明的许多颗粒是交联的或具有交联的表面膜。这些颗粒不显示具有确定的熔点。交联的颗粒也是有用的,只要它们在制备本组合物中所用的处理和储存条件下是稳定的。优选地,颗粒不是药物活性物质。更优选地,颗粒不是去头屑活性物质。
优选的不规则形状颗粒包括亲水和疏水改性的沉淀二氧化硅和氧化铝。尤其优选的不规则形状颗粒包括亲水和疏水改性的沉淀二氧化硅。
2.球状颗粒
本发明组合物包括球状颗粒。球状颗粒具有或显著具有球状形态,并且可以为中空或固体。可通过光学显微镜或电子显微镜的测定,来确定球形。本发明的球状颗粒具有优选小于100μm的粒度。典型地,该颗粒所具有的颗粒直径为约0.01μm至约80μm,还更优选约0.1μm至约70μm,且甚至更优选约0.5μm至约60μm,且甚至更优选约1μm至约40μm。合适的球状颗粒包括有机和无机微球体或它们的组合。
在本发明的组合物中,优选掺入按重量计至少0.05%,更优选至少0.1%,还更优选至少0.2%,且甚至更优选至少0.5%的球状颗粒。在本发明组合物中,优选掺入按重量计不超过约20%,更优选不超过约10%,还更优选不超过5%,且甚至更优选不超过2%的颗粒。
合成球状颗粒的实施例包括尼龙、硅氧烷树脂、聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯、聚酯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚四氟乙烯、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、环氧树脂、尿素树脂和丙烯酸粉末。有用颗粒的非限制性实施例包括购自KoboProducts,Inc.的MP-2200、BPA-500(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)、EA-209(乙烯/丙烯酸酯共聚物)、SP-501(尼龙-12)、SP-10(尼龙-12)、ES-830(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)、BPD-800、BPD-500、BPA-500(聚氨酯)和CL2080(聚乙烯)球状颗粒,球状聚乙烯粉末如以商品名Microthene购自QuantumChemical的那些(包括MN701、MN710、MN-714、MN-722和FN5100)和以商品名CeraPURE购自Shamrock Technologies,Inc.的那些以及以商品名MicroPoly购自Micropowders Inc.的那些,聚四氟乙烯粉末如以商品名FluoroPURE和HydroPURE购自Shamrock Technologies,Inc.的那些,以及以商品名Tospearl由GE Silicones出售的硅氧烷树脂颗粒(包括Tospearl 105、120、130、145、3120)。还有用的是以商品名Ganzpearl购自Presperse,Inc.的球状颗粒,包括GM-0600W、GM-0800S(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)、PS-8F、GS-0605、GS-0805(交联聚苯乙烯)和GPA-700(尼龙-12)。
还可用于本发明的是球状无机颗粒。无机球状颗粒的非限制性实施例包括具有各种粒度和粒隙的球状二氧化硅颗粒,包括购自KOBO ProductsInc.的MSS-500/H、MSS-500/3H、MSS-500、MSS-500/3、MSS-500/N和MSS-500/3N;以商品名Spheron购自Presperse Inc.的那些,包括SpheronN-2000、P1000、P-1500和L-1500,以及以商品名Sunsil购自SunjinChemical Co.的那些,包括Sunsil 20、20L、20H、50L、50、50H、130L、130和130H。可用于本发明的球状无机颗粒的其它非限制性实施例包括各种硅酸盐,包括硅酸镁(如以商品名CM-111 Cosmetic Microspheres购自3M的那些)和玻璃球体(如以商品名PrizmaLite Glass Spheres购自Nippon Paint Corp.的那些)。
还可用于本发明的是球状中空颗粒。本发明颗粒的外壁可由热塑性物质形成。该热塑性物质可以是至少一种单体的聚合物或共聚物,该单体选自下列基团:丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、苯乙烯、取代苯乙烯、不饱和二卤化物、丙烯腈、异丁烯腈、1,1-二氯乙烯。该热塑性物质可包含酰胺、酯、尿烷、尿素、醚、碳酸盐、乙缩醛、硫化物、磷酸盐、膦酸酯和硅氧烷连接物。
市售中空球状颗粒的非限制性实施例是551 DE(粒度范围近似为30μm至50μm且密度近似为42kg/m3)、551 DE 20(粒度范围近似为15μm至25μm且密度近似为60kg/m3)、461 DE(粒度范围近似为20μm至40μm且密度为60kg/m3)、551 DE 80(粒度范围近似为50至80μm且密度近似为42kg/m3)、091 DE(粒度范围近似为35至55μm且密度近似为30kg/m3),所有颗粒均以商标名EXPANCELTM由Akzo Nobel出售。其它适用于本文的颗粒的实施例是由Pierce & Stevens Corporation以商标DUALITE和MICROPEARLTM系列微球体出售的那些。尤其优选的中空颗粒是091 DE和551 DE 50。本发明的中空颗粒可在干燥或有水状态中存在。上述颗粒对皮肤无毒且无刺激性。
用于本发明中的中空颗粒可通过,例如,描述于EP-56,219、EP-348,372、EP-486,080、EP-320,473、EP-112,807和美国专利3,615,972中的方法来制备,每篇文献的全部公开内容均引入本文以供参考。还可使用得自酯(如,例如乙酸乙烯酯或乳酸乙烯酯)或酸(如,例如衣康酸、柠康酸、马来酸或富马酸)的聚合物和共聚物所组成的颗粒。在这点上,参见日本专利申请JP-A-2-112304,其全部公开内容引入本文以供参考。
可供选择地,可用于本发明的中空颗粒的壁可由无机材料形成。该无机物质可以是二氧化硅、碱石灰硼硅玻璃、硅铝陶瓷或碱金属硅酸铝陶瓷。可商购获得的合适的低密度、无机颗粒的非限制性实施例是H50/10,000EPX(粒度范围为约20μm至60μm)、S38(粒度范围为约15μm至65μm)、W-210(粒度范围为约1μm至12μm)、W-410(粒度范围为约1μm至24μm)、W-610(粒度范围为约1μm至40μm)、G-200(粒度范围约1μm至12μm)、G-400(粒度范围为约1μm至24μm)、G-600(粒度范围为约1μm至40μm),所有的以商标3MTM ScotchliteTM Glass Bubbles、3MTMZeeospheresTM陶瓷微球体和3MTM Z-Light SpheresTM陶瓷微球体出售。还可用的是以商标LUXSILTM(平均直径为3μm至13μm)购自PQ Corporation的中空硼硅酸钙铝球体。
颗粒的表面可通过静电的产生而带电,或者与各种离子基直接接触或通过短的、长的或支链的烷基与离子基相连而带电。该表面电荷性质上可是阴离子、阳离子、两性离子或两性的。
优选的球状颗粒也具有不会显著地被组合物典型加工所影响的物理性质。优选地,使用熔点大于约70℃的颗粒。还更优选地,使用熔点大于80℃的颗粒且最优选地,熔点大于约95℃的颗粒被使用。本文所用熔点指的是使颗粒转变为液体或流体状态或经历显著的变形或物理性质变化的温度。此外,本发明的许多颗粒是交联的或具有交联的表面膜。这些颗粒不显示具有确定的熔点。交联的颗粒也是有用的,只要它们在制备本组合物中所用的处理和储存条件下是稳定的。优选地,颗粒不是药物活性物质。更优选地,颗粒不是去头屑活性物质。
优选的球状颗粒包括球状聚乙烯、硅氧烷树脂和尼龙。尤其优选球状聚乙烯。
3.其它颗粒
其它颗粒,包括片状颗粒,可被用于本发明组合物中,前提条件是它们与本文所述的基本组分在物理和化学上是相容的,或不另外过度削弱产品的稳定性、美学特性或性能。
依照本发明,片状颗粒是这样的颗粒,其中最大尺寸和最小尺寸的比率(定义为纵横比)大于约10。片状颗粒可被典型地用于清洁组合物中,以赋予组合物所需的美学有益效果,如颜色或珠光,并不会典型地递送所需的毛发摩擦度或所需的毛发体积、毛发密度和发型有益效果。然而已发现,如果纵横比大于10的颗粒在组合物中保持为聚集颗粒堆,则可使用它们。
片状颗粒的非限制性实施例包括各种天然和合成硅酸盐材料,包括滑石、云母、绢云母、钛酸盐云母、硅酸镁铝类、硅酸铝、硅酸钙、粘土、膨润土、锂蒙脱石、蒙脱石。片状材料的其它非限制性实施例包括氯氧化铋、氮化硼和片状二氧化钛。本发明的片状颗粒可具有表面电荷,或者它们的表面可用有机或无机物质如表面活性剂、聚合物和无机物质改性。市售片状颗粒的非限制性实施例包括购自Southern Clay Products Inc.的Laponite XLS、Laponite SCPX-2549、Claytone SO和Gelwhite H NF;购自Rheox,Inc.的Bentone 38、Bentone 27和Bentone 34;购自Engelhard Corp的Flamenco Ultra Silk 2500、Flamenco Satin Pearl 3500和Timica Silkwhite110W;以商品名Veegum购自R.T.Vanderbilt Company,Inc.的硅酸镁铝类;以及购自Ultra Chemical的Ultra Talc 2000、3000和5000。
D.含水载体
本发明组合物(在环境条件下)典型地是可倾倒的液体的形式。因此,该组合物将典型地包括含水载体,其含量为约20%至约95%,优选约60%至约85%。含水载体可包括水或水与有机溶剂的混溶物,但优选包含具有最小浓度或无显著浓度有机溶剂的水,除非是另外作为其它基本组分或任选组分的微量成分,附带掺入到组合物中。
E.附加组分
本发明组合物还可包含一种或多种已知用于护发或个人护理产品的任选组分,前提条件是该任选组分与本文所述基本组分物理和化学地相容,或不会不适当地损害产品的稳定性、美观性或性能。上述任选组分各自的浓度可为约0.001%至约10%。
用于该组合物的任选组分的非限制性实施例包括阳离子聚合物、调理剂(烃油、脂肪族酯、硅氧烷)、去头屑剂、悬浮剂、粘度改性剂、染料、非挥发性溶剂或稀释剂(水溶性和不溶性的)、珠光助剂、泡沫促进剂、额外的表面活性剂或非离子助表面活性剂、灭虱剂、pH调节剂、香料、防腐剂、螯合剂、蛋白质、皮肤活性剂、防晒剂、紫外线吸收剂和维生素。
1.阳离子聚合物
本发明组合物可包含阳离子聚合物,以有助于固体颗粒组分的沉积并增强调理性能。组合物中阳离子聚合物的浓度典型地为约0.01%至约3%,优选约0.05%至约2.0%,更优选约0.1%至约1.0%。在欲使用的洗发剂组合物的pH值下,合适的阳离子聚合物所具有的阳离子电荷密度至少约0.4meq/gm,优选至少约0.9meq/gm,更优选至少约1.2meq/gm,而且优选小于约7meq/gm,更优选小于约5meq/gm,组合物的pH值通常为约3至约9,优选约4至约8。本文中聚合物的“阳离子电荷密度”是指聚合物上正电荷数与聚合物的分子量的比率。这种合适的阳离子聚合物的平均分子量通常将为约10,000至1千万,优选约50,000至约5百万,更优地选约100,000至约3百万。
用于本发明组合物的合适的阳离子聚合物包含阳离子含氮部分如季铵或阳离子质子化氨基部分。阳离子质子化的胺可以为伯、仲或叔胺(优选仲或叔),取决于组合物的特殊种类和选定的pH。任何阴离子抗衡离子可以与阳离子聚合物联合使用,只要该聚合物在水、组合物或组合物的凝聚层相中保持溶解,和只要该抗衡离子与组合物的基本组分在物理和化学上是相容的或不会不适当地损害产品的性能、稳定性或美观性。这样的抗衡离子的非限制性实施例包括卤素离子(例如氯离子、氟离子、溴离子、碘离子)、硫酸根和甲基硫酸根。
上述聚合物的非限制性实施例描述于Estrin、Crosley和Haynes编的“CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary”,第三版,(CTFA,Washington,D.C.(1982))。
合适的阳离子聚合物的非限制性实施例包括具有阳离子质子化胺或季铵官能团的乙烯基单体与水溶性间隔单体如丙烯酰胺、异丁烯酰胺、烷基和二烷基丙烯酰胺、烷基和二烷基异丁烯酰胺、丙烯酸烷基酯、异丁烯酸烷基酯、乙烯基己内酯或乙烯基吡咯烷酮的共聚物。
用于包括在本文组合物的阳离子聚合物中的合适的阳离子质子化氨基和季铵单体包括被丙烯酸二烷基氨基烷基酯、异丁烯酸二烷基氨基烷基酯、丙烯酸单烷基氨基烷基酯、异丁烯酸单烷基氨基烷基酯、三烷基异丁烯酰氧基烷基铵盐、三烷基丙烯酰氧基烷基铵盐、二烯丙基季铵盐取代的乙烯基化合物,和具有环状阳离子含氮环如吡啶鎓、咪唑鎓和季铵化吡咯烷酮的乙烯基季铵单体,例如烷基乙烯基咪唑鎓、烷基乙烯基吡啶鎓、烷基乙烯基吡咯烷酮盐。
其它合适的用于组合物的阳离子聚合物包括:1-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮和1-乙烯基-3-甲基咪唑鎓(例如,盐酸盐)的共聚物(在本领域内被化妆品、梳妆用品和香料协会“CTFA”,称为聚季铵盐-16);1-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮和异丁烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯的共聚物(在本领域内被CTFA称为聚季铵盐-11);含有阳离子二烯丙基季铵的聚合物,例如包括二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵均聚物以及丙烯酰胺和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵的共聚物(在本领域(CTFA)内分别称为聚季铵盐6和聚季铵盐7);丙烯酸的两性共聚物,包括丙烯酸与二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵的共聚物(在本领域(CTFA)内称为聚季铵盐22);丙烯酸与二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和丙烯酰胺的三元共聚物(在本领域(CTFA)内称为聚季铵盐39)及丙烯酸与异丁烯酰氨基丙基三甲基氯化铵和异丁烯酸酯的三元共聚物(在本领域(CTFA)内称为聚季铵盐47)。优选的阳离子取代的单体为阳离子取代的二烷基氨基烷基丙烯酰胺、二烷基氨基烷基异丁烯酰胺及其组合物。这些优选的单体符合化学式(II):
其中R1为氢、甲基或乙基;每个R2、R3和R4独立地为氢或具有约1至约8个碳原子,优选约1至约5个碳原子,更优选约1至约2个碳原子的短链烷基;n为具有约1至约8,优选约1至约4的整数值;X为抗衡离子。连接于R2、R3和R4的氮可以是质子化的胺(伯、仲或叔),但优选是季铵,其中每个R2、R3和R4是烷基,其非限制性实施例是聚异丁烯酰氨基丙基三甲基氯化铵,以商品名Polycare 133得自Rhone-Poulenc,Cranberry,N.J.,U.S.A.。
其它适用于组合物的阳离子聚合物包括多糖聚合物,如阳离子纤维素衍生物和阳离子淀粉衍生物。合适的阳离子多糖聚合物包括符合化学式(III)的那些:
其中A为葡糖酐残基,如淀粉或纤维素葡糖酐残基;R为亚烷基氧化烯、聚氧化烯或羟亚烷基或它们的组合物;R1、R2和R3独立地为烷基、芳基、烷基芳基、芳基烷基、烷氧基烷基或烷氧基芳基,每个基团包含最高达约18个碳原子,每个阳离子部分的碳原子总数(即R1、R2和R3中碳原子数之和)优选约为20或更少;且X为上文所述阴离子抗衡离子。
优选的阳离子纤维素聚合物为羟乙基纤维素与三甲基铵盐取代的环氧化物反应得到的盐,参见本领域(CTFA)的聚季铵盐10,以它们的PolymerLR、JR和KG系列聚合物购于Amerchol Corp.(Edison,N.J.,USA)。其它合适类型的阳离子纤维素包括羟乙基纤维素与月桂基二甲基铵取代的环氧化物反应得到的聚合季铵盐,参见本领域(CTFA)的聚季铵盐24。这些物质以商品名Polymer LM-200购于Amerchol Corp。
其它合适的阳离子聚合物包括阳离子瓜尔胶衍生物,如瓜耳胶羟丙基三甲基氯化铵,其具体的实施例包括可商购自Rhone-Poulenc Incorporated的Jaguar系列和可商购自Hercules,Inc.Aqualon分公司的N-Hance系列。其它合适的阳离子聚合物包括含季氮纤维素醚,其一些实施例描述于美国专利3,962,418中。其它合适的阳离子聚合物包括醚化的纤维素共聚物、瓜耳胶和淀粉,其一些实施例描述于美国专利3,958,581中。当使用本发明的阳离子聚合物时,该聚合物溶于组合物或者溶于组合物中的复合凝聚层相,该复合凝聚层相是由本发明上述的阳离子聚合物和阴离子、两性和/或两性离子去污表面活性剂组分形成。阳离子聚合物的复合物凝聚层也能通过组合物中的其它荷电物质形成。
用于分析复合物凝聚层形成过程的技术是本领域已知的。例如,在任何选定稀释阶段的组合物的微观分析可被应用以确认凝聚层相是否已形成。这种凝聚层相将作为组合物中的另外的乳化相而被识别。使用染料可以有助于区分凝聚层相与分散在该组合物中的其它不溶相。
优选的阳离子聚合物包括具有足够高阳离子电荷密度的聚合物,以便有效地增强本文所述固体颗粒组分的沉积效率。优选的阳离子聚合物包含阳离子纤维素聚合物和阳离子瓜耳胶衍生物,其所具有的阳离子电荷密度至少约为1.2meq/gm,更优选至少约1.5meq/gm,甚至更优选至少约1.7meq/gm、且还更优选至少约1.9meq/gm,而且优选小于约7meq/gm,更优选小于约5meq/gm,甚至更优选小于约4.5meq/gm,且甚至更优选小于约3meq/g。尤其优选电荷密度为约1.5meq/g至约3.0meq/g的阳离子纤维素聚合物,甚至更优选电荷密度为约1.7meq/g至约2.5meq/g的阳离子纤维素聚合物。优选羟乙基纤维素与三甲基铵基取代的环氧化物反应所得的阳离子纤维素聚合物盐,工业界(CTFA)称为聚季铵盐10,以商品名Polymer KG30M得自Amerchol Corp.(Edison,N.J.,USA),其电荷密度为1.9,并且分子量为约1,250,000。
2.调理剂
调理剂包括任何可用于为毛发和/或皮肤提供特殊调理有益效果的物质。在毛发处理组合物中,合适的调理剂是递送一种或多种有益效果的那些,这些有益效果涉及光泽、柔软性、可梳理性、抗静电性、湿处理、抗损伤、整理性、主体和抗油腻。用于本发明组合物中的调理剂典型地包括水不溶性、水分散性、非挥发性、可形成乳化液体颗粒的液体。用于组合物的合适的调理剂是通常特征为硅氧烷(例如硅氧烷油、阳离子硅氧烷、硅橡胶纯胶料、高折射硅氧烷和硅氧烷树脂)、有机调理油(例如烃油、聚烯烃和脂肪族酯)或它们的组合物的那些调理剂,或在本发明含水表面活性剂基质中形成液体分散颗粒的那些调理剂。这样的调理剂应该在物理和化学上与组合物的基本组分相容,且不应该不适当地损害产品的稳定性、美观性或性能。当被用于本发明组合物中时,水不溶性非挥发性液体调理剂与颗粒的比率按重量计小于约2∶1,优选小于约1.5∶1,且更优选小于约1∶1。
组合物中的调理剂的浓度应该足以提供期望的有益调理效果,且这对本领域的普通技术人员将是显而易见的。这样的浓度可根据调理剂、期望的调理性能、调理剂颗粒的平均粒度、其它组分的类型和浓度和其它类似的因素而改变。
a.硅氧烷
本发明组合物的调理剂优选为不溶的硅氧烷调理剂。硅氧烷调理剂颗粒可包括挥发性硅氧烷、非挥发性硅氧烷或它们的组合。优选的是非挥发性硅氧烷调理剂。如果存在挥发性硅氧烷,典型地它将附带地作为它们以商购获得的非挥发性硅氧烷材料成分(如硅橡胶纯胶料和树脂形态)的溶剂或载体。硅氧烷调理剂颗粒可包括聚硅氧烷流体调理剂并且也可以包括其它成分如硅氧烷树脂,以改善聚硅氧烷流体沉积功效或增强毛发光泽。
硅氧烷调理剂的浓度典型地为约0.01%至约10%,优选为约0.1%至约8%,更优选为约0.1%至约5%,更优选为约0.2%至约3%。合适的硅氧烷调理剂和任选的硅氧烷悬浮剂的非限制性实施例描述于美国重新公布的专利34,584、美国专利5,104,646和美国专利5,106,609中。用于本发明组合物中的硅氧烷调理剂所具有的粘度,在25℃下测量优选为约2E-5m至约2m2/s(约20厘沲至约2,000,000厘沲(“csk”)),更优选约0.001m2/s至约1.8m2/s(约1,000csk至约1,800,000csk),甚至更优选约0.05m2/s至约1.5m2/s(约50,000csk至约1,500,000csk),更优选约0.1m2/s至约1.5m2/s(约100,000csk至约1,500,000csk)。
分散的硅氧烷调理剂颗粒典型地具有约0.01μm至约50μm的数均颗粒直径。对于涂敷于毛发的小颗粒,数均颗粒直径典型地为约0.01μm至约4μm,优选约0.01μm至约2μm,更优选约0.01μm至约0.5μm。对于涂敷于毛发的较大颗粒,数均颗粒直径典型地为约4μm至约50μm,优选约6μm至约30μm,更优选约9μm至约20μm,更优选约12μm至约18μm。
关于硅氧烷的背景资料,包括讨论聚硅氧烷流体、树胶和树脂以及硅氧烷制造的部分,可参见“Encyclopedia of Polymer Science andEngineering”,第15卷,第二版,第204-308页,John Wiley & Sons,Inc.(1989)中。
i.硅油
聚硅氧烷流体包括硅油,其是易流动的硅氧烷物质,在25℃下测量,其所具有的粘度小于1m2/s(1,000,000csk),优选约5E-6至约1m2/s(约5csk至约1,000,000csk),更优选约0.0001m2/s至约0.6m2/s(约100csk至约600,000csk)。用于本发明组合物的合适的硅氧烷油包括聚烷基硅氧烷、聚芳基硅氧烷、聚烷基芳基硅氧烷、聚醚硅氧烷共聚物以及它们的混合物。也可使用其它具有毛发调理性质的不溶性非挥发性硅氧烷流体。
硅油包括聚烷基或聚芳基硅氧烷,其符合下式(IV):
其中R为脂基,优选烷基或链烯基,或芳基,R可为取代的或未取代的,并且x为1至约8,000的整数。适用于本发明组合物的R基团包括但不限于:烷氧基、芳氧基、烷芳基、芳烷基、芳基烯基、烷氨基和醚取代的、羟基取代的和卤素取代的脂族和芳基。合适的R基团还包括阳离子胺和季铵基团。
优选的烷基和链烯基取代基是C1至C5,更优选C1至C4,更优选C1至C2的烷基和链烯基。其它包含烷基、链烯基或炔基的基团(如烷氧基、烷芳基和烷氨基)的脂族部分可以是直链或支链,并优选C1至C5,更优选C1至C4,甚至更优选C1至C3,更优选C1至C2。如上所讨论,R取代基也可包含氨基官能团(例如,烷氨基),其可以是伯、仲或叔胺或季铵。这些包括一、二和三烷基氨基和烷氧氨基,其中脂族部分链长优选如本文所述。
ii.氨基和阳离子硅氧烷
适用于本发明组合物的阳离子硅氧烷流体包括,但不限于,符合通式(V)的那些:
(R1)aG3-a-Si-(-OSiG2)n-(-OSiGb(R1)2-b)m-O-SiG3-a(R1)a
其中G为氢、苯基、羟基或C1-C8的烷基,优选甲基;a为0或具有1至3的值的整数,优选0;b为0或1,优选1;n为0至1,999的数,优选49至499;m为1至2,000的整数,优选1至10;n和m的和为1至2,000的数,优选50至500;R1为符合通式CqH2qL的一价基团,其中q为具有2至8的值的整数,且L选自下列基团:
-N(R2)CH2-CH2-N(R2)2
-N(R2)2
-N(R2)3A-
-N(R2)CH2-CH2-NR2H2A-
其中R2是氢、苯基、苄基或饱和烃基,优选约C1至约C20的烷基,且A-是卤离子。
尤其优选的符合式(V)的阳离子硅氧烷是称为“三甲基甲硅烷基氨代聚二甲基硅氧烷”的聚合物,其如下式(VI)所示:
可用于本发明组合物的其它硅氧烷阳离子聚合物可用通式(VII)表示:
其中R3是C1至C18的一价烃基,优选烷基或链烯基,如甲基;R4烃基,优选C1至C18的亚烷基或C10至C18的亚烷氧基,更优选C1至C8的亚烷氧基;Q-是卤离子,优选氯离子;r是2至20,优选2至8的平均统计值;s是20至200,优选20至50的平均统计值。这类优选的聚合物称为UCARE SILICONE ALE 56TM,购自Union Carbide。
iii.硅橡胶纯胶料
适用于本发明组合物的其它聚硅氧烷流体为不溶性硅橡胶纯胶料。这些树胶是聚有机硅氧烷物质,在25℃下测量,其具有的粘度大于或等于1m2/s(1,000,000csk)。硅橡胶纯胶料描述于美国专利4,152,416;Noll和Walter的Chemistry and Technology of Silicones,New York:Academic Press(1968);和General Electric Silicone Rubber Product Data Sheets SE 30、SE 33、SE 54和SE 76中。用于本发明组合物中的硅橡胶纯胶料的具体非限制性实例包括聚二甲基硅氧烷、(聚二甲基硅氧烷)(甲基乙烯基硅氧烷)共聚物、聚(二甲基硅氧烷)(二苯基硅氧烷)(甲基乙烯基硅氧烷)共聚物,以及它们的混合物。
iv.高折射率硅氧烷
适用于本发明组合物的其它非挥发性、不溶硅氧烷流体调理剂是称为“高折射率硅氧烷”的那些,其具有至少约1.46,优选至少约1.48,更优选至少约1.52,更优选至少约1.55的折射率。聚硅氧烷流体的折射率将通常低于约1.70、典型地低于约1.60。在上下文中,聚硅氧烷“流体”包括油以及树胶。
高折射率聚硅氧烷流体包括如上通式(IV)表示的那些,以及环状聚硅氧烷,如下式(VIII)表示的那些:
其中R如上所定义,且n是约3至约7的数,优选约3至约5。
高折射率聚硅氧烷流体包含的包含R取代基的芳基的-量足以提高折射率至期望的水平,其如本文所述。此外,R和n必须被选定以使该物质是非挥发性的。
包含取代基的芳基包括包含脂环烃和杂环五元和六元芳环的那些和包含稠合的五元或六元环的那些。芳基环本身可以是被取代的或未被取代的。
一般地,高折射率聚硅氧烷流体将具有至少约15%,优选至少约20%,更优选至少约25%,甚至更优选至少约35%,更优选至少约50%的芳基包含取代基的程度。典型地,芳基取代度将低于约90%、更一般低于约85%,优选约55%至约80%。
优选的高折射率聚硅氧烷流体具有苯基或苯基衍生取代基(更优选苯基)与烷基取代基,优选C1-C4的烷基(更优选甲基)、羟基、或C1-C4的烷基氨基(尤其是-R1NHR2NH2,其中每个R1和R2独立地为C1-C3的烷基、链烯基和/或烷氧基)的组合。
当高折射率硅氧烷被用于本发明组合物时,它们优选在含有铺展剂如硅氧烷树脂或表面活性剂的溶液中使用,以充分地降低表面张力来提高铺展,和因此增强用该组合物处理的毛发的光泽(干燥之后)。
适用于本发明组合物的聚硅氧烷流体公开于美国专利2,826,551、美国专利3,964,500、美国专利4,364,837、英国专利849,433和SiliconCompounds,Petrarch Systems,Inc.(1984)中。
v.硅氧烷树脂
硅氧烷树脂可包含在本发明组合物的硅氧烷调理剂中。这些树脂是高度交联的聚合硅氧烷体系。交联是在制造硅氧烷树脂的过程中通过将三官能的和四官能化硅烷与一官能的或二官能的或两种硅烷掺合而引入。
尤其是硅氧烷物质和硅氧烷树脂可依照本领域普通技术人员已知的称为“MDTQ”命名的速记命名体系而方便地被确认。在该体系下,根据所存在的组成硅氧烷的各种硅氧烷单体单元描述硅氧烷。简要地,符号M代表一官能单元(CH3)3SiO0.5;D代表二官能单元(CH3)2SiO;T代表三官能单元(CH3)SiO1.5;Q代表四官能单元SiO2。基本单元符号(例如M′、D′、T′和Q′)表示甲基之外的取代基,并必须在每个出现处具体地定义。
用于本发明组合物的优选的硅氧烷树脂包括但不限于MQ、MT、MTQ、MDT和MDTQ树脂。甲基是优选的硅氧烷取代基。尤其优选的硅氧烷树脂是MQ树脂,其中M∶Q的比率是约0.5∶1.0至约1.5∶1.0,且硅氧烷树脂的平均分子量为约1000至约10,000。
b.有机调理油
本发明组合物的调理组分还可包含约0.05%至约3%,优选约0.08%至约1.5%,更优选约0.1%至约1%的至少一种有机调理油作为调理剂,该调理剂可单独使用或与其它调理剂如硅氧烷(如本文所述)联合使用。
i.烃油
适用作本发明组合物中调理剂的有机调理油包括但不限于具有至少约10个碳原子的烃油,如环状烃、直链脂族烃(饱和或不饱和)、和支链脂族烃(饱和或不饱和),包括聚合物以及它们的混合物。直链烃油优选为约C12至约C19。支链烃油,包括烃聚合物,典型地将包含多于19个碳原子。
这些烃油的具体的非限制性实施例包括石蜡油、矿物油、饱和和不饱和十二烷、饱和和不饱和十三烷、饱和和不饱和十四烷、饱和和不饱和十五烷、饱和和不饱和十六烷、聚丁烯、聚癸烯以及它们的混合物。这些化合物的支链异构体以及更高级链长的烃也可被使用,其实施例包括高度支化的、饱和或不饱和的烷烃,如异二十烷基取代的异构体,例如十六烷和二十碳烷的全甲基取代的异构体,如2,2,4,4,6,6,8,8-二甲基-10-甲基十一烷和2,2,4,4,6,6-二甲基-8-甲基壬烷,得自Permethyl Corporation。烃聚合物如聚丁烯和聚癸烯。优选的烃聚合物是聚丁烯,例如异丁烯和丁烯的共聚物。这类可商购获得的物质是L-14聚丁烯,得自Amoco ChemicalCorporation。组合物中上述烃油的浓度优选为约0.05%至约20%,更优选约0.08%至约1.5%,且甚至更优选约0.1%至约1%。
ii.聚烯烃
用于本发明组合物的有机调理油还可包括液体聚烯烃,更优选液体聚-α-烯烃,更优选氢化液体聚-α-烯烃。用于本发明的聚烯烃是由C4至约C14,优选约C6至约C12的烯烃单体经聚合反应制备而得的。
用于制备本文聚烯烃液体的烯烃单体的非限制性实施例包括乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、1-戊烯、1-己烯、1-辛烯、1-癸烯、1-十二碳烯、1-十四烯、支链异构体如4-甲基-1-戊烯以及它们的混合物。也适合于制备聚烯烃液体的是包含烯烃的精炼厂原料或流出物。优选的氢化α-烯烃单体包括但不限于1-己烯至1-十六碳烯、1-辛烯至1-十四烯以及它们的混合物。
iii.脂肪族酯
其它适用作本发明组合物中调理剂的有机调理油包括但不限于具有至少10个碳原子的脂肪族酯。这些脂肪族酯包括具有衍生自脂肪酸或醇的烃基链的酯(例如单酯、多元醇酯和二与三羧酸酯)。在此的脂肪族酯的烃基可包括或具有共价键合的另外的相容的官能团,如酰胺和烷氧基部分(例如乙氧基或醚键等)。
优选的脂肪族酯的具体实施例包括但不限于:异硬脂酸异丙酯、月桂酸己酯、月桂酸异己酯、十六烷酸异己酯、十六烷酸异丙酯、油酸癸酯、油酸异癸酯、硬脂酸十六烷基酯、硬脂酸癸酯、异硬脂酸异丙酯、己二酸二己基癸酯、乳酸月桂醇酯、乳酸十四烷酯、乳酸鲸蜡酯、硬脂酸油基酯、油酸油基酯、十四烷酸油基酯、乙酸月桂基酯、丙酸鲸蜡酯和己二酸油基酯。
适宜用于本发明组合物的其它脂肪族酯为具有通式R′COOR的一元羧酸酯,其中R′和R为烷基或链烯基,并且R′和R中碳原子的总数为至少10,优选至少22。
其它适用于本发明组合物的脂肪族酯还是羧酸的二和三烷基和链烯基酯,如C4至C8的二羧酸酯(例如琥珀酸、戊二酸和己二酸的C1至C22的酯,优选C1至C6的酯)。羧酸的二和三烷基和链烯基酯的具体非限制性实施例包括硬脂酰基硬脂酸异十六烷基酯、己二酸二异丙酯和柠檬酸三硬脂醇酯。
其它适用于本发明组合物的脂肪族酯是称为多元醇酯的那些。这样的多元醇酯包括亚烷基二醇酯,如乙二醇一和二脂肪酸酯、二甘醇一和二脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇一和二脂肪酸酯、丙二醇一和二脂肪酸酯、聚丙二醇一油酸酯、聚丙二醇2000一硬脂酸酯、乙氧基化丙二醇一硬脂酸酯、甘油一和二脂肪酸酯、聚甘油聚脂肪酸酯、乙氧基化甘油一硬脂酸酯、1,3-丁二醇一硬脂酸酯、1,3-丁二醇二硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯多元醇脂肪酸酯、脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯和聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯。
其它还适用于本发明组合物的脂肪族酯是甘油酯,包括但不限于甘油一酯、甘油二酯和甘油三酯,优选甘油二酯和甘油三酯,更优选甘油三酯。对于用于本文所述组合物中,甘油酯优选为长链羧酸如C10至C22羧酸和甘油的一酯、二酯和三酯。从植物和动物脂肪和油,例如蓖麻子油、红花油、棉籽油、玉米油、橄榄油、鳕鱼肝油、杏仁油、鳄梨油、棕榈油、芝麻油、羊毛脂和豆油可以获得多种这种材料。合成油包括但不限于甘油三油酸酯和三硬脂酸甘油基二月桂酸酯。
适用于本发明组合物的其它脂肪族酯为水不溶性合成脂肪族酯。一些优选的合成酯符合如下通如(IX):
其中R1是C7至C9的烷基、链烯基、羟基烷基或羟基烯基,优选饱和的烷基,更优选饱和的直链烷基;n是具有2至4的值的正整数,优选3;且Y是烷基、链烯基、羟基或羧基取代的烷基或链烯基,其具有约2至约20个碳原子,优选约3至约14个碳原子。其它优选的合成酯符合如下通式(X):
其中R2为C8至C10的烷基、链烯基、羟基烷基或羟基烯基;优选饱和烷基,更优选饱和、直链烷基;n和Y如上面的式(X)所定义。
适用于本发明组合物的合成脂肪族酯的具体非限制性实施例包括:P-43(三羟甲基丙烷的C8-C10的三酯)、MCP-684(3,3-二乙醇-1,5-戊二醇的四酯)、MCP 121(己二酸的C8-C10的二酯),所有这些购自Mobil ChemicalCompany。
c.其它调理剂
也适用于本文组合物的是Procter & Gamble Company描述于美国专利5,674,478和5,750,122中的调理剂。还适用于本文的是描述于美国专利4,529,586(Clairol)、4,507,280(Clairol)、4,663,158(Clairol)、4,197,865(L’Oreal)、4,217,914(L’Oreal)、4,381,919(L’Oreal)和4,422,853(L’Oreal)中的那些调理剂。
3.去头皮屑活性物质
本发明组合物也可包含去头皮屑剂。合适的去头屑颗粒的非限制性实施例包括:吡啶硫酮盐、吡咯、硫化硒、颗粒硫以及它们的混合物。优选的是吡啶硫酮盐。上述去头屑颗粒应该在物理和化学上与组合物的基本组分相容,且不应该不当地破坏产品的稳定性、美观性或性能。
吡啶硫酮盐去头屑颗粒,尤其是1-羟基-2-吡啶硫酮盐是高度优选的用于本发明组合物的去头屑剂颗粒。按所述组合物的重量计,吡啶硫酮去头屑颗粒的浓度典型地为约0.1%至约4%,优选为约0.1%至约3%,更优选为约0.3%至约2%。优选的吡啶硫酮盐包括由重金属如锌、锡、镉、镁、铝和锆,优选锌所形成的那些,更优选1-羟基-2-吡啶硫酮的锌盐(被称为“吡啶硫酮锌”或“ZPT”),更优选片状颗粒形式的1-羟基-2-吡啶硫酮盐,其中颗粒具有的平均尺寸高达约20μ,优选高达约5μ,更优选高达约2.5μ。由其它阳离子如钠所形成的盐也适用于本发明。吡啶硫酮去头屑剂描述于,例如,美国专利2,809,971、3,236,733、3,753,196、3,761,418、4,345,080、4,323,683、4,379,753和4,470,982中。可以设想,当将ZPT用作本文组合物中的去头屑剂颗粒时,可刺激或调节(或同时刺激和调节)毛发的生长或再生,或者可降低或抑制毛发损失,或者毛发将显得更浓密或更丰满。
4.湿润剂
本发明组合物可包含湿润剂。本文的湿润剂选自多元醇、水溶性烷氧基化非离子聚合物,以及它们的混合物。当用于本发明时,润湿剂优选以约0.1%至约20%,更优选以约0.5%至约5%的量被使用。
可用于本发明的多元醇包括甘油、山梨醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、己二醇、乙氧基化葡萄糖、1,2-己二醇、己三醇、二丙二醇、赤藓醇、海藻糖、二甘油、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇、麦芽糖、葡萄糖、果糖、软骨素硫酸钠、透明质酸钠、腺苷磷酸钠、乳酸钠、吡咯烷酮碳酸盐、葡糖胺、环糊精以及它们的混合物。
可用于本发明的水溶性烷氧基化非离子聚合物包括具有分子量等于约1000的聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇,如CTFA名称为PEG-200、PEG-400、PEG-600、PEG-1000、以及它们的混合物的那些。
5.悬浮剂
本发明组合物还可包含悬浮剂,其浓度可有效将水不溶性物质以分散的形式悬浮在组合物中或有效调节组合物的粘度。上述浓度为约0.1%至约10%,优选为约0.3%至约5.0%。
可用于本文的悬浮剂包括阴离子聚合物和非离子聚合物。可用于本发明的是乙烯基聚合物如CTFA名为卡波姆的交联丙烯酸聚合物,纤维素衍生物和改性的纤维素聚合物如甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、硝基纤维素、纤维素硫酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钠、结晶纤维素、纤维素粉末、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醇、瓜耳胶、羟丙基瓜耳胶、黄原胶、***胶、黄蓍胶、半乳聚糖、长豆角胶、瓜耳豆胶、刺梧桐树胶、角叉菜胶、果胶、琼脂、温柏树籽(榅桲子)、淀粉(水稻、玉米、马铃薯、小麦)、海藻胶(藻类提取物)、微生物聚合物如葡聚糖、琥珀酰葡聚糖、普鲁兰,基于淀粉的聚合物如羧甲基淀粉、甲基羟丙基淀粉,基于藻酸的聚合物如藻酸钠、褐藻酸丙二醇酯,丙烯酸酯聚合物如聚丙烯酸钠、聚丙烯酸乙酯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯亚胺和无机水溶性物质如斑脱膨润土、硅酸铝镁、合成锂皂石、锂蒙脱石和无水硅酸。
高度有益于本文的可商购获得的粘度改性剂包括卡波姆,商品名为Carbopol 934、Carbopol 940、Carbopol 950、Carbopol 980、Carbopol 981、Carbopol ETD 2010、Carbopol ETD 2050、Carbopol Ultrez 10和CarbopolAqua SF-1,所有的得自Noveon,Inc.,丙烯酸盐/硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚-20异丁烯酸盐共聚物,商品名ACRYSOL 22,得自Rohm和Hass,壬氧基羟乙基纤维素,商品名AMERCELL POLYMER HM-1500,得自Amerchol,甲基纤维素,商品名BENECEL,羟乙基纤维素,商品名NATROSOL,羟丙基纤维素,商品名KLUCEL,鲸蜡基羟乙基纤维素,商品名POLYSURF67,所有这些都由赫尔克里提供,基于环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的聚合物,商品名CARBOWAX PEGs、POLYOX WASRs和UCON FLUIDS,所有这些都由Amerchol提供。
其它任选的悬浮剂包括结晶悬浮剂,其可被分类为酰基衍生物、长链胺氧化物以及它们的混合物。这些悬浮剂描述于美国专利4,741,855中。这些优选的悬浮剂包括优选地具有约16至约22个碳原子的脂肪酸乙二醇酯。更优选的是硬脂酸乙二醇酯,即单硬脂酸酯和二硬脂酸酯,但尤其是包含低于约7%的单硬脂酸酯的二硬脂酸酯。其它合适的悬浮剂包括脂肪酸的链烷醇酰胺,优选地具有约16至约22个碳原子的,更优选地约16至18个碳原子,其优选的实施例包括硬脂酸一乙醇酰胺、硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺、硬脂酸一异丙醇酰胺和硬脂酸一乙醇酰胺硬脂酸酯。其它长链酰基衍生物包括长链脂肪酸的长链酯(例如硬脂酸十八烷基酯、棕榈酸鲸蜡醇酯等);长链链烷醇酰胺的长链酯(例如硬脂酰胺二乙醇酰胺二硬脂酸酯、硬脂酰胺一乙醇酰胺硬脂酸酯);和甘油酯(例如甘油二硬脂酸酯、三(羟基硬脂酸)酯、三山嵛精(tribehenin)酯),其可商购获得实施例是ThixinR,得自Rheox,Inc.。除了上面列出的优选的物质外,长链酰基衍生物、长链羧酸乙二醇酯、长链胺氧化物和长链羧酸链烷醇酰胺可作为悬浮剂使用。
适合作为悬浮剂使用的其它长链酰基衍生物包括N,N-二烃基酰氨基苯甲酸和其水溶性盐(例如Na盐、K盐),尤其是这类的N,N-二(氢化)C.sub.16、C.sub.18和牛油酰氨基苯甲酸类,其可商购自Stepan Company(Northfield,Ill.,USA)。
作为悬浮剂使用的合适的长链胺氧化物的实施例包括烷基二甲基胺氧化物,例如硬脂基二甲基胺氧化物。
其它合适的悬浮剂包括具有至少约16个碳原子的脂肪烷基部分的伯胺,其实施例包括棕榈胺或十八胺,和具有两个脂肪烷基部分,每个具有至少约12个碳原子的仲胺,其实施例包括二棕榈基胺或二(氢化牛油基)胺。其它合适的悬浮剂还包括二(氢化牛油基)邻苯二甲酰胺和交联的马来酸酐-甲基乙烯基醚共聚物。
6.非离子聚合物
分子量大于约1000的聚亚烷基二醇可用于本发明。可用的是具有下列通式(XI)的那些:
其中R95选自H、甲基以及它们的混合物。在上述结构中,x3所具有的平均值为约1500至约120,000,优选约3,000至约100,000,且更优选约5,000至约50,000。
可用于本文的聚乙二醇聚合物是PEG-2M,其中R95等于H,且x3所具有的平均值为约2,000(PEG-2M还被称为Polyox WSR N-10,其可购自Dow/Amerchol,并且还被称为PEG-2,000);PEG-5M,其中R95等于H,且x3所具有的平均值为约5,000(PEG-5M还被称为Polyox WSRN-35和Polyox WSR N-80,两者均可购自Dow/Amerchol,并且还被称为PEG-5,000和Polyethylene Glycol 300,000);PEG-7M,其中R95等于H,且x3所具有的平均值为约7,000(PEG-7M还被称为Polyox WSRN-750,其可购自Dow/Amerchol);PEG-9M,其中R95等于H,且x3所具有的平均值为约9,000(PEG 9-M还被称为Polyox WSR N-3333,其可购自Dow/Amerchol);PEG-14M,其中R95等于H,且x3所具有的平均值为约14,000(PEG-14M还被称为Polyox WSR N-3000,其可购自Dow/Amerchol);PEG-45M,其中R95等于H,且x3所具有的平均值为约45,000(PEG-45M还被称为Polyox WSR N-60K,其可购自Dow/Amerchol);和PEG-90M,其中R95等于H,且x3所具有的平均值为约90,000(PEG-90M还被称为Polyox WSR-301,其可购自Dow/Amerchol)。
其它有用的聚合物包括聚丙二醇和聚乙烯-聚丙二醇混合物,或聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯共聚物。
7.其它任选组分
本发明组合物也可包含维生素和氨基酸,如:水溶性维生素,如维生素B1、B2、B6、B12、C、泛酸、泛基乙基醚、泛醇、生物素和它们的衍生物;水溶性氨基酸,如天冬酰胺、丙氨酸、吲哚、谷氨酸和它们的盐;水不溶性维生素,如维生素A、D、E和它们的衍生物;水不溶性氨基酸,如酪氨酸、色胺和它们的盐。
本发明的组合物也可包含颜料物质,如无机的、亚硝基的、单偶氮、双偶氮、类胡萝卜素、三苯甲烷、三芳基甲烷、氧杂蒽、喹啉、噁嗪、吖嗪、蒽醌、靛系、硫堇靛青类、二羟基喹啉并吖啶、酞菁、植物性颜料、天然颜料,包括:水溶性组分,如具有下列C.I.名称的染料。本发明组合物也可包括抗微生物剂,其用作化妆品杀虫剂和去头屑剂,包括:水溶性组分如羟甲辛吡铜乙醇胺,水不溶性组分如3,4,4′-三氯碳酰苯胺(三氯生)、三氯卡班和1-氧-2-巯基吡啶锌。
本发明组合物还可包括螯合剂,如:
摩擦试验
在用本发明组合物处理后,毛发的摩擦系数优选为约1至约2。更优选地,毛发的摩擦系数为约1.05至约1.8。还更优选地,毛发的摩擦系数为约1.1至约1.7。甚至更优选地,毛发的摩擦系数为约1.2至约1.6。
摩擦系数根据下述方法来测定:
该方法测量未处理发簇与处理发簇的摩擦力变化。称过重的“滑车”(~4.6mm×3.1mm),重73g+/-5%,用约105微米孔径的尼龙网覆盖,其连接于测力装置,如Instron上,以恒定速度牵引通过20g的毛发簇(大约10英寸长),其一端被夹住。
所使用的毛发为白种人毛发,其被制成20克发簇,10英寸长,已被清洗干净以去除所有外来污垢。然后,该毛发簇被允许在75℃/50%相对湿度(RH)的恒温室中平衡过夜。
将发簇按如下方法处理:在流动的自来水下将发簇预湿润。挤出过量的水,将发簇悬挂在架子上。然后对于免洗型产品,将1.5cc试验产品施用到发簇表面,并将其摩擦揉入发簇,约30-40秒。对于洗去型产品,测试产品以0.1g/g的剂量施用于湿毛发并按摩/使起泡沫约30秒,随后在流速约5.68升/分钟(1.5加仑/分钟)下用水漂洗约30秒,并重复该方法以完成一个处理循环。然后使发簇变干,将上述处理循环总共重复3次。处理后,将发簇重新悬挂在架子上,并置于恒温室(75℃/50%RH)内,平衡过夜。
将被测发簇夹在水平试验台的某个位置,梳理2至3次,确定毛发方向,去除缠结。然后连接“滑板”并放在发簇上。以约1厘米/秒的速度前向拉动“滑板”,从而测量三个独立发簇的摩擦力,同时测量拉力(典型地以克计量)。当“滑板”达到恒定速度后,经至少5cm的距离来记录测量值,取至少十个值的平均值,得每个测量力。每个发簇进行至少三次测量。用处理过的发簇的摩擦力除以未处理毛发的摩擦力的平均比值来确定摩擦系数。
润湿/调理感方法
在用本发明组合物处理后,毛发优选显示具有调理有益效果。测定调理的方法涉及用待评价的组合物处理同样的毛发簇,接着由受过训练的专门小组对该毛发簇进行配对比较,以测试各种调理属性,包括“漂洗期间的光滑手感”、“再润湿时的平滑感”和“易梳理性”。
加工方法
通常,通过在室温或高温如约72℃下,将成分混合在一起,来制备本发明的组合物。仅在组合物中含有固体成分的情况下,才需使用加热。在成批加工的温度下,将成分混合。可在室温下,将附加成分(包括电解质、聚合物和颗粒)加入到产品中。
使用方法
以常规方式使用本发明的个人清洁组合物,以用于清洁和调理毛发或皮肤。将有效量的用于清洁和调理毛发或皮肤的组合物施用于毛发或皮肤上(优选已用水润湿),然后漂洗掉。上述有效量通常为约1gm至约50gm,优选约1gm至约20gm。对毛发的涂敷典型地包括揉搓组合物于毛发以使大部分或所有毛发与组合物接触。
这种用于清洁和调理毛发或皮肤的方法包括下列步骤:
a)用水润湿毛发或皮肤,b)在毛发或皮肤上涂敷有效量的个人清洁组合物,和c)用水漂洗皮肤或毛发上的涂敷区域。这些步骤可以按需要重复多次,以达到所需的清洁和调理有益效果。
非限制性实施例
如下实施例中描述的组合物描述了本发明组合物的具体实施方案,但并不旨在对其限定。在不背离本发明精神和保护范围的情况下,技术人员可以进行其它的修改。本发明组合物的这些示例性实施方案提供了毛发清洁和体积增加有益效果,同时具有良好的润湿调理和梳理性能。
下面的实施例中描述的组合物通过常规制剂和混合方法制备,其实施例如下所阐明。除非另外指明,所有示例的量以重量百分比列出,并排除了微量组分,如稀释剂、防腐剂、有色溶液、假想成分、植物药物等。
本发明组合物可使用常规配制和混合技术制备。当固体表面活性剂或蜡组分的熔化或溶解是必需的时,这些可被加入到表面活性剂预混物中,或某部分的表面活性剂中,在例如约72℃温度下,混合并加热以熔化固体组分。然后混合物可任选地通过高剪切研磨器加工并冷却,然后将剩余组分混合。中空颗粒组分可在经过高剪切研磨加工前或优选在冷却后,加到最终的混合物中。典型地,该组合物所具有的最终粘度为约2Pa.s至20Pa.s(约2000cps至约20,000cps)。组合物的粘度可通过常规方法,包括按需要加入氯化钠或二甲苯磺酸铵来调节。因此,所列制剂包括所列组分和任何与该组分相关的微量组分。
实施例组分 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 8.00 | 15.00 |
十二烷基硫酸铵 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 6.00 | 7.00 | 5.00 |
聚季铵盐-10(1) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.50 | 0.25 | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0.50 |
PEG 90M(2) | 0.20 | |||||||||
三(羟基硬脂酸)甘油酯(3) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
香料溶液 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.70 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 |
柠檬酸钠 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 |
柠檬酸 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
氢氧化钠50% | ||||||||||
氯化钠 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 |
沉淀二氧化硅(4) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.50 | ||||
沉淀二氧化硅(5) | 0.50 | 0.30 | ||||||||
疏水性沉淀二氧化硅(6) | 0.25 | 0.20 | ||||||||
聚甲基倍半硅氧烷(7) | 0.75 | |||||||||
聚甲基倍半硅氧烷(8) | 0.75 | |||||||||
聚乙烯(9) | 0.75 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||||
尼龙-12(10) | 2.00 | |||||||||
球状二氧化硅MSS-500/N(11) | 0.75 | 0.80 | 1.00 | |||||||
球状二氧化硅MSS-500/H(12) | 0.75 | |||||||||
水和微量组分(适量至100%) |
(1)聚合物KG30M,购自Amerchol[电荷密度=1.9meq/g,分子量约为2,000,000]
(2)Polyox WSR-301,购自Amerchol/Dow Chemical Company
(3)Thixin R,购自Rheox,Inc.
(4)Sipernat 22LS,购自Degussa[粒度约为4微米,具体的表面积约175平方米/克]
(5)Sipernat 360,购自Degussa Corp.[粒度约为15微米,具体的表面积约50平方米/克]
(6)Sipernat D11,购自Degussa[粒度约为4微米]
(7)Tospearl 3120,购自GE Silicones[粒度约为12微米,具体的表面积约18平方米/克]
(8)Tospearl 130,购自GE Silicones[粒度约为3微米,具体的表面积约20平方米/克]
(9)Microthene FN51000,购自Quantum Chemical[粒度约为15微米]
(10)SP-10,购自KOBO Products,Inc[粒度约为10微米]
(11)购自KOBO Products Inc.[粒度约为12微米,具体的表面积约80平方米/克]
(12)购自KOBO Products Inc.[粒度约为12微米,具体的表面积约750平方米/克]
依照本文所述的摩擦方法,测试实施例1、2和3的组合物,并发现分别产生1.2、1.2和1.3的摩擦系数,并显示具有良好的湿梳理和湿柔顺性能。
实施例组分 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
聚氧乙烯月桂基醚-3硫酸铵 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 12.50 | 14.0 | 10.00 | 11.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
十二烷基硫酸铵 | 6.00 | 6.00 | 1.50 | 6.00 | 8.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 | |
椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱 | 2.70 | 2.00 | ||||||||
鲸蜡醇 | 0.90 | 0.60 | 0.60 | |||||||
椰油酰胺MEA | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | |||||||
聚季铵盐-10(13) | 0.50 | |||||||||
聚季铵盐-10(14) | 0.50 | 0.20 | ||||||||
聚季铵盐-10(15) | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||||||||
聚季铵盐-10(1) | 0.50 | 0.25 | 0.35 | |||||||
瓜耳胶羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(16) | 0.50 | |||||||||
聚二甲基硅氧烷(17) | 0.25 | |||||||||
聚二甲基硅氧烷(18) | 0.20 | |||||||||
PEG 14M(19) | 0.30 | |||||||||
乙二醇二硬脂酸酯 | 1.50 | 1.50 | ||||||||
三(羟基硬脂酸)甘油酯(3) | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.30 | |||||||
卡波姆(20) | 1.00 | |||||||||
香料溶液 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.85 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.90 |
柠檬酸钠 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 |
柠檬酸 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
氯化钠 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 3.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 2.50 | 0.45 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
沉淀二氧化硅(4) | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 0.50 | |||||
聚甲基倍半硅氧烷(21) | 1.00 | 2.00 | ||||||||
热解法二氧化硅(22) | 2.00 | 0.50 | 0.50 | |||||||
Expancel 091DE(23) | 0.25 | 1.00 | ||||||||
Scotchlite Glass Bubbles(24) | 1.00 | 0.20 | 1.00 | 0.50 | ||||||
聚乙烯(25) | 1.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
水和微量组分(适量至100%) |
(13)Polymer LR400,购自Amerchol,其电荷密度约为0.7meq/g,且分子量约为400,000
(14)Polymer JR30M,购自Amerchol,其电荷密度约为1.25meq/g,且分子量约为2,000,000
(15)阳离子纤维素,Amerchol提供[电荷密度约为2.4meq/g,分子量约为450,000]
(16)阳离子瓜耳胶,Aqualon提供[电荷密度约为2.1meq/g,分子量约为2,400,000]
(17)Viscasil 330M,购自General Electric
(18)0.06m2/s(60,000csk)的粒度约300nm的聚二甲基硅氧烷的乳液,以DC1664购自DowCorning
(19)Polyox WSR N-3000,购自Union Carbide
(20)Carbopol Ultrez 10,购自Noveon,Inc.
(21)Tospearl 240硅氧烷树脂颗粒,购自General Electric Silicones[粒度约为4微米]
(22)Aerosil 200,购自Degussa Corp
(23)Expancel 091DE,购自Akzo Nobel[粒度约为35至55微米]
(24)Scotchlite Glass Bubbles S60,购自3M Corp[粒度约为30微米]
(25)Micropoly 250S,购自Micro Powders,Inc[粒度约为3微米]
应该理解,本发明所述的实施例和实施方案仅仅是说明性的,在不背离本发明范围的情况下,本领域的专业人员可以对其进行各种改变和变化。
Claims (12)
1.一种个人清洁组合物,所述组合物包含:
a)5%至50%重量的去污表面活性剂,
b)至少0.1%重量的不规则形状颗粒,其粒度为至少0.01微米,
c)至少0.1%重量的球状颗粒,其粒度为至少0.01微米,
d)20%重量的含水载体,
其中所述球状颗粒的中值粒度大于所述不规则形状颗粒的中值粒度。
2.如权利要求1所述的个人清洁组合物,所述组合物还包含阳离子聚合物。
3.如权利要求2所述的个人清洁组合物,其中所述阳离子聚合物所具有的电荷密度为1.2meq/g至7meq/g并且所具有的分子量为10,000至10,000,000。
4.如权利要求2所述的个人清洁组合物,其中所述阳离子聚合物选自阳离子纤维素衍生物和阳离子瓜耳胶衍生物。
5.如权利要求2所述的个人清洁组合物,其中所述阳离子聚合物所具有的电荷密度为1.5meq/g至3.0meq/g。
6.如权利要求1所述的个人清洁组合物,其中所述球状颗粒选自球状聚乙烯、硅氧烷树脂、尼龙,以及它们的混合物。
7.如权利要求1所述的个人清洁组合物,其中所述不规则形状颗粒选自金属氧化物、二氧化硅、氧化铝,以及它们的混合物。
8.如权利要求1所述的个人清洁组合物,其中所述球状颗粒为0.1微米至100微米。
9.如权利要求1所述的个人清洁组合物,所述组合物还包含调理剂。
10.如权利要求9所述的个人清洁组合物,其中所述调理剂与所述组合物总颗粒的重量比率小于2∶1。
11.一种个人清洁组合物,所述组合物包含:
a)5%至50%重量的去污表面活性剂,
b)至少0.1%重量的不规则形状颗粒,其粒度为至少0.01微米,
c)至少0.1%重量的球状颗粒,其粒度为至少0.01微米,
d)20%重量的含水载体,
其中所述球状颗粒与所述不规则形状颗粒的重量比率为至少1∶1。
12.一种个人清洁组合物,所述组合物包含:
a)5%至50%重量的去污表面活性剂,
b)至少0.1%重量的颗粒,其粒度为至少0.01微米,
c)至少0.1%重量的球状颗粒,其粒度为至少0.01微米,
d)20%重量的含水载体,
其中在用所述个人清洁组合物处理后,毛发显示具有的摩擦系数为1至2。
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-
2004
- 2004-01-27 BR BR0406944-7A patent/BRPI0406944A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-01-27 CA CA2514557A patent/CA2514557C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-27 CN CNB2004800020353A patent/CN100409831C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-27 AU AU2004207557A patent/AU2004207557B2/en not_active Expired
- 2004-01-27 MX MXPA05007635 patent/MX271467B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2004-01-27 US US10/765,423 patent/US20040186030A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-01-27 WO PCT/US2004/002199 patent/WO2004066970A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-01-27 EP EP04705637A patent/EP1587487A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-01-27 JP JP2005518370A patent/JP2006515000A/ja active Pending
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CN102065823B (zh) * | 2008-05-16 | 2015-11-25 | 雅芳产品公司 | 用于提供超疏水性的组合物 |
CN102065823A (zh) * | 2008-05-16 | 2011-05-18 | 雅芳产品公司 | 用于提供超疏水性的组合物 |
US9297107B2 (en) | 2010-04-12 | 2016-03-29 | Xeros Limited | Cleaning method |
US9850455B2 (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2017-12-26 | Xeros Limited | Cleaning method |
US9803307B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2017-10-31 | Xeros Limited | Cleaning method |
CN103348049B (zh) * | 2011-01-14 | 2016-09-21 | 塞罗斯有限公司 | 改善的清洁方法 |
CN103348049A (zh) * | 2011-01-14 | 2013-10-09 | 塞罗斯有限公司 | 改善的清洁方法 |
US9127882B2 (en) | 2011-01-19 | 2015-09-08 | Xeros Limited | Drying method |
CN105102071A (zh) * | 2013-04-10 | 2015-11-25 | 宝洁公司 | 包含聚有机倍半硅氧烷颗粒的口腔护理组合物 |
CN103550073B (zh) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-07-08 | 拉芳家化股份有限公司 | 一种增加头发体积感的弹力乳 |
CN103550073A (zh) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-02-05 | 拉芳家化股份有限公司 | 一种增加头发体积感的弹力乳 |
CN112608798A (zh) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-06 | 姜洪梅 | 一种列管式茉莉花香气物质提取预处理装置 |
CN112608798B (zh) * | 2021-01-05 | 2023-11-03 | 浙江台州匠成塑业有限公司 | 一种列管式茉莉花香气物质提取预处理装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2004207557A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
MXPA05007635A (es) | 2005-09-30 |
BRPI0406944A (pt) | 2006-01-03 |
CN100409831C (zh) | 2008-08-13 |
WO2004066970A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
CA2514557A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
MX271467B (es) | 2009-11-03 |
JP2006515000A (ja) | 2006-05-18 |
CA2514557C (en) | 2012-05-22 |
AU2004207557B2 (en) | 2007-03-08 |
US20040186030A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
EP1587487A1 (en) | 2005-10-26 |
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