CN1714239A - 用于内燃机的燃料喷射装置的高压泵 - Google Patents
用于内燃机的燃料喷射装置的高压泵 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
- F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
- F04B1/0413—Cams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
- F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
- F02M59/102—Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0001—Fuel-injection apparatus with specially arranged lubricating system, e.g. by fuel oil
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
- F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
- F04B1/0426—Arrangements for pressing the pistons against the actuated cam; Arrangements for connecting the pistons to the actuated cam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
- F04B1/053—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with actuating or actuated elements at the inner ends of the cylinders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
- F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
高压泵具有一个驱动轴(12)及至少一个泵元件(14),该泵元件具有一个通过该驱动轴(12)在往复直线运动中被驱动的泵柱塞(20),其中,在该驱动轴(12)的一个相对其转动轴线(13)偏心地设置的轴区段(16)上,可转动地支承着一个环(18),该泵柱塞(20)通过一个支承元件(24)支撑在该环(18)上。该环(18)和/或该支承元件(24)至少在其接触区域中具有大量的微凹部(42),并且在该环(18)和/或该支承元件(24)上,至少在其接触区域中被涂敷一个固体润滑剂层(40)。
Description
现有技术
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1所述类型的用于内燃机的燃料喷射装置的高压泵。
一个这样的高压泵已经由DE 198 29 548 A1公开。该高压泵具有一个驱动轴及至少一个泵元件,该泵元件具有一个通过该驱动轴在往复直线运动中被驱动的泵柱塞。该驱动轴具有一个相对其旋转轴线偏心地构造的轴区段,在该轴区段上可转动地支承着一个环。泵柱塞通过一个支承元件支撑在环上。驱动轴的旋转运动通过该环转变成泵柱塞的往复直线移动,该环不随驱动轴一起旋转。在该环与该支承元件的接触区域中,由于由泵柱塞产生的压力,作用有大的力。为了进一步降低内燃机的油耗及有害物的排放,燃料喷射时的压力必须越来越高,该压力必须通过高压泵来产生。由此,高压泵的部件的载荷升高,环与支承元件之间的摩损增大。此外,为了减少有害物的排放,开发出新型的燃料,该燃料含硫量特别低。不过,其中该燃料的润滑特性恶化。由此,在某些情况下,不能保证高压泵具有足够的寿命。
本发明的优点
根据本发明的、具有权利要求1的特征的高压泵具有其优点:这样地改善环及支承元件的抗摩擦性,使得高压泵即使在产生了非常高的压力以及燃料的润滑效果低时,也能获得足够的寿命。
在从属权利要求中,给出了根据本发明的高压泵的有利构型及进一步构造。
附图说明
在附图中示出了本发明的一个实施例,并且在下面的说明中对其进行了详细说明。
附图表示:
图1一个高压泵的一个纵剖面图,
图2为高压泵沿着图1中线II-II的横截面,
图3为高压泵在图2中以III标示的部分,具有第一实施形式的微凹部,及
图4至6微凹部的其它实施例。
实施例的说明
在图1至6中示出了一个用于例如汽车的内燃机的燃料喷射装置的高压泵,该高压泵构造成一个径向柱塞泵。通过该高压泵,将燃料在可高达2000bar的高压下输送到例如一个储存器内,燃料再由此取出以喷射到内燃机中。该高压泵具有一个壳体10,其中围绕轴线13可转动地支承着的一个驱动轴12。在壳体10中安装至少一个优选多个泵元件14,它们由所述驱动轴12驱动。该驱动轴12具有一个与其旋转轴线13偏心地构造的轴区段16,在其上面可转动地支承着一个环18。所述这些泵元件14各具有一个泵柱塞20,它在一个至少几乎与驱动轴12的旋转轴线13呈径向地延伸的缸孔22中可移动地密封地被导向。每个泵元件14的泵柱塞,以其柱塞基部21通过一个支承元件24支撑于环18上。在此,通过一个弹簧26,该柱塞基部21能够被保持贴靠于支承元件24上,并通过该支承元件24被保持在环18上,这里的弹簧26以一侧支撑于壳体10上,以另一侧通过一个弹簧座23支撑于支承元件24上。所述支承元件24可以构造成例如支承板或者推杆。
通过相应的泵柱塞20限定了泵工作腔28边界,它通过一个向泵工作腔28打开的入口阀30可以与一个燃料输入部分相连接,在该燃料输入部分中呈低压。此外,该泵工作腔28可以通过一个向储存器打开的排出阀32与储存器相连接。在驱动轴12旋转时,泵柱塞20通过驱动轴12的偏心的轴区段16及不随驱动轴12一起转动的环18驱动形成往复直线运动。当泵柱塞20径向向内运动时,它就执行吸入行程,此时入口阀30打开,由此燃料流入泵工作腔28内,此时的排出阀32关闭。当泵柱塞20径向向外运动时,它就执行排流行程,此时入口阀30关闭,由泵柱塞20压缩的燃料通过打开的排出阀32在高压下到达存储室内。
所述环18相应于泵元件14的个数在其外侧上具有一些整平部分34,对应的支承元件24靠置在这些整平部分上。在高压泵运行期间,该环18及这些支承元件24通过泵柱塞20在其排流行程及吸入行程中的周期性的加载及卸载被振荡地加载,其中,在这些支承元件24与该环18的接触区域之间作用有不同大小的压力。优选的设置是:通过高压泵输送的燃料量能够与内燃机的需求相匹配。为此,这样限制到泵工作腔28中的燃料输入,使得这些泵工作腔仅部分地被填充。这可以例如通过在向泵工作腔28的入口中的吸入节流部分来实现。在泵工作腔28的部分填充中,还会额外地出现对环18及支承元件24的冲击性的载荷,因为燃料的输送及由此对环18及支承元件24的压力加载,直到泵柱塞20进行部分空行程后才发生。
在环18上涂敷了一个固体润滑剂层40,该固体润滑剂层在其外侧上,至少在这些整平部分34上,这些整平部分是与所述支承元件24的接触区域。此外,该环18在其外侧上、至少在这些整平部分34上,以及由此在与支承元件24的接触区域内,具有大量的微凹部42,在图3至6中放大地示出了这些微凹部。环18优选由钢制成。
这些微凹部42可以例如如图3所示构造成小杯状,它们均匀或者不均匀分布地设置在环18的整平部分34的表面上。作为替换方案,这些微凹部42也可以如图4所示构造成至少近似地呈直线延伸的凹槽,它们在纵向或横向或任意的其他方向上在环18的整平部分34的表面上延伸。或者作为替换方案也可以如图5所示,这些微凹部42构造成彼此相交的凹槽,它们在环18的整平部分34的表面上延伸。此外作为替换方案,这些微凹部42也可以如图6所示构造成至少近似圆弧段状延伸的凹槽,它们至少近似彼此同心延伸地,设置在环18的整平部分34的表面上。还可以将微凹部42的上述的不同的实施形式进行组合而加以应用。
这些微凹部42优选具有大约2至30μm的深度,大构15至30μm的宽度,彼此以大约30至150μm的间隔设置。这些微凹部42可以借助公知的加工方法引入到环18的整平部分34的表面中,例如激光加工、硬车削(Harddrehen)、电火花加工,或者光刻法(lithographisch)。
所述固体润滑剂层40被涂敷到环18的整平部分34的表面上,并且可以覆盖整个面,即不仅覆盖微凹部42,也覆盖那些位于它们之间的凸起的区域。在此,在该固体润滑剂层40的表面上,这些微凹部42相应地印出凹部的轮廓。在这些固体润滑剂层40的凹部中可以积聚燃料,通过该燃料改善了环18与支承元件24之间的润滑。高压泵开始运行时,在环18与支承元件24之间的接触区域之间存在该固体润滑剂层40,使得高压泵的启动容易。不过在高压泵的运行期间,该固体润滑剂层40将被磨损掉。在高压泵经过一定的运行时间后,该固体润滑剂层40仅还存在于微凹部42中。当环18继续摩损时,其它的固体润滑剂不断从微凹部42中排出,从而改善了环18与支承元件24之间的润滑。固体润滑剂层40的厚度在其初始状态时例如在10μm至20μm之间。
也可以这样设置:首先将固体润滑剂层40涂敷到环18上,然后加工微凹部42。在这种情况下,在这些微凹部42中没有固体润滑剂,不过,它们却有在其中积聚燃料的效果,该燃料改善了环18与支承元件24之间的润滑。
作为替换也可以这样设置:仅将固体润滑剂层40涂敷到微凹部42中,而位于这些微凹部之间的凸起的区域没有固体润滑剂层40。那么在高压泵运行期间,由于存在的摩擦,固体润滑剂不断从这些微凹部42中排出,从而改善了环18与支承元件24之间的润滑。也可以这样设置,使固体润滑剂层40在微凹部42的深度方向上仅仅部分地对其填充。在这种情况下,高压泵开始运行时,在这些微凹部42中积聚燃料,通过该燃料改善了环18与支承元件24之间的润滑。随着高压泵运转时间的增加,由于磨损,这些微凹部42的深度减小,以致从这些微凹部中逐渐地排出固体润滑剂,从而改善了环18与支承元件24之间的润滑。
固体润滑剂层40由一种粘结材料组成,其中掺入固体润滑剂颗粒。固体润滑剂层40可以例如以液态的漆的形式或通过其他公知的应用技术涂敷到环18上。该粘结材料可以由一些有机或者无机化合物组成。应用无机化合物作为粘结材料,相对于有机化合物呈现出具有较高的耐热性的优点。应用有化合物剂作为粘结材料,相对于无机化合物呈现出具有较好的耐蚀性的优点。对粘结材料的选择,取决于对于耐热性及燃料稳定性的要求。固体润滑剂颗粒以颗粒的形式均匀分布于粘结材料中,其直径大小为几个微米,优选在大约3至8μm之间。作为固体润滑剂尤其使用聚四氟乙烯或石墨或者二硫化钼,其中也可以使用这些物质的混合物。由聚四氟乙烯及二硫化钼组成的混合物能够实现环18与支承元件24之间很小的摩擦系数。
为了达到固体润滑剂层40在环18上的附着的最佳化,可以对环18的表面进行化学预处理,例如进行磷化处理,由此形成一个增强附着力的中间层44。该中间层这样设置,即微凹部42不会被其填平。该中间层的厚度最大应为微凹部42的深度的大约20%。
作为对环18的处理的替代或补充也可以将支承元件24在其与环18的接触区域中设置一个相应的固体润滑剂层40及一些微凹部42,方法与上面所述相同。
Claims (9)
1.高压泵,用于内燃机的燃料喷射装置,具有一个驱动轴(12)及至少一个泵元件(14),该泵元件具有一个通过该驱动轴(12)在往复直线运动中被驱动的泵柱塞(20),其中,在该驱动轴(12)的一个相对其旋转轴线(13)偏心地设置的轴区段(16)上,可转动地支承着一个环(18),该泵柱塞(20)通过一个支承元件(24)支撑在该环(18)上,其特征为:该环(18)和/或该支承元件(24)至少在其接触区域中具有大量的微凹部(42),并且在该环(18)和/或该支承元件(24)上,至少在其接触区域中涂敷了一个固体润滑剂层(40)。
2.根据权利要求1的高压泵,其特征为:这些微凹部(42)具有一个大约2至30μm的深度,和/或一个大约15至30μm的宽度,和/或一个彼此之间大约30至150μm的间距。
3.根据权利要求1或2的高压泵,其特征为:这些微凹部(42)被构造成小杯状。
4.根据权利要求1或2的高压泵,其特征为:这些微凹部(42)被构造成凹槽的形式。
5.根据权利要求4的高压泵,其特征为:这些凹槽彼此交叉。
6.根据权利要求4的高压泵,其特征为:这些凹槽被构造成至少近似圆弧段状。
7.根据上述权利要求之一的高压泵,其特征为:所述固体润滑剂层(40)包含聚四氟乙烯和/或石墨和/或二硫化钼。
8.根据上述权利要求之一的高压泵,其特征为:所述固体润滑剂层(40)具有一种粘结材料,其中均匀分布地掺入一些固体润滑剂颗粒。
9.根据上述权利要求之一的高压泵,其特征为:在该环(18)和/或该支承元件(24)的表面与该固体润滑剂层(40)之间设置了一个增强附着力的中间层(44)。
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DE10256528.7 | 2002-12-04 | ||
US10256528.7 | 2002-12-04 | ||
DE10256528A DE10256528A1 (de) | 2002-12-04 | 2002-12-04 | Hochdruckpumpe für eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung einer Brennkraftmaschine |
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CN1714239A true CN1714239A (zh) | 2005-12-28 |
CN100557234C CN100557234C (zh) | 2009-11-04 |
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US (1) | US7278348B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1570178B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2006509142A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100557234C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE10256528A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2004051084A1 (zh) |
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CN102472257A (zh) * | 2009-06-29 | 2012-05-23 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 高压泵 |
CN101903654B (zh) * | 2007-12-17 | 2013-01-02 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 泵、尤其燃料高压泵 |
CN103261661A (zh) * | 2010-12-17 | 2013-08-21 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 高压泵 |
CN103470416A (zh) * | 2013-09-26 | 2013-12-25 | 南岳电控(衡阳)工业技术有限公司 | 一种应用于高压共轨燃油喷射***的径向柱塞供油泵 |
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DE20313014U1 (de) * | 2003-08-21 | 2004-12-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hochdruckpumpe für eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102007044499A1 (de) * | 2007-09-18 | 2009-03-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Kraftstoffpumpe, insbesondere für ein Kraftstoffsystem einer Kolben-Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102007047015A1 (de) * | 2007-10-01 | 2009-04-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Beschichtetes Bauteil und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Bauteils |
DE102008001713A1 (de) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Radialkolbenpumpe |
IT1392791B1 (it) * | 2008-07-17 | 2012-03-23 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Pompa di alta pressione per alimentare combustibile ad un motore a combustione interna |
JP2010216262A (ja) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-30 | Denso Corp | 燃料噴射ポンプ |
IT1394573B1 (it) * | 2009-07-07 | 2012-07-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Pompa ad alta pressione migliorata per alimentare combustibile a un motore a combustione interna e anello di tenuta albero migliorato per la stessa |
EP2302194B1 (en) | 2009-07-08 | 2012-09-19 | Delphi Technologies Holding S.à.r.l. | A pump unit |
DE102013204897A1 (de) | 2013-03-20 | 2014-09-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Pumpe, insbesondere Kraftstoffhochdruckpumpe für eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung |
US9816493B2 (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2017-11-14 | Exergy Engineering Llc | Fuel injection pump |
DE102013210036A1 (de) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-12-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hochdruckpumpe für ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem |
DE102013212047A1 (de) | 2013-06-25 | 2015-01-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Pumpvorrichtung, insbesondere Kraftstoffhochdruckpumpvorrichtung für eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung |
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- 2002-12-04 DE DE10256528A patent/DE10256528A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-08-11 JP JP2004555988A patent/JP2006509142A/ja active Pending
- 2003-08-11 CN CNB038255391A patent/CN100557234C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-11 WO PCT/DE2003/002703 patent/WO2004051084A1/de active Application Filing
- 2003-08-11 EP EP03812124A patent/EP1570178B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-11 US US10/537,247 patent/US7278348B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN101903654B (zh) * | 2007-12-17 | 2013-01-02 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 泵、尤其燃料高压泵 |
US8522755B2 (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2013-09-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Pump, in particular high-pressure fuel pump |
CN102472257A (zh) * | 2009-06-29 | 2012-05-23 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 高压泵 |
CN103261661A (zh) * | 2010-12-17 | 2013-08-21 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 高压泵 |
CN103470416A (zh) * | 2013-09-26 | 2013-12-25 | 南岳电控(衡阳)工业技术有限公司 | 一种应用于高压共轨燃油喷射***的径向柱塞供油泵 |
CN103470416B (zh) * | 2013-09-26 | 2016-08-17 | 南岳电控(衡阳)工业技术股份有限公司 | 一种应用于高压共轨燃油喷射***的径向柱塞供油泵 |
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CN100557234C (zh) | 2009-11-04 |
JP2006509142A (ja) | 2006-03-16 |
US7278348B2 (en) | 2007-10-09 |
WO2004051084A1 (de) | 2004-06-17 |
US20060093490A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
DE10256528A1 (de) | 2004-06-24 |
EP1570178A1 (de) | 2005-09-07 |
EP1570178B1 (de) | 2011-06-08 |
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