CN1666931A - 由热塑性塑料制成宽口桶的制造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种热塑性塑料制成宽口桶的制造方法,在吹塑模中吹制成桶体(2),该桶体(2)包括桶身(3)、带或不带脚环(5)的桶底(4)、要制造的宽口桶开口边缘高度位置的桶身(3)的滚边(6)、关闭的盖子(9)或旋塞阀盖、滚边(6)与盖子(9)之间的间环(10)以及至少一个集成在盖子(9)、间环(10)、桶身(3)和桶底(4)中的导电接触条(11);在吹塑模中挤压出的塑料管被预吹制成预成形件,在将预成形件的最后吹塑过程中,该间环(10)用于推入吹嘴,导电接触条(11)用于建立桶身(2)内表面(12)与导电的或能抗静电的外表面(13)之间的电连接。当桶身(2)在吹塑模中冷却并将桶体(2)取出之后,从该桶体(2)切除间环(10),在将密封圈套入盖子(9)的密封床之后,利用夹紧环将盖子(9)固定在桶身(3)的滚边(6)上。
Description
背景技术
为了制造欧洲专利公报EP0 781 234 B1中介绍的带有一个可卸下盖子及夹紧环压紧装置的热塑性塑料宽口桶而采用挤压吹塑成形的制成方法。在挤压吹塑成形方法的第一工序中,利用管头挤压出塑料管;在第二工序中,在二个吹塑模中将塑料管吹制成预成形件,该预成形件随后通过接触吹塑模冷却的、具有某种形状的侧壁凝固而最终被吹塑成闭合桶身。然后,为了制造桶身上底处的桶开口,借助于切削工具沿着在桶身纵轴中间位置处的截面切出桶身。宽口桶的关闭盖子通过注塑机来制造。生产宽口带盖桶需要较高购置成本的吹塑机和注塑机。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于,开发一种基于已知挤压吹塑方法来制造宽口桶的方法,使利用注塑机注塑盖子的工作成为多余的。进一步地,还应开发出能用热塑性塑料制造电气接地的宽口桶的新方法。
本发明的这个任务通过以下用热塑性塑料制造宽口桶的制造方法来实现:该桶具有可卸下的盖子及夹紧环压紧装置,其中单层或多层的塑料管在吹塑模中挤压出来并被吹塑成桶体,其中,桶体的吹塑模包括桶身、带有或不带脚环的桶底、桶身上用于安放带有夹紧环压紧装置的盖子的滚边、关闭的盖子或旋塞阀盖子以及位于滚边和盖子或桶开口边缘与盖子之间的间环,其中所述滚边形成于要制造的宽口桶的开口边缘的高度或在开口边缘下面一段距离的桶身上;用于将闭合预成形件最终吹塑成带有关闭盖子的桶体的吹入气体,通过至少一个推入间环的推入吹嘴导入,用于将闭合的预成形件最终吹塑成带有旋塞阀盖子的桶体的吹入气体通过***旋塞阀盖子上至少一个旋塞阀的旋塞孔的吹嘴和/或通过至少一个推入间环的吹嘴导入;在吹塑模中的桶体冷却并取出桶体之后,通过将间环从桶体上切下而使桶身和盖子互相分离,并在将密封圈套入盖子的密封床上之后利用夹紧环将盖子固定在桶体的滚边上。
本发明提供用热塑性塑料制造电气接地的宽口桶的新方法任务进一步通过如下方法实现:在上述方法的基础上,在不导电原料制成的多层管与在所述管范围内截面上的,尤其是由导电塑料材料制成的至少一根接触条复合,并且将所述管子预吹制成预成形件,以及将所述预成形件最终吹制成通过在桶盖子、间环、桶身及桶底上集成的至少一根导电接触条而接地的桶体,该导电接触条建立桶体的内表面与外表面之间的电连接,并且其厚度与桶体的壁厚一致。
从属权利要求包含了对本发明作了有益和切合实际的进一步改进。
按照本发明的方法由热塑性塑料制成宽口桶的方法,基于欧洲专利公报EP0781234B1中描述的宽口桶的挤压吹塑成形方法,到目前为止要求用注塑机注塑出桶盖子的工作是多余的,并且能够制造具有广泛电气接地线的塑料宽口桶,有了该接地线,流动的装入货物中及桶内表面处出现的电荷和通过桶外表面摩擦产生的电荷就能通过桶身、桶底和桶盖子中集成的导电接触条和导电或能抗静电的桶外表面导入地面。桶的外表面处、桶内部空间以及桶内要运输和储存的液体和散装货物的接地线,使采用本发明的方法制造出的桶作为易燃液体、乳剂、溶剂、燃点<61℃的染料和油漆等的危险货物容器,并可用于易燃的散装货物,和用在通过气体、蒸汽或雾而造成易爆环境的操作间中。
附图说明
下面将结合以下附图说明本发明的宽口桶的制造方法。
图1为注塑和冷却之后从注塑机中取出的、带有脚环和关闭盖子的桶体的纵剖面图;
图2为在从图1所示的桶体上切除用于导入吹塑工作所需的推入吹嘴的间环之后,桶身和桶盖的纵向剖面图;
图3为带脚环和关闭盖子的、装配好的宽口桶的侧视图;
图4为图3所示宽口桶的盖子区域的放大剖面图;
图5为图3所示具有三层结构的宽口桶的桶壁局部横截面放大图;
图6为与图5对应的、具有六层结构的宽口桶的桶壁截面图;
图7a和7b为闭合和打开的、带有吹塑成形桶体的吹塑模的截面放大示意图;
图8为带有脚环、旋塞阀盖子和用于导入推入吹嘴的间环的出模桶体的纵向剖面图;
图9为带有脚环、旋塞阀盖子和窄间环的出模桶体的纵向剖面图,其中通过一个***进气及排气旋塞阀的旋塞孔的吹嘴吹制出桶体;
图10为带有其他外形关闭盖子的、装配好的宽口桶的立体图;
图11为图10所示宽口桶盖子区域的放大截面图。
具体实施方式
为了生产热塑性塑料宽口桶而采用挤压注塑方法时,在第一工序中利用注塑机的挤压头将绝缘原料挤压出 个多层的、尤其是三层的塑料管,该三层管包括一个内层、一个中间层、一个导电的或能持久抗静电的外层,以及至少一个由导电塑料制成的在管壁范围内设置的接触条。在用闭合工具将上侧管端闭合之后,利用由输入管下端的吹嘴导入的吹入气体将该挤压出的多层塑料管预吹成预成形件。
还可以在将下侧管端闭合后,利用通过挤压头中气嘴送入的气体将挤压成形的管预先吹制成预成形件。
然后,在用闭合单元将该预成形件的下端挤合,并且图7a和7b中的吹塑模1分开的两个模块闭合之后,在第二工序中,将预成形件吹制成图1所示的桶体2。其中,该桶体2包括桶身3,带有桶环5的桶底4,在要生产的宽口桶8的开口边缘7的高度上设置的滚边6,关闭的盖子9,位于滚边6和盖子9之间的间环10,以及在盖子9、间环10、桶身3和桶底4中预先整体吹入的导电接触条11,该导电接触条11形成了桶体2内表面12与外表面13之间的电连接,并且其厚度与桶体2的桶壁厚度一致。吹入气体通过一个或多个吹嘴14导入,吹嘴在预成形件的截面上推入,吹制成桶体2的间环10。
在吹模中复合多层塑料管的过程中,由挤压头连续或不连续地射出的材料管至少在整个范围内的一处被劈开,并且在劈开部位喷入导电塑料材料以形成与预成形间均匀焊接在一起的接触条。
对于如图1到4所示的桶结构,吹制出带关闭盖子9的桶体2,盖子9带有向下开口的U形外缘15,在外缘15上有用于安装盖子密封衬垫17的密封床16。当在吹塑模1中最终吹制出桶体2时,利用两个可相向运动的型板18,19(图7a)挤压出盖子外缘15及其密封床16。通过挤压盖子边缘,吹制出形状稳定的盖子,该盖子具有无瑕疵、无需再加工的密封床,并在分型面区域内没有恼人的突起出现。
当在吹塑模1中最终吹制出桶体2时,在盖子9的外缘15处的用于卡入桶把手的卡入槽22与在卡入槽22下面形成用于加强桶盖的环形桥23之间的过渡截面21位置形成环绕的加强突起20。
当带关闭盖子9的桶体2冷却后,其U形外缘15通过型板18,19从内外冷却,打开吹塑模1并从吹塑模中取出桶体2(图7b)。
接着,与图1,2及7b相应,沿着穿过垂直于桶体2长轴26-26的两个截面的给定分型线24,25,截取出间环10,并用热空气气刨桶身3及盖子9的截边27,28以去掉截面毛刺。
然后,使桶身3及盖子9经过冷却段。
现在将密封圈17套入盖子9的密封床16中,然后在宽口桶8总装时利用夹紧环29将盖子9固定在桶身3的滚边6上(图3和4)。
图5显示了宽口桶8的桶身3、桶底4及盖子9的三层结构,该结构包括内层30,中间层31和导电或能抗静电的外层32,其中外层32例如可含有导电碳黑成分。
为了制造中间层31,可以采用纯聚乙烯或含导电碳黑成分的聚乙烯制成的可循环粒料或者粉碎料,次新的聚乙烯粒料可以作为内层30和外层32的原料。
图6显示了宽口桶8的六层结构,该结构包括由高密度纯聚乙烯(HDPE)制成的内层30,由聚酰胺(PA)或乙烯基-乙酸酯共聚物(EVA)制成的阻挡层33,该阻挡层33用于阻挡氧气和碳氢化合物的渗透,并介于低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)粘接层34,35之间,由高密度纯聚乙烯或含由导电成分的高密度聚乙烯的循环粒料或粉碎料制成的中间层31,以及由含导电成分的高密度聚乙烯制成的导电或能抗静电的外层32。
在宽口桶8的桶身3、桶底4及盖子9中,至少集成有一条含导电碳黑成分的高密度聚乙烯接触条11,该接触条11形成了宽口桶8内表面12与外表面13之间的电连接,并且其厚度与桶的桶壁厚度一致。导电接触条11平行于桶的纵轴26-26穿过圆柱形的桶身3,并径向经过宽口桶8的桶底4及关闭的盖子9。
宽口桶8通过导电接触条11及导电或能抗静电的外层32接地线,从而能将桶8内表面12上的、流动的装载货物或散装货物的和桶外表面13上的电荷导入地面。
根据上述方法,也可生产不带脚环、而是在桶身3与桶底4之间有倒圆过渡的宽口桶8(图10)。
还可以用上述方法生产带旋塞阀盖子37的宽口桶,其中旋塞阀盖子37包括一个装入及取出旋塞阀38和一个进气及排气旋塞阀39(图8和9)。在生产带旋塞阀盖子的宽口桶时,用于最终吹制闭合预成形件的吹塑气体通过吹嘴从两个旋塞阀38,39中的一个旋塞孔40导入。通过推入桶体的间环10的一个或多个吹嘴14,可以将用于冷却吹塑模1中桶体的通风空气导入吹塑完成的桶体内。在向吹塑完成的桶体2的旋塞阀盖子37中的一个或两个旋塞孔39,40导入通风空气过程中,间环10中不再需要推入气嘴,从而能使间环更窄(图9)。
图10和11显示了用上述方法生产的带有关闭盖子或旋塞阀盖子41的宽口桶8,盖子41具有一个外缘42和一个内缘43,并有向下开口的环形空间44及用于容纳盖子密封圈17的密封床16,其中固定在桶身3上的盖子41的外缘42罩住桶颈部45,经过桶开口边缘7下面盖子底46处的盖子41的内缘43伸入桶颈部45,利用在开口边缘48下面一段距离处形成的桶身3滚边47和盖子外边缘42的环形法兰48处起作用的夹紧环29,将盖子41固定在桶身3上。
在盖子底46的底边49与桶盖41的内缘43之间的边角区域内,形成有环形的加强突起50,并且在桶盖41内缘43的下端处设有圆锥形加强环51。
上述方法也可以用于生产没有电接地线的宽口桶。在此情况下,吹塑模中的挤压单层或多层塑料管没有配备导电塑料材料。
Claims (13)
1.一种由热塑性塑料制成宽口桶的制造方法,该桶具有可卸下的盖子及夹紧环压紧装置,其中单层或多层的塑料管在吹塑模中挤压出来并被吹塑成桶体,其特征在于,桶体(2)的吹塑模包括桶身(3)、带有或不带脚环(5)的桶底(4)、桶身(3)上用于安放带有夹紧环压紧装置(29)的盖子(9,37,41)的滚边(6,47)、关闭的盖子(9,41)或旋塞阀盖子(37,41)以及位于滚边(6)和盖子(9,41)或桶开口边缘(7)与盖子(41)之间的间环(10),其中所述滚边(6,47)形成于要制造的宽口桶(8)的开口边缘(7)的高度或在开口边缘(7)下面一段距离的桶身(3)上;用于将闭合预成形件最终吹塑成带有关闭盖子(9)的桶体(2)的吹入气体,通过至少一个推入间环(10)的推入吹嘴(14)导入,用于将闭合的预成形件最终吹塑成带有旋塞阀盖子(37)的桶体(2)的吹入气体通过***旋塞阀盖子(37)上至少一个旋塞阀(38)的旋塞孔(40)的吹嘴(14)和/或通过至少一个推入间环(10)的吹嘴(14)导入;在吹塑模中的桶体(2)冷却并取出桶体(2)之后,通过将间环(10)从桶体(2)上切下而使桶身(3)和盖子(9,37,41)互相分离,并在将密封圈(17)套入盖子(9,37,41)的密封床(16)上之后利用夹紧环(29)将盖子(9,37,41)固定在桶体(3)的滚边(6,47)上。
2.如权利要求1所述的制造方法,其特征在于,不导电原料制成的多层管与在所述管范围内截面上的,尤其是由导电塑料材料制成的至少一根接触条复合,并且将所述管子预吹制成预成形件,以及将所述预成形件最终吹制成通过在桶盖子(9,37,41)、间环(10)、桶身(3)及桶底(4)上集成的至少一根导电接触条(11)而接地的桶体(2),该导电接触条(11)建立桶体(2)的内表面(12)与外表面(13)之间的电连接,并且其厚度与桶体(2)的壁厚(36)一致。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的制造方法,其特征在于,在吹塑模(1)中复合多层塑料管,其中从挤压头连续或不连续挤出的塑料管在管范围内至少一个位置上分离,并在分离处喷射导电塑料材料以形成与所述预成形间均匀焊接在一起的接触条。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的制造方法,其特征在于,在吹塑模(1)中挤压出的用于吹制桶体(2)的塑料管包括内层(30)和导电或能抗静电的外层(32)。
5.如权利要求2或3所述的制造方法,其特征在于,在吹塑模(1)中挤压出的用于吹制桶体(2)的塑料管包括内层(30),中间层(31)和导电或能抗静电的外层(32)。
6.如权利要求5所述的制造方法,其特征在于,在吹塑模(1)中挤压出的预成形件的内层(30)与中间层(31)之间设有阻挡层(33),该阻挡层(33)夹在两个粘接层(34,35)之间。
7.如权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的制造方法,其特征在于,通过至少一个***最终吹制成的桶体(2)的间环(10)的吹嘴(14)导入通风空气。
8.如权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的制造方法,其特征在于,在将所述间环(10)切除之后,用热空气气刨所述桶身(3)和盖子(9,37,41)的截面边缘(27,28)以清除切口毛刺,并在最后装配所述宽口桶(8)之前使桶身(3)和盖子(9,37,41)经过冷却段。
9.如权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的制造方法,其特征在于,所述吹塑模(1)用于吹制带有关闭盖子(9)或旋塞阀盖子的桶体(2),该桶体的盖子具有安装盖子密封圈(17)的密封床(16)、下开口的U形外缘(15),盖子外缘(15)及其密封床(16)通过两个可相对运动的型板(18,19)挤压,并由型板(18,19)对盖子外缘(15)内部及外部进行冷却。
10.如权利要求9所述的制造方法,其特征在于,在桶盖子(9)外缘(15)范围内用于卡入桶把手的卡入槽(22)与形成在卡入槽(22)下方的、用于加强桶盖子(9)的环形桥(23)之间过渡截面(21)上成形环绕的加强突起(20)。
11.如权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的制造方法,其特征在于,所述吹塑模(1)用于带关闭盖子或旋塞阀盖子(41)的桶体(2),该盖子的外缘(42)和内缘(43)之间有开口向下的环形空间(44)及用于安装密封圈(17)的密封床(16),其中固定在桶身(3)上的盖子(41)的外缘(42)封闭桶颈(45),而该盖子的内缘(43)位于桶开口边缘(7)下方的盖子底(46)上方并伸入桶颈(45),通过夹持在桶开口边缘(7)下面一段距离处成形的桶身(3)滚边(47)和盖子外缘(42)的环形法兰(48)上的夹紧环(29),将所述盖子(41)固定在桶身(3)上,通过可相对运动的型板挤压出盖子边缘区域(42,43),并对该盖子边缘区域的内部及外部进行冷却。
12.如权利要求11所述的制造方法,其特征在于,盖子底(46)下表面(49)与桶盖子(41)内缘(43)之间的折角区域处形成有环形的加强突起(50)。
13.如权利要求11或12所述的制造方法,其特征在于,在桶盖子(41)内缘(43)下端处形成有圆锥形的加强突起(51)。
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DE102005001649A DE102005001649B4 (de) | 2004-03-11 | 2005-01-13 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Weithalsfässern aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff |
DE102005004548.0 | 2005-01-31 | ||
DE102005004548A DE102005004548A1 (de) | 2004-03-11 | 2005-01-31 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Weithalsfässern aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff |
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CN106115101A (zh) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-11-16 | 江苏奇科技有限公司 | 一种采用组合式结构的大尺寸大口径圆桶状容器 |
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US20070071924A1 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-03-29 | Graham Packaging Company, L.P. | Blow molded container, dispenser, and closure |
ITMI20060266A1 (it) * | 2006-02-14 | 2007-08-15 | Edo Chiari | Procedimento per produrre contenitori aperti di plastica mediante estyrusione e soffiaggio |
AU2007251935B2 (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2011-10-06 | Mauser-Werke Gmbh | Multilayer plastic container |
DE202008002185U1 (de) | 2008-02-16 | 2008-04-17 | Schütz GmbH & Co. KGaA | Weithalsfass aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff |
FI124163B (sv) * | 2008-06-30 | 2014-04-15 | Uponor Infra Oy | Behållare |
JP5321953B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-28 | 2013-10-23 | 株式会社リコー | 光走査装置、及び画像形成装置 |
BE1021612B1 (nl) * | 2013-01-15 | 2015-12-18 | CARDIFF GROUP,naamloze vennootschap | Houder voor een vloeibaar product en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een dergelijke houder. |
DE102022122136A1 (de) * | 2022-09-01 | 2024-03-07 | Greif International Holding B.V. | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Barriereschichtlaminats, Barriereschichtlaminat und aus dem Barriereschichtlaminat hergestellter Behälter |
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CN100352737C (zh) | 2007-12-05 |
ES2287824T3 (es) | 2007-12-16 |
AU2005201077B2 (en) | 2007-03-22 |
BRPI0501680A (pt) | 2005-11-08 |
AR053524A1 (es) | 2007-05-09 |
NO20051229L (no) | 2005-09-12 |
PL1574442T3 (pl) | 2007-12-31 |
DE102005004548A1 (de) | 2005-12-22 |
DE502005000991D1 (de) | 2007-08-23 |
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