A kind of rig and movement method thereof of energy quickly dismantled
Technical field:
The present invention relates to oil field rapid traverse drilling rig technique.
Background technology:
Now the rapid traverse churn that uses of oil field mainly contains two kinds, and a kind of is vehicular, and another kind is a pull-type, and being characterized in can be integrally or only be decomposed into several parts and travel on highway, moves easy for installationly, enters construction fast.But these two kinds of rig maximum drilling depths are limited to 4000 meters, hook and are loaded in 225 tons, when surpassing this limit, have only in the employing, large type drill.
In, large type drill is module assembling, is divided into the folded formula of case again and revolves lift-type because of driving the type difference, their composition all comprises derrick, base, base annex and is placed in various implements on the base.Both differences are in the structure of base.The base of the folded churn of case is the stacked cube structure that constitutes of case piece that is varied in size by several, foreground and backstage are generally arranged, high backstage, foreground is low, the foreground is driller's operating platform, lays rotating disk, drilling rod, drilling tool and rig tool, and dynamical system, winch and slush pump group are installed in the backstage, the power of foreground rotating disk imports into from the backstage by chain or axle, the derrick bottom is connected on the base base foundation, passes base upwards, and driller's operating platform is merotomized.When rig moves, to pull down derrick earlier, pull down the equipment and the base annex of all arrangements on the base more one by one, successively each case piece is pulled down one by one again, surpass the highway transportation volume and grant standard, also will split into widgets and case again, transport with many automobiles, after arriving new well site, install again by the process of contrary.This base, disassemblerassembler will carry out in a high position, needs large-scale lifting appliance in the process.The base that revolves the lift-type rig is that the liftable parallelogram lever of a monolithic adds spacing strut formation, is regardless of foreground, backstage, and equipment such as derrick and rotating disk, winch, dynamical system all are arranged on the table top of base.This kind base, can be at low level demolition, installation equipment, but tear spacing strut plate open or wear pin and base is unclamped or lock still and will carry out in a high position, framework descends and rises and gin pole also will be installed and with weight or piling jinny at several places, base is slowly put down by gin pole with electric winch simultaneously then or hoists.In addition, the member of base is the large-scale groups piece installing, must take the vanning transportation before moving apart, unloads after putting in place again and is assembled into integral body, wants crane to cooperate in the process.Like this, even between tens meters well location, may in several hours, not finish moving of rig yet.Because these mode efficient are low, and require numerous operating personnel to participate in, so, at present in, the movement extreme difference of large type drill, consume higher cost of transfer simultaneously.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome existing in, that large type drill moves the disassemble and assemble work amount is big, operation process length and the defective that needs crane to cooperate, a kind of simply rig of quickly dismantled is provided, reach a little and to decompose the back and just can satisfy the highway transportation regulation and do long-distance movement, can wholely between in-plant well location, directly move again, improve rig transition efficient.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of movement method of above-mentioned rig, and can be enough simple tools decomposition, combination type drilling machine and entrucking are unloaded, and realize low-cost movement.
Above-mentioned purpose is to be achieved by such scheme: the rig of quickly dismantled, comprise derrick and base, base is made up of side seat and a rotating disk sled of two symmetrical configuration, described side seat, by the top assembly, bottom assembly and several sub-trusses that are hinged between the two constitute parallelogram linkage, the telescopic brace rod of hinged shotpin with lock in this mechanism, hinged derrick footing on the assembly of top, the first oil-lifting jar and second lift oil tank are installed on the extension of linkage outer bottom assembly, the hinged-support that connects with oil cylinder is installed in the corresponding section of derrick footing and sub-truss, described rotating disk sled is gone up device rotating disk and driving mechanism thereof, rotating disk is prized in both sides and is slidingly connected between two side seats, and derrick is connected on two derrick footings on the side seat.
According to the rig of said structure, as if rig being done closely to move, for example between tens meters, move, only step is shrunk to two joints with derrick routinely, with tractor whole rig is directly dragged new well location, rises derrick, and rig just can enter construction.Before complete machine laterally or vertically passes in and out wellhead assembly, hinder the connector of turnover on the bottom assembly that is actively connected on the side seat of dismantling, install again after finishing, rig is firm when dragging with assurance.
If rig will be done long-distance movement, its step comprises:
1. derrick retracting;
2. with second lift oil tank side seat is reduced to transition altitude;
3. with the first oil-lifting jar side seat is reduced to its top assembly and fall within the bottom assembly;
4. the annex that connects around the side of the dismantling seat;
5. winch is placed on the transport vehicle, with its lift rope annex is dragged and get on the bus;
6. with second lift oil tank derrick is set level on the transport vehicle that waits;
7. take connecting of derrick and derrick footing apart, transport vehicle sails out of;
8. winch is placed on the transport vehicle, the rotating disk sled is dragged on the car between two side seats with lift rope;
9. winch is placed on the transport vehicle, respectively two side seats are dragged on the car;
10. with winch two side seats are dragged and get off, parallel relative;
11. the slide rail that the rotating disk sled moves on the two side seats is put in place along its slippage with assembly pulley and winch;
12. derrick is docked with derrick footing;
13. erect derrick with second lift oil tank;
14. the annex around the attachment side seat;
15. the side seat is risen to transition altitude with the first oil-lifting jar;
16. the side seat is risen to working depth with second lift oil tank;
17. emersion derrick.
The present invention with existing in, large type drill and movement mode thereof compare, the advantage that is had is:
1. because rig substructure adopts linkage folding by hydraulic oil cylinder driving, structure is greatly simplified, volume is size variation with the need, thereby rig closely moves can not take integral body apart with the trailer slippage, satisfy the requirement of cluster well and single-row well operations fast moving, remote mobile rig only is decomposed into four parts and just can transports on highway, and the demolition, installation workload is minimum, therefore, portability of drilling rig is significantly improved, and especially moving between tens meters more showed its advantage.
2. because its base is collapsible, and demolition, installation derrick, annex, implement etc. carry out at low level, greatly improve the convenience and the safety of operation, also simplified the course of work, shortened the demolition, installation time.
3. because at low level demolition, installation rig with utilize the loading, unloading car of the such simple mechanism solution rig of winch and pulley, so, no longer needing to call crane gear, condition and expense that rig is moved greatly reduce.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the front view of rig of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view (for expressing clearly, having removed derrick footing) of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is that the A of side seat of rig shown in Figure 1 is to view;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of the rotating disk sled of rig shown in Figure 1;
A kind of form of Fig. 5 for being slidingly connected between rotating disk sled and side seat;
Fig. 6 is actively connected on the structural representation that has the coupling bar of length adjustment mechanism between the side seat in the rig shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 7 is a lateral view (for expressing clearly, having removed derrick footing and sub-mount) of loading onto rig behind the annex;
Fig. 8 is a vertical view (for expressing clearly, having removed derrick and derrick footing, sub-mount) of loading onto rig behind the annex;
Fig. 9 removes the state that rig behind the annex descends or rises to transition altitude;
Figure 10 fell or the state when holding up derrick;
The state that Figure 11 docks for derrick car and derrick footing enter or the derrick car sails out of;
Figure 12 is that the side seat after taking apart is placed in the state on the transport vehicle;
Figure 13 is introduced into the state of track between two side seats for the rotating disk sled.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing rig of the present invention and movement method thereof are described further.
1. the rig of quickly dismantled:
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, rig comprises the side seat 1 of band derrick footing 5 of symmetrical configuration and side seat 2, rotating disk sled 3, derrick 39, rotating disk sled 3 is slidingly connected between side seat 1 and side seat 2 and constitutes base, derrick footing 5 relative rotating disks are prized 3 parallel symmetries, for the rigidity of strengthening rig and firmly, between the seat of both sides, the movable connection has the coupling bar 4 of length adjustment mechanism and connects one or a few pull bar 25 again at appropriate location, and derrick footing is provided with slideway 15.
Referring to Fig. 3, described side seat, comprise top assembly 6, bottom assembly 7, sub-truss 8, the first oil-lifting jar 9, second lift oil tank 10, telescopic brace rod 11, derrick footing 5, top assembly 6 is the assemblies that are roughly rectangular block that are made of section bar, upper surface covers pedal, its end, leave flute profile hole 29 (see figure 2)s, its side, be provided with and rotating disk sled 3 slide rails that slidingly connect 17, bottom assembly 7 is by leading portion 7a, stage casing 7b, extension 7c and the movable connecting section 7d between leading portion and stage casing assemble successively and are unified into, its length is greater than the top assembly, sub-truss 8 is a rectangle single layer welding fitting, telescopic brace rod 11 is cover rod-type structure, between its rod member and sleeve, be provided with the bearing pin 16 of locking, top assembly 6, bottom assembly 7 and 4 sub-trusses that are arranged in parallel 8 between the two are hinged and constitute the parallelogram linkage with certain width, the first oil-lifting jar 9 and second lift oil tank 10 are hinged on the extension 7c of linkage outer bottom assembly 7 in the one end, two oil cylinders are connected to drilling rig hydraulic system, between derrick footing 5 and the top assembly 6, in a side of falling or rotating during derrick telescoping for being fixedly hinged, offside 26 is for being movably hinged, the hinged-support 12 that connects with the second lift oil tank piston rod is housed on the derrick footing 5, be welded with semicolumn projection 13 on top assembly 6 crossbeams, link with the female piston head of the first oil-lifting jar piston rod, semicolumn projection 13 is as the support of the first oil-lifting jar piston rod, with the top assembly 6 transition position that hoists.Described hinged-support respectively is limited on derrick footing and sub-truss sliding way 5 and the slideway 15, and telescopic brace rod 11 is hinged on 2 rectangle diagonal in the linkage, the incline direction when the direction-adapting linkage is folding.Side seat 1 and side seat 2 symmetrical configuration.
Referring to Fig. 4, described rotating disk sled, comprise rotating disk sled main body 18, rotating disk 19, headgear 20, motor 21, pedal 23, rotating disk 19 is installed in place, place, drilling rod center on the rotating disk sled main body 18, motor 21 is installed in an end of rotating disk sled main body 18, the two links by transmission mechanism 20, pedal 23 covers on the rotating disk sled main body rotating disk table top in addition, the both sides of rotating disk sled main body 18 be provided with side seat 1 and side seat 2 on the slide block 22 that adapts of slide rail 17, this sliding pair is seen Fig. 5 by bearing pin 24 lockings.Be slidingly connected rotating disk between two side seats and prize the form of its sliding pair and have multiplely, this example is wherein a kind of.
Described side seat coupling bar 4 (see figure 1)s, it is a assembly with length adjustment mechanism, form can have multiple, for example adopts form shown in Figure 6, and the internal thread bar two ends of part 27 are divided into left-handed, right-handed thread, part 28 is an external thread rod, one is left-handed, and another part is dextrorotation, when tearing or adorning this coupling bar open, medial rotation threaded rod 27 can be realized length adjustment, to adapt to the distance between two side seats.
Be used for, the derrick on the large type drill, be the telescope pole of connection of being nested by several joints, derrick flexible is by the oil cylinder realization of installing it on.
Rotating disk sled that for convenience will be above-mentioned is with the winch hauling-out and send into the track on the two side seats and each several part moved and move down transport vehicle, on both sides seat and rotating disk sled main body, pulley 33, pulley 34, elevator steel cable 35, holder 36 are installed, winch 38 on they and the transport vehicle is formed pulley mechanisms, referring to Figure 13.
For realizing low level dismounting and the rig balance that hoists, by fixing otic placode 14 setting winch framves 37, main winch can be placed on the turntable, sees Fig. 7 on the leading portion 7a of side seat bottom assembly.
Each implement of device on above-mentioned base, slide plate cat road 30 is connected in a side of rotating disk sledge 3, ladder 31 is connected in the opposite side of its top assembly 6, the sub-mount 32 that can make up room on duty is connected on the side of side seat 2, these annexes rise in the lump with base after installing, just become one and can enter the rig of construction, see Fig. 8.
2. movement method:
Step is shrunk to two joints with derrick 39 routinely, pull down the locking pin on the telescopic brace rod 16 in the seat of both sides, start second lift oil tank on it, hinged-support 13 on the piston rod that will stretch out and this side seat supports truss links, make the synchronous reversion of oil cylinder piston bar, the both sides seat is folded to transition altitude downwards, referring to Fig. 9, start the first oil-lifting jar on it, another hinged-support 12 on the piston rod that will stretch out and this side seat supports truss links, pulling down the second lift oil tank piston rod regains by it, make the synchronous reversion of the first oil-lifting jar piston rod on the seat of both sides, the side seat is continued folding, until making its top assembly fall within the bottom assembly, dismantle and be connected in base ladder on every side, the cat road, annexes such as assistance platform, winch is placed on the transport vehicle, with its lift rope above-mentioned annex is dragged on the car, start second lift oil tank, its piston rod that stretches out and derrick footing upper hinge support 12 are linked, pull down the pin that is movably hinged of 38 1 sides between derrick footing and side seat, make the synchronous reversion derrick lowering of two piston rods, referring to Figure 10, it is fallen within on the transport vehicle that waits, pull down connecting between derrick and derrick footing, Derrick transporter sails out of, and referring to Figure 11, pulls down the locking pin 24 between both sides seat and the rotating disk sled, winch is placed on the transport vehicle, with its lift rope the rotating disk sled is dragged on the car between two side seats along track, still in this way two side seats respectively is dragged on a flat car and the automobile, see Figure 12.After arriving the destination, with winch two side seats are dragged and to get off, make the two parallel relatively, with assembly pulley and winch the track that the rotating disk sled moves on the two side seats is put in place along its slippage, referring to Figure 13, last locking pin 24 is with the fixing formation of three base, the derrick car is opened nearly base to be docked with derrick footing 5, referring to Figure 11, attachment pegs is installed joins the two together, connection also starts second lift oil tank, derrick is holded up, derrick perpendicular to the base table top after, with pin that 38 side chains are tight, at this moment, derrick and base join together, pull down second lift oil tank, each implement is installed on the base, annex is connected to around the base, connect and startup the first oil-lifting jar, the base band derrick, implement and annex together rise to transition altitude, connect second lift oil tank, pull down the first oil-lifting jar, base is risen until being in the operating position again, bearing pin 16 is installed on the telescopic brace rod 11, and rig is fixed, and pulls down second lift oil tank, drag rig with tractor and enter new well location, install active coupling 4 or 7d on the side seat, rise derrick to the operating position, rig shifts promptly to accuse and finishes.