CN1656871A - Method for picking storing and planting root and stem of lawn - Google Patents
Method for picking storing and planting root and stem of lawn Download PDFInfo
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- CN1656871A CN1656871A CN 200410014103 CN200410014103A CN1656871A CN 1656871 A CN1656871 A CN 1656871A CN 200410014103 CN200410014103 CN 200410014103 CN 200410014103 A CN200410014103 A CN 200410014103A CN 1656871 A CN1656871 A CN 1656871A
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Abstract
A method for picking, storing and planting the root and stem of lawn includes such steps as picking the root and stem of lawn with stolon by special root-stem picking machine, storing them while regulating the atmosphere in storing room, uniformly spreading them on the ground, covering by soil, irrigating, rolling and pruning. Said special root-stem picking machine is composed of a running main body, a power unit, and several rotary knife holder with curved knives installed at intervals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to collection, storage, the kind method for planting of a plant species,, the invention still further relates to the special-purpose rhizome harvester of this method of realization simultaneously, belong to the planting technique technical field especially about the root of turfgrass and collection, storage, the kind method for planting of stem.
Background technology
Human with the lawn greening city, beautifying the environment becomes a kind of fashion, the demand on lawn is increasing, forms a kind of industry gradually.Understand according to the applicant, the commodity provenance of grass cultivation has only " grass-seed " and " turf " two kinds of forms both at home and abroad at present.Understand easily, though the collection of grass-seed is convenient,, level ground long with the grass-seed Turf Culture cycle is difficult to control with proterties; Though and the asexual reproduction method instant effect that adopts divot to sod, the production of divot is the cost height not only, and one batch of turf of every transplanting will be taken away the thick table soil of 2cm, the heavy damage soil fertility.Delay the production of following batch of turf provenance.Also have, setting seeds hardly in many good lawns, is difficult for having bought " commodity seed ".
In addition, along with the continuous increase of building the lawn area, for the sight and the life-span of safeguarding the lawn, all will curry maintenance to the lawn every year.The grass roots that at every turn combs out, grass blade will produce secondary pollution.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: at the shortcoming of above prior art existence, propose a kind of cost low, be convenient to industrialization and the lawn rhizome that has no adverse effects is gathered, stores, planted method for planting, also will provide simultaneously this method of realization need by special-purpose rhizome harvester.
Studies show that the stem stalk on perennial lawn, rhizome, stolon have very strong apical meristem (Apical meristem) and intercalary meristem (Intercary meristem) etc.Apical meristem expands when forming sprouting, also send simultaneously adventive root or claim fibrous root in the stipes that pastes above ground portion, rhizome joint, the minor matters of crawling, these fibrous roots can directly absorb moisture and nutrient, grow for sprouting, constantly form new cane, rhizome, stolon; And each joint of established cane, rhizome, stolon is grown lateral bud again in intercalary meristem and new stolon or rhizome plays an important role.Therefore, the regeneration power of the disconnected stem of perennial lawn grass blade is very strong.
On this understanding basis, the applicant has proposed the collection of following lawn rhizome, has stored, has planted method for planting, the steps include:
A, collection---collection has the turfgrass rhizome of stolon by special-purpose rhizome harvester;
B, sowing---after the rhizome collection of gathering, evenly sow in ground, level ground or bar ditch;
C, covering---cover on the rhizome of sowing with soil, be half covering state and get final product;
D, water---water permeablely after the covering immediately, keep ground moistening;
E, suppression---water sufficient water after, use the weight roll extrusion, rhizome and soil are adjacent to;
G, pruning---prune prosperous long position, until even Cheng Ping.
We can say that various have the turfgrass of stolon all can utilize above method to get kind, as Korea lawn grass, centipede grass, Bermuda grass, dewdrop grass, the bent grass etc. of crawling.The grass blade source can be wild type lawn, type lawn, greenery patches, type of production lawn.So-called wild type lawn is to propagate the lawn that forms by wind, bird, wildlife and artificial being not intended to; Type lawn, greenery patches is that people are the lawn of beautifying the environment and setting up; The type of production lawn is the commodity turf base that lawn specialized company sets up.
It is to increase to store step after acquisition step that said method further improves, and the rhizome that is about to gather (as fills CO with the controlled atmosphere storage method
2Or N
2) storage fresh-keeping is standby.
When implementing method of the present invention, the applicant recognizes, realize the industrialization of lawn rhizome plantation, must properly settle the mechanization or the semi-automatic acquisition problems of rhizome, otherwise, even set up on the theoretical method of lawn rhizome plantation, perhaps achieve success in the laboratory, also be difficult to be applied conscientiously.
The applicant is through repetition test for this reason, design in order to realize the special-purpose rhizome harvester of said method, this machine comprises traveler car, the swivelling tool-holder that power set is installed on the described traveler car and drives by power set, tulwar sheet spaced apart is housed on the described swivelling tool-holder, kink is near the swivelling tool-holder excircle vertically for described tulwar sheet one end, and the other end is to be 30 °～50 ° elbow.
During work, power set drive the knife rest high speed rotating, and kink is thrown under action of centrifugal force at the blade on the knife rest and thrown up, when this rhizome harvester crosses ground, lawn, the blade of tulwar sheet will cut rhizome as the reaping hook harvesting, thereby realize the mechanization collection of turf rhizome.The elbow blade that is 30 °～50 ° had both guaranteed good cutting effect, made again to contact lessly with the face of land, thereby surface breakdown is very little over the ground.This angle too hour, cutting effect is poor; When too big, the stress variation of tulwar sheet not only, and also bigger to the destruction on the face of land.
This shows; the present invention has broken through conventional " grass-seed " and " turf " and has planted method for planting; mechanization collection, controlled atmosphere by rhizome are stored; can realize industrialization, the commercialization of rhizome provenance; and the vegetative scale in lawn, technology, simple to operate, cost economy; turf speed is fast, and the level ground is good with proterties.
In addition, also have following effect behind employing the present invention:
1, impel old level ground to regain life---usually the lawn after growth in several years, unavoidable soil compaction, base manure lacks, the thickening of dead leaf layer, rhizome is aging, sprouting shoot sprouting power descends, especially old branch Lao Ye is overstocked, damage by disease and insect increases the weight of, sight descends.Gather grass blade by machinery this moment, but chesson, and comb removes part rhizome and deadwood dead leaf layer, impels the stem regeneration sprouting of being completely cured.If simultaneously in conjunction with impose base manure, water, measure such as suppression, just very short time can recover life.
2, digest rhizome rubbish voluntarily---along with the continuous increase of building the lawn area, in order to safeguard lawn sight and life-span thereof, all will curry maintenance to the lawn every year, and the grass roots grass blade that combs out is dealt with improperly contaminated environment.The utilization mechanization means is gathered the rhizome on lawn, old greenery patches, can digestion process " rhizome rubbish ", reduce the greening cost, and protect farmland.Achieve many things at one stroke.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the special-purpose rhizome harvester structural representation of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Fig. 1 intermediate slide and blade.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Present embodiment utilizes grass dressing machine transformation of the way rhizome harvester, its concrete structure as shown in Figure 1, the swivelling tool-holder 3 of on the dolly 1 of advancing, internal combustion engine power plant 2 being installed and being driven by driving-belt by these power set.Swivelling tool-holder 3 is placed in the case 4, its concrete structure as shown in Figure 2, symmetrical some radial tool holders spaced apart 6 that are connected on the main shaft 5 of swivelling tool-holder 3, each homonymy knife bar 6 is fixing by auxilliary axle 7 serial connections, isolate by sleeve pipe 10 each other, the outer end installation shaft of each knife bar 6 is to cutter shaft pin 8, and each cutter shaft pin 8 inserts respectively in the hole of a tulwar sheet 9 one ends, the formation kink connects, and the other end of tulwar sheet 9 is an elbow at an angle.
From end face, radial tool holder 6 is divided into four groups (can be not limited to four groups when specifically implementing), radially respectively with to be central distribution with main shaft 5 be connected at four auxilliary axles 7 of extension circumferential arrangement.The elbow direction opposed of the tulwar sheet 9 on the adjacent auxilliary axle 7 so not only makes the axial force of swivelling tool-holder 3 obtain balance, and helps improving the rhizome collecting efficiency.Experiment shows, when 45 ° of the elbow of tulwar sheet 9 and angles radially, gathers grass blade best results (referring to table 1).
Table one
| The blade camber (°) | Blade number (sheet) | Cutter is apart from (mm) | Grass blade length (cm) | Adopt carelessness (%) | The testing |
| 10 ° | 56 | 8.2 | 3～4 | 45 | Working properly, adopt careless low. |
| 20 ° | 56 | 8.2 | 3～5 | 45 | Working properly, adopt careless low. |
| 30 ° | 56 | 8.2 | 3～4 | 55 | Working properly, adopt careless higher. |
| 45 ° | 56 | 8.2 | 3～4 | 60 | Working properly, adopt careless desirable. |
Special-purpose rhizome harvester has been arranged, has specifically implemented lawn rhizome collection, storage, planting method according to following steps:
A, collection---adopt the special-purpose rhizome harvester that centrifugal rotation tulwar is housed to gather the lawn rhizome.When harvester crosses ground, lawn, utilize the operation principle of vertical flail knife, the kink tulwar sheet 9 on the auxilliary axle 7 with blade perpendicular cuts rhizome, is gathered out with quite a few grass roots grass blade under centrifugal action.Contact and blade is line with the face of land, thereby surface breakdown is less over the ground.According to the lawn maintenance requirement, can adjust the cutter distance, make lawn rhizome acquisition rate 45～60% adjustable, more than Gai Zhi small-sized harvester is per hour gathered area and can be reached 600m
2More than.Rhizome length is comparatively even, is generally 3～4cm, contains 2 more than the stipes, and fertility is very strong.
It is different with the turf storage that B, storage---grass blade is stored, and turf has soil layer, moisture is arranged, nutritious, and grass blade does not have.Often can not sowing in time after grass blade is collected, must take some simple fresh-keeping measures.A kind of is the nature storage method, and the grass blade of collection relatively can sprayed water under the dry situation in right amount, and (the obvious globule is arranged) can be suitably cool under relatively moister situation, then be deposited in shady and cool place (as the woods down or cool indoor), use plastic mulching.As pile temperature and be higher than 30 ℃ of suitably turning coolings, this method can be stored 7～10 days.Another kind is the controlled atmosphere storage method, and the lawn rhizome of gathering is cleaned out the indoor or interior storage of bag in back, and temperature is controlled at 3～15 ℃, and relative moisture is controlled at 75～90%, CO
2Concentration is controlled at 5～50%,, usually can fresh-keeping 30～150 days (CO
2Concentration is high more, and the rhizome dormancy is dark more, and freshness date is long more).
C, sowing---grass blade is sowed equably in ground, level ground or bar ditch; Sowing time depends primarily on suitable germination temperature, can sow after turning green in general lawn, i.e. 5～August.Cross planting early enough and be difficult for germinateing, cross the late sowing kind and be difficult to pass the winter because of the amount of growth deficiency.Seeding method broadcasts sowing and drilling, and the speed of broadcasting sowing is fast, and general level land is adopted and broadcasted sowing, and hillside fields (bank protection) also can adopt horizontal type to split the method for ditch drilling, can prevent effectively that rainwater or pouring from washing away.When broadcasting sowing grass blade is sowed equably on the level ground on the ground, every square metre of grasp is advisable about 100～200 grams.
D, covering---soil is covered on the grass blade of sowing, be half covering state and get final product.Covering can keep grass blade to sprout needed soil moisture effectively.Can be with shallow the revolving of seed covering machine (also claiming no-tillage machine, wheat-covering machine) during covering, cover more evenly, and be half covering state, grass blade distributes also relatively evenly.
E, water---water permeable after the covering immediately.Watering is the central task of management before the seedling.The management of water also meets the theory of " the long root of drought, wet sprouting " fully as crops.Broadcast the back to the seedling stage, will water permeablely after broadcasting for the first time immediately, and accomplish with broadcasting with watering, in case grass blade is withered.Then will often water, accomplish the diligent filling of little water, water 1-2 every day, can reduce the number of times that waters after two weeks, promotes root growth, and keep ground moistening to greyish white, can keep soil greyish white after 4 weeks, up to Cheng Ping.
F, suppression---after sowing and watering sufficient water and treat that the face of land is slightly done, use the weight roll extrusion.The main effect of suppression is to promote levelling of the land and stem soil to fit.The growing period suppression 1～2 time that the 3rd week began to crawl promotes side shoot to crawl to tiller.
G, fertilising---basal dressing before the sowing begins spraying fertilizer after sowing for three weeks, and increases fertilizing amount gradually.Specifically, the turfgrass that rhizome is live, general first to second week is the development stage, it is slower to grow, the beginning tachyauxesis of the 3rd week, it is summit of growth that coverage rate can reach for 20%, fourth, fifth, six weeks, coverage rate can reach more than 95%.For this reason, the lawn fertilising also will meet growth rhythm, is using sufficient on the basis of base manure, and the 3rd week began to topdress, and this fertilizer also claims " wean is fertile ", and rhizome nutrition hexyl originally exhausts, and topdress and want in time, but fertilizer application amount is less, general urea 4～6g/m
2Fourth, fifth week can increase topdressing amount, general urea 7.5～11g/m
2The 6th week can adopt " catching yellow open grave " or the rare comb of grass blade zone to topdress in right amount according to the turfgrass upgrowth situation, promoted the lawn balanced growth.
H, pruning---rhizome can be pruned after broadcasting and planting in the 5th week, pruned and can control local prosperous length, impelled turfgrass to crawl to grow, and balanced growth makes the lawn neat appearance.
In addition, also should carry out following steps where necessary:
I, chemical weed control---unsuitable medication of general grass blade development stage can be used selective herbicide when grass blade enters the peak of growing season of crawling, and weed killer herbicide can be selected according to the lawn kind in each department.Can smear with steriland herbicide (as glyphosate etc.) perennial malignant weed, effect is remarkable.
What the sick worm harmfulness of J, preventing disease pest control---warm-season turf was bigger mainly is Lepidoptera noctuidae pests and aecidium.Sick worm spring and summer takes place frequent, answers attention control.General acephatemet insect protected, the triazolone used prevents that the rest fungus effect is better.
Experiment showed, that compared with prior art present embodiment has following benefit
1, make full use of the rhizome on lawn, greenery patches: good again meadow through growth in several years, also needs to be completely cured, to loosen the soil.If maintenance company comes the contract maintenance engineering, not only can obtain certain maintenance costs, and can collect a large amount of rhizome provenances;
2, reduce the greening cost: rhizome is live is not with earth, thereby freight volume is little, and 5 tons of trucies can be transported suitable 4000～5000m
2Turf; The reproduction coefficient height, through test, one square grass blade, rhizome can be broadcast and plant 5～8m
2, and the shop is generally 1: 2～3 between divot; Recruitment is few, broadcasts when planting between the napier grass skin that some shop in shop is artificial like that to be cut apart or tear up turf, but directly broadcasts sowing, and it is fast to broadcast the speed of planting, and everyone can broadcast sowing 2000m in one day
2More than, be 6～8 times of manual inseminating;
3, protect farmland---turf is sold in base, commodity lawn throughout the year, can sell every year on average 2 times, scalps soil layer 2cm at every turn, like this, all take away through 4～5 years whole topsoil soils and fertility, the continuous production of turf is affected, do in addition even change stubble, the workload of improving the soil is also excessive;
4, turf speed is fast---live general 50 days left and right sides Cheng Ping of rhizome;
5, the level ground is good with proterties---and dense, short, smooth, anti-trample behind the live Cheng Ping of rhizome, disease-resistant worm, drought resistance are all better.
2 batches of the general annual sale of green type turf of the summer on farm, lawn; adopt lawn rhizome scale production process can sell 4～5 batches; if virescence maintenance company not only can collect certain maintenance costs in conjunction with old lawn maintenance, also the lawn rhizome that combs out can be used for another building site greening construction as new seed source.Lawn rhizome scale production process economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits are all very remarkable, and the potentiality of applying are very big.
Claims (8)
1. kind of a method for planting is stored in a lawn rhizome collection, may further comprise the steps:
A, collection---collection has the turfgrass rhizome of stolon by special-purpose rhizome harvester;
B, sowing---after the rhizome collection of gathering, evenly sow in ground, level ground or bar ditch;
C, covering---cover on the rhizome of sowing with soil, be half covering state and get final product;
D, water---water permeablely after the covering immediately, keep ground moistening;
E, suppression---water sufficient water after, use the weight roll extrusion, rhizome and soil are adjacent to;
G, pruning---prune prosperous long position, until even Cheng Ping.
2. store kind of a method for planting according to the rhizome collection of the described lawn of claim 1, it is characterized in that: after the described steps A, the lawn rhizome controlled atmosphere of gathering is stored, temperature is controlled at 3～15 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 75～90%, CO
2Concentration is controlled at 5～50%.
3. store kind of a method for planting according to claim 1 or 2 described lawn rhizome collections, it is characterized in that: the sowing time is 5～August, and the amount of sowing is every square metre 100～200 gram.
4. store kind of a method for planting according to the rhizome collection of the described lawn of claim 3, it is characterized in that: suppression in time after planting, the stolon early growth period is suppressed 1～2 time again.
5. store kind of a method for planting according to the rhizome collection of the described lawn of claim 3, it is characterized in that: basal dressing before the sowing, execute urea 4～6g/m after sowing for three weeks
2As topdressing, fourth, fifth week was executed urea 7.5～11g/m
2
6. special-purpose rhizome harvester, comprise traveler car, the swivelling tool-holder that power set is installed on the described traveler car and drives by power set, tulwar sheet spaced apart is housed on the described swivelling tool-holder, kink is near the excircle of swivelling tool-holder vertically for described tulwar sheet one end, and the other end is to be 30 °～50 ° elbow.
7. according to the described special-purpose rhizome harvester of claim 6, it is characterized in that: the symmetry radial tool holder spaced apart more than two that is connected on the main shaft of described swivelling tool-holder, each homonymy knife bar is fixing by auxilliary axle serial connection; The outer end installation shaft of described each knife bar is to the cutter shaft pin, and each cutter shaft pin inserts respectively in the hole of a tulwar sheet one end, forms kink and connects.
8. according to the described special-purpose rhizome harvester of claim 7, it is characterized in that: the grouping of described radial tool holder radially, respectively be that central distribution is connected at the auxilliary axle of extension circumferential arrangement with the main shaft, the tulwar sheet elbow direction opposed on adjacent auxilliary.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410014103XA CN1324938C (en) | 2004-02-19 | 2004-02-19 | Method for picking storing and planting root and stem of lawn |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410014103XA CN1324938C (en) | 2004-02-19 | 2004-02-19 | Method for picking storing and planting root and stem of lawn |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1656871A true CN1656871A (en) | 2005-08-24 |
| CN1324938C CN1324938C (en) | 2007-07-11 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410014103XA Expired - Fee Related CN1324938C (en) | 2004-02-19 | 2004-02-19 | Method for picking storing and planting root and stem of lawn |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102630500A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-15 | 镇江润祥园林科技发展有限公司 | Method for managing lawn by collecting, breaking stems, planting and cultivating, and grass breaking device |
| CN103960039A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-06 | 夏德君 | Soilless sod planting method |
| CN105009779A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-11-04 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Lawn grass seed stem collecting machine |
| CN109089744A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-28 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A method of constructing bermuda grass turf on tropical forest insect islands and reefs |
-
2004
- 2004-02-19 CN CNB200410014103XA patent/CN1324938C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102630500A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-15 | 镇江润祥园林科技发展有限公司 | Method for managing lawn by collecting, breaking stems, planting and cultivating, and grass breaking device |
| CN103960039A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-08-06 | 夏德君 | Soilless sod planting method |
| CN103960039B (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-01-20 | 夏德君 | A kind of without native sod culture method |
| CN105009779A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-11-04 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Lawn grass seed stem collecting machine |
| CN109089744A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-28 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A method of constructing bermuda grass turf on tropical forest insect islands and reefs |
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| CN1324938C (en) | 2007-07-11 |
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