CN1609534A - Solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus - Google Patents

Solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1609534A
CN1609534A CNA2004100655480A CN200410065548A CN1609534A CN 1609534 A CN1609534 A CN 1609534A CN A2004100655480 A CNA2004100655480 A CN A2004100655480A CN 200410065548 A CN200410065548 A CN 200410065548A CN 1609534 A CN1609534 A CN 1609534A
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solar energy
storage apparatus
heat storage
tube
heat
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CN100360872C (en
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张耀明
刘德有
张文进
孙利国
张振远
刘晓晖
卞新高
刘巍
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张耀明
张振远
张文进
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F24S10/45Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors the enclosure being cylindrical
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/75Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
    • F24S10/755Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. zig-zag
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S60/00Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
    • F24S60/30Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44Heat exchange systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention is one high temperature vacuum solar heat absorbing and accumulating device and belongs to the field of solar energy utilizing technology. The device includes transparent casing, spiral metal pipe inside the casing, inlet pipe and outlet pipe connected to ends of the metal pipe, and the inside of the casing is vacuum pumped. The present invention features that the spiral metal pipe and the sealed metal cavity outside or inside the spiral body constitute inner container, one vacuum sandwich is formed between the inner container filled with high heat capacity matter and the metal cavity, and the outer surface of the metal cavity or the spiral metal pipe is coated with high temperature selective solar energy absorbing layer. The device of the present invention has both heat absorbing and heat accumulating functions and high temperature and high pressure steam or gas may be obtained from the outlet pipe directly.

Description

Solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy heat absorbing vacuum plant, particularly a kind of high-temperature vacuum device that integrates heat absorption, heat accumulation function belongs to the solar energy utilization technique field.
Background technology
Vacuum tube aspect solar energy utilization technique, has particularly obtained extensive use on the solar water heater as effective heat collecting element.
But for hot generation technology, high-pressure saturated steam goes the pushing turbine generating need to obtain high temperature (T 〉=300 ℃), and the core parts of water heater---ordinary vacuum tube can't use owing to there is following problem at present.
(1) most of water heater only is used to produce the domestic hot-water, and water temperature only need reach about 50 ℃ and get final product, and the energy of radiation that vacuum tube is accepted is enough to make water temperature to rise to operating temperature, has more current to pass through in the pipe usually; And as long as the high-temperature vacuum pipe that the heat generating is adopted under the solar radiant energy effect of accepting, can produce steam by an amount of water rapidly, and therefore the pipeline path that requires current to pass through is long as far as possible, so that have time enough and energy to add hot water, produces steam.
(2) the common water heater operating temperature is on the low side, problem is not outstanding so expand with heat and contract with cold, but for vapor (steam) temperature reaches high-temperature vacuum pipe more than 300 ℃, inside and outside pipeline sealing-in place different materials expands becomes very distinct issues, this just requires to take special technological means, expand, shrink freely with the structural member in the assurance vacuum tube, and do not influence vacuum wherein.
(3) existing vacuum tube cross section collector area is less than normal, and generally adopting diameter is the glass tube of 47mm, can't obtain the solar radiant energy of a large amount of made water generates steam.
Except that the problems referred to above, also there is following problem in existing water heater: (1) interior pipe generally adopts glass tube, can't bear the HTHP requirement; (2) solar selective absorbing coating of vacuum tube is that low temperature utilizes coating, and heatproof is on the low side, is not suitable for the heat generating and uses.
Retrieval is found, the Chinese patent that application number is 99107429.7, name is called " spiral straight-flow type whole-glass vacuum solar heat-collecting tube " discloses a kind of by the thermal-collecting tube that is placed in pipe heat absorption in the inside spin of glass evacuated chamber, its absorption area can't be enough to produce high temperature and high pressure steam, does not therefore consider to eliminate the structure of expanding with heat and contract with cold.It is that the glass tube of waveform is as interior pipe that the technical scheme that another application number provides for 91231908.9 Chinese patent application adopts outer surface, except the endotherm area that exists and last patent scheme is same problem less than normal, it is very big that glass tube is manufactured on the obvious technology of waveform shape difficulty.Also all there is the defective that the thermal efficiency is low, circulation resistance big, operability is poor, be difficult to practical application in other vacuum heat collection pipe technical schemes at present.Especially, comprise that the existing heat collector of vacuum tube all has only the heat absorption function, accumulation of heat then needs to rely on water tank etc. to add facility.
Summary of the invention
Problem at above prior art existence, the objective of the invention is to, a kind of solar energy high-temperature vacuum device that integrates the heat absorption and heat storage function is proposed, this device should directly produce high-temperature, high pressure fluid, and has a good anti-expansion and contraction, thereby have the higher thermal efficiency, stable and reliable for performance, be fit to heat generating and other high temperature services and use.Heat absorption of the present invention especially refers to the required heat absorption of self metamorphosis, and it is temporary that accumulation of heat especially refers to be delivered to the heat extraction in other places.
In order to achieve the above object, one of technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus, comprise transparent housing, be supported on the conveyor screw metal tube in the outer cover, outlet and the inlet tube that is connected with the metal tube two ends, vacuumize in the described outer cover, described conveyor screw metal tube be positioned at conveyor screw outer or airtight metallic cavity constitute inner bag, form vacuum interlayer between described inner bag and the outer cover, filling high heat capacity heat storage material in the inner bag, described metallic cavity or conveyor screw metal tube outer surface are coated with high temperature solar energy selective absorption coating.
Two of technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus, comprise transparent housing, be supported on the conveyor screw metal tube in the outer cover, outlet and the inlet tube that is connected with the metal tube two ends, vacuumize in the described outer cover, described conveyor screw metal tube has two at least, the solid matter that is parallel to each other coiling constitutes inner bag, the outlet of described at least two metal tubes and inlet tube are equipped with the alternately control valve of break-make respectively, and described metal tube outer surface is coated with high temperature solar energy selective absorption coating.
The overall structure form of above-mentioned two kinds of technical schemes can be vacuum chamber formula structure, and promptly outer cover is windowed for one side the metal shell of glass is installed, and its inner surface is an optical reflecting layer; Also can be the electron tubes type structure, promptly outer cover is transparent glass outer tube.
During work, be coated in the lip-deep solar selective absorbing coating of inner bag and can play good heat extraction effect; The conveyor screw metal tube rises appreciably the flow path of fluid, can fully absorb heat; Heat storage material in the inner bag is accumulated the heat of absorption, and passes to the working fluid in the pipe; These technical characterictics complement each other, and acting in conjunction makes fluid obtain evaporating required enough heats, becomes steam state and is emerged by outlet, directly produces high-temperature steam or gas.
In order to have good dilatation performance, the linkage section of metal tube and outlet and inlet tube is the shape structure in the shape of a spiral.This structure is similar to spring, can adapt to the deformation that adjacent members expands with heat and contract with cold and causes.In addition, hot vapour has the characteristic that upwards flows gradually, and spiralling metal tube has the little advantage of flow resistance.
This shows, technical scheme of the present invention by will fully absorb heat, measure such as accumulation of heat organically combines, solved the problem that prior art is difficult to directly to produce high-temperature steam or gas, got rid of the hidden danger of expanding with heat and contract with cold in addition, thereby made solar high-temperature vacuum pipe of the present invention be applicable to that heat generating and other high temperature services use.
Description of drawings
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and exemplary embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention one.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention two.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention three.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention four.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention five.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
The solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus of present embodiment is the vacuum cavity structure, signal as shown in Figure 1, mainly by outer cover 1, be placed in outlet 5 on the outer cover and inlet tube 4, the inner bag that is supported in the outer cover constitutes.Wherein outer cover is the metal shell 1 that opening part is equipped with plane quartz glass 10, and opening part receives the sunshine of line focus, and outer cover 1 inner surface is an optical reflecting layer.The cone shaped one- way valve 6 and 7 of control flow is housed respectively in the pipeline of inlet tube 4 and outlet 5.Inner bag by four in the shape of a spiral the airtight metallic cavity that is mounted in it of the thin metal copper pipe 2 ' and of body 2 constitute, be supported in the outer cover 1 by support 8.High heat capacity heat storage material 9 in the metallic cavity 2 filling such as ore, the sand.Thin metal copper pipe 2 ' and wire chamber 2 outer surfaces are coated with high temperature solar energy selective absorption coating, as the electroplating black chromium layer.Form vacuum interlayer 3 between metal shell 1 and the wire chamber 2.In order more effectively to collect sunshine, can install a trumpet type front shroud additional before the metal shell 1 with reflection function.Working fluid is a water.
In addition, the inlet tube 4 and the outlet 5 of present embodiment have been installed cone shaped one- way valve 6 and 7 respectively, and therefore the steam that produces can only constantly make progress and flow, and spiralling metal tube 2 ' helps to reduce the vapor stream dynamic resistance.The stress that expands with heat and contract with cold obviously can be alleviated significantly owing to all adopted leptospira structure in the coupling part of metal tube 2 ' and outlet 5, inlet tube 4, helps the vacuum that keeps vacuum chamber interior.
After the solar radiation energy exposure of high concentration ratio (X>500) is to the window glass 10, be transmitted to metallic cavity 2 and thin metal copper pipe 2 ' surface, because the solar selective absorbing coating that surface both applies has absorptivity height, characteristic that radiance is low, therefore can effectively absorb heat; In spiral helicine thin metal copper pipe 2 ', the flow process of water or steam increases considerably simultaneously, and heat exchange is abundant, and has certain accumulation of heat effect; The high heat capacity material 9 of filling can further be accumulated heat in the metallic cavity 2.As a result, the water temperature in the copper pipe 2 ' continues to rise because of constantly absorbing heat, and when the heat exchange amount is enough, until becoming steam, along with vapor (steam) temperature and pressure constantly increase, finally flows out by outlet 5, is supplied to facilities such as steam-electric power.
Embodiment two
The solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus of present embodiment is the electron tubes type structure, as shown in Figure 2, contains outer cover 1 equally, is placed in outlet 5 and inlet tube 4 on the outer cover, is supported on the inner bag in the outer cover.Wherein, outer cover is the glass outer tube 1 of diameter greater than 150mm, and the metal tube 2 ' that rises of body and one are enclosed within airtight wire chamber 2 formations that it is outer, diameter is slightly littler than outer tube to inner bag in the shape of a spiral by one.Metal tube 2 ' is Ni-based high-temperature alloy (as the Incoloy 800) pipe of the about 10mm of diameter, wire chamber 2 is the common stainless steel pipe, stainless steel tube is filled with the high heat capacity material in two ends place and metal tube 2 ' seal welding in the wire chamber 2---made alumina balls 9.Wire chamber 2 outer surfaces are coated with high temperature solar energy selective absorption coating Pyromark 2500, form vacuum chamber interlayer 3 between wire chamber 2 and the glass outer tube 1.Wire chamber 2 is supported in the glass outer tube 1, and was supported on emphatically the glass outer tube on the one hand by upper and lower bracing frame 8 metal end puts, and metal tube 2 ' two ends are connected with inlet tube 4, outlet 5 respectively, and blank area is build in the shape of a spiral.
After the solar radiation energy exposure of high concentration ratio (X>500) arrived glass outer tube 1, transmission impinged upon heat absorption stainless steel tube 2 surfaces, and its heat absorption and accumulation of heat effect and embodiment one are similar.Compare with ordinary vacuum tube in the past, present embodiment has that area of section is big, flow resistance is little, the unidirectional direct current of water vapour, good, the thermal efficiency advantages of higher of anti-expansion and contraction, integrates the heat absorption and heat storage function, can directly produce high-temperature steam.
Embodiment three
The solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus structural representation of present embodiment as shown in Figure 3, its basic structure is identical with embodiment two, it also is the electron tubes type structure, difference is: inner bag is made of two metal tubes and a wire chamber 2, two metal tubes 2 ' are parallel to each other, the build rising of spiraling in the shape of a spiral, wire chamber 2 is placed in the metal tube 2 ' conveyor screw, and metal tube 2 ' and wire chamber 2 outer surfaces are coated with high temperature solar energy selective absorption coating.Two metal tubes 2 are worked simultaneously, and its heat absorption, accumulation of heat effect are better.
In order to reduce the amount of expanding with heat and contract with cold as far as possible, about the blank area of two metal tubes 2 ' that are connected with inlet tube 4, outlet 5 is divided into each one, make the helical form of opposite rotation direction respectively, so more help reducing the amount of expanding with heat and contract with cold.
Embodiment four
The solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus structural representation of present embodiment as shown in Figure 4, its basic structure is similar to embodiment three, difference is: metal tube 2 ' has four, body disc screws on liter in the shape of a spiral, twine the whole outer surface that solid matter is covered with wire chamber 2 mutually side by side, heat exchange is more abundant like this.
Under the enough prerequisite of heat exchange amount, present embodiment can develop into and saves wire chamber 2, only utilizes four conveyor screw metal tubes to constitute inner bags, and its outer surface is coated with solar selective absorbing coating, direct formation vacuum chamber 3 in the glass outer tube 1.The metal tube 2 ' of Chan Raoing is directly accepted the sunshine of high zoom and focus side by side, plays heat-absorbing action.The accumulation of heat effect then is embodied in: the by-pass valve control of four metal tubes replaces break-make, thereby makes each pipe heat absorption and accumulation of heat in turn.
Embodiment five
The basic structure of present embodiment and embodiment one are approaching, also belong to the vacuum cavity structure, as shown in Figure 5, be characterized in that window glass 10 is coniform, inner bag 2 is also corresponding to be made coniformly to adapt to the shape of window glass, and such overall structure has the little advantage of heat loss.The window glass of coniform certainly (or spherical crown shape) also can make the shape that other are easy to make into.Other situations are not given unnecessary details in addition referring to embodiment one.
The various embodiments described above have been narrated vacuum cavate and electron tubes type high temperature heat absorption and heat storage apparatus respectively, the former with the latter is compared has bigger superiority, show that mainly processing and manufacturing can adopt existing process equipment to get final product, and the design freedom of inner bag capacity is bigger, and the vacuum seal condition is met easily.The latter compares with the former, the glass outer tube diameter can't arbitrarily be strengthened by process limitation, vacuum in the glass outer tube must adopt special kovar alloy process for sealing, and the heat storage material weight in the wire chamber is more for a long time to the requirement of strength height of supporting structure, so its application is subjected to certain limitation.
In a word, solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus of the present invention integrates heat absorption, heat accumulation function, is particularly suitable for the generating of Salar light-gathering heat and waits the high temperature use device, will play positive facilitation for the heat utilization that promotes solar energy.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus, comprise transparent housing, be supported on the conveyor screw metal tube in the outer cover, working fluid outlet and the inlet tube that is connected with the metal tube two ends, vacuumize in the described outer cover, it is characterized in that: described conveyor screw metal tube be positioned at conveyor screw outer or airtight metallic cavity constitute inner bag, form vacuum interlayer between described inner bag and the outer cover, filling high heat capacity heat storage material in the inner bag, described metallic cavity or conveyor screw metal tube outer surface are coated with high temperature solar energy selective absorption coating.
2, solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described outer cover is windowed for one side the metal shell of glass is installed, and its inner surface is an optical reflecting layer, forms the vacuum cavity structure.
3, solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described outer cover is a transparent glass tube, forms the electron tubes type structure.
4, as claim 2 or 3 described solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus, it is characterized in that: the linkage section of described metal tube and working fluid outlet and inlet tube is the shape structure in the shape of a spiral.
5, as claim 2 or 3 described solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus, it is characterized in that: at least two of described metal tubes, the build that is parallel to each other the in the shape of a spiral rising of spiraling, and about being divided into two groups is made the helical form of opposite rotation direction respectively with inlet tube and outlet linkage section.
6, as claim 2 or 3 described solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus, it is characterized in that: described inlet tube and outlet are equipped with check valve respectively.
7, solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described window glass is coniform or the spherical crown shape, described inner bag is also corresponding make coniform.
8, a kind of solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus, comprise transparent housing, be supported on the conveyor screw metal tube in the outer cover, outlet and the inlet tube that is connected with the metal tube two ends, vacuumize in the described outer cover, it is characterized in that: described conveyor screw metal tube has two at least, the solid matter that is parallel to each other coiling constitutes inner bag, the outlet of described at least two metal tubes and inlet tube are equipped with the alternately control valve of break-make respectively, and described metal tube outer surface is coated with high temperature solar energy selective absorption coating.
9, solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: about described metal tube is divided into two groups, make the helical form of opposite rotation direction respectively with inlet tube and outlet linkage section.
CNB2004100655480A 2004-11-23 2004-11-23 Solar energy high-temperature vacuum heat absorption and heat storage apparatus Expired - Fee Related CN100360872C (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101965456A (en) * 2009-04-15 2011-02-02 观音能量株式会社 Solar thermal power generation apparatus
CN103615813A (en) * 2013-12-07 2014-03-05 湖南远健光能科技有限公司 Point-focusing-type circular solar heat collecting receiver
CN105222377A (en) * 2015-09-14 2016-01-06 北京君和科技有限公司 The solar energy heating control energy device of high usage
CN105860830A (en) * 2016-03-30 2016-08-17 上海电气集团股份有限公司 A solar energy high-temperature resistant heat-absorption coating material and a preparing method thereof
CN107675752A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-02-09 辽宁科技大学 A kind of wind energy and solar association pyrogenicity melt ice and snow melting device
CN108662793A (en) * 2018-05-08 2018-10-16 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 Coil pipe thermal-collecting tube and its heat collecting method for slot type photo-thermal power generation heat collector

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CN2199495Y (en) * 1994-08-04 1995-05-31 万继领 Plane internal circulation type solar water heater
CN1152101A (en) * 1995-12-15 1997-06-18 刘玉玺 Disc focusing solar heat collector
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CN1128325C (en) * 1999-05-21 2003-11-19 李先航 Spiral straight-flow type whole-glass vacuum solar heat-collecting tube
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101965456A (en) * 2009-04-15 2011-02-02 观音能量株式会社 Solar thermal power generation apparatus
CN101965456B (en) * 2009-04-15 2014-10-29 观音能量株式会社 Solar thermal power generation apparatus
CN103615813A (en) * 2013-12-07 2014-03-05 湖南远健光能科技有限公司 Point-focusing-type circular solar heat collecting receiver
CN103615813B (en) * 2013-12-07 2015-11-11 湖南远健光能科技有限公司 The circular solar energy heating receiver of a kind of point focusing formula
CN105222377A (en) * 2015-09-14 2016-01-06 北京君和科技有限公司 The solar energy heating control energy device of high usage
CN105860830A (en) * 2016-03-30 2016-08-17 上海电气集团股份有限公司 A solar energy high-temperature resistant heat-absorption coating material and a preparing method thereof
CN107675752A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-02-09 辽宁科技大学 A kind of wind energy and solar association pyrogenicity melt ice and snow melting device
CN107675752B (en) * 2017-10-31 2023-12-01 辽宁科技大学 Wind energy and solar energy combined heating ice and snow melting device
CN108662793A (en) * 2018-05-08 2018-10-16 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 Coil pipe thermal-collecting tube and its heat collecting method for slot type photo-thermal power generation heat collector

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