CN1609409A - Method and apparatus for producing natural gas hydras utilizing microwave heating - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for producing natural gas hydras utilizing microwave heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN1609409A CN1609409A CN 200410052338 CN200410052338A CN1609409A CN 1609409 A CN1609409 A CN 1609409A CN 200410052338 CN200410052338 CN 200410052338 CN 200410052338 A CN200410052338 A CN 200410052338A CN 1609409 A CN1609409 A CN 1609409A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to method and apparatus for microwave heating process of exploiting natural gas hydrate. The apparatus includes microwave generator, microwave converter, microwave transmitter and microwave receiver. The microwave transmitter makes microwave reaches the hydrate depositing layer. The microwave heating process of exploiting natural gas hydrate with the said apparatus includes: for the microwave generator to generate microwave; for the ground transmission pipeline and the microwave converter to send microwave to the well head unit; for the microwave transmitter to transmit microwave; and to reach microwave via the microwave receiver or directly to the hydrate depositing layer, where the hydrate is heated to decompose into natural gas and water and the natural gas is output via the gas exploiting pipeline.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing the heating using microwave exploitation of gas hydrate, be applied to the gas hydrates resource exploitation of seabed or tundra.
The invention still further relates to a kind of device that utilizes the heating using microwave exploitation of gas hydrate.
Background technology
Gas hydrates (Natural Gas Hydrate is called for short Gas Hydrate) claim cage compound (Clathrate) again.It is ice, non-stoichiometric, the cage type crystalline compounds of the class of being made up of water and natural gas under certain condition (salinity of suitable temperature, pressure, gas saturation, water, pH value etc.), and it meets fire is incendivity.The hydrate overwhelming majority that exists at occurring in nature is a methane hydrate.Generally, obtaining methane from decomposition of hydrate is more than 160 times of hydrate volume, and the total amount of the natural gas that exists with solid-state form Duos one times than fossil fuel reserves on the earth, thus people hydrate as future important energy stock.The methane phosphorus content is less than coal or oil in addition, and the carbon dioxide that methane produces only is half of coal, is a kind of cleaner energy.
By calculating, the uses energy equilibrium conditions, under the situation of hypothesis noenergy loss, the energy that obtains from hydrate gas is 15.5 times of decomposition water compound energy, therefore exploitation of gas hydrate has certain commercial value, but because the exploitation of gas hydrates is faced with economical and technical feasibility problem, the development technique of gas hydrates is still at the experimental stage.The thinking of exploitation of gas hydrates is that the gas hydrates that at first will contain in deposit decompose basically, be used then, the method that present stage proposes mainly contains thermal excitation, decompression and injection chemical agent (Sloan E D Jr.Clathrate hydrate of natural gases.New York:Marcer Inc., 1997).No matter be thermal excitation, decompression or injection chemical agent, each method all has the shortcoming of self, for example in the process of hot-water flooding, must import sensible heat before separating, simultaneously need again heat is outputed in the non-hydrated rock, add and pine for having 10% to 75% heat waste to lose; And the effect of decompression method is slow, and efficient is low, and needs higher reservoir temperature; Annotate then expense costliness of chemical agent, effect is slow, etching apparatus, and in hydrate, be difficult to diffusion, should not when extracting hydrate on bottom of sea, use.
Microwave and radio wave, infrared rays, visible light is the same all is electromagnetic wave, and microwave is meant that frequency is the electromagnetic wave of 300MHz-300KMHz, i.e. the electromagnetic wave of wavelength between 1 meter to 1 millimeter.When microwave runs into different materials in transmission course, can produce reflection, absorption and penetration phenomenon, microwave has different penetrances to different materials, to almost total reflection of metal, to glass, pottery, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polypropylene plastics and so on full impregnated mistake almost then, for other materials, length of penetration changes with the increase of wavelength, in other words, it is relevant with frequency, frequency is high more, and wavelength is short more, and its penetration power is also weak more.
Microwave has unique heating properties, and its heating is different with other mode of heating, and heat produces from medium is inner, and the thermal field is more even, has many advantages, therefore has been widely used in industries such as food, medicine now.Verified, microwave is a kind of good heater means.Experimental results show that microwave can accelerate decomposition of hydrate, and the effect of heating heats than routine, operate also fairly simplely, microwave can be used for hydrate is exploited.Utilize heating using microwave hydrate reservoir can avoid other heat injection modes in the heat waste of well head to bottom section.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of method of utilizing the heating using microwave exploitation of gas hydrate is provided.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of device that utilizes the heating using microwave exploitation of gas hydrate.
For the method for utilizing the heating using microwave exploitation of gas hydrate of the present invention, the main technical schemes of employing is: the heat of heating hydrate reservoir is provided by microwave.The method includes the steps of:
A, microwave generating apparatus produce microwave;
B, microwave is delivered to wellhead assembly by terrestrial transmission pipeline and microwave conversion equipment;
C, wellhead assembly send microwave by microwave transmission unit, and microwave directly arrives the hydrate reservoir, and the hydrate reservoir is heated;
D, hydrate reservoir resolve into natural G﹠W;
E, natural gas are exported by flow line.
This method can also realize by following steps:
A, microwave generating apparatus produce microwave;
B, microwave is delivered to wellhead assembly by terrestrial transmission pipeline and microwave conversion equipment;
C, wellhead assembly send microwave by microwave transmission unit;
D, microwave are received by microwave receiving device, and produce heat heating hydrate reservoir;
E, hydrate reservoir resolve into natural G﹠W;
F, natural gas are exported by flow line.
The device of heating using microwave exploitation of gas hydrate that utilizes of the present invention comprises microwave generating apparatus, microwave conversion equipment and microwave transmission unit, and this microwave transmission unit makes microwave energy get to reach the hydrate reservoir.
Can also be provided with microwave receiving device at the hydrate reservoir, to receive the microwave that microwave transmission unit sends.Because transmission line generally is made of aluminum or copper, there is strength problem, the transmission line very high sleeve pipe of can gaining in strength.
The course of work of apparatus of the present invention is as follows: microwave is produced by microwave generator, delivers to wellhead assembly by terrestrial transmission pipeline and microwave conversion equipment.Pass through the down-hole microwave transmission line toward underground transmission microwave by wellhead assembly again, microwave directly arrives the hydrate reservoir and heats the hydrate reservoir or microwave receives and produce heat heating hydrate reservoir by antenna assembly, the hydrate reservoir temperature resolves into natural G﹠W after raising, natural gas enters gas storage equipment by net horizontal section and flow line after inlet device is by dehumidifying.
Enter transmission line in the well and can save microwave plumbing by one and be formed by connecting, be easy for installation and removal by flange.
All ground system assemblies of this system all adopt flange to connect, and model is selected known model for use, guarantee when selecting assembly that all component all uses same model.In order to guarantee that not allowing microwave produce reveals, metal washer can be adopted in the junction, and is general based on soft metal, for example copper or aluminium.
It is that 300MHz is to 3GHz that the present invention adopts the frequency of microwave.
The present invention compared with prior art has following remarkable advantage and good effect: utilize the microwave transmission energy and directly heat the hydrate reservoir, reduce energy loss, can avoid other heat injection modes in the heat waste of well head to bottom section, heat produces from medium is inner simultaneously, and the thermal field is more even.The device that utilizes the heating using microwave exploitation of gas hydrate among the present invention, simple to operate, easy to use, equipment interoperability is strong, needn't overlapping investment.Because the gas hydrates stock number is very huge, very big commerce exploitation prospect is arranged, so the present invention has great application prospect.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that apparatus of the present invention are used for horizontal wells;
Fig. 2 is that apparatus of the present invention are at well barrel section sectional view;
Fig. 3 is the simplified schematic diagram of offshore mining gas hydrates method;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that apparatus of the present invention are used for the peupendicular hole exploitation.
Description of reference numerals
1 microwave generating apparatus; 2 microwave transducers; 3 terrestrial transmission lines; 4 gas storage equipment; 5 flow lines; 6 ground surfaces; 7 outer conduits; 8 sleeve pipes; 9 down-hole microwave transmission lines; 10 overlying rocks; 11 horizontal well bending sections; 12 interlayer bands; 13 hydrate reservoirs; 14 net horizontal sections; 15 antenna assemblies; 16 times overlying strata layers; 17 wellhead assemblies; 18 well buckets.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 utilizes the device of heating using microwave exploitation of gas hydrate to be used for the structural representation of horizontal wells.Be connected with terrestrial transmission line 3 between microwave generating apparatus 1 and the microwave transducers 2, microwave transducers 2 links to each other with wellhead assembly 17, and wellhead assembly 17 is provided with down-hole microwave transmission line 9, and this down-hole microwave transmission line 9 is to underground transmission microwave.Be provided with the antenna assembly 15 that receives microwave in hydrate reservoir 13, antenna assembly 15 receives microwave and produces heat heating hydrate reservoir 13.Flow line 5 is arranged near wellhead assembly 17, and the natural G﹠W that hydrate reservoir 13 is decomposed enters gas storage equipment 4 after inlet device 17 is by dehumidifying.
This device also can adopt down-hole microwave transmission line 9 directly to heat hydrate reservoir 13 to the mode of underground transmission microwave without antenna assembly 15 like this.When the gas recovery well chin-deep, because transmission line generally is made of aluminum or copper, there is strength problem, the transmission line very high sleeve pipe 8 of can gaining in strength.
Enter transmission line in the well and can save microwave plumbing by one and be formed by connecting by flange, can be easy for installation and removal, this connected mode is a known technology, no longer narrates at this.
Adopt device shown in Figure 1, realize utilizing the purpose of gas hydrates in the heating using microwave production of water horizontal well by following step: microwave is produced by microwave generator 1, deliver to wellhead assembly by terrestrial transmission pipeline 3 and microwave conversion equipment 2, pass through down-hole microwave transmission line 9 toward underground transmission microwaves by wellhead assembly again, microwave receives and produces heat heating hydrate reservoir 13 by antenna assembly 15, hydrate reservoir 13 temperature resolve into natural G﹠W after raising, natural gas enters gas storage equipment 4 by net horizontal section 14 and flow line 5 after inlet device 17 is by dehumidifying.
Also can adopt down-hole microwave transmission line 9 directly directly to heat the method for hydrate reservoir 13 toward the downhole transmitted microwave, this method concrete steps as follows: microwave is produced by microwave generator 1, delivers to wellhead assembly by terrestrial transmission pipeline 3 and microwave conversion equipment 2.Pass through down-hole microwave transmission line 9 toward underground transmission microwaves by wellhead assembly again, hydrate reservoir 13 temperature resolve into natural G﹠W after raising, and natural gas enters gas storage equipment 4 by net horizontal section 14 and flow line 5 after inlet device 17 is by dehumidifying.
Fig. 4 utilizes the device of heating using microwave exploitation of gas hydrate to be used for the structural representation of horizontal wells.Identical among concrete connected mode and Fig. 1 of parts in this device.Adopt device among Fig. 4 to realize the method for the exploitation of gas hydrates in the peupendicular hole and adopt method that device among Fig. 1 realizes the exploitation of gas hydrates in the horizontal well too, no longer repeat here.
This installs all ground system assemblies and all adopts flange to connect, and guarantees when selecting assembly that all component all uses same model.In order to guarantee that not allowing microwave produce reveals, metal washer can be adopted in the junction, and is general based on soft metal, for example copper or aluminium.
The microwave frequency that the present invention adopts can be 915MHz and 2.45GHz commonly used in the industry, also can change according to the microwave applications industrial standard, can use the microwave frequency of 300MHz to 3GHz.Power can be regulated according to gas production.
Because gas production must reach a certain amount of competence exertion economic benefit, under the situation that does not have the HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES generator, can exploit combination with decompression, press by reducing well, reach the effect of energy conservation.
Embodiment 1
The exploitation of the gas hydrates in the horizontal well.
After horizontal well is meant and vertically gets into certain depth,, make the well depth track with greater than 86 degree hole angles, pass target zone and extend special well more than 300 meters by the design orientation by special deflecting tool.The mode that it creeps into by horizontal-extending in reservoir can overcome such as earth bulgings such as cities and towns, village, river, oceans, realizes the probing target, can once penetrate tens oil-gas Layer again, obtains the benefit that is equivalent to the conventional straight well of 5 to 10 mouthfuls of wells.Wherein multiple target horizontal well, staged horizontal well, a well are two visits horizontal well and extra large oily land to adopt horizontal well is several typical horizontal wells.Microwave technology also can be by putting into net horizontal section with antenna or small-sized high-power microwave source, and antenna is by the microwave accepting the surface well oral instructions and come and radiation heating reservoir around.
Designing a gas production is the frozen soil type hydrate natural gas well that daily output can reach 100 ten thousand steres, needs the hydrate of heating 0.625 ten thousand stere, and hydrate content is 40%, then needs to heat the reservoir of 1.5625 ten thousand steres.If reservoir temperature is 9 ℃, pressure is 8Mpa, 1000 meters of well depths, reservoir temperature need be heated to 15 ℃, and wherein the decomposition enthalpy of hydrate is approximately 53kJ/mol, can estimate needed microwave power by the thermal capacitance of reservoir, for example 2M watt, then microwave generator is selected 2M watt for use, and frequency is 915MHz.
Embodiment 2
The exploitation of the gas hydrates in the peupendicular hole.
The maintenance cost of underwater well is higher and equipment such as microwave source need be placed on the platform, the production system of platform (as fixed platform production system and tension leg floating production system) be can be placed on so when selecting for use, should consider well head, semi-submersible type or oil tanker formula floating production system do not considered to adopt.Because pressure is too high, does not also adopt microwave transmission line in the well, and adopt the method for placing antenna in the shaft bottom.
In this example, platform microwave device part is made up of microwave generating apparatus, microwave transducers and terrestrial transmission line.Microwave frequency is 915MHz, and transmission line adopts national standard BJ-9, and power can mate as required, and concrete connected mode can be with reference to the accompanying drawings 3.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of method of utilizing the heating using microwave exploitation of gas hydrate is characterized in that: the heat of heating hydrate reservoir is provided by microwave.
2, the method for exploitation of gas hydrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it comprises following steps:
A, microwave generating apparatus produce microwave;
B, microwave is delivered to wellhead assembly by terrestrial transmission pipeline and microwave conversion equipment;
C, wellhead assembly send microwave by microwave transmission unit, and microwave directly arrives the hydrate reservoir, and the hydrate reservoir is heated;
D, hydrate reservoir resolve into natural G﹠W;
E, natural gas are exported by flow line.
3, the method for exploitation of gas hydrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it comprises following steps:
A, microwave generating apparatus produce microwave;
B, microwave is delivered to wellhead assembly by terrestrial transmission pipeline and microwave conversion equipment;
C, wellhead assembly send microwave by microwave transmission unit;
D, microwave are received by microwave receiving device, and produce heat heating hydrate reservoir;
E, hydrate reservoir resolve into natural G﹠W;
F, natural gas are exported by flow line.
4, the method for exploitation of gas hydrate according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the microwave receiving device in the steps d is an antenna assembly (15).
5, according to the method for claim 2 or 3 described exploitation of gas hydrate, it is characterized in that: described microwave transmission unit is a down-hole microwave transmission line (9).
6, a kind of device that utilizes the heating using microwave exploitation of gas hydrate is characterized in that comprising microwave generating apparatus (1), microwave conversion equipment (2) and microwave transmission unit, and this microwave transmission unit makes microwave energy get to reach hydrate reservoir (13).
7, device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described microwave transmission unit is a down-hole microwave transmission line (9).
8, device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the outer wrap pipe of described transmission line (9) (8).
9, according to claim 6 or 7 or 8 described devices, it is characterized in that: also be provided with microwave receiving device at hydrate reservoir (13).
10, device according to claim 9 is characterized in that: described microwave receiving device is an antenna assembly (15).
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| CN 200410052338 CN1609409A (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2004-11-23 | Method and apparatus for producing natural gas hydras utilizing microwave heating |
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| CN 200410052338 CN1609409A (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2004-11-23 | Method and apparatus for producing natural gas hydras utilizing microwave heating |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006052395A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-02-23 | Naoto Yasuda | Method for recovering gas from gas hydrate, recovering apparatus and method for regasification of gas hydrate |
| CN101555797B (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2011-08-03 | 四川大学 | Extraction device for undersea gas hydrate and extraction method thereof |
| CN102797447A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2012-11-28 | 韩中枢 | Extracting method of land combustible ice and extracting device adopted for same |
| CN103114871A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2013-05-22 | 刘永杰 | Extraction device and method utilizing microwave coal heating layer |
| CN103967464A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-08-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Concentric pipe heat tracing natural gas exploitation method and special tubular column |
| CN102027196B (en) * | 2008-05-18 | 2015-03-25 | 贝克休斯公司 | Radio and microwave treatment of oil wells |
| CN107542441A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-05 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of method of parallel water horizontal well hot-water flooding exploitation of gas hydrate |
| CN107542437A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-05 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of method of row's formula horizontal wells offshore natural gas hydrate |
| CN107542438A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-05 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of method of parallel water horizontal well exploitation of gas hydrate |
| CN107558977A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-09 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of method of row's formula horizontal well microwave heating exploitation of gas hydrate |
| CN107575202A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-12 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of method of gas hydrates parallel water horizontal well hot-water flooding exploitation |
| CN107635301A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-26 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of coiled tubing type micro-wave heating device for exploitation of gas hydrate |
| CN110685655A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-14 | 重庆大学 | Natural gas hydrate exploitation method for heating stratum by electric pulse |
| CN111188607A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-22 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Liquid CO2Method for exploiting natural gas hydrate by cooperation of magnetofluid replacement and microwave heating |
| CN111810060A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-10-23 | 西南石油大学 | Double-layer pipe microwave heating short joint for hydrate conveying |
| CN112459749A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-09 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Integrated control system and method for microwave heating |
-
2004
- 2004-11-23 CN CN 200410052338 patent/CN1609409A/en active Pending
Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006052395A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-02-23 | Naoto Yasuda | Method for recovering gas from gas hydrate, recovering apparatus and method for regasification of gas hydrate |
| CN102027196B (en) * | 2008-05-18 | 2015-03-25 | 贝克休斯公司 | Radio and microwave treatment of oil wells |
| CN101555797B (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2011-08-03 | 四川大学 | Extraction device for undersea gas hydrate and extraction method thereof |
| CN102797447A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2012-11-28 | 韩中枢 | Extracting method of land combustible ice and extracting device adopted for same |
| CN103967464A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-08-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Concentric pipe heat tracing natural gas exploitation method and special tubular column |
| CN103967464B (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2016-07-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Concentric tube heat tracing natural gas exploiting method and special tubing string |
| CN103114871A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2013-05-22 | 刘永杰 | Extraction device and method utilizing microwave coal heating layer |
| CN107542437A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-05 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of method of row's formula horizontal wells offshore natural gas hydrate |
| CN107542441A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-05 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of method of parallel water horizontal well hot-water flooding exploitation of gas hydrate |
| CN107542438A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-05 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of method of parallel water horizontal well exploitation of gas hydrate |
| CN107558977A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-09 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of method of row's formula horizontal well microwave heating exploitation of gas hydrate |
| CN107575202A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-12 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of method of gas hydrates parallel water horizontal well hot-water flooding exploitation |
| CN107635301A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-26 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of coiled tubing type micro-wave heating device for exploitation of gas hydrate |
| CN107635301B (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2020-07-28 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | Coiled tubing type microwave heater for exploiting natural gas hydrate |
| CN110685655A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-14 | 重庆大学 | Natural gas hydrate exploitation method for heating stratum by electric pulse |
| CN110685655B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-10-08 | 重庆大学 | Natural gas hydrate exploitation method for heating stratum by electric pulse |
| CN111188607A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-22 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Liquid CO2Method for exploiting natural gas hydrate by cooperation of magnetofluid replacement and microwave heating |
| CN111810060A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-10-23 | 西南石油大学 | Double-layer pipe microwave heating short joint for hydrate conveying |
| CN112459749A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-09 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Integrated control system and method for microwave heating |
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