CN1600991A - Tamping pickaxe - Google Patents
Tamping pickaxe Download PDFInfo
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- CN1600991A CN1600991A CN 200410067476 CN200410067476A CN1600991A CN 1600991 A CN1600991 A CN 1600991A CN 200410067476 CN200410067476 CN 200410067476 CN 200410067476 A CN200410067476 A CN 200410067476A CN 1600991 A CN1600991 A CN 1600991A
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- shock absorber
- shaft
- power transmission
- tamping pickaxe
- tamping
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tamping pickaxe with appropriate vibratory force, good effect of shock absorption, high work efficiency and long useful life, which is used in maintaining the ballast beds of the railways. The power machine, machine body, shock absorber, vibrating body and pickaxe are connected into an obsturator in order. The output shaft, upper shaft, cross gemel, lower shaft and eccentricity device of the power machine are connected into a coaxial line rotor. Its features lie in: the transmission shaft is composed of the upper shaft, lower shaft and cross gemel to form a universal hinge axis and the machine body are connected with the vibrating body through the shock absorber. The shock absorber is formed by sticking the rubber circular cylinder to the upper flat closure and the lower flat closure. The center of the cross gemel locates at the center of the rubber circular cylinder. The whole machine weighs 18kg and its swing is 8mm. The second scheme sets a handlebar damping device and its effect of shock absorption reaches to the level that the hand won't feel the tingle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oscillating mode monomer tamping pickaxe that the railway ballast maintenance is used, particularly relate to the power transmission shaft and the vibration absorber of tamping pickaxe.
Background technology
Chinese patent 03221006.X discloses a kind of " monomer electric rammer ", it is characterized in that power transmission shaft is no flexible pipe ultrashort type power transmission shaft, one of its scheme is that the ultrashort type power transmission shaft that adopts is the hard axle of the rigidity of band amount of deflection, the one end is connected with motor output shaft, and the other end is connected with eccentric shaft in making rod firm by ramming.The length of ultrashort type power transmission shaft is the 100-200 millimeter, and shock absorber is installed between handgrip and the motor bonnet.Motor rotates at a high speed through ultrashort type power transmission shaft drive eccentric shaft and rotates at a high speed, makes to make the whole generation vibrations of rod firm by ramming.The installation site of the shock absorber of this patent is improper.The installation site of shock absorber should so just meet the purpose that shock absorber is set between vibration source and engine and handgrip in general.The flexible axle transmission can adapt to the shock absorber distortion, if no matter adopt hard through-drive size length all to need to solve the problem of " adapting to the shock absorber distortion ".This patent described " the hard axle of the rigidity of band amount of deflection ", notion is indeterminate, does not also have embodiment.
Chinese patent 03277681.0 discloses a kind of single independent operation " portable internal combustion ", by power set, transmission device, damping device, five parts of vibrating device and support are formed, it is characterized in that power set adopt put-put, this petrol engine is installed on the support body of an Armrest, the bottom of support body is provided with the vibration tamping bar structure downwards, making the rod upper end firm by ramming is connected with the support body bottom by a rubber damper: transmission device comprises clutch, belt gear, gear drive and universal joint shaft transmission mechanism or flexible shaft transmission mechanism, petrolic rotation output is successively through clutch, belt gear, gear drive connects, and finally is delivered to the vibration tamping rod by universal joint shaft transmission mechanism or flexible shaft transmission mechanism from the set hole of rubber damper central authorities.But this patent is provided with jackshaft (referring to this patent Fig. 1) between two single tines of Hooks coupling universal coupling, increased the length of Hooks coupling universal coupling, and the position of Hooks coupling universal coupling and rubber damper relation is indeterminate, does not illustrate how Hooks coupling universal coupling adapts to the shock absorber distortion.
Summary of the invention
Big and the installation site of improper and Hooks coupling universal coupling length is not waited not enoughly between two parties for the shock absorber installation site that overcomes prior art, the invention provides that a kind of vibration force is suitable, high efficiency, long service life and have the tamping pickaxe of one-level vibration damping.Another object of the present invention provide a kind of vibration force suitably, high efficiency, long service life and have the tamping pickaxe of two-stage vibration damping.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of tamping pickaxe that is used for the railway ballast maintenance, comprise engine, power transmission shaft, eccentric part, handgrip, body, pick, vibrating body, shock absorber, the upper end of described power transmission shaft is connected with engine, its lower end is connected with eccentric part, handgrip is connected with body, pick is connected with vibrating body, described eccentric part is positioned at the vibrating body intraperitoneal, it is characterized in that described power transmission shaft is to connect as one the universal coupling axle that constitutes by last axle and lower shaft and cross-garnet butt, described body and vibrating body connect as one by shock absorber, and described power transmission shaft is positioned at the intraperitoneal of body and shock absorber and vibrating body.This is one and adopts hard driven off by shaft technical scheme, when reacting on shock absorber by pick and vibrating body, ballast aggregate causes shock absorber when distortion, owing to be provided with cross-garnet butt, deformation force relatively rotates by the single tine that last axle and lower shaft drive cross-garnet butt, the length of whole power transmission shaft is dwindled, so power transmission shaft can the multi-angle random adaptation shock absorber distortion of more than enough side.
Described tamping pickaxe is characterized in that described shock absorber is to be made of rubber ring cylinder and the flat cover that is bonded as one with it and blind nut.Such structure can realize that the top connects the body below and connects vibrating body, and complete machine is the boundary with the rubber ring cylinder, and the bottom suitably vibrates, and the top comfortable operation demonstrates fully the complete isolation damper effect of rubber ring cylinder.
Described tamping pickaxe is characterized in that the center, abdominal cavity of the rubber ring cylinder that is centered close to described shock absorber of the cross-garnet butt of described power transmission shaft.Such position relation helps power transmission shaft and adapts to the shock absorber distortion.
Described tamping pickaxe, the structure that it is characterized in that described cross-garnet butt is: last single tine that is connected with last axle and the following single tine that is connected with lower shaft, the mutually perpendicular side of clamping the cross piece respectively is fixed as one by connector, plug pin passes the through hole of single tine and cross piece, two short pins pass down the through hole of a fork of single tine body and the partial through holes of cross piece respectively from both sides, until its end contact plug pin outer wall, a pin rod passes its two ends of radial hole of two short axial holes of selling and plug pin to riveting.After adopting such structure, not only go up axle and power can be passed to lower shaft and eccentric part producing vibration by single tine, and go up axle and lower shaft and can drive single tine and relatively rotate and change axis angle and be out of shape to adapt to shock absorber.
Described tamping pickaxe is characterized in that the cube that is shaped as of described cross piece, the intersect vertical axis of two through holes that are used to connect of described cross piece.Described upward single tine and following single tine are by circle ring column and fork body by integral forming, and described fork body has semicircle opening and semicircle termination.The shape of these two parts and structure can simplified processing process, reduce production costs.
Described tamping pickaxe, it is characterized in that at described lower shaft be a tongue bar axle, described tongue bar axle top is cylinder and the bottom is damaged entity, the side of described damaged entity is that the bottom of described tongue bar axle is connected with the top of eccentric part by woodruff key by a plane and the sealing surface that curved surface joins and forms.Insert or extract tongue bar axle when on tongue bar axle, the plane being set and helping installing/dismounting.
In technique scheme, two furcation areas of handgrip are parallel to be inserted in the groove of two cover train wheel bridges and lower plate, and train wheel bridge and lower plate are fixed on the seat board by bolt, nut, and a seat board is welded on the body.
In order further to improve effectiveness in vibration suppression, the invention provides second kind of tamping pickaxe technical scheme, on the basis of first scheme, increase second level vibration reducing measure as described below.
Described tamping pickaxe, the body that it is characterized in that described tamping pickaxe is provided with the handle vibration damping device that is connected and composed by vibration-damped component and clamping element and support member, and described vibration-damped component is to be made of rubber cuboid and the upper junction plate that has bolt and the lower connecting plate that are bonded as one with it; Described clamping element is meant the train wheel bridge and the lower plate of the counterpart installation that is provided with semi-circular recesses; Described support member is meant a seat board that connects as one with body.This scheme is as second level vibration reducing measure.As preferably, described handle vibration damping device should be between engine and shock absorber, and described handle vibration damping device can be used as individual components and is installed on other tamping machine equipment.
Described tamping pickaxe, it is characterized in that in the parallel groove that is inserted in two cover train wheel bridges and lower plate of two furcation areas of described handgrip, train wheel bridge and lower plate are by on the upper junction plate that is bolted to damping body, the lower connecting plate of damping body is by being bolted on the seat board, and a seat board is welded on the body.
Described two kinds of tamping pickaxes is characterized in that described engine is motor or internal combustion engine.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: two kinds of tamping pickaxes of the present invention can be divided into periphery and running part.Periphery is meant that engine, body, shock absorber, vibrating body and pick are linked in sequence and is that obturator, handgrip and body connect as one and guides and supports complete machine.Adopt such overall structure, can rotate handgrip arbitrarily and make pick carrying out tamping operation in the arbitrarily angled insertion railway roadbed ballast, convenient and swift, flexible operation, amplitude be (8mm) suitably, can increase work efficiency greatly.In addition, complete machine is the boundary with the rubber ring cylinder, and the bottom is an oscillating component, and top is operation part.The bottom suitably vibrates, and the top comfortable operation demonstrates fully the complete isolation damper effect of rubber ring cylinder.Complete machine is connection and reasonable arrangement, compact conformation, (18Kg) in light weight from top to bottom.Running part is meant the coaxial line rotor that the output shaft of engine, last axle, cross-garnet butt, lower shaft and eccentric part are linked in sequence.When the reaction force of ballast aggregate puts on shock absorber and causes the distortion of rubber ring cylinder by pick and vibrating body, compressing rubber circle ring column for example, just compress the periphery of tamping pickaxe, the compressive force of periphery passes to the two ends of power transmission shaft, because the two ends of power transmission shaft are fixed, cross-garnet butt in the middle of having only can rotate, the single tine of going up axle and lower shaft drive cross-garnet butt that bears compressive force relatively rotates, the length of whole power transmission shaft is dwindled, realize the multi-angle random adaptation shock absorber distortion of many sides of power transmission shaft.Because relatively rotating of cross-garnet butt single tine is the rotation that a kind of turned position basic fixed is constant and the angle change is little, as long as suitably allow some leeway in the design, when changing, the generation of the single tine up and down angle of cross-garnet butt also can not collide the inwall of rubber ring cylinder.Like this, eccentric part rotates with the pick vibration tamping unaffected mutually, brings into play self function separately.The structure of power transmission shaft and installation site thereof have the remarkable result of avoiding wearing and tearing, save energy and reduce the cost, improving application life.
Alternative plan of the present invention is provided with handle vibration damping device between engine and shock absorber, make handgrip obtain the secondary vibration damping, thereby greatly reduce operative employee's labour intensity, reaches the not numb level of feel.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of tamping pickaxe of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of the cross-garnet butt of power transmission shaft shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is along A-A line sectional drawing among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of lower shaft shown in Fig. 1 (tongue bar axle) and eccentric part.
Fig. 5 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of handle vibration damping device shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the broken section right view of Fig. 5.
1. power transmission shafts among the figure, axle on 11., single tine on 111., 12. lower shafts, 121. times single tines, 13. cross piece 14. plug pins, 15. short pins, 16. pin rods, 2. engine, 3. eccentric part, 31. woodruff key, 32. planes, 4. handgrip, 5. body, 6. pick, 7. vibrating body, 8. shock absorber, 9. handle vibration damping device, 91. a seat board, 92. train wheel bridges, 93. lower plates, 94. rubber cuboids, 95. upper junction plate, 96. lower connecting plates, 10. bearing, M. cross-garnet butt.
The specific embodiment
Tamping pickaxe of the present invention can be divided into periphery and running part.Periphery surrounds running part.Periphery is meant that engine 2, body 5, shock absorber 8, vibrating body 7 and pick 6 are linked in sequence and is obturator that handgrip 4 connects as one with body 5 and guides and supports complete machine.Running part is meant the coaxial line rotor that the output shaft of engine 2, last axle 11, cross-garnet butt M, lower shaft 12 and eccentric part 3 are linked in sequence.
As shown in Figure 1, in periphery, shock absorber 8 is made of rubber ring cylinder 81 and the flat cover 82 that is bonded as one with it and blind nut 83.Shock absorber 8 connects body 5 by flat cover 82, and body 5 upper ends are connected with the output shaft end face of engine 2.Shock absorber 8 connects vibrating body 7 by blind nut 83.Adopt such overall structure, can rotate handgrip 4 arbitrarily and make pick 6 to smash same operation in the arbitrarily angled insertion railway roadbed ballast, convenient and swift, flexible operation can be increased work efficiency.In addition, complete machine is the boundary with rubber ring cylinder 81, and the bottom is an oscillating component, and top is operation part.The bottom suitably vibrates, and the top comfortable operation demonstrates fully the complete isolation damper effect of rubber ring cylinder.
As shown in Figure 1, running part is connected to form by engine 2, power transmission shaft 1 and eccentric part 3.Described power transmission shaft 1 is to connect as one the universal coupling axle that constitutes by last axle 11 and lower shaft 12 with cross-garnet butt M, and the upper end of last axle 11 is connected with the output axle key of engine 2, and the lower end of lower shaft 12 is connected with the upper end key of eccentric part 3.As Fig. 1, shown in Figure 4, lower shaft 12 is tongue bar axles, described tongue bar axle top is cylinder and the bottom is damaged entity, the side of described damaged entity is by a plane 32 and the sealing surface that curved surface joins and forms, and the bottom of described tongue bar axle is connected with the top of eccentric part 3 by woodruff key 31.Insert or extract tongue bar axle when on tongue bar axle, plane 32 being set and helping installing/dismounting.The bearing 10 at eccentric part two ends about in the of 3 contacts with the inwall of vibrating body 7, guarantees the plumbness of power transmission shaft 1 and eccentric part 3 axis on the one hand, and the eccentric part 3 high-speed centrifugal force that produce that rotate pass to vibrating body 7 by bearing 10 on the other hand.
As shown in Figure 1, described power transmission shaft 1 is positioned at the intraperitoneal of body 5 and shock absorber 8 and vibrating body 7.The center, abdominal cavity of the rubber ring cylinder 81 that is centered close to described shock absorber 8 of the cross-garnet butt M of particularly described power transmission shaft 1, such position relation are very beneficial for power transmission shaft and adapt to the shock absorber distortion.Because relatively rotating of cross-garnet butt single tine is the rotation that a kind of turned position basic fixed is constant and the angle change is little, as long as suitably allow some leeway in the design, when changing, the generation of the single tine up and down angle of cross-garnet butt M also can not collide the inwall of rubber ring cylinder.Like this, eccentric part 3 rotates with pick 6 vibration tampings unaffected mutually, brings into play self function separately.Power transmission shaft 1 and installation site thereof have the remarkable result of avoiding wearing and tearing, save energy and reduce the cost, improving application life.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 have provided the structure of described cross-garnet butt: reach the following single tine 121 that is connected with lower shaft 12 with the last axle 11 last single tines that are connected 111, the mutually perpendicular side of clamping cross piece 13 respectively is fixed as one by connector, plug pin 14 passes the through hole of single tine 111 and cross piece 13, two short pins 15 pass down the through hole of 111 1 forks of single tine body and the partial through holes of cross piece 13 respectively from both sides, until its end contact plug pin 14 outer walls, pin rod 16 passes its two ends of radial hole of the axial hole of two short pins 15 and plug pin 14 to riveting.After adopting such structure, last axle 11 can pass to lower shaft 12 and eccentric part 3 to produce vibration by single tine with power, goes up axle 11 and lower shaft 12 simultaneously and can drive single tine and relatively rotate and change axis angle and be out of shape to adapt to shock absorber.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, described cross piece 13 be shaped as cube, the intersect vertical axis of two through holes that are used to connect of described cross piece 13, described upward single tine 111 and following single tine 121 are by circle ring column and fork body by integral forming, and described fork body has semicircle opening and semicircle termination.Their this shape and structure can simplified processing process, reduce production costs.
Power transmission shaft adapts to the process of shock absorber distortion: when the reaction force of ballast aggregate puts on shock absorber 8 and causes 81 distortion of rubber ring cylinder by pick 6 and vibrating body 7, for example the compressing rubber circle ring column 81, just compress the periphery of tamping pickaxe, the compressive force of periphery passes to the two ends of power transmission shaft 1, because the two ends of power transmission shaft 1 are fixed, cross-garnet butt in the middle of having only can rotate, the single tine of going up axle and lower shaft drive cross-garnet butt that bears compressive force relatively rotates, the length of whole power transmission shaft is dwindled, realize the multi-angle random adaptation shock absorber distortion of many sides of power transmission shaft.
This is that an emphasis solves the tamping pickaxe technical scheme how hard axle adapts to the shock absorber distortion, wherein the effectiveness in vibration suppression of shock absorber reaches operator's instructions for use substantially, therefore, accompanying drawing 1 as described tamping pickaxe technical scheme, do not adopt handle vibration damping device 9 wherein, promptly do not adopt rubber cuboid 94 and upper junction plate 95 and lower connecting plate 96.In the above tamping pickaxe technical scheme, the mount scheme of handgrip is: two furcation areas of handgrip 4 are parallel to be inserted in the groove of two cover train wheel bridges 92 and lower plate 93, train wheel bridge and lower plate are fixed on the seat board 91 by bolt, nut, and a seat board 91 is welded on the body 5.
In order further to improve effectiveness in vibration suppression, the invention provides second kind of tamping pickaxe technical scheme, on the basis of first scheme, increase the second level as described below vibration reducing measure.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, the body 5 of described tamping pickaxe is provided with the handle vibration damping device 9 that is connected and composed by vibration-damped component and clamping element and support member, and described vibration-damped component is to be made of rubber cuboid 94 and the upper junction plate that has bolt 95 that is bonded as one with it and lower connecting plate 96; Described clamping element is meant the train wheel bridge 92 and the lower plate 93 of the counterpart installation that is provided with semi-circular recesses; Described support member is meant a seat board 91 that connects as one with body 5.This scheme is exactly a second level vibration reducing measure.As preferably, described handle vibration damping device 9 should be between engine and shock absorber, and described handle vibration damping device can be used as individual components and is installed on other tamping machine equipment.
Described tamping pickaxe, it is characterized in that in the parallel groove that is inserted in two cover train wheel bridges 92 and lower plate 93 of two furcation areas of described handgrip, train wheel bridge and lower plate are by on the upper junction plate 95 that is bolted to vibration-damped component, the lower connecting plate 96 of vibration-damped component is by being bolted on the seat board 91, and a seat board 91 is welded on the body 5.
Described two kinds of tamping pickaxes is characterized in that described engine 2 is motor or internal combustion engine.In Fig. 1, motor output shaft is connected with last axle 11, and the motor output shaft end face is connected with body 5.
Claims (10)
1. tamping pickaxe that is used for the railway ballast maintenance, comprise engine, power transmission shaft, eccentric part, handgrip, body, pick, vibrating body, shock absorber, the upper end of described power transmission shaft is connected with engine, its lower end is connected with eccentric part, handgrip is connected with body, pick is connected with vibrating body, described eccentric part is positioned at the vibrating body intraperitoneal, it is characterized in that described power transmission shaft (1) is the universal coupling axle that is connected as one formation by last axle (11) and lower shaft (12) and cross-garnet butt (M), described body (5) connects as one by shock absorber (8) with vibrating body (7), and described power transmission shaft (1) is positioned at the intraperitoneal of body (5) and shock absorber (8) and vibrating body (7).
2. tamping pickaxe according to claim 1 is characterized in that described shock absorber (8) is by rubber ring cylinder (81) and flat cover (82) that is bonded as one with it and blind nut (83) formation.
3. tamping pickaxe according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the center, abdominal cavity of the rubber ring cylinder (81) that is centered close to described shock absorber of the cross-garnet butt (M) of described power transmission shaft.
4. tamping pickaxe according to claim 3, the structure that it is characterized in that described cross-garnet butt (M) is: last single tine (111) that is connected with last axle (11) and the following single tine (121) that is connected with lower shaft (12), the mutually perpendicular side of clamping cross piece (13) respectively is fixed as one by connector, plug pin (14) passes the through hole of single tine (111) and cross piece (13), two short pins (15) pass down the through hole of (121) forks of single tine body and the partial through holes of cross piece (13) respectively from both sides, until its end contact plug pin (14) outer wall, a pin rod (16) passes its two ends of radial hole of two short axial holes of selling and plug pin to riveting.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 described tamping pickaxes, it is characterized in that the cube that is shaped as of described cross piece (13), the intersect vertical axis of two through holes that are used to connect of described cross piece (13).
6. tamping pickaxe according to claim 5 is characterized in that described upward single tine (111) and following single tine (121) by circle ring column and fork body by integral forming, and described fork body has semicircle opening and semicircle termination.
7. according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 6 described tamping pickaxes, it is characterized in that at described lower shaft (12) be a tongue bar axle, described tongue bar axle top is cylinder and the bottom is damaged entity, the side of described damaged entity is by a plane (32) and the sealing surface that curved surface joins and forms, and the bottom of described tongue bar axle is connected with the top of eccentric part (3) by woodruff key (31).
8. tamping pickaxe according to claim 1, the body (5) that it is characterized in that described tamping pickaxe is provided with the handle vibration damping device (9) that is connected and composed by vibration-damped component and clamping element and support member, and described vibration-damped component is to be made of rubber cuboid (94) and the upper junction plate that has bolt (95) that is bonded as one with it and lower connecting plate (96); Described clamping element is meant the train wheel bridge (92) and the lower plate (93) of the counterpart installation that is provided with semi-circular recesses; Described support member is meant a seat board (91) that connects as one with body (5).
9. tamping pickaxe according to claim 8, it is characterized in that in the parallel groove that is inserted in two cover train wheel bridges (92) and lower plate (93) of two furcation areas of described handgrip (4), train wheel bridge (92) and lower plate (93) are by on the upper junction plate (95) that is bolted to damping body, the lower connecting plate of damping body (96) is by being bolted on the seat board (91), and a seat board (91) is welded on the body (5).
10. according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 6 or 8 described tamping pickaxes, it is characterized in that described engine is motor or internal combustion engine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410067476 CN1266340C (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2004-10-21 | Tamping pickaxe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410067476 CN1266340C (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2004-10-21 | Tamping pickaxe |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1600991A true CN1600991A (en) | 2005-03-30 |
| CN1266340C CN1266340C (en) | 2006-07-26 |
Family
ID=34666625
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410067476 Expired - Fee Related CN1266340C (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2004-10-21 | Tamping pickaxe |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1266340C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012139687A1 (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-18 | Robel Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh | Hand-held tamper |
-
2004
- 2004-10-21 CN CN 200410067476 patent/CN1266340C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012139687A1 (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-18 | Robel Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh | Hand-held tamper |
| KR101343195B1 (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2013-12-19 | 로벨 바흔바우마쉬넨 게엠베하 | Hand Tamper |
| EP3056606A1 (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2016-08-17 | Robel Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH | Hand packer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1266340C (en) | 2006-07-26 |
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Granted publication date: 20060726 Termination date: 20201021 |