CN1581654A - Voltage-dropping DC-to-DC power supply converter and power supply converting method - Google Patents
Voltage-dropping DC-to-DC power supply converter and power supply converting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1581654A CN1581654A CN 03152580 CN03152580A CN1581654A CN 1581654 A CN1581654 A CN 1581654A CN 03152580 CN03152580 CN 03152580 CN 03152580 A CN03152580 A CN 03152580A CN 1581654 A CN1581654 A CN 1581654A
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Abstract
The DC-to-DC power source converter includes two first switches and two reduction voltage loops. The two first switches are connected to DC power source in parallel. Their on/off states are opposite, but their duration is same. One end of each reduction voltage loop is connected to first switch respectively and the other end is connected to load in parallel. Each reduction voltage loop includes a second switch, an inductance and a capacitance. On/off state of second switch is opposite to first switch, but their durations are same. Thus, the DC power source is able to generate first pulse and second pulse signals, and their duty ratios are 50% and phase difference is 180 degrees. Further, first current and second current are generated. Finally, first current and second current are merged and transferred to a load.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of power supply changeover device and power conversion method of DC-DC, particularly about a kind of power supply changeover device (buck/step-down DC/DCconverter) and power conversion method of buck DC-DC.
Background technology
Generally speaking, (Voltage Regulator Module VRM) is built on the motherboard in being voltage regulator module, is used for handling and adjusts central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU) required voltage.
Traditionally, the voltage regulator module of buck or to be called the buck DC-DC power supply converter be to use the reduction voltage loop more than three groups is in parallel.With reference to Fig. 1, an end of three groups of reduction voltage loop 11,12,13 is parallel to a direct current power supply 14, and the other end is parallel to a load 15.Each reduction voltage loop 11,12,13 is controlled its conducting by three switch S 1, S2, S3 respectively, and all comprises a diode D1, an inductance L 1 and a capacitor C 1.If these three groups of reduction voltage loop 11,12,13 be homophase, this kind circuit structure will produce that ripple (ripple) is big, dynamic response (dynamic response) waits shortcoming slowly, and need use flow equalize technology.
Being usually used in improving the excessive method of ripple at present is that these three groups of reduction voltage circuits 11,12,13 are divided into three-phase, and is separated by 120 ° respectively, and its sequential (timing) as shown in Figure 2.When phase place not simultaneously, the lifting of electric current and asynchronous in each inductance L 1 can be cancelled each other by this, thus the excessive phenomenon of the ripple that is improved.In addition, if the voltage of this DC power supply 14 is Vi, the pressure reduction of load 15 is Vo, and then the pulse duty factor in this sequential (duty cycle) equals Vo/Vi.Suppose Vi=10V and Vo=3V, then duty of ratio is 30%, it is less than 1/3rd, thereby this moment this reduction voltage circuit 11,12 and 12,13 pulse will produce phenomenon discontinuous or not overlapping (non-overlapping), its blanking time, t was so-called idle time (dead time), will delay the speed of dynamic response.
In sum, and though utilize the technology of out of phase, the excessive shortcoming of ripple improved, but the problem of idle time still exists, and adding needs to use flow equalize technology, often makes circuit comparatively complicated.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of power supply changeover device and power conversion method of DC-DC, can reduce ripple, accelerate dynamic response, to satisfy the needs of big electric current, low-voltage.In addition, the power supply changeover device of DC-DC of the present invention and power conversion method have the automatic current equalizing characteristic, can simplify the design of circuit.
The power supply changeover device of buck DC-DC of the present invention comprises two first switches and two reduction voltage loop.Two first switch in parallel are in a direct current power supply, and both open (OFF), close (ON) opposite states, and the path of each first switch is identical with the duration of opening circuit.One end of each reduction voltage loop is connected to each first switch, and the other end is parallel to a load.Each reduction voltage loop comprises a second switch, an inductance and an electric capacity.The path of this second switch and off state are opposite with this first switch.
This second switch can adopt a mos field effect transistor, controls to take synchronous rectification, thereby improves power supply conversion efficiency.In addition, this reduction voltage loop can be installed a detector to detect wherein electric current.Approximate zero or when producing adverse current when finding that electric current is reduced to, this mos field effect transistor is formed open circuit, (Discontinuous Conduction Mode reduces power supply conversion efficiency in the time of DCM) when DCM takes place to avoid.
The power conversion method of buck DC-DC of the present invention comprises the following step:
(1) provides a direct current power supply;
(2) produce duty ratio with this DC power supply and be 50% one first pulse signal and one second pulse signal, and both phase phasic difference 180 degree;
(3) import one first reduction voltage loop with this first pulse signal, thereby produce one first electric current, and import one second reduction voltage loop, produce one second electric current with this second pulse signal;
(4) integrate this first electric current and second electric current and transfer to a load.
In addition, the present invention can utilize synchronous rectification to control the current path of this first reduction voltage loop and second reduction voltage loop, and this first reduction voltage loop and second reduction voltage loop are detected.Approximate zero or the generation adverse current if detect the electric current of this first reduction voltage loop or second reduction voltage loop, this first reduction voltage loop or second reduction voltage loop are become open circuit, to avoid current loss.
The power supply changeover device of buck DC-DC of the present invention and power conversion method also can be applicable to communication power supply and low noise electricity consumption place except the voltage regulator module that can be applicable to CPU.
Description of drawings
The present invention will be illustrated according to accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the power supply changeover device of known buck DC-DC;
Fig. 2 is the sequential chart of the power supply changeover device of known buck DC-DC;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of power supply changeover device of the buck DC-DC of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 shows the sequential chart of the power supply changeover device of buck DC-DC of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the power supply changeover device of another buck DC-DC of the present invention;
Fig. 6 shows the sequential chart of the power supply changeover device generation DCM of buck DC-DC of the present invention.
Component symbol explanation among the figure:
30 power supply changeover devices
31 first reduction voltage loop
32 second reduction voltage loop
34 DC power supply
35 loads
51,52 detectors
S4, S5 first switch
D4, D5 diode
L4, L5 inductance
C4, C5 electric capacity
Embodiment
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of power supply changeover device 30 of the buck DC-DC of one embodiment of the invention.One end of one first reduction voltage loop 31 and one second reduction voltage loop 32 is parallel to a direct current power supply 34, and the other end is parallel to a load 35.This first and second reduction voltage loop 31,32 is controlled its conducting by first switch S 4, S5 respectively, and this first reduction voltage loop 31 comprises a diode D4, an inductance L 4 and a capacitor C 4, and this second reduction voltage loop 32 then comprises a diode D5, an inductance L 5 and a capacitor C 5.
With reference to Fig. 4, the power supply changeover device 30 of buck DC-DC of the present invention is to utilize the path of control switch S4 and S5 and open circuit and one first pulse signal and one second pulse signal are imported this first and second reduction voltage loop 31,32, and both phase difference is controlled to be about 180 °.Promptly when S4 was path, S5 was for opening circuit; Or S4 is when opening circuit, and S5 is a path.In addition, it is about 50% that the duty ratio of this first and second pulse signal is controlled to be, and promptly the path of this switch S 4 and S5 is identical with the duration of opening circuit.Thus, when the S4 conducting, the voltage Δ V of this inductance L 4
LBe Vi-Vo.According to the inductance formula
This moment this first reduction voltage loop 31 one first electric current I responded to of inductance L 4
L4To rise gradually, and its rate of rise is (Vi-Vo)/L.On the contrary, when S4 when opening circuit, this first electric current I
L4To descend gradually, thereby form similar wavy kenel.Similarly, flow through second electric current I of this inductance L 5
L5Also will present wavy.Because of 180 ° of the phase phasic differences of first and second pulse signal of this S4 and S5 input, so work as I
L4During rising, I
L5Be decline, and work as I
L4During decline, I
L5For rising.Therefore, under perfect condition, export the total current I of this load 35 in conjunction with first and second electric current
TThe electric current of a no ripple will be formed.In addition, because of the duty ratio of this first and second pulse signal all is about 50%, and about 180 ° of its phase phasic difference, so can avoid known technology idle time phenomenon generation, and need not adopt flow equalize technology.
This first switch S 4, S5 also can only be represented by a switch.When first reduction voltage loop 31 is done the time spent, this switch then connects DC power supply 34 to this first reduction voltage loop 31.And do the time spent when the two or two reduction voltage loop 32, then this switch connects DC power supply 34 to this second reduction voltage loop 32.
Generally speaking, this diode D4, D5 are the demands of using less electric current (for example less than 30 amperes).But also application of synchronized rectification of the power supply changeover device of buck DC-DC of the present invention (synchronous rectify) technology to be improving power supply conversion efficiency, and can be applicable to the situation of big electric current (for example greater than 30 amperes).
With reference to Fig. 5, this diode D4, the D5 (representative second switch) among Fig. 4 also can replace with mos field effect transistor (MOSFET) T4, T5 respectively, thereby directly controls.The path of the body diode of this T4 and T5 (body diode) and opportunity of opening circuit are opposite with this switch S 4 and S5 respectively, and for example S4 is when opening circuit, and T4 is conducting, and S4 is when being conducting, and T4 is for opening circuit.When this load 35 is that it is less to be equivalent to Io when being in underloading (light load) state, make the electric current I of this inductance L 4 and L5
L4And I
L5Lower, even may convergence or reduce to zero, and produce DCM as Fig. 6.Originally the electric charge that is stored in capacitor C 4, C5 this moment may be released in the circuit and produce adverse current, causes the loss of power source conversion.
In order to prevent that this first reduction voltage loop 31 and second reduction voltage loop 32 from the phenomenon of adverse current taking place under DCM, can in each reduction voltage loop 31,32, detector 51,52 be set respectively, in case detect I
L4Or I
L5Reduce to zero or when the adverse current phenomenon takes place approximately, be about to T4 and T5 and form and open circuit, to keep the high efficiency of power source conversion.
Because the duty ratio of the power supply changeover device of buck DC-DC of the present invention is fixed on 50%, therefore can't the apply pulse width modulated (Pulse Width Modulation PWM) controls.Yet, the power supply changeover device of buck DC-DC of the present invention can adopt pulse-skip modulation (the Pulse Skipping Modulation of frequency conversion type, PSM) control mode by the characteristic of its less quiescent current (quiescent current), can be kept preferable conversion efficiency.In addition, when being applied to heavy load condition, this first and second pulse signal can adopt lower frequency, equals to add the time that long electrical wave climbs.Review when being applied to the underloading situation, this first and second pulse signal then adopts higher frequency.
In sum, the power conversion method of buck DC-DC of the present invention roughly can reduce the following step:
(1) provides a direct current power supply;
(2) producing duty ratio with this DC power supply is 50% one first pulse signal and one second pulse signal, and both phase phasic difference 180 degree;
(3) import one first reduction voltage loop and produce one first electric current with this first pulse signal, and import one second reduction voltage loop and produce one second electric current with this second pulse signal;
(4) integrate this first electric current and second electric current and transport to a load.
The phase place of this first pulse signal and second pulse signal can utilize synchronous rectification to control, to improve efficiency of transmission.In addition, the electric current in this first reduction voltage loop and second reduction voltage loop can detect.Approximate zero as if the electric current that detects this first reduction voltage loop or second reduction voltage loop and maybe will produce adverse current, this first reduction voltage loop or second reduction voltage loop are formed off state, to avoid the loss of power source conversion.
Technology contents of the present invention and technical characterstic are open as above, yet the personage who is familiar with this technology still may and disclose and do all replacement and modifications that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention based on teaching of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be not limited to the disclosed content of embodiment, and should comprise various do not deviate from replacement of the present invention and modifications, and is contained by the present patent application claim.
Claims (12)
1. the power supply changeover device of a buck DC-DC comprises:
At least one first switch is used to produce one first pulse signal and second pulse signal, and wherein this first and second pulse signal has identical approximately duty ratio and about 180 degree of phase difference each other; And
Two reduction voltage loop, an end of each reduction voltage loop are to be connected in this at least one first switch, and the other end is parallel to a load, and each reduction voltage loop comprises:
One second switch, its path and off state are opposite with this at least one first switch;
One inductance;
One electric capacity.
2. the power supply changeover device of buck DC-DC according to claim 1 is characterized in that described second switch is a diode.
3. the power supply changeover device of buck DC-DC according to claim 1 is characterized in that described second switch is a mos field effect transistor.
4. the power supply changeover device of buck DC-DC according to claim 3 is characterized in that described each reduction voltage loop comprises a detector in addition, in order to the flow through electric current of this inductance of detection.
5. the power supply changeover device of buck DC-DC according to claim 1 is characterized in that described first switch has two, and is connected to this two reduction voltage loop.
6. the power conversion method of a buck DC-DC comprises the following step:
One direct current power supply is provided;
Produce duty ratio with this DC power supply and be about 50% one first pulse signal and one second pulse signal, and about 180 degree of both phase phasic differences;
Import one first reduction voltage loop and produce one first electric current with this first pulse signal, and import one second reduction voltage loop and produce one second electric current with this second pulse signal;
Integrate this first electric current and second electric current and transfer to a load.
7. the power conversion method of buck DC-DC according to claim 6 is characterized in that the current path of described first reduction voltage loop and second reduction voltage loop is to control with synchronous rectification.
8. the power conversion method of buck DC-DC according to claim 6 is characterized in that it comprises the step of the electric current in this first reduction voltage loop of detection and second reduction voltage loop in addition.
9. the power conversion method of buck DC-DC according to claim 8 is characterized in that it comprises the step that opens circuit in addition, and it is used for forming when the electric current that detects this first reduction voltage loop or second reduction voltage loop is about zero and opens circuit.
10. the power conversion method of buck DC-DC according to claim 6 is characterized in that described first pulse signal and second pulse signal are to adopt frequency conversion type control.
11. the power conversion method of buck DC-DC according to claim 6 is characterized in that it comprises the following step in addition:
When if described load is heavily loaded situation, then reduce the frequency of this first pulse signal and second pulse signal;
When if described load is the underloading situation, then improve the frequency of this first pulse signal and second pulse signal.
12. the power conversion method of buck DC-DC according to claim 6 is characterized in that described first pulse signal and second pulse signal are to adopt the pulse-skip modulation to control.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03152580 CN1581654A (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2003-08-05 | Voltage-dropping DC-to-DC power supply converter and power supply converting method |
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| CN 03152580 CN1581654A (en) | 2003-08-05 | 2003-08-05 | Voltage-dropping DC-to-DC power supply converter and power supply converting method |
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| CN1581654A true CN1581654A (en) | 2005-02-16 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101662233A (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2010-03-03 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Circuit used for driving single-path or multi-path capacitive load |
| CN102904444A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2013-01-30 | 上海交通大学 | DC/DC (direct-current/direct-current) conversion and control system based on proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN103731034A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-16 | 陕西科技大学 | Digital voltage regulating module with high fractional load efficiency and high dynamic characteristic |
| CN103973114A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-08-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Constant power control direct-current power supply |
| CN105467367A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-06 | 四川九洲空管科技有限责任公司 | Blocking and crosslinking device based on T3CAS |
| CN107251392A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2017-10-13 | 布鲁萨电子公司 | DC/DC conversion equipments |
| CN108521221A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-09-11 | 合肥工业大学 | It is a kind of based on exponential convergence to the current-sharing control method of DC-DC types Buck converters in parallel |
| CN113328509A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-31 | 上海毅镤新能源科技有限公司 | Voltage reduction module and pure water electrolysis hydrogen production system |
-
2003
- 2003-08-05 CN CN 03152580 patent/CN1581654A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101662233A (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2010-03-03 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Circuit used for driving single-path or multi-path capacitive load |
| CN101662233B (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2014-05-14 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Circuit used for driving single-path or multi-path capacitive load |
| CN102904444A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2013-01-30 | 上海交通大学 | DC/DC (direct-current/direct-current) conversion and control system based on proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN102904444B (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2015-01-21 | 上海交通大学 | DC/DC (direct-current/direct-current) conversion and control system based on proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN103731034A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-16 | 陕西科技大学 | Digital voltage regulating module with high fractional load efficiency and high dynamic characteristic |
| CN103973114A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-08-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Constant power control direct-current power supply |
| CN107251392A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2017-10-13 | 布鲁萨电子公司 | DC/DC conversion equipments |
| CN107251392B (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2019-11-15 | 布鲁萨电子公司 | DC/DC conversion equipment, energy transmission system, the vehicles and the method for operating them |
| CN105467367A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-04-06 | 四川九洲空管科技有限责任公司 | Blocking and crosslinking device based on T3CAS |
| CN108521221A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-09-11 | 合肥工业大学 | It is a kind of based on exponential convergence to the current-sharing control method of DC-DC types Buck converters in parallel |
| CN108521221B (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2019-08-02 | 合肥工业大学 | It is a kind of based on exponential convergence to the current-sharing control method of DC-DC type Buck converter in parallel |
| CN113328509A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-31 | 上海毅镤新能源科技有限公司 | Voltage reduction module and pure water electrolysis hydrogen production system |
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