CN113328509A - Voltage reduction module and pure water electrolysis hydrogen production system - Google Patents
Voltage reduction module and pure water electrolysis hydrogen production system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113328509A CN113328509A CN202110471743.7A CN202110471743A CN113328509A CN 113328509 A CN113328509 A CN 113328509A CN 202110471743 A CN202110471743 A CN 202110471743A CN 113328509 A CN113328509 A CN 113328509A
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to an electrical element, in particular to a voltage reduction module and a pure water electrolysis hydrogen production system, wherein the voltage reduction module comprises: the switching power supply is used for continuously switching between a first switching state and a second switching state according to a preset duty ratio; when the switching power supply is switched to a first switching state, the switching power supply, the first branch circuit and the load form a first loop, and the second branch circuit and the switching power supply form a second loop electrically connected with the load; when the first branch circuit and the load are switched to the second switching state, the first branch circuit and the load form a third loop, and the switching power supply and the second branch circuit form a fourth loop which is electrically connected with the first branch circuit and the load respectively. In addition, the amplitude of ripple current generated by the first branch circuit and the second branch circuit is equal, and the phases are opposite, so that the ripple in the output current can be eliminated, and the reliability of hydrogen production of equipment is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuits and hydrogen production, in particular to a voltage reduction module and a pure water electrolysis hydrogen production system.
Background
The power voltage generated by renewable energy sources is too high compared with the power supply voltage of water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, and cannot be directly used for hydrogen production of PEM (proton exchange membrane) water electrolysis devices. Therefore, the existing solution is to increase the efficiency by reducing the switching frequency. Although the loss of the switch can be reduced to a certain extent by adopting the method, the voltage ripple output by the method is increased correspondingly. However, the power converter of the power supply and load interface is one of the necessary devices in the electrolytic water hydrogen production control cabinet. In addition to the important characteristic of high conversion step-down ratio for handling high voltage current, the DC/DC converter connected with the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment has low output current ripple, which is a problem faced by the converter in the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment. The output current ripple must be as low as possible to improve the reliability of the plant for hydrogen production from the point of view of efficiency and hydrogen production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, in some embodiments of the present invention, a voltage reduction module and a pure water electrolysis hydrogen production system are designed, where the voltage reduction module can effectively eliminate ripples in output current, so as to improve the reliability of hydrogen production of pure water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment.
In order to achieve the above object, some embodiments of the present invention provide a voltage dropping module, including:
the switching power supply is used for receiving a switching signal;
the first branch circuit is electrically connected with the switch power supply and the load respectively;
the second branch circuit is electrically connected with the switch power supply and the load respectively;
the control unit is used for continuously switching between a first switching state and a second switching state according to the received switching signal at a preset duty ratio;
when the switching power supply is switched to the first switching state, the switching power supply, the first branch circuit and the load form a first loop, and the second branch circuit and the switching power supply form a second loop electrically connected with the load;
when the switching power supply is switched to the second switching state, the first branch and the load form a third loop, and the switching power supply and the second branch form a fourth loop which is electrically connected with the first branch and the load respectively;
the amplitude of ripple current generated by the first branch circuit and the second branch circuit is equal, and the phases are opposite.
In addition, some embodiments of the present invention also provide a pure water electrolysis hydrogen production system, including: the water electrolysis hydrogen production load, the control unit and the voltage reduction module are arranged;
the switching power supply of the voltage reduction module is used for being electrically connected with power supply equipment which generates renewable energy, the switching power supply is also in communication connection with the control unit, and the control unit is used for sending a switching signal to the switching power supply;
the first branch and the second branch of the voltage reduction module are respectively and electrically connected with the water electrolysis hydrogen production load.
Compared with the prior art, in some embodiments of the present invention, when the voltage reduction module of the present embodiment is used for low current output, the switching power supply may receive the switching signal, and the switching signal may enable the switching power supply to continuously switch between the first switching state and the second switching state at a preset duty ratio, however, since the first branch and the second branch in the voltage reduction module may generate two current ripples with equal amplitudes and opposite phases. Therefore, the current supplied to the load can be used regardless of the duty ratio of the switching power supply, the ripple in the current can be well eliminated, and the reliability of the load for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water is improved.
In addition, the switching power supply includes:
a power supply having a positive line and a negative line electrically connected to the load;
the power supply comprises a first switch unit and a second switch unit, wherein one end of the first switch unit and one end of the second switch unit are connected in series, the other end of the first switch unit is connected in parallel to the positive pole circuit of the power supply, and the other end of the second switch unit is connected in parallel to the negative pole circuit of the power supply;
the power supply comprises a third switching unit and a fourth switching unit, wherein one end of the third switching unit and one end of the fourth switching unit are connected in series, the other end of the third switching unit is connected in parallel to the positive pole line of the power supply, and the other end of the fourth switching unit is connected in parallel to the negative pole line of the power supply;
one end of the first branch is connected in parallel to a series circuit of the third switching unit and the fourth switching unit, and the other end of the first branch is electrically connected with the load; one end of the second branch circuit is connected in parallel to a series circuit of the first switch unit and the second switch unit, and the other end of the second branch circuit is connected in parallel to a negative circuit of the power supply;
wherein the first switching unit and the fourth switching unit have the same switching state, and the second switching unit and the third switching unit have the same switching state;
when the first switching unit and the fourth switching unit are in a closed state, the second switching unit and the third switching unit are in an open state; when the first switching unit and the fourth switching unit are in an open state, the second switching unit and the third switching unit are in a closed state;
the state that the first switch unit and the fourth switch unit are in the passage is the first switch state, and the state that the second switch unit and the third switch unit are in the passage is the second switch state.
In addition, the first switching unit includes: a first switch and a first diode;
the second switching unit includes: a second switch and a second diode;
one end of the first switch and one end of the first diode are both connected in parallel on the positive pole circuit of the power supply, and one end of the second switch and one end of the second diode are both connected in parallel on the negative pole circuit of the power supply;
the other end of the first switch is connected with the other end of the second switch in series, and the other end of the first diode is connected with the other end of the second diode in series;
one end of the second branch is connected in parallel to a serial line of the first switch and the second switch, and connected in parallel to a serial line of the first diode and the second diode.
In addition, the first switch is provided with a first signal receiving end, and the second switch is also provided with a second signal receiving end; the first signal receiving end and the second signal receiving end are used for receiving the switching signal.
In addition, the third switching unit includes: a third switch and a third diode;
the fourth switching unit includes: a fourth switch and a fourth diode;
one end of the third switch and one end of the third diode are both connected in parallel on the positive line of the power supply, and one end of the fourth switch and one end of the fourth diode are both connected in parallel on the negative line of the power supply;
the other end of the third switch is connected with the other end of the fourth switch in series, and the other end of the third diode is connected with the other end of the fourth diode in series;
one end of the first branch is connected in parallel to a series line of the third switch and the fourth switch, and connected in parallel to a series line of the third diode and the fourth diode.
In addition, the third switch has a third signal receiving terminal, and the fourth switch also has a fourth signal receiving terminal; the third signal receiving end and the fourth signal receiving end are used for receiving the switching signal.
In addition, the first branch includes: the first resistor and the first inductor are sequentially connected in series;
one end of the first resistor is connected in parallel with a line formed by connecting the third switch and the fourth switch in series and connected in parallel with a line formed by connecting the third diode and the fourth diode in series, and one end of the first inductor is electrically connected with the load.
In addition, the second branch includes: the second resistor, the second inductor and the second capacitor are sequentially connected in series;
one end of the second resistor is connected in parallel to a serial line of the first switch and the second switch and connected in parallel to a serial line of the first diode and the second diode, and one end of the second capacitor is connected in parallel to the negative pole line of the power supply.
In addition, the second branch further includes: a first capacitor connected in series between the second capacitor and the negative line of the power supply.
In addition, the load is a load for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be clear that the drawings in the following description are only intended to illustrate some embodiments of the present application, and that for a person skilled in the art, it is possible to derive from these drawings, without inventive effort, technical features, connections or even method steps not mentioned in the other drawings.
FIG. 1 is a waveform diagram of an output voltage of a prior art hydrogen production system;
FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of an output current of a prior art hydrogen production system;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a circuit module for supplying power to a load for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water when a switching power supply of a voltage reduction module according to a first embodiment of the invention is switched to a first switching state;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a circuit module for supplying power to a load for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water when the switching power supply of the voltage reduction module according to the first embodiment of the invention is switched to the second switching state;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a circuit module of the first embodiment of the invention in which a voltage reduction module is connected to a load for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water;
FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of an output current of a first branch circuit for stabilizing an 8V voltage according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of an output current of the second branch circuit for stabilizing an 8V voltage according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram of the output current of the first branch when the voltage is ramped from 6V to 8V in the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a waveform diagram of the output current of the buck module when the voltage is ramped from 6V to 8V in the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph of the output voltage waveform of the buck module as the voltage ramps from 6V to 8V in the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a waveform diagram of the output current of the second branch when the voltage is ramped from 6V to 8V in the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a block diagram of an electric circuit block of a pure water electrolytic hydrogen production system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the prior art, the power voltage generated by renewable energy sources is too high compared with the power supply voltage of water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, and the power voltage cannot be directly used for the hydrogen production action of a PEM water electrolysis device. Therefore, the existing solution is to reduce the switching frequency to improve the efficiency, and although the loss of the switch can be reduced to some extent by this method, the output voltage ripple and ripple current will be increased accordingly. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, when the output voltage of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is 8V, the corresponding output current is 29.432a, and the output current and the output voltage of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment within a certain time period are intercepted, so that the output voltage and the output current of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment from 4s to 4.0004s can oscillate periodically, that is, ripple current and ripple voltage occur. However, the power converter of the power supply and load interface is one of the necessary devices in the electrolytic water hydrogen production control cabinet. In addition to the important characteristic of high conversion step-down ratio for handling high voltage current, the DC/DC converter connected with the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment has low output current ripple, which is a problem faced by the converter in the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment. The output current ripple and the voltage ripple must be as low as possible to improve the reliability of the plant for hydrogen production from the point of view of efficiency and hydrogen production.
Example one
A first embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage step-down module, as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, including: a switching power supply 1, a first branch 2 and a second branch 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the switching power supply 1 may be configured to receive a switching signal, and then the first branch 2 is electrically connected to the switching power supply 1 and the load, the second branch 3 is electrically connected to the switching power supply 1 and the load, and the switching power supply 1 is configured to continuously switch between a first switching state and a second switching state according to the received switching signal with a preset duty ratio.
As shown in fig. 5, the first branch 2 is electrically connected to the switching power supply 1 and the load, respectively, and the second branch 3 is also electrically connected to the switching power supply 1 and the load, respectively.
In practical application, the load is the water electrolysis hydrogen production load 4, and meanwhile, the switching power supply 1 of the voltage reduction module of the embodiment can be in communication connection with a control module (not marked in the figure) of the hydrogen production equipment, so that the switching power supply 1 can be continuously switched between a first switching state and a second switching state according to a switching signal sent by the control module with a preset duty ratio.
And, when the switching power supply 1 is switched to the first switching state according to the switching signal, as shown in fig. 3, the switching power supply 1, the first branch 2 and the hydrogen production from electrolyzed water load 4 may form a first loop, and at the same time, the second branch 3 and the switching power supply 1 form a second loop electrically connected to the hydrogen production from electrolyzed water load 4. When the switching power supply 1 is switched to the second switching state according to the switching signal, as shown in fig. 4, the first branch 2 and the hydrogen production from electrolyzed water load 4 form a third loop, and simultaneously, the switching power supply 1 and the second branch 3 form a fourth loop electrically connected to the first branch 2 and the hydrogen production from electrolyzed water load 4, respectively. In the present embodiment, the ripple currents generated in the first branch 2 and the second branch 3 have the same amplitude but have opposite phases. Therefore, no matter how the duty ratio of the switching power supply 1 of the voltage reduction module of the embodiment is, the amplitude of the ripple current generated by the first branch 2 and the second branch 3 is equal, and the phases are opposite, so that the current supplied to the water electrolysis hydrogen production load 4 can be made to well eliminate the ripple in the current, and the reliability of the water electrolysis hydrogen production load 4 in hydrogen production can be effectively improved.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the switching power supply 1 includes: a power supply 11, a first switching unit 12, a second switching unit 13, a third switching unit 14, and a fourth switching unit 15. As shown in fig. 5, the power supply 11 includes a positive electrode line 111 and a negative electrode line 112 electrically connected to the hydrogen production load 4 by electrolysis of water. One end of the first switching unit 12 and one end of the second switching unit 13 are connected in series with each other, and the other end of the first switching unit 12 is connected in parallel to the positive line 111 of the power supply 11. Meanwhile, the other end of the second switching unit 13 is connected in parallel to the negative electrode line 112 of the power supply 11.
In addition, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, one end of the third switching unit 14 and one end of the fourth switching unit 15 are connected in series with each other. Meanwhile, the other end of the third switching unit 14 is connected in parallel to the positive line 111 of the power supply 11, and the other end of the fourth switching unit 15 is connected in parallel to the negative line 112 of the power supply 11.
Next, as shown in fig. 5, one end of the first branch 2 is connected in parallel to the series line of the third switching unit 14 and the fourth switching unit 15, the other end of the first branch 2 is electrically connected to the electrolyzed water hydrogen production load 4, one end of the second branch 3 is connected in parallel to the series line of the first switching unit 12 and the second switching unit 13, and the other end of the second branch 3 is connected in parallel to the negative electrode line 112 of the power supply 11.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the switching states of the first switching unit 12 and the fourth switching unit 15 are the same, and the switching states of the second switching unit 13 and the third switching unit 14 are the same. In actual operation, when the first switching unit 12 and the fourth switching unit 15 are in the on state, the second switching unit 13 and the third switching unit 14 are in the off state. On the contrary, when the first switching unit 12 and the fourth switching unit 15 are in the off state, the second switching unit 13 and the third switching unit 14 are in the on state. In the present embodiment, the state in which the first switching unit 12 and the fourth switching unit 15 are turned on is the first switching state, and the state in which the second switching unit 13 and the third switching unit 14 are turned on is the second switching state.
In addition, in order to be able to make the first and second circuits formable in a state where the first and fourth switching units 12 and 15 are in the passage, and to be able to make the third and fourth circuits formable in a state where the second and third switching units 13 and 14 are in the passage, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the first switching unit 12 includes: a first switch 121 and a first diode 122, and the second switching unit 13 includes: a second switch 131 and a second diode 132. As shown in fig. 5, one end of the first switch 121 and one end of the first diode 122 are both connected in parallel to the positive line 111 of the power source 11, one end of the second switch 131 and one end of the second diode 132 are both connected in parallel to the negative line 112 of the power source 11, the other end of the first switch 121 is connected in series with the other end of the second switch 131, and the other end of the first diode 122 is connected in series with the other end of the second diode 132. In addition, as shown in fig. 5, one end of the second arm 3 is connected in parallel to the series line of the first switch 121 and the second switch 131, and to the series line of the first diode 122 and the second diode 132.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the second arm 3 includes: a second resistor 31, a second inductor 32 and a second capacitor 33 connected in series in sequence. One end of the second resistor 31 is connected in parallel to the series line of the first switch 121 and the second switch 131 and to the series line of the first diode 122 and the second diode 132, and one end of the second capacitor 33 is connected in parallel to the negative electrode line 112 of the power source 11.
In addition, as shown in fig. 5, the third switching unit 14 includes: a third switch 141 and a third diode 142, and the fourth switching unit 15 includes: a fourth switch 151 and a fourth diode 152. One end of the third switch 141 and one end of the third diode 142 are both connected in parallel to the positive line 111 of the power source 11, and one end of the fourth switch 151 and one end of the fourth diode 152 are both connected in parallel to the negative line 112 of the power source 11. And the other terminal of the third switch 141 is connected in series with the other terminal of the fourth switch 151, and the other terminal of the third diode 142 is connected in series with the other terminal of the fourth diode 152. In addition, as shown in fig. 5, one end of the first branch 2 is connected in parallel to the series line of the third switch 141 and the fourth switch 151, and to the series line of the third diode 142 and the fourth diode 152.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the first branch 2 includes: a first resistor 21 and a first inductor 22 connected in series. Wherein, one end of the first resistor 21 is connected in parallel to the line of the third switch 141 and the fourth switch 151 in series and connected in parallel to the series line of the third diode 142 and the fourth diode 152, and one end of the first inductor 22 is electrically connected to the hydrogen production load 4 by electrolyzing water.
As can be seen from the above description, when the first switch unit 12 and the fourth switch unit 15 are in the on state and the second switch unit 13 and the third switch unit 14 are in the off state, that is, the first switch 121 and the fourth switch 151 are closed, and the second switch 131 and the third switch 141 are opened, as shown in fig. 3, the switching power supply 1, the first resistor 21, the first inductor 22 and the hydrogen production from electrolyzed water load 4 may form a first loop, and at the same time, the switching power supply 1, the second resistor 31, the second inductor 32 and the second capacitor 33 form a second loop electrically connected to the hydrogen production from electrolyzed water load 4. At this time, as can be seen from fig. 3, on the one hand, in the first circuit, i.e., on the primary side, the first inductor 22 passes through both the whole DC direct current required by the load 4 for hydrogen production from electrolyzed water, and at the same time, a part of the low-voltage AC alternating current passes through, at this time, the output voltage D being the input voltage, where D is the duration of time when the first switch 121 and the fourth switch 151 are engaged in one pulse period, and, as shown in fig. 6, at this time, in the first circuit, the alternating current passing through the first branch 2 exhibits the same triangular waveform as that of the conventional Buck converter, and on the other hand, in the second circuit, since the DC component is blocked by the second capacitor 33, only a part of the alternating AC current may pass through the second inductor 32, as shown in fig. 7, so that the alternating current passing through the second branch 3 exhibits a triangular waveform completely opposite phase to the triangular waveform of the alternating current passing through the first branch 2, i.e. the phases of the alternating currents flowing through the two branches are offset from each other by 180 deg., so that the alternating currents flowing through the two branches are complementary to each other in an antisymmetric manner, so that the ripples in the two alternating currents cancel each other out, and thus the ripples in the output current can be well eliminated. For example, in the process of increasing the voltage from 6V to 8V, as shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the output current of the first branch 2 and the output current and output voltage of the whole voltage reduction module will rapidly rise, at the same time, as shown in fig. 11, the output current of the second branch 3 will generate a certain ripple current, and when the voltage is stabilized at 8V, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, although both the first branch 2 and the second branch 3 will generate the ripple current, the phase of the triangular waveform of the alternating current flowing through the second branch 3 is completely opposite to the phase of the triangular waveform of the alternating current flowing through the first branch 2, so that the ripple current and the ripple voltage are effectively eliminated, and as shown in fig. 11, the output voltage of the voltage reduction module is substantially flat, so that the reliability of the hydrogen production by electrolysis load 4 during hydrogen production can be effectively improved.
And when the first switch unit 12 and the fourth switch unit 15 are in an open circuit state and the second switch unit 13 and the third switch unit 14 are in a closed circuit state, that is, the first switch 121 and the fourth switch 151 are turned off, and the second switch 131 and the third switch 141 are closed, as shown in fig. 4, the first resistor 21, the first inductor 22 and the electrolyzed water hydrogen production load 4 form a third loop, and simultaneously, the switching power supply 1, the second resistor 31, the second inductor 32 and the third capacitor 33 form a fourth loop electrically connected with the first branch 2 and the electrolyzed water hydrogen production load 4, respectively. At this time, the output voltage (i.e. the input voltage × (1-D) —) is the voltage across the second capacitor 33, where 1-D is the duration of the second switch 131 and the third switch 141 during one pulse cycle, as can be seen from fig. 4, on the one hand, the DC current provided by the power supply is blocked by the second capacitor 33, so that only a part of the AC current can pass through the second inductor 32, and another part of the AC current can pass through the first inductor 22, and at this time, the two AC currents flowing through the first inductor 11 and the second inductor 32 are also shifted by 180 ° from each other, so that in the state, the two AC currents can be made to complement each other in an antisymmetric manner, so that the ripples in the two AC currents can be cancelled out, and the ripples in the output current can be eliminated well. For example, in the process of increasing the voltage from 6V to 8V, as shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the output current of the first branch 2 and the output current and the output voltage of the whole buck module rapidly rise, and at the same time, as shown in fig. 11, the output current of the second branch 3 generates a certain ripple current, while when the voltage is stabilized at 8V, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, although both the first branch 2 and the second branch 3 generate the ripple current, the phase of the triangular waveform of the alternating current flowing through the second branch 3 is completely opposite to the phase of the triangular waveform of the alternating current flowing through the first branch 2, so that the ripple current and the ripple voltage are effectively eliminated. As shown in fig. 11, the output voltage of the voltage reduction module is substantially flat, so that the reliability of the load 4 for hydrogen production by water electrolysis can be effectively improved.
As can be seen from the above description, the voltage reduction module of the present embodiment can effectively eliminate the ripple in the output current regardless of the duty ratio of the first switch 121, the second switch 131, the third switch 141, and the fourth switch 151.
Meanwhile, in order to enable the first switch unit 12, the second switch unit 13, the third switch unit 14, and the fourth switch unit 15 to be switched according to the switch signal, in the present embodiment, the first switch 121 has a first signal receiving end, the second switch 131 has a second signal receiving end, the third switch 141 has a third signal receiving end, and the fourth switch 151 has a fourth signal receiving end. Therefore, in practical applications, the first switch 121, the second switch 131, the third switch 141, and the fourth switch 151 may receive the switching signal through their respective signal receiving terminals, so as to switch the switching states.
In addition, as a preferable scheme, in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the second branch 3 further includes: a first capacitor 34, and the first capacitor 34 is connected in series between the second capacitor 33 and the negative electrode line 112 of the power supply 11. By means of the first capacitor 34, when the second branch 3 fails, that is, when the second inductor 32 and the second capacitor 33 fail, the second capacitor 33, the second inductor 32, the second switch 131 and the third switch 141 are interrupted, and at this time, the first capacitor 34 operates in a manner similar to a standard Buck converter, and the current ripple in the load 4 for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water can be effectively eliminated through the first capacitor 34.
Example two
A second embodiment of the present invention provides a pure water electrolytic hydrogen production system, as shown in fig. 12, including: a hydrogen production load 4 by water electrolysis, a control unit 5, and a voltage reduction module as described in the first embodiment.
As shown in fig. 12, the switching power supply 1 of the voltage reduction module is configured to be electrically connected to a power supply device 6 that generates renewable energy, and meanwhile, the switching power supply 1 is further connected to a control unit 5 in a communication manner, and the control unit 5 may be configured to send a switching signal to the switching power supply 1. And a first branch 2 and a second branch 3 of the voltage reduction module are respectively and electrically connected with a water electrolysis hydrogen production load 4.
It can be seen from the above that, when the voltage reduction module according to the present embodiment is used for outputting a low current, the switching signal sent by the control unit 5 may be received by the switching power supply 1, and by means of the switching signal, the switching power supply 1 may be continuously switched between the first switching state and the second switching state at a preset duty ratio, however, two current ripples with equal amplitudes and opposite phases may be generated due to the first branch 2 and the second branch 3 in the voltage reduction module. Therefore, the current supplied to the hydrogen production by electrolysis load 4 can be made to be the same regardless of the duty ratio of the switching power supply 1, and the ripple in the current can be well eliminated, thereby improving the reliability of the pure water hydrogen production by electrolysis system during hydrogen production.
Finally, it should be noted that those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present application present many technical details for the purpose of enabling the reader to better understand the present application. However, the technical solutions claimed in the claims of the present application can be basically implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the above-described embodiments. Accordingly, in actual practice, various changes in form and detail may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A voltage reduction module, comprising:
the switching power supply is used for receiving a switching signal;
the first branch circuit is electrically connected with the switch power supply and the load respectively;
the second branch circuit is electrically connected with the switch power supply and the load respectively;
the switching power supply is used for continuously switching between a first switching state and a second switching state according to a received switching signal at a preset duty ratio;
when the switching power supply is switched to the first switching state, the switching power supply, the first branch circuit and the load form a first loop, and the second branch circuit and the switching power supply form a second loop electrically connected with the load;
when the switching power supply is switched to the second switching state, the first branch and the load form a third loop, and the switching power supply and the second branch form a fourth loop which is electrically connected with the first branch and the load respectively;
the amplitude of ripple current generated by the first branch circuit and the second branch circuit is equal, and the phases are opposite.
2. The buck module according to claim 1, wherein the switching power supply includes:
a power supply having a positive line and a negative line electrically connected to the load;
the power supply comprises a first switch unit and a second switch unit, wherein one end of the first switch unit and one end of the second switch unit are connected in series, the other end of the first switch unit is connected in parallel to the positive pole circuit of the power supply, and the other end of the second switch unit is connected in parallel to the negative pole circuit of the power supply;
the power supply comprises a third switching unit and a fourth switching unit, wherein one end of the third switching unit and one end of the fourth switching unit are connected in series, the other end of the third switching unit is connected in parallel to the positive pole line of the power supply, and the other end of the fourth switching unit is connected in parallel to the negative pole line of the power supply;
one end of the first branch is connected in parallel to a series circuit of the third switching unit and the fourth switching unit, and the other end of the first branch is electrically connected with the load; one end of the second branch circuit is connected in parallel to a series circuit of the first switch unit and the second switch unit, and the other end of the second branch circuit is connected in parallel to a negative circuit of the power supply;
wherein the first switching unit and the fourth switching unit have the same switching state, and the second switching unit and the third switching unit have the same switching state;
when the first switch unit and the fourth switch unit are in the on state, the second switch unit and the third switch unit are in the off state; when the first switching unit and the fourth switching unit are in an open state, the second switching unit and the third switching unit are in a closed state;
the state that the first switch unit and the fourth switch unit are in the passage is the first switch state, and the state that the second switch unit and the third switch unit are in the passage is the second switch state.
3. The voltage reducing module of claim 2, wherein the first switching unit comprises: a first switch and a first diode;
the second switching unit includes: a second switch and a second diode;
one end of the first switch and one end of the first diode are both connected in parallel on the positive pole circuit of the power supply, and one end of the second switch and one end of the second diode are both connected in parallel on the negative pole circuit of the power supply;
the other end of the first switch is connected with the other end of the second switch in series, and the other end of the first diode is connected with the other end of the second diode in series;
one end of the second branch is connected in parallel to a serial line of the first switch and the second switch, and connected in parallel to a serial line of the first diode and the second diode.
4. The buck module according to claim 3, wherein the first switch has a first signal receiving terminal, the second switch further having a second signal receiving terminal;
the first signal receiving end and the second signal receiving end are used for receiving the switching signal.
5. The voltage reduction module according to claim 2, wherein the third switching unit comprises: a third switch and a third diode;
the fourth switching unit includes: a fourth switch and a fourth diode;
one end of the third switch and one end of the third diode are both connected in parallel on the positive line of the power supply, and one end of the fourth switch and one end of the fourth diode are both connected in parallel on the negative line of the power supply;
the other end of the third switch is connected with the other end of the fourth switch in series, and the other end of the third diode is connected with the other end of the fourth diode in series;
one end of the first branch is connected in parallel to a series line of the third switch and the fourth switch, and connected in parallel to a series line of the third diode and the fourth diode.
6. The buck module according to claim 5, wherein the third switch has a third signal receiving terminal and the fourth switch further has a fourth signal receiving terminal;
the third signal receiving end and the fourth signal receiving end are used for receiving the switching signal.
7. The buck module according to claim 5, wherein the first branch comprises: the first resistor and the first inductor are sequentially connected in series;
one end of the first resistor is connected in parallel with a line formed by connecting the third switch and the fourth switch in series and connected in parallel with a line formed by connecting the third diode and the fourth diode in series, and one end of the first inductor is electrically connected with the load.
8. The buck module according to claim 3, wherein the second branch comprises: the second resistor, the second inductor and the second capacitor are sequentially connected in series;
one end of the second resistor is connected in parallel to a series circuit of the first switch and the second switch and connected in parallel to a series circuit of the first diode and the second diode, and one end of the second capacitor is connected in parallel to the negative pole line of the power supply;
the second branch preferably further comprises: a first capacitor connected in series between the second capacitor and the negative line of the power supply.
9. The voltage reduction module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the load is a hydrogen production load from electrolysis of water.
10. A system for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of pure water, comprising: the load and control unit for hydrogen production by water electrolysis is characterized by also comprising: the voltage reduction module of any one of claims 1-9;
the switching power supply of the voltage reduction module is used for being electrically connected with power supply equipment which generates renewable energy, the switching power supply is also in communication connection with the control unit, and the control unit is used for sending a switching signal to the switching power supply;
the first branch and the second branch of the voltage reduction module are respectively and electrically connected with the water electrolysis hydrogen production load.
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| CN202310660811.3A CN117674384A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Depressurization module and pure water electrolysis hydrogen production system |
| CN202110471743.7A CN113328509A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Voltage reduction module and pure water electrolysis hydrogen production system |
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| CN202110471743.7A CN113328509A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Voltage reduction module and pure water electrolysis hydrogen production system |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63186555A (en) * | 1987-01-24 | 1988-08-02 | Nec Corp | Back type converter |
| US5929692A (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 1999-07-27 | Computer Products Inc. | Ripple cancellation circuit with fast load response for switch mode voltage regulators with synchronous rectification |
| CN1581654A (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-16 | 沛亨半导体股份有限公司 | Voltage-dropping DC-to-DC power supply converter and power supply converting method |
| CN103475209A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2013-12-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Non-electrolytic-capacitor high-power-factor correction device and method |
| CN112104242A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-18 | 上海绿巨人爱爵能源科技有限公司 | N-phase parallel-connection staggered BUCK high-power rectifying device with high-power factor and ultra-low harmonic |
-
2021
- 2021-04-29 CN CN202110471743.7A patent/CN113328509A/en active Pending
- 2021-04-29 CN CN202310660811.3A patent/CN117674384A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63186555A (en) * | 1987-01-24 | 1988-08-02 | Nec Corp | Back type converter |
| US5929692A (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 1999-07-27 | Computer Products Inc. | Ripple cancellation circuit with fast load response for switch mode voltage regulators with synchronous rectification |
| CN1581654A (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-16 | 沛亨半导体股份有限公司 | Voltage-dropping DC-to-DC power supply converter and power supply converting method |
| CN103475209A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2013-12-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Non-electrolytic-capacitor high-power-factor correction device and method |
| CN112104242A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-18 | 上海绿巨人爱爵能源科技有限公司 | N-phase parallel-connection staggered BUCK high-power rectifying device with high-power factor and ultra-low harmonic |
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| CN117674384A (en) | 2024-03-08 |
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